高中英语任务型阅读试题

What do you usually use your cellphone for? Calling friends or sending them text messages?
As technology develops，nowadays cellphones can do much more than that．They have become all-in-one cell-phones.
A typical example is Apple’s phone.The touch-screen cellphone plays music，connects to the Web，sends emails and takes photos. More than 1 million Apple’s phones have been sold since it was sold in June.
“Today’s young people enjoy using all kinds of digital functions，such as those of a music player，a camera and even a computer. An all-in-one cellphone is easy to carry. That is the goal of developing a technology to make our lives more convenient，simple and relaxed，said Professor Ding Shouqian at Nankai University．
However, the all-in-one cellphones come with some problems. Users have complained that they are too complicated to use them, and that their battery life is too short. Cellphone producers say that they are working hard to make their phones even better.
It is very convenient to use it. “We are trying to make the cellphones in a way that people can quickly move from phoning to taking pictures to listening to music, said Alastair Curtis, Nokia’s chief designer.“If you look at the Nokia 3250 model, it has a twisting(转动) bottom. So you twist it half a turn，and it’s in camera mode. You twist it another 90 degrees, and it’s in music player mode．”Japanese companies such as Toshiba and Fujitsu are also working to develop a new kind of battery for cellphones．
If all the problems are solved in the future, all-in-one phones will change our lives for the better.

Title:	Situation	With the    technology, nowadays cellphones can do much more than that.
Functions	◆It plays music. ◆It is      to the Web. ◆It can send e-mails and take photos. ◆It can even be used as        .
	◆The cellphones are       carried. ◆The cellphone is designed to bring people much more       , simplicity and relaxation.
Problem	◆They are too complicated to use. ◆Their battery life is short.
	◆To make it easy and      to move from one mode to another ◆The companies make better batteries that last      than those at present.

Joseph Pulitzer (April 10, 1847---October 29, 1911) was a Hungarian-American publisher best known for establishing the Pulitzer Prizes after death.
Pulitzer was born in Mako, Hungary. At 17, Pulitzer attempted to join the Austrian army, but was turned down due to age, bad health and poor eyesight. Disappointed but still with hope, he traveled first to Paris and then to London, hoping to join the army there. And he was rejected for the same reasons. Finally, he moved to the United States in 1864 and served in the Lincoln Army when he was just 18 until the end of the American Civil War. After the war he settled in St. Louis, Missouri, where in 1868 he started working as a reporter for a German-language daily newspaper, the Westliche Post. He joined the Republican Party and was elected to the Missouri State Assembly in 1869.
In 1872. Pulitzer bought the Westliche Post for $3, 000. Then, in 1879, he bought the St. Louis Dispatch for $2, 700 and merged (合并) the two papers as the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, which remained St. Louis’ daily newspaper. He bought the New York World in 1883, which turned out to be a successful decision, and which made Pulitzer wealthy. In 1885, he was elected to the US House of Representatives, but resigned after a few months’ service. In 1895 the New York World introduced the first newspaper comic printed with colour. Under Pulitzer’s leadership circulation (发行量) grew from 15, 000 to 600, 000, making it the largest newspaper in the country. But unfortunately from 1890, Pulitzer’s already failing health worsened rapidly and he withdrew from direct management of the newspaper, and simply gave some instructions from his vacation houses in Maine or in New York. At the age of forty, he was struck blind, but he still continued to run his press empire for twenty-two more years.
In 1892, Pulitzer offered Columbia University’s president money to set up the world’s first school of journalism. But the university turned down the offer. In 1902, Columbia’s new president willingly accepted the plan for a school and prizes, but it would not be until after Pulitzer’s death that this dream would come true. Pulitzer left the university $2 million in his will, which led to the creation in 1912 of the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. And up till now, Columbia’s Graduate School of Journalism still remains one of the most famous in the world.
Joseph Pulitzer died aboard his sailing boat in 1911. He was buried in the Woodlawn Cemetery in The Bronx, New York. In 1917, the first Pulitzer Prizes were awarded, as Pulitzer wished to.
In 1989, in honor of his great achievements and contributions, Pulitzer was included in the St. Louis Walk of Fame.
Title：A biography of a famous person

