上海市闸北区高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题

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Jack used to work in a garage for a full 10 years, so he fixed the broken engine ______ ease.

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Now on hand are two tough tasks for the newly-elected Chile(智利) president: one to help the country to recover from the earthquake, and ______ to invite more foreign aid.

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Because of the sharp drop of birth rate, the number of students sitting the college entrance exams ______ all the time

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. Kathryn Bigelow, director of “The Hurt Locker”, was the first female ______ the best director Oscar.

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______ miracle of the box office, “Avatar” brings back the peace and innocence to the heart of audience.

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The national debt of Greece has reached 20% of its GDP, ______ the actual breakdown of the country’s economy.

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Seriously injured in a match, David Beckham ______ lose the chance to show up at the 2010 South Africa World Cup.

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. The online exposure of the diary of a government official made the public realize the extent ______ the Internet affects the society.

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______ pressure the U.S. government put on the Chinese government, China would stick to its own policy of exchange rate.

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When Bill Gates decided to stop schooling and created Microsoft in 1975, he ______ law at Harvard University.

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______ online shopping has accounted for a large part of the total purchase volume, many people think the traditional shopping style is irreplaceable.

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You said that the current shortage of water in some provinces would end soon, ______?
A. would it     B. wouldn’t it D. did you      D. didn’t you

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According to a recent report, India is considering ______ the cheapest laptop computer which can be afforded by most of the people.

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The Winter Olympic champion Zhou Yang was _______ that her remarks after winning the gold medal caused criticism from some people.

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______ many French newspapers are eager to report is not their president’s political achievements but his private life.

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______ to hide the truth from the public, the quality problem of its computer was revealed.

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Section B.
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.  Each word can be used only once.  Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. protection     B. ties          C. dependence   D. relaxed    E. influenced
F. readily        G. abandoning   H. harmed      I. tightly      J. emotional
Many people, when they speak of home, tend to associate it with a certain physical surroundings and a certain ___41___ attitude.  This attitude toward home has come down to us from the past.
In the old days life was tough.  Enemies could attack you and you had little ___42___ against them.  People did not live in well-built houses where doors were locked.  They didn’t have an organized police force that could rush to their rescue instantly.  This unsafe situation ___43___ the way people felt about home.  Small family groups held to each other ___44___ for protection against animals and other men.  We can see this even in today’s minority groups who, because of a feeling of insecurity, still preserve close family ___45___.
Today, thanks to modern transportation and technologies, thousands of people willingly and ___46___ leave the place where they were born.  These people, especially the young, are ___47___ their parents’ homes to live their own life.  They have no ___48___ on their parents’ homes.  Home is just where they can shut the door and feel ___49___by themselves.  And the meaning of the word “home” has been somewhat changed by this activity.  To these people, home means a place where they can have privacy.

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III, Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.  Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The habit of reading is one of the greatest resources of mankind: we enjoy reading books that belong to us much more than if they are borrowed.  Some people regard a borrowed book as a ___50___ in the house.  It must be treated with care and considerate ___51___. Casual attitudes are forbidden.  Because the book is borrowed it tolerates no damage which means it must not suffer while ___52___.  While reading the book, you are not allowed to make any mark or underline the important ___53___ when a flash of creative idea emerge.  This is huge ___54___ to one’s imagination. 
___55___, your own books belong to you and you can treat them with so much closeness that you are not afraid to mark it up or to place it in a dirty place. Your own books are there for use, not for ___56___.  You don’t need to display them in front of others.  Private ownership also encourages ___57___ marking.  A good reason for marking instructive passages in books is that this practice enables you to remember more easily the significant sayings, to ___58___ them quickly and then review them more frequently in the future.
Given the importance of owned books to a man, everyone should begin collecting a private library, making up his own ___59___ property.  One should have his own bookshelves, which should not be having doors, glass windows, or keys.  They should be free and ___60___ to the hand as well as the eye.  Like the jewellery to a woman, the best moral ___61____ to a man is books.  They are more varied in colour and appearance than any wall-paper.  Their variety indicates ___62___ out of brains of different book writers.  The knowledge that books are in plain view is also stimulating.  Your body and mind are both ___63___.  With books at hand, your mind is free to land any ___64___ or even strange possibility, which eventually gives birth to new discoveries or inventions. 
50.   A. teacher              B. guest          C. relative             D. servant
51.   A. maintenance        B. resolution      C. formality           D. structure
52.   A. under your roof        B. on your behalf   C. beyond your reach     D. within your grasp
53.   A. trends             B. goals          C. definitions         D. points
54.   A. discipline          B. discouragement  C. relief             D. reminder
55.   A. On the other hand     B. In result        C. Meanwhile           D. Furthermore
56.   A. benefit                  B. profit         C. show              D. excuse
57.   A. meaningful         B. secondary      C. sufficient           D. tough
58.   A. stick to             B. refer to         C. devote to           D. adapt to
59. A. imaginative         B. economic      C. intellectual           D. public
60.   A. familiar            B. effective        C. flexible             D. accessible
61. A. decoration           B. truth         C. training             D. expense
62.   A. simplicity          B. creativity       C. experiment         D. life
63. A. conscious            B. calm          C. wild               D. excited
64.   A. purposeful         B. resourceful     C. fresh              D. memorable

