初中英语说明文试题

Teenagers must learn to stay safe while they are in school or at home．Self﹣protection is one of the most important （48） 　　for teenagers．

But how can we protect ourselves？Here are some of my suggestions．First，students in school should have an information card with us．The information includes the name，photo．（49） 　

　phone numbers，etc．There is also information about how to （50） 　　dangerous situations．The card is

made of a special kind of metal．It can't be destroyed if something dangerous （51） 　　．Second，we should be careful when we make friends．Don't keep it to yourself if you have made friends on line．You need to talk with your mother，father，or （52） 　　of them．Third，if we are in danger，we must cal the police for help in time （53） 　　we can keep ourselves safe．Also，we ought to eat healthily and safely．If we want to do any cooking at home，（54） 　　safety rules for the kitchen．Remember to close our doors and windows．It helps us to stay safe．Besides，we shouldn't crowd each other when we go upstairs or downstairs at school．What's more，summer is coming，we must remember it's dangerous to swim（ 55） 　　．

Other kinds of dangerous situations could happen，too．A fire，or we or our family may get sick or hurt．We should know how to call 119or 120，and tell them our （56） 　　and phone numbers．（57） 　　，everyone needs to learn how to protect ourselves and stay away from danger，especially for teenagers．

48．A．skills	B．skill	C．reason	D．reasons
49．A．a parent	B．parent	C．parents'	D．parents
50．A．catch up with	B．come up with	C．begin with	D．deal with
51．A．happen	B．happens	C．happened	D．will happen
52．A．neither	B．both	C．all	D．none
53．A．so that	B．even though	C．as soon as	D．in order to
54．A．Memorizing	B．To memorize	C．Memorize	D．memorized
55．A．alone	B．lonely	C．happily	D．slowly
56．A．homes	B．houses	C．family	D．addresses
57．A．First of all	B．In a word	C．However	D．Instead

  The following is a mark table about English competitions. Find some useful information to the questions below.

Items	Group1	Group2	Group3	Group4
1.answer correctly	66	72	75	77
2.answer quickly	74	79	78	63
3.answer humorously(幽默地）	68	69	80	78
4.speak clearly	87	85	82	87
5.speak loudly	90	92	90	91
6.speak freely	80	82	83	84
7.have a good manner	78	75	74	78
8.co--operate(合作）	81	64	87	84
Average（平均分）	78	77	81	80

        Co--operate best of all the groups.

A．The students in Group 1

B．The students in Group 2

C．The students in Group 3

D．The students in Group 4

Group 1 is thought to have spoken as      as Group 3.

A．clearly	B．loudly
C．freely	D．quickly

Group 4 did best in “       ”.

A．Answer humorously	B．speak freely
C．have a good manner	D．answer quickly

In“ answer correctly ”，Group 1 was      marks lower than Group 4.

A．6

B．9

C．11

D．10

Which of the following is NOT true?

A．Group 1did as well as Group 4 in “have a good manner”.

B．All of the groups did well in “answer quickly”.

C．The average of Group 3 is 3 marks more than Group 1.

D．Group 3 is the winner of the competition.

If you are given only 1yuan，can you live in a city for one day？It may be a little difficult．But （16）　　 from Xi'an did it．

On April 10^th，more than 60students from the Middle School Attached to Northwestern Polytechnical University （17）　　 the One Yuan Metropolis Survival．The charity for teenagers called Imperceptible Education held this （18）　　．Students had to live and they had to deal with a lot of （19）　　 tasks．It has happened in eight cities and is going to four others，including Beijing，in May．

To（20）　　，many students looked for part﹣time jobs and saw how hard life was．Zhang Qiyue，14，asked more than 10restaurants for a job and （21）　　 got one chance．"We were sad when they said （22）　　．But slowly，we got used to it，"he said．After being a waiter for an hour，he （23）　　 25yuan．