Name	Joseph Pulitzer	Dates of birth and death	April 10,1847—October 29,1911
Birth place	Mako, Hungary	(71)       place	the Woodlawn Cemetery, The Bronx, NY
(72)	Hungarian- American	Profession	reporter, publisher
Life (73)	Military career ★ at 17, made several(74)      to join the army, but failed for his age, bad health and poor eyesight ★ at 18, eventually served in the Lincoln’s Army in the USA
Newspaper career ★  in 1868, began working as a reporter for the Westliche Post, a daily newspaper ★  from 1872 to 1883, succeeded in (75)      three newspapers ★  in 1 895, introduced the first newspaper comic printed with color ★  from 1890, managed the newspaper (76)      for health reason
(77)        career ★ joined the Republican Party and in 1869 was elected to the Missouri State Assembly ★ in 1885,was elected to the US House of Representatives, but (78)   for only a short time
Achievements & contributions	★ made the New York World the largest newspaper in the country, with its circulation growing from 15,000 to 600,000 ★  in 1912, helped to (79)      the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism, which remains one of the most famous in the world ★ established the Pulitzer Prizes through his will
(80)	★ In 1989, he was included in the St. Louis Walk of Fame

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Disability aids are vital to those who suffer problems with executing work with two hands. These are people who have been disabled due to some major sickness or some other problems. In order to help them carry on their work in the normal way, disability aids are manufactured. This helps them make their life a lot easier than what it would have been without these aids. The kind of disability aids that an individual might require depends on the person only. It is the problem that a person faces that decides the aids that he/she will use for carrying out their respective jobs. The following is the list of a few disability aids that come of significant use.
The first and foremost aid is the stocking aid, aiding the individuals suffering from the problem of bending down to reach the foot and wear their own socks. These stocking aids have a gutter(槽) that is made up of plastic material. These gutters are shaped in a certain way along with the attachment of cotton tapes in it. The sock is then put over the gutter. The foot is placed inside the gutter. The cotton tapes help in pulling the socks up the leg and subsequently the sock. In this manner, the sock is worn by a person who has problems wearing it by bending one’s back and reaching the foot.
There are openers that help the people who have problems with their hands or wrists to open bottles of ketchup, jam and other such bottles and jars that necessitates the use of hands and fingers.
The third type of disability aids that comes to our minds are lifts. Now what are lifts? Lifts are certain machines that help in lifting people from specific areas, such as a bathtub or a set of stairs. These lifts are of varied types and come for numerous applications. It is for the individual to decide the type that he/she requires to use.
For people, who have problems in balancing their upper bodies in a stable manner, there is something known as grab rails(扶手). These grab rails are installed for those who have mobility problems in their upper bodies. These rails come in varieties of shapes, sizes and angles. These grab rails are available to home users as well, in their different variations. One can purchase and fix one to their homes according to one’s specificities. These grab rails require the act of screwing and drilling in order to fix them to their appropriate place. The prices of these rails also vary according to the variation of their shapes and sizes.
A portable book holder is a much sought-after disability aid. It can be used by anybody for that matter, not just the disabled. These portable book holders are light-weight and can be easily moved about. These holders relieve the strains on one’s hands, necks and shoulders that might occur due to the handling of a book. The holders are provided with extended legs that help in placing the reading material at suitable distance.
Thus with the help of these disability aids, the old and disabled people can make their lives much more convenient and comfortable that would otherwise have been a cumbersome and complex one.
Disability Aids

Theme	Disability aids are of great   to those who are disabled as a result of some major sickness or other problems.
Different     of aids	Stocking aids	Help the individuals who have problems   down to reach their feet to put on socks by themselves.
Openers	Aid the disabled to open the bottles of ketchup when they can’t take   of their hands or wrists.
Lifts	Assist in lifting people from   areas with varied types of lifts, which are  numerously.
Grab rails	Help those having mobility problems in their upper bodies to keep their   in a stable manner.
Book holders	Help to make the strains on one’s hands , necks and shoulders   when people are reading.
	  to these disability aids, the life of the old and disabled will become more convenient and comfortable.

