初中英语说明文阅读理解

根据表格内容选择正确答案。

Name	Telephone number	Car number	ID card number
Jim Green	523-4564	AK1688	41012919690101
Jack Smith	13657047321	YNA222	12103419771202
Linda White	13550295437	WTS168	34110019870904
Zhang Liangyin	028-82740403	川A·DE456	51012419811213
Han Huahua	010-57432128	京B·AB388	01010019890807
Bob Smith	238-4508	EL5656	01731219771209

There are（这里有）________people（人）.

A．four

B．five

C．six

D．seven

Smith is________family name.

A．Jack’s

B．Bob and Jack’s

C．Bob’s

D．Jim’s

YNA222  is a ________number.

A．telephone

B．car

C．ID card

D．room

34110019870904 is  ________ID card number.

A．Linda’s

B．Huahua’s

C．Liangyin’s

D．Bob’s

Lake Victoria is the largest lake in Africa. It is also the second largest lake in the world. It is an important lake because it is one of the sources(源头) for the longest river in the world, the Nile River. Lake Victoria provides a source of water, food, and power(电力) for several African countries. Lake Victoria is a big part of African life.
Unfortunately, Lake Victoria has a problem. It is shrinking. There are several power stations at Lake Victoria in Uganda. These are on the Nile River, and besides producing power, they keep the water of the lake at a certain level. For the past forty years, that level has been 11.9 meters. Over the last several years, the water level has dropped by about 2.5 meters. There seem to be several reasons for this drop.
One possible reason is drought(干旱). Drought has been very bad in the area since 2000. Lake Victoria gets all of its water from rain, so the drought means less water in the lake.
However, some environmentalists believe that the real problem is the power plants(工厂) on Lake Victoria. Uganda depends on those power plants for most of its power, and they made the power plants larger in 2000. Many people believe the power plants have been taking too much water off Lake Victoria. As a result, they have been asked to use less water until Lake Victoria goes back to its old level.
Whether the low water level is caused by drought or power plants, the result is the same. This is already a poor area of Africa, where many people live a really hard life. People, animals and plants around Lake Victoria will suffer even more from low water levels on the lake. Many people need Lake Victoria for fishing or growing food. Fish need the water to live, and animals need it for water. Plants around the lake will die without the water, and then more animals and people will suffer. Unless the lake fills soon, many people will suffer and die.
Lake Victoria is __________.

A．an important lake in Africa

B．the largest lake in the world

C．the source of water, food and power for America

D．the only source for the Nile River

What does “It is shrinking” most probably mean?

A．It is becoming larger.

B．It is becoming more beautiful.

C．It is becoming smaller.

D．It is becoming more useful.

The water level of Lake Victoria is now __________.

A．2.5 meters

B．11.9 meters

C．14.4 meters

D．9.4 meters

Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Rain water is the only source for the lake.
B. There has been little rain in the lake area since 2000.
C. The power plants in Uganda provide water for the lake.
D The power plants in Uganda were made larger in 2000.
According to the passage, how can we solve the problems around Lake Victoria?

A．People must build more power plants.

B．More sources of water must be found.

C．Every country should offer some money to Africa.

D．All the people living in the area should move to another place.

We need ________ kinds of things to make an ALL ABOUT ME box.

A．two

B．three

C．four

D．five

What should we do first to make an ALL ABOUT ME box?  

A．Color the inside of the box.	B．Turn the box on its side.
C．Put the name inside the box.	D．Make a list of favorite foods.

An ALL ABOUT ME box tells about ________.

A．a toy

B．a book

C．a person

D．a picture

Mascots(吉祥物) for the Olympic Games

(the first Olympic mascot)
20th	23rd	26th	27th	29th	30th
1972	1984	1996	2000	2008	2012
Munich(慕尼黑)	Los Angeles	Atlanta	Sydney	Beijing	London
Germany(德国)	America	America	Australia	China	the UK

阅读表格内容，选择最佳答案。
From the form(表格), we know the Olympic Games is held every ______ years.
A. 2           B. 3    C. 4
The mascot for the _______ Olympic Games was the first Olympic mascot in Olympic history.
A. 20th           B. 26th       C.  30th
From the form, we know the ______ Olympic Games had the most mascots.
A. 1984 Los Angeles
B. 2000 Sydney
C. 2008 Beijing
_______ held both the 23rd and the 26th Olympic Games.
A. Germany
B. America
C. Australia
Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Atlanta held the Olympic Games in 1996.
B. Sydney is one of the cities in Australia.
C. London Olympic Games had three mascots.