Some made use of their talents （24）　　 singing and dancing in parks or shopping malls．Many people who walked by took notice and helped （25）　　．Zhao Jiacheng，14，drew pictures and made paper crafts （手工）．"This showed it's（26）　　to learn a special skill，"he said．

Living was hard，（27）　　finishing the tasks was not any easier．They went to different places to finish tasks in a （28）　　 time．The most amazing one was when they had to exchange things worth a hundred yuan with only a piece of paper in half an hour．"We learned （29）　___　 to persuade （说服） others．From a balloon to a cake to a bottle of yogurt…，after almost 20tries，we got an expensive necklace，"he said，"we would （30）　　 all of the money we had raised to poor schools in Tibet．"

16．A．teachers	B．students	C．workers	D．waiters
17．A．took a look at	B．took photos of	C．took care of	D．took part in
18．A．activity	B．party	C．celebration	D．festival
19．A．easy	B．hard	C．perfect	D．secret
20．A．make trouble	B．make paper	C．make money	D．make music
21．A．finally	B．quickly	C．recently	D．suddenly
22．A．hello	B．thanks	C．yes	D．no
23．A．borrowed	B．paid	C．got	D．spent
24．A．by	B．from	C．with	D．about
25．A．him	B．her	C．them	D．us
26．A．important	B．difficult	C．possible	D．interesting
27．A．or	B．if	C．as	D．but
28．A．long	B．short	C．right	D．wrong
29．A．where	B．why	C．how	D．when
30．A．show	B．bring	C．afford	D．gi ve．

任务型阅读。
A lift is very useful. It looks like a small room. It goes up and down all day. Sometimes a worker stands in the lift. He or she operates（操作） it up and down. In modern lifts there's no worker. People walk in. They know what floor they want to go. They push a button(按钮)and the lift goes to that floor. It's very fast and easy.
Lifts are very important to us. Why? Think about a tall building. Maybe it has twenty floors. Maybe it has fifty or more. Who can walk up all the stairs (楼梯 )?Maybe people can climb them once. Can someone climb thirty floors to an office every day? Can small children walk up to their rooms on the twenty-four floor? Can their mothers or fathers carry food up to all those stairs? Of course not. We can have very high buildings because we have lifts. We could not have all the beautiful tall buildings without lifts. Because it is too tired for people to climb the stairs every day.
根据短文的意思回答问题或完成句子。
What does a worker do when he or she stand in the lift?
____________                                    
Can small children walk up to their room on the twenty-four floor?
____________                                    
Why do we have many high buildings?
____________                                    

September is the time for students to go back to school!For Chinese students，most schools start on the same day．We will share summer stories with the same classmates （61） 　

　the first﹣year students．But in US schools，students get ready for classes a little（62） 　　．

First of all，US schools don't all start on the same day．Classes begin any time between August and September．Every（63） 　　decides when to begin their classes．If summers are too（64） 　　then school will usually start a little later．

Every year we usually see the same teachers and classmates，but US students have some big changes．In US high schools，teachers divide（65） 　　 into different levels or focuses．Students can choose their favorite teachers and courses according to their abilities and（66） 　　 ．This means that every year students will（67） 　　 different classrooms for each class．They will meet（68） 　　 classmates and teachers in each one．Also，students will go to school a few days early to get their（69） 　　 so that they can know the classes every day．

For first year students，the first day of school also means they finally get their own lockers（储物箱）．Primary school students in the US have to share closets（储物柜） with their（70） 　

　．But once students make it to junior high they finally get one．

61．A．including	B．except	C．besides
62．A．early	B．late	C．differently
63．A．school	B．city	C．town
64．A．dry	B．cool	C．hot
65．A．students	B．classes	C．subjects
66．A．ages	B．interests	C．habits
67．A．see	B．enter	C．build
68．A．new	B．special	C．unfriendly
69．A．homework	B．books	C．schedule
70．A．classmates	B．teachers	C．owners．

