初中英语说明文试题

New books this month
The Long Night This is David Reilly’s first book. David became a writer after teaching English for several years. Maha is a nurse in northern Australia. She works in a small hospital. One day a baby is so ill that Maha has to drive all night to get her to the nearest big city. They have a lot of problems getting there and…	Hard Work This exciting story is Joanna’s twentieth. Hard Work is about Sombat. He works with his father, a carpenter, in Thailand. They work long, hard hours making tables and chairs, but they do not have any money. Then one day a man dressed all in black buys the most beautiful table in the shop…	Hospital or Cinema Marcie Jacome, who studies English in London, wrote this story earlier this year.Tina is a young Indian woman whose dream is to become a doctor. She goes to London to study English and medicine, but one day she meets a man who asks her to go to the USA with him to become a film star…What will Tina do?

The Long Night was written by             .

A．David Reilly	B．Maha
C．Joanna	D．Marcie Jacome

The story of Hard Work happened in             .

A．Australia	B．Thailand
C．India	D．England

From the passage we can see Tina is ________.

A．a doctor	B．a film star
C．a writer	D．a college student

           is about a difficult journey.

A．Hospital or Cinema	B．Hard Work
C．The Long Night	D．Harry Potter

The passage above is     .

A．an ad	B．a story
C．a novel	D．a diary

The junior high school graduates（毕业生） have to take a P．E． test in many places around China． The full marks are（1）　　 forty﹣five points， but by this year， the number rises to sixty! And it means （2）　　 in the senior high school entrance exam（中考）．

    Usually， the test is held in May or June every year． Students of Grade 9（3）　　 test in their own schools． Each student is tested on three sports． They can choose long jump， basketball dribbling （运球）（4）　　 skipping． The pull﹣up （引体向上） is for boys， and girls can choose the sit﹣up（仰卧起坐）．（5）　　boys and girls must run 50 meters．

    Some students find the test is（6）　　and they get full marks． Students of Grade 9 usually do lots （7）　　 practice in P．E． classes． The training makes the test easier than it seems to be．

    Students don't have to （8）　　a lot for the test． But in P．E（9）　　， they still run a lot． Most teachers and parents welcome the P．E． test． They say it helps students（10）　　their health．

（1）A．never	B． very	C． seldom	D． usually
（2）A． little	B． less	C． much	D． most
（3）A．has	B． have	C． had	D． having
（4）A．or	B． then	C． but	D． so
（5）A． Either	B． None	C． Both	D． Neither
（6）A． easy	B． easier	C． difficult	D． more difficult
（7）A．in	B． at	C． of	D． to
（8）A． runs	B． running	C． ran	D． run
（9）A． classes	B． class	C． test	D． tests
（10）A． built in	B． build up	C． built up	D． building up

China's first moon rover (月球车), Yutu, set off from the lander（登陆车） early on December 15, several hours after the Chang'e-3 probe (探测器) soft-landed on the moon surface.
The 140 kg six-wheeled rover touched the moon surface at 4:35 a.m., leaving deep lines on the loose moon land. This was recorded by the camera on the lander and the images were sent to the earth, according to the Beijing Aerospace Control Center. After that, the rover and lander will take photos of each other and start their own science explorations.
Earlier this morning, engineers made final checks of the environment of the landing area and the situation of the probe（探测仪）. Yutu, reached its solar panel (光板) and started to drive slowly to the moon at 3:10 a.m.. It took Yutu nearly a whole hour to complete the simple task.
Chang'e-3 landed at the Bay of Rainbows on the moon, at 9:11 p.m. on December 14, making China the third country in the world to carry out such a mission (执行此类任务) after the United States and Russia.
In old Chinese tales, Yutu was the white pet rabbit of Chang'e’s. The name for the rover was selected following an online survey that collected several million votes from people around the world.
The rover, 1.5 meters long with its two wings folded (折叠), 1 m in width and 1.1 m in height, is a perfect robot controlled by the command center from the earth. It will face challenges including temperature differences of more than 300℃ on the moon.
Yutu will do some research and look for natural resources (资源) for three months, while the lander will conduct an exploration at the landing place for one year. Then they will have a good rest on the moon and will not be used for a long time until China’s next probe visits the moon again.
Which is the best title for the passage above?