判断 阅读下面的材料，判断下列句子是否符合短文内容。符合的涂T，不符合的涂F。
（T="True," F = False)
What is color? Why do some of the things around us look red, some green, others blue?
Colors are really made by reflected(反射) light. We can see colors because most of the things reflect light. Something is red, for it reflects most of the red light. In the same way, if something is green, it reflects most of the green light. If something reflects all light, it is white. If it doesn’t reflect any light, it is black.
Some light is reflected. But the other light is taken in and turns into heat. The darker the color is, the less light is reflected, and the more light is taken in. For this reason, dark-colored clothes are warmer in the sun than light-colored clothes.
Colors are made by reflected light
Something looks white because it reflects all kinds of light.
In the dark we can’t see anything because all the things don’t reflect any light
When the other light is taken in, it will be reflected in the end.
In the sun, the warmest clothes must be light-colored.

Just a Quick Nap 只要打个盹儿
Do you feel a little sleepy after lunch? Well, that’s normal. Your body naturally slows down then. What should you do about it? Don’t reach for a coffee! Instead, take a nap.
It’s good to have a daily nap. First of all , you are more efficient（有效的） after napping . You remember things better and make fewer mistakes. Also, you can learn things more easily after taking a nap. A nap may increase your self-confidence（自信） and make you more active . It may even cheer you up. But, there are some simple rules you should follow about taking a nap. First, take a nap in the middle of day, about eight hours after you wake up. Next, a 20-minute nap is best. If you sleep longer, you may fall into a deep sleep. After waking from a deep sleep, you will feel worse. Also, you should set an alarm clock. That way, you can fully relax during your nap. You won’t have to keep looking at the clock so you don’t oversleep.
Now，the next time you feel sleepy after lunch , don’t get stressed . Put your head down, close your eyes, and catch forty winks.
It is       to get sleepy for you at noon.
A. normal          B. strange         C. amazing
After taking a nap, you may feel more        .
A. stressed         B. confident        C. sleepy
The proper period（一段时间）of time for taking a nap is      .
A. as long as you like       B. eight hours     C. about twenty minutes
What can help you have a fully relaxing nap according to the passage?
A. A cup of coffee.         B. A quick meal.   C. An alarm clock.
What is the text mainly about?
A. Why and how to take a nap.
B. Rules to increase your self –confidence.
C. How to make your body slow down.

A desert is a very dry land where there is hardly any rain. In the day, it can be so hot that you could fry an egg on the ground. But during the night it is sometimes so could that water would turn into ice.






Many desserts are covered in sand. But some have mountains, rocks, or lakes that have dried up in the heat. The Great American Dessert has cliffs(悬崖) that have been made into amazing and beautiful shapes by the wind. The Sahara Desert in Africa is mostly sand. The Australian Desert has red sand.
Sometimes it does not rain for a whole year in the desert. But there is water deep under the ground and some plants have roots that go very deep to find it. Other plants have roots that spread out(延伸) a long way so they can suck up the rain as soon as it falls.
One desert plant is the cactus, which has long, spreading roots. The cactus stores water inside its hard skin. This skin protects it from heat and cold.
Camels are a bit like cactus plants! They store water too—inside their bodies. They have special fur which protects them from the sun during the day and keeps them warm at night.
Some other animals live in deserts, too. They have to be very good at seeing and hearing because most of them only come out at night. This is why many desert animals have extra big eyes or ears.
A desert fox has bigger ears than a normal for. A gerbil has huge eye, so that it can see at night. It stays cool in the day by staying underground, like most desert animals.
Some people live in the desert but they always make their homes near an oasis. An oasis is where water comes from an underground river. Near an oasis, people can grow lots of plants and keep animals.
Life is hard in the desert, for people, animals and plants. But desert people like to live there.
A desert is very dry because__________.

A．it is sandy	B．there is so little rain
C．the wind is strong	D．there is no water deep under the ground

What does the underlined phrase"suck up"in paragraph 3 mean_________?

A．围堵

B．讨好

C．释放

D．吸收

Some desert animals have extra big eyes or ears because__________.