The following are four forms about medicine. How to use the medicine is very important. Never take any by mistake.
1）Take the medicine with water, followed by one tablet（药片） every eight hours, as required. For further night - time and early morning, take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in 24 hours. For Children six to twelve years old, go to your doctor for advice. Reduce dosage（剂量） if nervousness, restlessness or sleeplessness takes place.
2）Each pill of the medicine taken three times every day for fourteen years old. As usual, a pill 6∶00 a. m., before breakfast, one before 11∶00 and one before sleep. Not for children under six years old and old persons with heart attack.
3）The medicine for a person with a fever. Once two pills a day before sleep for adult. Not take the medicine without fever. Half for Children under 12 years old. Children with a high fever, go to see a doctor.
4）The medicine taken three times a day, once five pills for adult with a cold. Half of the pills for children 10 years old. Take the medicine before breakfast, lunch, supper or before sleep.
Where can we read these forms?

A．In textbooks.	B．In dictionaries.
C．In novels.	D．In instructions.

How often should a twelve-year-old girl having a cold take medicine?

A．Four times or above a day.

B．Three times a day.

C．Only once a day.

D．Not above three times a day.

What does the underlined word “reduce”  in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．减少

B．减缓

C．释放

D．增加

What should we do if nervousness, restlessness or sleeplessness takes place?

A．Stop taking medicine.

B．Reduce dosage

C．Take more dosage.

D．Ask doctors for help.

任务型阅读（本题有5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
请根据各人的爱好或需求，为他们选择喜欢的电视节目。将电视节目的选项写在题后的括号中s。

A.How to Study B.Sports World C.People around the World D.Healthy Food E.Shopping on the Internet F.Weather Report G.Chinese History

Mary is a good mother. She thinks eating right food is important(重要的）. She wants her children to eat right food and to be healthier.
Kevin often sits at the desk, studying all night, but he isn’t good at his lessons. He wants to improve (提高)his grades。
Mrs Green is going to visit Shanghai. She wants to learn about the weather there.
Nancy is learning Chinese. She likes Chinese music and movies. But she doesn’t know much about Chinese history.
Xu Dong likes playing basketball. His favorite players is Yi Jianlian. He hopes to play basketball like him in the NBA.

The human brain weighs about 1.4 kilograms, but it can hold much more information than most computers. However, there is another difference between humans and computers. Computers don’t forget information they are given, but humans often do. No one remembers everything, and luckily we don’t usually have to. But everyone can improve their memory if they want to. Here are some suggestions.
◆Try to use new information immediately. For example, if you meet someone who says “Hi! I’m Carlos,” don’t just say “Hello.” Repeat the person’s name. Say “_________”
◆Break a big number into smaller parts. For example, it’s hard to memorize (记忆) 109244153. But if you break it into three parts--109/244/153—it becomes easier.
◆Write out what you need to remember over and over again. This will help you keep it in mind longer, especially for memorizing formulas (公式) or facts.
◆Always review information. If you bring what you’ve learned back to your mind, they become easier to remember. For example, before you go to sleep, it’s a good idea to review the new things you learned that day.
◆Discuss with a friend. It is always easier to remember things through discussions. You can have a discussion about what’s right and what’s wrong, and it will lead to the right answer.
◆Never tell yourself that you have a bad memory. You can always do something to help improve your memory. And everyone’s memory gets better if they use it often enough.
All of the suggestions are helpful. If you follow them, you are certain to improve your memory.
How many suggestions are mentioned in the passage?

A．Three.

B．Four.

C．Five.

D．Six.

Which should be put in the blank (空格) in Paragraph 2？

A．Hello, Carlos.	B．How do you do?
C．Hello, I am Sophia.	D．Glad to meet you!

What can help memorize a big number more easily according to the passage?

A．To store it in a computer.

B．To break it into smaller parts.

C．To discuss it with a friend.