A．The American’sfirst rover on the moon

B．The tale of Chang’e

C．The journey to the moon

D．Yutu explores the moon

Which is the correct order of the following events?
a. The 140 kg six-wheeled rover touched the moon surface.
b. The rover and lander will take photos of each other.
c. Yutu started to drive slowly to the moon.
d. Chang'e-3 landed at the Bay of Rainbows on the moon.

A．a-b-c-d

B．c-d-a-b

C．d-c-a-b

D．c-a-b-d

What does the underlined word “width” mean in Chinese?

A．智力

B．宽度

C．重量

D．长度

Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．The moon had been visited by only two countries before 2013.

B．Yutu is a perfect robot under the control of its own computer.

C．Yutu and Chang’e will return to the earth after the one-year mission.

D．Chang’e-3 is 140 kg in weight.

There will soon be a second moon rover to explore the moon. Which is its proper name?

A．Chang’e-5

B．Yutu-2

C．Shenzhou-11

D．Tiangong-2

On April 23.2019，a series of events to celebrate

the （1） 　　anniversary of the Chinese People's Liberation Army（PLA）Nay（中国人民海军）was held in Qingdao．

Destroyers（驱逐舰） sailed in the sea， submarines（潜艇） slid under the surface and fighter jets flew across the sky． It wasn't a scene from a war movie， indeed， it was a real grand naval parade．

As a large country （2） 　　more than 18，000 kilometers of coastline， China needs a strong navy． This was a hard lesson（3） 　　by history． According to Xinhua， from the 1850s until 1949．foreign forces used the sea to make about 470 invasions of China． Therefore， the PLA Navy has become a key line of the nation's defense．

As President Xi Jinping said， the oceans are of great significance as they sustain life and connect the world． "The blue planet that humans inhabit is not divided into islands by the oceans．（4） 　　is connected by the oceans to form a community with a shared future， where people of all countries share weal and woe，"said Xi during his （5） 　　at the event．

（1）A．seventy	B． seventieth	C． seventith	D．seventeen
（2）A．has	B． have	C． with	D． of
（3）A．teach	B． taught	C． learn	D． learned
（4）A．But	B． and	C．or	D． with
（5）A．speak	B． talk	C． chat	D． speech

Clothing is a language. It tells us about individual people: their personality, their age, their place in society and so on. If we want to know more about society, we can look at traditional clothing.

The continent of Africa has a long history and a rich culture, and this is shown in traditional dress. You often find three colours — red, gold and green in the clothing. The first colour stands for the blood of millions of people who suffered as slaves(奴隶); the second is for the rich resources of the African earth; and the third represents the grasslands of home.
The patterns(图案) on the clothing also have a meaning. A common pattern is in the form of a cross “×”, which stands for “unity”. Another pattern is a rectangular box, which represents “strength”.
Because clothing has a strong social meaning, people are very careful in choosing what to wear. It would be a serious mistake to wear the wrong clothing, or to wear clothes in the wrong way. For instance, in Ghana, a woman should wear her waistband differently according to the importance of the social event.
Traditional dress also tells us about everyday life. African designs are famous for loose(宽松的) clothing. The climate, with the hot sun and wide temperature ranges(变化), requires that the clothes are comfortable for daily life.
Although many people wear western clothes, particularly in the big cities in Africa, traditional dress is very highly valued(评价). This is because it has deep cultural meanings.
According to the passage, red ________.

A．represents the setting sun

B．stands for African unity

C．is chosen because it is a bright colour

D．is a reminder(暗示) of the sad history in Africa

Traditional dress should also be practical(实用) because ________.

A．it has deep cultural meanings

B．people wear it in the big cities

C．it needs to protect people from the climate

D．it needs to keep people dry in the rainy season

According to the passage, which sentence is NOT RIGHT?