[1] At some point in your life you are bound to be required to give a speech. But are you capable of having the effect on an audience that you want to have? Here are some things to keep in mind.     
[2] You may think it's good to create an informal effect, or even that it' s cool to use filler words (填充词) such as “like” and “you know”. But in reality, these words add nothing, and create the danger of making you sound foolish and uninformed.
[3] Pauses can be of significant help in adding depth to your speech, but only when they are used at the right moments. Pausing suddenly and with a panicked look will just make your audience uneasy. Also, a very long silence is the last thing you need. Make sure that your pauses are nicely placed if you want to sound like a speaker who has absolute control of what he is talking about.
[4] You also need to be careful when you switch to a new idea during the course of a speech. Often speakers ________transition words such as “well”, “so”, and so on, when they move on to new ideas. My advice, however, is to avoid such words and to try to think of a way of making a transition that is unique to the topic of your speech.
[5] Finally, avoid “umming” and “ahhing” the way many people do when they give speeches. You want to sound confident and assured, and the way not to do so is to put an “urn” or an “ah” in the middle of every sentence.
What is the text mainly about? (No more than 8 words)
_________________________________________________________________________
Complete the following statement with proper words. (No more than 4 words)
It's careful to switch to ________________________ when you give a speech.
Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (No more than 3 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
Why does the author say it' s not good to use filler words? (No more than 12 words)
______________________________________________________________________
What does the word "they" (paragraph 3) probably refer to? (No more than 2 words)
_________________________________________________________________________

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How to Survive Embarrassing Moments
Have you ever done something embarrassing? At that moment, you probably wished you could disappear into thin air. Unfortunately, embarrassing things happen to everyone at one time or another. The good news? You can keep the damage to the minimum. Here's some help.
Laugh it off
You're staring at your crush (意中人) so hard that you walk into a wall. You trip over your own feet and drop all your books. The best thing you can do? As long as you're not seriously hurt, laugh it off. Say like "Hey, I can teach you to do that if you want to!" or "It took me years to learn that!" By laughing at yourself, you show people you're confident and still in control of the situation. That's bound to make a stronger impression than the fact that you dropped a stack of books.
Move on
Some situations are too personal to laugh off. Your underwear falls out of your backpack. Your bathing suit falls off in the pool. You pass gas while giving a presentation. Making a joke would just call more attention to what happened — and that's the last thing you want. What now? You can just pretend nothing happened and go back to what you were doing, or you can acknowledge it with a "Oh, that was awkward" and then move on.
If there's a joker who thinks it's a good idea to point out how badly you just embarrassed yourself, fix him with a glare and then go back to whatever you were doing. Tell yourself he's a little bug on the ground, not even worth thinking about. Remind yourself that it's over, done. Move on.
Apologize and move on
Some embarrassing situations pack a double punch. Not only do you embarrass yourself, but you make someone else feel bad. You say to a friend that another friend is such a copycat, and then realize the copycat is standing right behind you. You imitate your teacher's unusual accent just as the teacher walks in. Now you're embarrassed and they're mad or hurt.
Making a joke now would make the situation even worse, so don't go there. Although you might feel like running away or even crying, neither of those responses will make you look better. Instead, apologize, "I'm so sorry. That was really mean of me."
If you've been disrespectful to a teacher or a parent, accept whatever consequences without complaint. If you've hurt a friend, do your best to make it up to them. Once you've done all you can to make things right again, move on. If someone else brings it up, just say, "I feel bad enough about that —can we just let it go, please?"
The next time you're stuck in an embarrassing moment, remind yourself that you're a strong person and you can get through this. Stay calm and act confident and the moment will pass.

Topic	It is true that we cannot ______ getting embarrassed.
_____ on how to keep the damage to the minimum	Laugh it off	Laugh it off _____ you are seriously hurt. Laughing at yourself helps show your _____, which will make a deeper impression than your embarrassment.
Move on	In some embarrassing situations, you can just move on after _____ it with a “Oh, that was awkward.” If someone points out your embarrassment and laugh at you, _____ at him and continue what you are doing. Tell yourself that those who laugh at you are not _____ of your consideration.
Make an _____ and then move on	If you show _____ for teachers or parents, face consequences rather than _____. Make things right again and move on. If someone else mentions your mistake, tell him that you hope to let it go.
Conclusion	Stay calm and act confident and you’ll survive embarrassment.