A．the sunlight is too strong in the day	B．they need to see and hear well at night
C．it is very cold at nigh	D．they store water in them.

Most desert animals stay cool in the day by_________.

A．storing water in side their bodies	B．drinking water as much as they can
C．staying underground	D．growing lots of plants

Which of the following is true?

A．Desert people like to live in the desert though life is hard.

B．People in the desert usually fry eggs on the ground.

C．Camels have special fur to store water.

D．All the deserts are covered in sand.

Wancheng Language School Li Tong (pianist) 67 Wutong Road, Taiyuan 030001 Shanxi, China Tel：[phone] Fax：[phone] E-mail：[e-mail] WAITER WANTED Our restaurant needs some waiters. If you can work hard and work late, please call Wangfu Restaurant at 0351-2037204. Or you can also call the manager Li Fanhui at ，. The work time is from 4∶00 pm to 10∶00 pm SUMMER JOB 　　Our school magazine needs some reporters. Can you write stories? Are you interested in meeting different people? Please call Liu Hong (reporter) at 0351-5768900 or 13700430051 (mobile). You can also send e-mail to [e-mail]. Gao hui (driver) 135 Renmin Road, Linfen 041000 Shanxi, China E-mail：[e-mail] Tel：[phone]

根据表格内容，选择正确答案
If you want to take a taxi in Linfen very early in the morning, you can call    .
A、0351-6587701         B、0357-8765312         C、0351-2037204
You can send an e-mail to all of them except the       .
A、manager              B、pianist              C、driver
      can teach you to play the piano.
A、Liu Fanhui           B、Gao Hui              C、Li Tong
If you want to be a waiter, you can call      .
A、0351-5768900 or 13700430051
B、0351-2037204 or 13623016363
C、0351-6587703
Which of the following is wrong?
A、You can send an e-mail to [e-mail] if you want to work as a reporter.
B、We can’t call Li Tong by mobile phone.
C、Call 13623016363, you can get a taxi at any time.

Earthquakes happen without warning(前兆)．They can happen any time of a day，at any point during the year．But don’t worry because most are so weak that they cannot be felt． Only a few big ones hurt people． However，it’s important to know what to do when an earthquake is happening．
Do NOT go outside．You could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildings．If you are outside，stay away from buildings and power lines (输电线)．
Stay under a desk，table，or other strong furniture．Hold on to it．Or stay in a corner of the building．Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing．Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside．
Keep away from windows，pictures or advertisements on the wall or the building，and anything else that could fall and hurt you．Most people get injured by falling things during an earthquake，not by the shaking itself．
Also keep away from a fire．You could fall down and burn yourself on the fire．
If you are driving when an earthquake happens，stop the car if it’s safe．Stay inside your car until the earthquake stops，and don’t drive near bridges． Try not to stop by power lines or trees．These could fall and hurt you．
Most earthquakes are too          to hurt people．

A．strong	B．weak
C．dangerous	D．heavy

From the passage，when an earthquake is happening，we should          ．

A．stay under a big building	B．stay under a strong furniture
C．stand by windows	D．drive near a big bridge

It isn’t safe for you to          while the earthquake is happening．

A．run out of the building	B．stay in a corner of the building
C．cover your head with your arms	D．cover your mouth with a towel

This passage tells us           ．

A．how dangerous the earthquake is．

B．how to be safe in an earthquake．

C．we shouldn’t be afraid of the earthquake．

D．how the earthquake comes into being．

The best title for this passage should be“        ”．

A．How Earthquakes Happen	B．How to Drive a Car
C．What We Should Do in Earthquakes	D．Why Earthquakes Happen

SPACE is a lonely place. Hundreds of thousands of kilometers from home, astronauts have a hard life. It stands to reason that, once in a while, they need to have a good cry. But this is a lot harder than it sounds.
We still know very little about space, and about living in zero gravity. In fact, we are discovering new things every time astronauts take to the skies (and beyond). As The Atlantic reported in January, crying is not all that simple in space. This is because when a person normally cries,  gravity makes their tears move downwards. But in a spacecraft, this is not the case. Here, there is no gravity, which is why we so often see pictures of astronauts floating around. This means that, strangely, when you cry your tears have nowhere to go. As a result, they just stick to your eyes.
In May 2011, astronaut Andrew Feustel experienced this. “Tears,” as he said, “don’t fall off your eye… they just kind of stay there. ” This can be quite painful. In space, your eyes get very dry, and the added moisture is irritating (气人的). Sometimes, things get even weirder(更怪异的). The astronaut Ron Parise told The Atlantic that when tears get big enough, they “break free of the eye and float around”.
No one can be quite sure why we cry. Why should water in our eyes have anything to do with feeling sad? If you stop to think about it, crying is a very strange thing indeed. And now, thanks to the wonders of space, it just got even stranger.
The first paragraph mainly wants to tell us that       .

