2008年全国统一高考英语试卷（福建卷）

After the Summer Olympics are over, when all the athletics have gone home and the television audience has switched off, another group of athletics and fans will arrive at the host city, and another competition will begin. These are the Paralympics, the games for athletes with a disability. But in Beijing in 2008, for the first time, one of the greatest Paralympics will not be taking part.
She is a British athlete by the name of Tanni Grey-Thormpson. Born with spine hifida (脊椎裂) which left her paralysed from the waist down. Tanni used a wheelchair from the age of 7. at first, she was not keen on sport, apart from horse-riding, which gave her a sense of freedom. But in her teens, she started taking sports more seriously. She tried swimming, basketball and tennis. Eventually she found athletics, and never looked back.
Indeed, Tanni's athletic career took off. In 1984, when she was 15, she pulled off a surprise victory in the 100metres at the Junior National Wheelchair Games.
In 1988, Tanni went to her first Paralympic Games in Seoul. She won bronze in the 400 metres. Even greater success followed at the 1992 Barcelona. Paralympics. Tanni won gold in the 100, 200, 400 and 800 metres relay, setting two world records in the process. In the same year she achieved she first of her six London Wheelchair Marathon victories.
Tanni's enduring success had been part motivation(动机), part preparation, "The training I do that enables me to be a good sprinter(短跑运动员) enables me to be good at a marathon too. I train 50 weeks of the year and that keeps me prepared for whatever distance I want to race…. I am still competing at a very high lever, but as I get older things get harder and I want to retire before I fall apart."
Indeed Tanni retired finally after the Visa Paralympic World Cup in 2007. Her wish is to coach young athletes for Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.
In spite of ups and downs, she never take her fate lying down. In her splendid life, she has won an amazing eleven gold medals, four silvers and one bronze in series of Paralympics- a top lever athletic career covering two decades. She has won the London Wheelchair Marathon six times, more than any other competitor, and she has set over thirty world records.
What advice does she have for young athletes? "Work hard at your studies, and then train, train and train again."

For years we have been told that encouraging a child's self-respect is important to his or her success in life. But child experts are now learning that too much praise can lead to the opposite effect. Praise-sholic kids  who expect it at every turn may become teens who seek to same kind of approval from friends when asked if they want to go in the backseat of the car.

The implication(含义) of saying "You are the prettiest girl in class," or talking about the goals she succeed but not her overall effort, is that you love her only when she looks the best, scores she highest, achieves the most. And this carries over to the classroom.

Social psychologist Carrol Dweck, PhD, tested the effects of overpraise on 400 fifth graders while she was at Columbia University. She found that kids praised for "trying hard" did better on tests and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than those praised for being "smart".

"Praising attributes(品质) or abilities makes a false promise that success will come to you because you have that quality, and it devalues effort, so children are afraid to take on challenges, " says Dweck, now at Stanford University, "They figure they's better quit while they're ahead."

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As a Switch card, it lets you pay for all sorts of goods and services, whenever you see the Switch logo. The money comes straight out of your account, so you can spend as much as you like as long as you have enough money (or an agreed overdraft(透支) to cover it. It is also a cheque guarantee(担保) card for up to the amount shown on the card. And it gives you free access to your money from over 31,000 cash machines across the UK.
How to use your NatWest Chshcard
You can use your Cashcard as a Sulo card to pay for goods and services wherever you see the Solo logo.  It can also give you access to your account and your cash from over 31,000 cash machines nationwide. You can spend or withdraw(提取) what you have in your account, or as much as your agreed overdraft limit.
Using your card abroad
You can also use your Servicecard and Cashcard when you’re abroad. You can withdraw cash at cash machines and pay for goods and services wherever you see the Cirrus or Maestro logo displayed.
We take a commission charge(手续费) of 2.25% of each cash withdrawal you make (up to ￡4) and a commission charge of 75 pence every time you use Maestro to pay for goods or services. We also apply a foreign-exchange transaction fee of 2.65%.
How to use your NatWest Credit Card
With your credit card you can do the following:
＊ Pay for goods and services and enjoy up to 56 days’ interest-free credit.
＊ Pay in over 24 million shops worldwide that display the Maestrocard or Visa logos.
＊ Collect one AIR MILE for every ￡20 of spending that appears on your statement(结算单).
(This does not include foreign currency or traveler’s cheques bought, interest and other charges.)
If you carry the Servicecard or the Cashcard, _______.

If you withdraw ￡200 from a cash machine abroad, you will be charged ______.

Which of the following is TRUE about using your NatWest Credit Card?

The purpose of the passage is to show you how to ______.