Each summer, you hear news about a sports player being rushed to the hospital or passing out because the heat was just too much. If you follow some basic safety tips, you’ll be safe and happy playing outside for years to come.
Drinking water is crucial to your health in the heat. This is the first thing that everyone says when it is hot outside. You should not drink soda, coffee, or iced tea when you’re playing outside, and for a few hours after you get inside too.
Be sure to take enough breaks to let your body rest. If you feel that your coach don’t let you take enough breaks in the heat, don’t wait until you feel awful to march to the sidelines. Once you feel bad, it’s usually too late. Just be honest with your coach when you need breaks. He’ll understand.
When you do have a break, don’t sit in the sun. With the sun beating down on you, you’ll only heat up and sweat more. Try to grab a seat in the shade under a tree, or even better, go indoors for a little while. Cooling yourself down can help you stay active longer.
The signs of dehydration（脱水）can be tough to recognize. They include a dry or sticky mouth, dry skin, a headache, and dizziness（头晕）. You might not always feel thirsty, so watch out for the signs of dehydration, and get yourself into the shade and get some water before it gets worse.
The earlier in the day you start your workout or practice, the cooler it will be. If you can start practice before the sun comes up, you have a few good hours to practice in the cool hours of the morning. Also, the earlier you practice, the earlier you can be done, which gives you some good recovery time when the heat gets bad in the afternoon. If you need more practice time, a good idea is to take a break when the heat is bad and come back to the field later in the evening, when the sun is setting.
As long as you pay attention to the above, playing sports safely in the heat isn’t a difficult thing.
Title: Some safety tips while playing sports in the heat

Drinking water in time	●Drinking water is crucial and necessary when you play outside. ●Some drinks are not   for your body when you’re playing outside and for a few hours after you get inside.
Taking enough breaks	●Breaks canyour body. ●Take a rest before it is too late. ●Take a break in the shade or go   to cool yourself down.
dehydration	●   of dehydration: a dry or sticky mouth, dry skin, a headache and dizziness. ●Get into the  and get some water before it gets worse.
Choosing hours for your practice	●Practice before   , so you canbetter in the afternoon. ●Do extra exercise in the evening with the sun   .

Teamwork is just as important in science as it is on the playing field or in the gym. Scientific investigations (调查) are almost always carried out by teams of people working together. Ideas are shared, experiments are designed, data are analyzed, and results are evaluated and shared with other investigators. Group work is necessary, and is usually more productive than working alone.
Several times throughout the year you may be asked to work with one or more of your classmates. Whatever the task your group is assigned, a few rules need to be followed to ensure a productive and successful experience.
What comes first is to keep an open mind, because everyone’s ideas deserve consideration and each group member can make his or her own contribution. Secondly, it makes a job easier to divide the group task among all group members. Choose a role on the team that is best suited to your particular strengths. Thirdly, always work together, take turns, and encourage each other by listening, clarifying, and trusting one another. Mutual （相互的）support and trust often makes a great difference.
Activities like investigations are most effective when done by small groups. Here are some more suggestions for effective team performance during these activities: Make sure each group member understands and agrees to the task given to him or her, and everyone knows exactly when , why and what to do; take turns doing various tasks during similar and repeated activities; be aware of where other group members are and what they are doing so as to ensure safety; be responsible for your own learning, though it is by no means unwise to compare your observations with those of other group members.
When there is research to be done, divide the topic into several areas, and this can explore the issue in a very detailed way. You are encouraged to keep records of the sources used by each person, which helps you trace back to the origin of the problems that may happen unexpectedly. A format for exchanging information (e.g., photocopies of notes , oral discussion, etc.) is also important, for a well-chosen method not only strengthens what you present but also makes yourself easily understood. When the time comes to make a decision and take a position on an issue, allow for the contributions of each member of the group. Most important of all, it is always wise to make decisions by compromise and agreement.
After you’ve completed a task with your team, make an evaluation of the team’s effectiveness — the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and challenges.