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Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages.  Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.  For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.  Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
At the beginning of every school year, I feared coming home with the heavy homework of the first day after a summer of fun.  And I feared getting another teacher who had a long list of rules and a stare that could kill a cat.
But there was always one part of beginning a new school year that I enjoyed.  I always liked going to the store to arm myself with new school supplies-even if I didn’t need them.
Sure, my pencils, erasers and notebooks from the previous school year may have had some life left in them.  But this didn’t matter.  Every year, Dad would pile us into the car, take us to Wal-Mart and let us buy the newest and coolest pencils, rainbow-colored erasers and spiral notebooks.
Besides school supplies, many parents also take their kids on annual shopping spree for new clothes and book bags just in time for school.  During the whole process, children are in high spirits, buying a lot of stuff and are back home exhausted.
Every year, most of my classmates and I show up to school on the first day with something smelling like a new car.  We’d put our new stationery on top of the desks, just to make sure others see them.
Leftover supplies from past years were always stuffed into the living room desk.  Used clothes that had lost their appeal were sent to second-hand shops, where they would be sold for 50 cents a piece.
However, all of the new stuff could only make us excited about going to school for one week, after which the usual boredom and fear come back.
65. What is NOT TRUE about the author at the beginning of a new school year in the passage?
A. He often has to face a new teacher. 
B. He doesn’t enjoy the load of work from school.
C. He doesn’t appreciate strict teachers
D. He obtains new school supplies from the school.
66. Why do the students look forward to getting new pencils every year?
A. Because the old ones are used up.
B. Because new pencils help them to study better.
C. Because they want to show their new stuff off.
D. Because it’s required by the school.
67. The underlined word “spree” in the passage probably means ______.
A. competition              B. considerable embarrassment
C. wild celebration        D. emotional pain
68. How are the old supplies dealt with?
A. They are put aside and forgotten.     B. They are given to poorer children.
C. They are sold online. D. They are treasured by the students.

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69. Other than the four DJs, how many people will be going to explore the surprising side of Australia?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 6 D. 10
70. Timmy has just got married.  Which one of the adventure packages might he choose for his honeymoon?
A. Sydney      B. Melbourne  C. Queensland D. Tasmania
71. In which way are the winners expected by the organizer to tell about their adventures in Australia?
A. Contact the organizer through email.
B. Post a homemade video on YouTube.
C. Login to www.asiaone.com
D. Report your adventures on “live” radio.

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Besides relevant theories and keen logic, a scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior.  It’s vital for his credit as a qualified economist.   He must obtain numbers and material both on the resources of consumers and on the efforts that tend to encourage or discourage money spending.
If an economist were asked which of the three groups borrow most——people with rising incomes, stable incomes or declining incomes——he would probably answer: those with declining incomes.  Actually, in the past 5 years, the answer was: people with rising incomes.  This shows us that traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable.  Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will hurry to buy.  If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying.  But research surveys have shown that this is also not always the case.  Their expectations of price increases may not stimulate buying.  One typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices.  “In a few months,” she said, “we’ll have to pay more for meat and milk.  We’ll have less to spend on other things.”  Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase.  Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may be hated and buyer’s resistance may be caused.  This is shown by the following typical comment of the wife: “I just don’t pay these prices: they are too high.”
Traditional assumptions should be investigated carefully, and factors of time and place should be considered.  The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America.  Research conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, produced results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns.  The condition most beneficial to spending appears to be price stability.  If prices have been stable and people have become accustomed to considering the current prices “right”, they are likely to buy.  Thus, in a society of good economy which maintains consumer confidence, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices with occasional sales or discounts is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology.
72. According to the passage, it is essential for a successful economist to ______.
A. know about economic theories 
B. be capable of logical thinking
C. predict the latest national economy
D. to understand consumers’ spending habits
73. The example of the mechanic’s wife is intended to show that ______.
people tend to buy more when prices are expected to fall
people tend to buy less when prices are expected to fall
people tend to buy more when prices are expected to rise
people tend to buy less when prices are expected to rise
74. Findings in investigations in Britain show _____.
consumer behaviour may vary in different places
Britain and America share similar saving and spending patterns
Britain is important in economic research
occasional discounts and sales are important
75. According to the passage, what is most helpful in promoting spending?
A. Big discount.     .      B. Good consumer confidence.
C. Steady price.            D. Positive consumer psychology.