The global energy crisis is approaching. What can we do? Here are some steps you can take.
Cooling puts the greatest stress on your summer energy bill and the power grid(电网). Just as t tune-up for your car can improve your gas mileage, a yearly tune-up of your heating and cooling system can improve efficiency and comfort. Clean or replaces filters monthly or as needed.
For central air conditioning systems and room air conditioners, look for the ENERGY STAR, the federal government’s symbol for energy efficiency. For central air, purchase the system with the highest possible Seasonal Energy Efficiency Raton. (SEER)
Use energy-efficient ceiling fans either alone or with air conditioning. Ceiling fans do a great job of circulating air. When used with air conditioning, fans allow you to raise the thermostat(恒温器) and cut costs. Ceiling fans cool people, not rooms, so before you leave; turn off the ceiling fan.
Let a programmable thermostat! “remember for you” to automatically adjust the indoor climate with your daily and weekend patterns to reduce cooling bills by up to 10 percent. You can come home to a comfortable house without wasting energy and cresting pollution all day while you are at work.
Try to make your home airtight enough to increase your comfort, make your home quieter and cleaner and reduce your cooling costs up to 20 percent.
Gut your air conditioning load, and reduce pollution by planting planting leafy trees around your home and fixing reflective bricks on your roof.
Close blinds or shades on south-and west-facing windows during the day, or fix shading equipment to avoid heat build-up.
Turn off everything not in use: lights, TVs, computers. And use fluorescent bulbs(荧光灯), which provide bright, warm light while using at least two-thirds less energy, producing 70 percent less heat and lasting up to 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs(白炽灯).
Drive the car that gets better gas mileage whenever possible if you own more than one vehicle. If you drive 12,500 miles a year, switching 10 percent of your trips from a car that gets 20 mils per gallon to one that gets 30 mpg will save you more than ￡65 per year.
Carpool. The average U.S. commuter(乘车上班族) could save about ￡260 a year by sharing cars twice a week with two people in a car that gets 20.1 mpg---assuming the three passengers share the cost of gas.
According to the passage, the thermostat is used to ______.

We can conclude from the passage that the author probably discourages ______.

According to the passage, you can save fuel by ______.

This passage is mainly about ______.

A new study has found no evidence that sunscreen, commonly used to reduce the risk of skin cancer, actually increase the risk.
Researchers from the University of Iowa based their findings on a review of 18 earlier studies that looked at the association between sunscreen use and melanoma (黑素瘤). They said that they found flaws in studies that had reported associations between sunscreen use and higher risk of melanoma
Most health experts believe that by protecting the skin from the harmful effects of the sun, sunscreen helps prevent skin cancer, which is increasing in incidence (发生率) faster than any other cancer in the United States.
But questions has been raised about sunscreen and whether it may has opposite effect, perhaps by allowing people to remain exposed to the sun longer without burning.
The researchers said that among the problems with some earlier studies is that they often failed to take into account that those people most at risk for skin cancer--- people with fair skin and freckles (雀斑), for example--- are more likely to use sunscreen. As a result, it may appear that sunscreen users get cancer more often.
The studies, which generally relied on volunteers to recall their sunscreen use, were also unable to prove how well the products had been applied, said the new study.
72. The underlined word “flaws” in the 2nd paragraph most probably means ______.

73. People with fair skin and freckles          .

74. We can learn from the passage that ______.

75. Which of the following can be the title for this passage?

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的第一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√)；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：

此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏写符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：原行没有错的不要改。

Dear Ken,

--Can thoseat the back of the classroom hear me?

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The position of children in American family and society is no longer what is used to be. The1family in colonial(殖民时期的) North America was mainly concerned with survival and2that, its own economic prosperity. Thus, children were3in terms of their productivity(生产能力), and they played the role of producer quite early.4they fulfilled this role, their position in the family was one of subordination(附属).
With the5of the society, the position of children in the family and in the society became more important. In the complex and technological society6the United States has become, each7must fulfill a number of personal and occupational8and be in contact with many other member.9,viewing children as necessary members of society means that they are10more as people in their own right than as those of subordination. This acceptance of children as11participants in the family is reflected in various laws12the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs.
This new13of children and the frequent contact between the members of society has also14an increasing interest in child-raising techniques. People today spend much time15the proper way to16children.
Nowadays, the socialization of the child in the United States is a17transaction(事务) between parent and child18a one-way, parent-to-child training19. As a consequence, socializing children and20with them over a long period of time is for parents a mixture of pleasure, satisfaction, and problems.

阅读下面一则广告，按照要求完成写作任务。

[写作内容]
假设你是李华，这则广告引起了你的兴趣，请用英文写一封自荐信。要求如下：
对夏令营主题的理解；
根据招聘要求自我介绍；
参加夏令营的目的。
注意：1. 信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；
2.词数100左右。
Dear sir,
I'm Li Hua from Fujian.
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua

-How do you find your new classmates?
- Most of them are kind, butis so good to me as Bruce.

A great man shows his greatnessthe way he treats little man.

It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _____ be rather cold sometimes.

So far this year wea fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.

In spite of repeated wrongs done to him, he looks _____ to people greeting him.

_____ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.

Nancy enjoyed herself so much ______ she visited her friends in Sydney last year.

_____ a moment and I will go to your rescue.

- Who should be responsible for the accident?
- The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order.

By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ____ appeared a rare rainbow soon.

What’s the _____ of having a public open space where you can’t eat, drink or even simply hang out for a while?

You have no idea how she finished the relay race ____ her foot wounded so much.

– Would you like to join us in the game?
–_____, for I have something important to attend to.

in the qucue for half an hour ,the old man auddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.