Title	Working Together
Theme	Effective performance needs highly cooperated __________.
General rules	Keep an open mind to everyone’s_________. Divide the group task among group members. __________ and trust each other.
______	● Understand and agree to the _________ task of one’s own. ● Take turns doing various tasks. ● Show concern for others to ensure safety. ● Take__________ for one’s own learning. ● Compare your own observations with those of others.
Explore an issue	● Break the_______ into several areas. ● _________the sources just in case. ● __________ your information with others via proper format. ● Make all decisions by compromise and agreement.
______ effectiveness	● Analyze the strengths and weaknesses. ● Find out the opportunities and challenges

Are we too quick to blame and slow to praise? It seems that while most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow unwilling to give others the warm sunshine of praise.
It’s strange how mean we are about praising. Perhaps it’s because few of us know how to accept praise gracefully . Instead , we are embarrassed and ignore the words we are really so glad to hear. Because of this defensive reaction, direct praise is surprisingly difficult to give.
Do you ever go into a house and say, “ What a tidy room!” Hardly anybody does. That’s why housework is considered such a boring job. Shakespeare said, “ Our praises are our wages.” Since so often praise is the only wage a housewife receives, surely she is worthy of praise.
Mothers know naturally that for children an ounce of praise is worth a pound of scolding. Still, we are unaware of children’s small achievements and we seldom apply the rule. One day I was criticizing my children for quarrelling. “Can you never play peacefully?” I shouted. Susanna looked at me confused. “ Of course I can,” she said. “But you don’t notice us when we do.”
Teachers agree about the value of praise. “ I believe that a student knows when he has handed in something above his usual standard,” writes a teacher, “ and that he is hungry for a belief comment in the margin to show him that the teacher is aware of it, too.”
Behavioral scientists have done countless experiments to prove that people have a tendency to repeat an act which has been immediately followed by a pleasant result. In one such experiment, a number of schoolchildren were divided into three groups and given arithmetic tests daily for five days. One group was constantly praised for its previous performance; another group was criticized; the third was ignored. Not surprisingly, those who were praised improved dramatically. Those who were criticized improved ,too, but not so much. And the scores of the children who were ignored hardly improved at all. Interestingly, the brightest children were helped just as much by criticism as by praise, but the less able children, who reacted badly to criticism, needed praise the most.
To give praise costs the giver nothing but a moment’s thought and a moment’s effort—perhaps a quick phone call to pass on good comments , or write an appreciative letter. It is such a small investment—and yet consider the results it may produce. We will not only bring joy into other people’s lives, but also, very often, added happiness into our room.” I can live for two months on a good compliment.” said Mark Twain.
Title : Profits of Praise

Theme	Compared with__________ , praise should be valued and appreciated more.
Reasons for unwillingness to give praise	We feel embarrassed and ignore the words pleasant to our ears_______ than accept them gracefully. We have ________ giving direct praise because of our so-called defensive reaction.
Importance of praise in some cases	A housewife _______ to be praised for her sacrifices and devotion . A mother is supposed to be aware of their children’s small achievements and ______ the rule of giving praise. A student waits ________ for a good comment from his teacher when he hands in his homework above his usual standard.
Findings of experiments on profits of praise	Everybody_______ to repeat an act if praised more often. Those who receive constant praise have made dramatic improvement. Unlike brilliant children, less able children ______ badly to criticism desperately need praise.
_______________	It pays to make a moment’s ________ to pass on praise, for it brings added joy and happiness to our lives as well as others’.

阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
[1] Parents and educators battle over how much homework kids should have, and how often they should have it. This past school year, my eldest daughter's teacher did not assign too much homework, and often gave the kids extra time during class to get it done. Meanwhile, my daughter's dear friend — who attends the same school and is in the same grade — struggled nightly with her lengthy homework assignments. She had work to do every night, extra projects to complete, and assignments to complete over holiday break.
[2] So which was the lucky kid? Some might argue that my child was — she had more time to play, and spent less time stressing over assignments. Others might feel that my child was missing out on a key element of her education by not having what she was learning during the school day reinforced.
[3] To be honest, I'm not really sure which camp I'm in, but it's debates like this one that have sparked a homework revolution between parents and schools all over the country. A New York Times article reported that the school district in Galloway, N.J., is considering a proposal to limit weeknight homework to 10 minutes for each year of school — 20 minutes for second-graders, 30 minutes for third-graders, etc. — and ban assignments on weekends, holidays and school vacations. The school district in Pleasanton, Calif., is looking at a similar proposal. __________, other schools around the country are introducing homework-free holidays, no-homework nights, and goal-work — instead of homework — that can be completed throughout the school day.
[4] Most of these changes are in response to annoyed parents who see lengthy homework assignments competing with what little family time they have each day. The documentary "Race To Nowhere" spurred（激起）more debate by highlighting the unnecessary pressure on kids in today's educational system.
What is the text mainly about? (no more than 8 words)
What sparked a homework revolution among parents and schools all over the country according to Paragraph 3? (no more than 5 words)
Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)
What’s the parents’ attitude towards too much homework according to the last paragraph? (no more than 4 words)
What does the underlined word (Line 3, Paragraph 1) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)

Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
The tasty cream-filled golden sponge(海绵) cakes have been an American favorite for decades. These are just a few of the sugary treats made by the beloved Hostess brand. But after more than 80 years, Americans have to say goodbye to these iconic (标志性的) desserts. Early last week, Hostess announced it is going out of business.
"Many people have worked unbelievably long and hard to keep this from happening," said Hostess CEO Gregory F. Rayburn. "Hostess Brand has no other alternative than to begin the process of getting down and preparing for the sale of our iconic brands." Along with Twinkles (奶油蛋糕) and Wonder Bread, cupcakes and other sugary treats may disappear from the shelves.
In the past decade, Hostess has experienced difficulties with its management and high labor costs. The company had money troubles in the past, but this time there was no way to recover. Along with the loss of sugary treats comes the loss of nearly 20,000 jobs. Hostess fans hope that another company will buy out the Hostess.
The downfall of Hostess is due not just to the company's financial problems, but also to a changing America. Our country's tastes and lifestyles are not the same as they were eighty years ago. Americans have become more health-conscious, and they are demanding more healthful food products. As a manufacturer of high-calorie products, Hostess does not fit into this new way of life.
To make matters worse for Hostess, Americans do not eat as much bread as they once did. "More and more people are choosing one-dish meals," said Harry Balzar. "The tradition of bread as a side dish is going out." Americans are finding alternatives to their morning toast too. Instead they’re choosing quick snacks like yogurt and energy bars.
Will Twinkles become an image of a bygone(过去的) America? Hostess fans hope that it will secure its spot on supermarket shelves for years to come. We can only wait. And maybe eat fruit for dessert instead.
What caused Hostess to be in trouble in the last 10 years? (no more than 7 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
Can you list three disappearing sugary desserts by Hostess? (no more than 5 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
What makes Hostess's situation more severe? (no more than 9 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
What's the hope of Hostess fans about this spongy snack's future? (no more than 20 words)
_____________________________________________________________________

Criticism (批评) is everywhere in life. It is up to you to decide how to react to it. Learn how to deal with criticism and lead a happier and more relaxing life.
Ask yourself how the criticism will affect you. Will you lose your job because of the criticism? Will you lose what is important to you because you are criticized? Will life stop existing if your opinions are not accepted? Surely not! So, don’t worry about it. Instead, remember that some criticism actually helps you make some improvements.
You absolutely cannot stop what people say. What you can do, however, is to change the way you react to criticism. If you let it upset you, then the blame is on you. You have the right to decide what to do with the criticism you receive.
Don’t be afraid to accept criticism. No one likes to be told that he is wrong. Yet, every single person has, at one time or another, been blamed for something. Realize that it’s normal. You may have received some strong criticism, but it doesn’t mean that you are foolish, or that you don’t have the ability to do something properly. If you are afraid to put your work out for others to see, you’ll never know if you are a capable person. Try not to think of it in that way and don’t take it seriously. If you can learn to be optimistic, you will remove some stress and nervousness about what people think, thus becoming happier.
Consider where the criticism comes from. It may help you step back and examine what causes the criticism. Is the critic just trying to offer constructive criticism? It is much easier to accept correction or guidance from someone that has good intentions. This type of criticism is known as valid criticism, because there is a valid point or reason to it. On the other hand, there are critics that offer their advice just to be negative. This is commonly referred to as invalid criticism because it is often not of any use at all.
Do your best. And if someone doesn’t like what you’ve done, so what? It’s either valid criticism or invalid criticism. But you have the power to decide how you will allow it to affect you.
Title: How to deal with criticism