A．living in space is lonely

B．it’s easy to feel sad in space

C．it’s hard to cry in space

D．nobody wants to live in space

If astronauts cry in spacecraft, their tears will       .

A．move downwards	B．move upwards
C．go out of the window	D．stick to their eyes

Astronauts feel       if tears are always in their eyes.

A．sad

B．comfortable

C．happy

D．uncomfortable

What can we learn from the passage?

A．In space our eyes are very wet.

B．Tears will float around if they are big enough in space.

C．People know everything about living in zero gravity.

D．Gravity makes people’s tears move upwards in space.

Algae(水藻) are very simple plants. They grow in fresh water or salty water. Seaweed is algae that grow in salty water. Seaweed is red or brown in color. The Japanese people use these plants from the sea in many ways. From it, they make a food called Kombu. Kombu is seaweed that has been dried, cooked and pressed together. Then it is dried again and cut into long pieces. The Japanese eat a lot of Kombu and like it very much.
Japanese farmers often use seaweed as fertilizer. It makes their plants grow better. Many farmers also find seaweed makes a fine food for their animals.
From seaweed the Japanese also get iodine(碘), which they sell to other countries. Iodine is used in many ways all over the world. It is used in making medicine. It is added to the salt we use at the table. Scientists even use one form of iodine to "seed clouds" when they want rain to fall.
Kombu is a kind of ____ according to the text.

A．plant

B．medicine

C．food

D．fertilizer

In the last sentence of the text, "seed clouds" means ____.

A．clouds spreading like seeds

B．the seeds like clouds

C．to make rain fall with human power

D．dropping seeds by clouds

The main idea of the story is that ____.

A．The Japanese eat seaweed when they want rain to fall.

B．Kombu is made into medicine for farmers.

C．The Japanese use seaweed in many ways.

D．The Japanese eat a lot of Kombu.

For Rent A big apartment（单元房） for a family of three people.￥650 a month. Call Mr. Zhang. Tel：[phone].

Wanted Looking for a quiet single room under $120 per month. Please call Harry at 138-7682-5856.

Lost ID card Name：Dick  Number：232324198804125510 Please call [phone].

Found A red bag with some books. Come to Room 402 in the evening or call White at [phone].

Please call            to rent a three-bedroom apartment.

A．[phone]	B．138-7682-5856
C．[phone]	D．[phone]

You can rent your single room to         for $120 per month.

A．Dick

B．Harry

C．White

D．Mr. Zhang

If you find an ID card, you can call            at [phone].

A．White

B．Harry

C．Dick

D．Mr. Zhang

If you can’t find your bag, you can            to get it back in the evening.

A．call [phone]	B．go to Room 402
C．call Harry	D．go to look for a single room

You want to rent a big apartment for your family for three months.You must take out         .

A．￥1 950

B．$1 950

C．￥650

D．$650

In America, just as in Europe, men usually open doors for women, and women always walk ahead of men into a room or a restaurant, unless the men have to be ahead of the ladies to choose the table, to open the door of a car or do some other things like the above. On the street, men almost always walk or cross the street on the closer side of the ladies to the traffic. But if a man walks with two ladies, he should walk between them. Then if the host or hostess or both of them come in a car to get their guest for dinner, the guest should sit at the front seat and leave the back seat though there're no people sitting on it.
In America, men usually_________.

A．walk ahead of women	B．eat in a restaurant
C．walk behind women	D．drive a car to work

In the street, men __________.

A．cross the street	B．walk on the right side of the ladies
C．walk near the ladies	D．walk on the closer side of the ladies to the traffic

If a man walks with two ladies, he should _________.

A．walk between them	B．run before them
C．follow them	D．go away

If a man asks you to speak at a meeting, first you should say,"______".