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Section C
Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph.  There is one extra heading which you do not need.(本题请涂在答题卡上)
(D)
A. Different types of surgery operation.
B. Room for future development.
C. Amazing advancement in today’s surgery.
D. Changes in surgery specialization.
E. Negative response from the patients.
F. The improved safety of today’s operation.

The need for a surgery operation, especially an emergency operation, almost always comes as a shock to the patient and his family.  Despite modern advances, most people still have an unreasonable fear of hospitals and operations.  Patients do not often believe they really need surgery-cutting into a part of the body as opposed to treatment with drugs.

In the early years of this century there was little specialization in surgery.  A good surgeon was capable of performing almost every operation that had been devised up to that time.  Today the situation is different.  Operations are now being carried out that were not even dreamed of 50 years ago. The heart can be safely opened and its valves repaired.  Blood vessels can be cleaned out, and broken ones mended or replaced.  Even part of the brain can be removed and still permit the patient to live.  However, not one surgeon is qualified to perform every type of the modern operation.

    The scope of surgery has increased remarkably.  Its safety has increased too.  Deaths from most operations are about 20% of what they were in 1910.  And due to the high success rate of operations nowadays, the hospital stay after surgery has been shortened to as little as a week for most major operations.  Most patients are out of bed on the day after the operation and may be back at work in two or three weeks.

    Many developments in modern surgery are almost incredible.  They include the replacement of damaged blood vessels with simulated ones made of plastic; the replacement of heart valves, the transplanting of tissues such as the lens of the eye and the lung machined to keep patients alive during long operations. All these things open a hopeful vista for the future of surgery.

However, still large is the gap between our dream for the future and current technology.  “Spare parts” surgery, the simple routine replacement of all worn-out organs by new ones, is still a dream of the distant future.  As yet, surgery is not ready for such miracles.  In the meantime, you can be happy if your doctor says to you, “yes, I think it is possible to operate on you for this condition.”

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Section D
Directions: Read the passage carefully.  Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
(E)
In many corners of the world, mass malnutrition is a deadly threat to people’s life.  It is plainly defined as a state of insufficiency of food for the population, where the majority of the people do not obtain enough food calories (卡路里) to meet the lowest needs for support of physical work and for maintenance of health.  Compared with wars or natural disasters like earthquake or flood, mass malnutrition is rather an unnoticeable health killer, which escapes enough public attention.
In Latin America, as in other places, the frightening protein-shortage disease kwashiorkor has been said to take toll of thousands of children, greatly affecting the area’s child population and leaves many more children in terribly poor health.  The reason for the problem might lie in the traditional diets in the area which are not balanced in nutrition.  Here people keep their eating pattern year after year without the knowledge of what these eating habits are doing to themselves and to future generations.
In these poor areas, in stead of thoroughly altering the local people’s long-term habits, the best way might be to find food substitutes which could meet nutritional needs.  Mixtures of vegetable proteins, like soybeans and peanuts could provide cheap and useful protein where meat, eggs and milk are not within economic reach of large groups in population.
Efforts could also be made to increase the agricultural productivity in some areas, where mass production of vegetable protein crops could bring life-saving nutrition to local people.  Being used wrongly, large areas of land now are devoted to luxurious entertainment constructions, such as golf course or riding field, which are targeted at a small number of rich people.  But isn’t a large area of productive planting land more acceptable and down-to-earth a choice to these countries suffering from mass malnutrition right now?
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10  WORDS）
81. What is mass malnutrition?
___________________________________________________________________________
82. What does the underlined word “take toll of” probably mean?
___________________________________________________________________________
83. People can most effectively solve the mass malnutrition problem in some developing areas by ___________________________________________________________________________
84. It would be wise to use large areas of planting land for____________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

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Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1.她勇敢的行为值得表扬。（worth）
___________________________________________________________________________
2.Jack向老师保证不再未经允许使用学校电脑。（assure）
___________________________________________________________________________
3.那里的服务无懈可击，还免费出借雨伞。（borrow）
___________________________________________________________________________
4.现在常常开车的人会发现越来越难找地方停车。（find）
___________________________________________________________________________
5.他们咨询了许多学生，然后才决定用已故总统的名字来命名新建的图书馆（before）
___________________________________________________________________________

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Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions.
假设你是Li Ming。你班将创建班级网页（class webpage），公开招募本班学生负责网页的电脑工作（computer work），版面设计（design work）和写作任务（writing work）。请你给班主任写一封信，申请其中的一项职务。文中必须包括：
1. 你申请此职务的理由
2. 你的打算或做法
（注：文中不得出现姓名，班级等任何真实信息）