The author’s opinion about criticism	Criticism is a (n) _____ part of life and it is up to you to decide your reaction to it.
______of dealing with criticism	●Understand the_____that criticism has on you: 1) Some criticism won’t make a difference to you, so don’t feel _____ about it. 2) Some criticism can help you_____. ●Change the way you respond to criticism and try not to be upset about it. ●Accept criticism _____ :Receiving criticism doesn’t mean you are stupid or you are_____ to do things. ●Be optimistic about criticism and you will become less stressed or _____. ●Think about the _____for criticism: It may be valid criticism or invalid criticism.
_______	Take criticism as it is and remember you decide how you respond to it.

请认真阅读下列短文, 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意: 每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。
The Internet company Google is testing its newest high-tech device, Google Glass. The company describes the glasses as wearable computers that would change the way people view others and the world.
The glasses can make and receive calls, send and receive texts, take pictures, record video or search the web. You control Google Glass using your voice, and a touchpad on the right arm of the frame.
Professor Marcia Dawkins is among a select group of people who have been given a chance to test out Google Glass."I thought this is something I definitely need for my classroom and hopefully for my personal life too."
The Professor's Google Glass looks like a bright orange glasses, without the actual glass. But there's a tiny rectangular glass at the top right-hand corner. Through that glass, she has been recording video while biking. She also has been able to talk to her sister in Thailand, and she plans to use the device to teach a public speaking class.
But not everyone is excited about Google Glass. Some are concerned about possible risks to privacy. John Simpson is the director of the privacy project at Consumer Watchdog."It is essentially going to allow people to come in and spy on you and record that, without you knowing what is going on."
Google says that it has already addressed that concern. Mr Dale explained that in order to start the camera or record a video, the owner must say something out loud. "I activate the device, and say 'Okay, glass, take a picture.' Similarly, I have to push a little button on the top here so everybody around me will know a picture is being taken and a video is being recorded."
But Filmmaker Chris Barrett showed just how easy it is to record people without them knowing it. His glass captured a man getting arrested after a fight. He shared the video on YouTube.
Also some are concerned about the use of facial recognition technology on Google Glass. But Google says it will not approve the use of such applications. The Internet company says it is still testing its new device, and it hopes to make Google Glass available to the public by early next year.
Google Glass Raises Privacy Concerns

Introduction of Google Glass	Appearance	like real glasses, but glassless, with a tiny rectangular glass at the top right-hand corner to _______video
_______	make and receive calls, send and receive texts, take pictures, record video or search the web
Different attitudes towards Google Glass	Approving	Marcia Dawkins: It is not only ________in teaching but also in her personal life
_______	The potential risk of exposing privacy ●John Simpson: Allow people ________glasses to record and spy on you without you knowing it. ●Mr Dale: Speak loud to activate the device so that the people around will know what he is doing. ●Chris Barrett: Record people while they are not ______ of it. The abuse of facial recognition technology on Google Glass
Google’s ______	●The abuse of facial recognition technology will not be ________. ●Google Glass is still under __________. ●It is hoped that Google Glass will come onto the ________ by early next year.

There are many people who are interested in knowing how to become a better person in life. Though there’re many people who can guide you to becoming a better person, you can become one only if you’re eager enough to bring about a change in yourself.
If you wish to learn to become a better person, then you should first of all learn to recognize your mistakes. Think of what are those things which you do in your day-to-day life and aren’t liked by other people around you. Then analyze(分析)them and try to avoid them as far as possible. However, you should be very patient and brave to change yourself.
Then you should also apologize for your past mistakes. If you don’t apologize, then you’ll always be ridiculed(奚落) in the society for being a person who is badly-behaved. By apologizing to those whom you’ve hurt, you can hope to get a second chance from them to prove that you’re as good as the others.
Forgetting the past misbehavior and thinking about the present and the future is one of the best ways to become a better person. This is because it’s impossible for you to change the past. Start your life again and make sure to go on the path of honesty. You can keep a personal diary in which you can write the dos and don’ts for yourself.
Having a role model is also very important. A role model is someone you respect. You should study the thoughts and sayings of these great people and try to understand what they actually mean. Read informative books on these people and this will definitely change the way you think and look at the things. However, just reading about the great people won’t help you. You’ll have to practically carry out their thoughts to earn respect for yourself in the society.
So actually becoming a better person isn’t difficult.  