D．To review it before you sleep.

What does the sentence "Never tell yourself that you have a bad memory” mean?

A．You should tell others about your bad memory.

B．You should believe in other people all the time.

C．You should ask others to improve their memory.

D．You should be confident in your memory ability.

Space travel is nothing new． The first spacecraft with a human was sent up（1） 　　space in 1961． Since then， people have not only traveled to space，（2） 　　many of them have lived there in space stations for some time．

The Soviet Union（前苏联） sent the（3） 　　space station into space in 1971． This space station was called Salyut 1． Salyut 1（4） 　　as a place where people could live while they observed space and did experiments． The first group of astronauts lived there for 23days． The Soviet Union went on to make seven more Salyut space stations． At about the same time， the United States had（5） 　　own space station， called Skylab．

Astronauts（6） 　　in these space stations for a short time． However， it wasn't until the late 1980s when The Soviet Union sent the Mir space station that people began to live in space for a （7） 　　time．

Living in space stations seems to be fun， but astronauts face many problems． One of them （8） 　　food． All the（9） 　　on space station are put together on Earth and sent there by space shuttle． Because the food has to last a long time （sometimes up to three months）， a lot of it has to be stored in cans． The space station does not have a fridge， but it has a cool room to keep fruit and vegetables fresh． Astronauts also eat many other foods（10） 　　dried meat that do not need special care．

（1）A． into	B． with	C． of
（2）A． or	B． but	C． unless
（3）A． ones	B． one	C． first
（4）A． found	B． was built	C． was brought
（5）A． them	B． they	C． its
（6）A． lived	B． played	C． took
（7）A． more	B． shorter	C． longer
（8）A． am	B． is	C． are
（9）A． apple	B． vegetable	C． meals
（10）A． such as	B． at last	C． next to

LONDON—Scientists have found an unusual way to prevent our planet from overheating: move it to a cooler spot. All you have to do is to send a few comets (彗星) in the direction of Earth, and its orbit (轨道)will be changed. Our world will then be sent moving into a safer older part of the solar system.
This idea for improving our climate comes from a group of US NASA (美国航空航天局) engineers and American astronomers. They say their plan could add another six billion years to the useful lifetime of our planet—hopefully doubling its working life.
The plan put forward by Dr. Laughlin, and his colleagues Don Korycansky and Fred Adams, needs carefully directing a comet or asteroid (小行星) so that it passes close by our planet and sends some of its gravitational energy (重力势能) to Earth.
“Earth’s orbital speed would increase as a result and we would move to a higher orbit away from the sun,” Laughlin said.
Engineers would then direct their comet so that it passed close to Jupiter(木星) or Saturn (土星). The comet would pick up energy from one of these giant planets. Later its orbit would bring it back to Earth, and the process would be repeated.
In the short term, the plan provides an ideal way to worldwide warming, although the team was actually worried about a much greater danger. The sun is certain to heat up in about a billion years and so “seriously compromise” our biosphere (生物圈)—by cooking us.
That’s why the group decided to try to save Earth.
The plan has one or two worrying sides, however. For a start, space engineers would have to be very careful about how they directed their asteroid or comet towards Earth. The smallest miscalculation (误算)in orbit could fire it straight at Earth—with deadly results.
There is also the question of the moon. As the present issue of Scientific American magazine points out, if Earth was pushed out of its present location, it is “most likely the moon would be stripped (剥离)away from Earth,” it states. This would greatly change our planet’s climate.
What makes the scientists plan to move Earth?

A．A few comets are moving to the direction of Earth.

B．Earth’s working life is coming to an end soon.

C．Earth will become too hot for mankind to keep alive.

D．The moon is moving farther and farther away from Earth.

If the plan is successful, Earth will have a working life of ________ years.

A．12 billion	B．6 billion
C．18 billion	D．24 billion

What serious problems might the plan cause according to the passage?