A．How are you?	B．Is everyone here?
C．Ladies and gentlemen	D．How do you do?

If Mrs. Green invites you to her house in a car, you should________.

A．jump into the car	B．sit at the front seat
C．sit at the back seat	D．drive the car

Have you ever been in a meeting while someone was making a speech and realized suddenly that your mind was a million miles away? You probably felt sorry and decided to pay attention and never have daydreaming again. Most of us have been told from earliest school days that daydreaming is a waste of time.
L. Giambra, a psychologist（心理学家）, says,” On the contrary , daydreaming is quite necessary. Without it, the mind couldn’t do all the thinking that it has to do during a normal day. You can’t possibly do all your thinking with a conscious （神志清醒的）mind. Instead, your unconscious mind is working out problems all the time. Daydreaming may be one way that the unconscious and conscious states （状态）of mind have silent conversations .”
Early psychologists paid no attention to the importance of daydreams or even thought they were harmful. At one time people thought that some psychological illness caused day dreaming. They did not have a better understanding of daydreams until the late 1980s. Eric Klinges, a professor, is the writer of the book Daydreaming. Klinges says, “We know now that daydreaming is one of the main ways that we organize our lives, learn from our experiences, and plan for our futures. Daydreams really are a window on the things that we fear and the things we long for (渴望) in life.”
Daydreams are usually very simple and direct（直接）, quite unlike sleep dreams. Sleep dreams may be hard to understand. It’s easier to get a deep understanding of your life by paying close attention to your daydreams than by trying to examine (分析)your sleep dreams carefully. Daydreams help you know the difficult situations（情况）in your life and found out a possible way of dealing with them.
Daydreams cannot be predicted（预言）: they move off in unexpected directions which may be creative and full of useful ideas. For many famous artists and scientists, daydreams were and are a main source of creative energy.
The passage is mainly about _______ .

A．winter sleeps

B．sleep dreams

C．daydreaming

D．predictions

The underlined phrase On the contrary  means _________ .

A．总之

B．相反

C．毕竟

D．因此

The writer of this passage thinks daydreams are__________.

A．hard to understand	B．important and helpful
C．harmful and unimportant	D．the same as sleep dreams

Psychologists now believe that ________.

A．daydreams are usually very simple and can be predicted

B．daydreams are usually difficult to understand

C．daydreams cause some psychological illness

D．daydreams may be creative and full of useful ideas

The writer quoted  (引用 )L. Giambra  and Eric Klinges  to ________.

A．list out two different ideas

B．point out the wrong ideas of early experts

C．support his own ideas

D．report the latest research on daydreams

Eating out is more popular in Britain today than it has ever been. It is reported that British people spend more eating out than cooking for themselves and eating at home. It seems that many British people are becoming more and more interested in how good their food tastes, and also how healthy it is.
However, eating out can also be expensive, so British people do not eat out every night. When having a date with friends, or having a birthday, many people like to go to a restaurant, and people often also eat in a restaurant before going to the cinema or the theater.
As in all cultures, there are many rules of manners about eating. The knife and fork should be used in the correct way. It is also impolite to speak with your mouth full then you are eating.
Most British cities have a large collection of food as well as British food, from the very cheap to the very expensive－ French, Italian, Indian, Chinese, Thai, Japanese and many, many more.
When people are too tired to cook after work, they often get a “takeaway”. This means that they order from a take－out restaurant by telephone, and then go to get it. Many take-out restaurants also send it to your house. All you have to do is to open the door, pay and eat!
When do British people often eat in a restaurant?

A．After having a birthday.	B．Before watching a movie.
C．When they feel tired.	D．If they want to have natural food.

Many people prefer to eat out nowadays because __________.

A．eating out is cheaper than cooking at home

B．they can learn more manners in the restaurant

C．people care more about their food than before

D．people don’t like to stay at home after work

From the fourth paragraph, we can learn that _________.

A．British dishes are very expensive	B．Japanese dishes are most expensive
C．British people like foreign food	D．French food is most popular

The “takeaway” is the food __________.

A．you order and take out of the restaurant

B．that is left when you are eating in a restaurant

C．you order but don’t need to pay at once

D．that is sold and ordered only on the phone

What is the best title(标题) of the passage?

A．British restaurant culture	B．British table manners
C．Best restaurants in Britain	D．Best food in Britain