Title	How to become a better person
_______on becoming a better person	Recognizing your mistakes.	●Think of your daily performance others dislike. ●Analyze them and try to _______ them. ●Need a lot of patience and _______ to change yourself.
Making an ______for your past mistakes.	●To avoid being ridiculed for being a person with bad ______. ●To prove you are as good as the others.
Forgetting the past and ______ of the present and the future.	●Be_____ in your future life. ●Write the dos and don’ts for yourself in your dairy.
Having role models.	●Study the great people’s thoughts and sayings to understand their actual_____. ●Read informative books on them to change your way of thinking and viewing. ●______ out their thoughts to earn respect for yourself.
______	It’s not difficult to become a better person.

Today, February twenty-ninth, is leap day(闰日). This date only appears on the calendar once every four years. But why?
Everyone knows the Earth takes three hundred sixty-five days to travel around the sun. Well, that is not exactly correct. The Earth really takes three hundred sixty-five days, five hours, forty-eight minutes and forty-six seconds to complete its orbit around the sun.
The problem for people developing calendars was what to do with the extra five hours, forty-eight minutes and forty-six seconds.
People needed calendars to help them know when to plant crops and when to celebrate religious holidays. The ancient Greeks and Chinese had a solution. They produced calendars that included extra months every nineteen years.
The ancient Romans had a different solution. In the year forty-six, the Roman ruler Julius Caesar made a new calendar. The Julian calendar included an extra day every four years. But there was a problem. The Julian year was just over eleven minutes longer than the cycle of the seasons. In 1582, Pope Gregory the Thirteenth established a new calendar to keep a better recorder of the days. Pole Gregory was the religious leader of most of Europe. He decided that years that could be divided by four would add a day. However, years that ended in two zeros and that could not be evenly divided by four hundred would not be leap years. For example, the years 1700, 1800and 1900 were not leap years. But the years 1600 and 2000 were leap years
So leap years are years with three hundred sixty –six days , instead of the usual three hundred sixty –five.This extra days is added to the calendar on February twenty –ninth , sometimes known as leap day .People born on leap day may be called “leapings ”.They usually celebrate their birthday on February twenty –eight or March first .
Title:        

Reasons	The Earth really takes 356days, 5hours,48minutes and 46seconds to complete its orbit around the sun.
_____is needed to benefit people’s daily life and work
______	How to deal with the extra 5hours,48minutes and 46seconds
________	_______	Ways
Ancient Greeks and Chinese	Producing   ___every 19years
________	Producing an extra day___
The Pop Gregory VIII	Producing a leap day if the year could be divided _____.No leap day when the year ended in two zeros but could not be divided by 400.
Result	Leap day ______and February twenty –ninth was added to the calendar

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）
How do you get to school every day? By bike, bus or car? In Chongqing, there will be 3,000 new school buses on the street by the end of this year. These school buses look just like tlic American school buses: yellow with a big nose.
In February 2010, the Chinese government announced the first standards (标淮）for school bus safety. Since then, more yellow school buses can be seen on the street.
In China, besides the bus driver, there should be an adult on the school bus to watch the students. If there are more than 40 students, two adults are needed. The students usually rest or read books on the school bus.
In America, yellow school buses are very popular. There are about 480,000 school buses in the country. The older kids sit in the back of the bus. The younger kids sit in the front. They usually listen to music, talk on their phones or just sleep. The only adult on the bus is the driver.
The school bus is important in students’ everyday lives. It can keep children safe. Usually a child is much safer going to school by school bus than any other way. It can also help the environment. A school bus saves a lot of gas (汽油）because it can carry a lot of people.
What color are the new school buses in Chongqing? (Please answer within 3 words.) 
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When did the Chinese government announce the first standards for school bus safety? (Please answer within 3 words.)
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How many adults are needed on a Chinese school bus if 45 kids are on it besides the driver? (Please answer within 4 words.)
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What do American kids usually do on their school buses? (Please answer within 12 words.)
_________________________________________________________ ______
Why is the school bus important in students’ everyday lives? (Please answer within 12 words.)
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