A．The comet might hit Earth and man might lose the moon.

B．Earth might be moved too far away and man might die because of the coldness.

C．The comet might hit Jupiter or Saturn and never return to Earth.

D．Earth’s working life might be greatly shortened.

What does the underlined word “compromise” mean?

A．provide	B．benefit (收益)
C．share	D．Endanger

The computer is fast， and never make a mistake， while people are too slow， and full of mistakes sometimes． Now a（36） 　　can do a lot of everyday jobs wonderfully． It is（37） 　　used in factories， hospitals， post office． A computer can report， decide and control in almost（38） 　　field． Many computer scientists are thinking of（39） 　　　　    the computer "think" like a man． With the help of a person， a computer can（40） 　　    pictures， write music， talk with people， play chess， recognize voice， translate languages and so on． Perhaps（41） 　　computers will really think and feel． Do you think the people will be afraid（42） 　　they find that the computer is too clever to listen to（43） 　　the people？ But I believe man is（44） 　　the master of the computer． The computer works only （45） 　　the help of man． It cannot take place of man．

36． A． boy	B． computer	C． woman	D． teacher
37． A． widely	B． slowly	C． sadly	D． hardly
38．A． either	B． both	C． every	D． none
39． A． making	B． leaving	C． feeling	D． taking
40． A． hear	B． talk	C． draw	D． put
41． A． one day	B． a day	C． any day	D． every day
42． A． what	B． when	C． where	D． why
43． A． choose	B． get	C． have	D． serve
44． A． seldom	B． never	C． always	D． sometimes
45． A． with	B． about	C． beside	D． for

The Monkey King is the main character from the famous （1）　　story Journey to the West． He is wonderful because he helps （2）　　 people．

     The Monkey King has a magic stick． He （3）　　it to fight bad people． He can（4）　_　 the stick big or small． He sometimes does not even look like a monkey． He can turn himself （5）　　different animals and objects． But unless he can hide his （6）　　，he can't make himself a human． （7）　　he sees bad people， he thinks of ways to fight them． Children all over the world become （8）　　 in reading this story．

（1）A． Chinese	B． Japanese	C． English
（2）A． safe	B． strong	C． weak
（3）A． has	B． uses	C． beats
（4）A． make	B． made	C． makes
（5）A． off	B． on	C． into
（6）A． hair	B． tail	C． head
（7）A． As soon as	B． But	C． Until
（8）A． interesting	B． interested	C． excited

Each one of us shares this planet with seven billion others．And we all need （36） 　 : 　．People and products need to move from city to city and country to country．However，we all know（37） 　 　most cars，motorcycles，boats and planes cause air pollution．They are also（38） 　 　．This is a serious problem in many cities．（39） 　 　inventors are coming up with creative ideas to try to reduce the pollution and noise．

In many cities around the world，motorcycles are very（40） 　 　．Now Vietnam has around 33million motorcycles and China has almost 120 million．Motorcycles are a faster and cheaper way to get around a city than（41） 　 　．Yet air pollution is a growing problem．In large cities，people（42） 　 　it is difficult to breathe．To solve these problems，a U．S．company designed an environmentally friendly motorcycle，It uses electricity as fuel（燃料）．As a result，there is（43） 　 　pollution．It's also quiet and fast．This makes （44） 　 　a good choice for getting around a city．

The Italian city of Venice is a city with only a few（45） 　 　．There are no cars in the city center．（46） 　 　cars，water taxis and buses carry people along the city's canal（运河）．However，they cause pollution，（47） 　 　to the water．English engineers Dick and Jem designed a solar﹣powered（太阳能）water taxi．The water taxi

（48） 　 　run for a day after being recharged（充电）．

Planes also cause air and noise pollution．Designing an environmentally friendly airplane is a real （49） 　 　．Some airplane companies have （50） 　 　to solve the problems．Swiss engineers have gone one step further．They developed a solar airplane．This plane holds the world record for the longest solar﹣powered flight﹣1，541 kilometers from Arizona to Texas in America．

36．A．air	B．food	C．transportation	D．communication
37．A．how	B．why	C．when	D．that
38．A．noisy	B．dirty	C．fast	D．expensive
39．A．Since	B．So	C．Because	D．Although
40．A．popular	B．valuable	C．dangerous	D．safe
41．A．bikes	B．subways	C．buses	D．cars
42．A．explain	B．complain	C．doubt	D．promise
43．A．much	B．some	C．no	D．more
44．A．them	B．you	C．us	D．it
45．A．rivers	B．roads	C．tourists	D．people
46．A．Instead of	B．Thanks to	C．Because of	D．As for
47．A．probably	B．only	C．especially	D．hardly
48．A．must	B．can	C．should	D．need
49．A．question	B．job	C．decision	D．challenge
50．A．disagreed	B．refused	C．started	D．remembered．

You may think there is only sand in the desert（沙漠） of the world，（1） 　 　it is not true．In the desert，as we know，there is a little（2） 　 　，but it is not（3） 　 　for most plants．Still we can see some plants live in the desert．

There is（4） 　 　in some places in the deserts．We call these places oases（绿洲）．In the oases，there are villages and towns．People grow all kinds of eropa in the fields there．

People（5） 　 　live outside the oases．They have camels，sheep and other animals．These animals depend on the desert plants for their food and do not need （6） 　 　water．

The aninmals are useful to the desert people in many ways．They eat the meat and drink the milk of the animals．They use the camels for carrying water，food，and something else．

The people of the desert have to keep moving from place to place．They must always （7） _ 　grass or desert plants for their animals．When there is no more food for their animals，they move to （8） 　 　place．The desert people are（9） 　 　．No man in the desert would ever（10） 　 　to help the people in trouble and give them food and water．

（1）A． and	B． but	C． or	D． so
（2）A． rain	B． rains	C． wind	D． winds
（3）A． well enough	B． enough well	C． good enough	D． enough good
（4）A． sand	B． plants	C． woods	D． water
（5）A． also	B． too	C． either	D． still
（6）A．a little	B． too many	C． too much	D． some
（7）A． look at	B． look for	C． look up	D． look after
（8）A． other	B． the other	C． others	D． another
（9）A． well	B． friend	C． friendly	D． carefully
（10）A． agree	B． refuse	C． promise	D． want

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的三个选项（A、B 和C）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项．

In China，red is known to be a lucky color．But you may be surprised to know that British Culture is（46）　B　of the red，It's true．Go to Britain and you'll see（47）　C　everywhere．

There are red postboxes，red phone boxes and（48）　B　rec double﹣decker（双层） buses

around the country．Red is the color traditionally worn by British（49）　A　in battle，and there is red in the UK's Union Jack national flag．

To go with British culture's love of red，many red animals（50）　A　an important part in

British nature，like the robin（知更岛） with a bright red breast（胸）．（51）　A　Christmas

Day，the bird is commonly found on the greeting cards people send（52）　B　．There are quite

special red squirrels（ 松鼠），too，'

But is red（53）　A　lucky to British people？The results may surprise you．Red is used quite

（54）　B　as a metaphor（比喻）．If some one"sees red"，they are angry．（55）　C　apersonis"red

laced"，they are out of breath or turning red in the face．

Even so，red is still every where in Britain It does seem that the country is in love with The color．

the color．

46．A fond	B，full	C．proud
47．A yellow	B．green	C．red
48．A boring	B．popular	C．surprising
49．A．soldiers	B．officers	C．teachers
50．A play	B．spend	C．take
51．A．At	B．Or	C In
52．A．any other	B． each other	C．another one
53．A．considered	B． given	C required
54．A similarly	B．differently	C．difficultly
55．A．Unless	B．Before	C．When．