A．African dress has deep cultural meanings.

B．Africa has a long history and a rich culture.

C．The rectangular box in the pattern represents “strength”.

D．People in the big cities in Africa prefer to wear western clothes.

The passage is mainly about ________ in Africa.  

A．the history of clothes

B．modern fashion styles

C．the meanings of traditional dress

D．the materials used in traditional dress

What will the future world be like？ Many people are glad to give their （1）　　．Here are two imaginations about the world of （2）　　． When people talk about the future， we like to think that we'll have our own personal flying car． We would fly at 480kilometres per hour， avoiding traffic lights，（3）　　roads and speeding tickets．（4）　　，some people point to the disadvantages of flying cars． One big problem is： what will happen if the flying cars （5）　　？ Then there will be problems with traffic control． Also， if（6）　　become popular， there will surely be too much air traffic．（7）　　it seems that flying cars will face more than a few problems if they are to get off the ground!．Imagine you have your own Ironman （8）　　． Several companies are trying to build a practical robot "exoskeleton"． This is a suit of robot arms and legs which follows your movement． It will（9）　　the wearer to lift heavy objects， walk a long way and even punch through walls! It is（10）　　in many ways， especially for people with disabilities． This suit might help people to walk again after（11）　　or injury（受伤）．But the disadvantage at the moment is the（12）　　． Even a simple suit can cost hundreds of thousands of pounds． Another problem is battery life． A suit like this needs a lot of（13）　　and batteries only last about 15minutes at the moment． One other problem is that a badly programmed robot wearer． You wouldn't want your robot leg or arm bending（弯曲） suit could（14）　　the wrong way． car above our heads，

    So in the future，（15）　　we might be able to fly to work and lift a there are plenty of problems to solve before this will be possible．

（1）A． suggestions	B． instructions	C． opinions	D． reasons
（2）A． past	B． yesterday	C． present	D． tomorrow
（3）A． empty	B． wide	C． busy	D． dirty
（4）A． Moreover	B． Instead	C． In fact	D． However
（5）A． put down	B． break down	C． write down	D． calm down
（6）A． they	B． you	C． we	D．I
（7）A． And	B． But	C． So	D． or
（8）A． gloves	B． suit	C． helmet	D． shoes
（9）A． ask	B． wish	C． invite	D． allow
（10）A． beautiful	B． peaceful	C． colorful	D． useful
（11）A． disease	B． holiday	C． work	D．party
（12）A． quality	B． price	C． need	D． number
（13）A． chances	B． power	C． rest	D． experience
（14）A． hurt	B． attract	C． protect	D． attack
（15）A． whether	B． unless	C． although	D． until

The lion dance is part of traditional Chinese culture.People often perform in the night before the Chinese New Year.They （1） 　 　perform it for other happy occasions.People think the lion dance can（2） 　 　good luck and success.

There are many different stories （3） 　 　 how the lion dance began.One of them is like this：Hundreds of years ago，a monster called Nian came to a village in China.The villagers were（4） 　 　 .A lion chased Nian away.A year later，Nian came back again，but this time the lion couldn't（5） 　 　 .So the villagers made a "lion" by themselves.Their "lion"danced，jumped and chased Nian away.For this （6） 　 　 ，people began to perform the lion dance before the Spring Festival to chase bad luck away.

There are （7） 　 　different kinds of lion dances.In the southern lion dance，the dancers （8） 　 　hard to perform like a real lion.Their "lion" may shake its body.The dance can be funny.The（9） 　 　kind is the northern lion dance.It has more martial art skills like rolling，leaping and jumping.Both kinds are very interesting to watch，but it takes a lot of

（10） 　 　to perform well.

（1）A.still	B.also	C.almost	D.just
（2）A.bring	B.leave	C.find	D.keep
（3）A.in	B.wit	C.about	D.over
（4）A.excited	B.bored	C.relaxed	D.scared
（5）A.help	B.agree	C.visit	D.refuse
（6）A.story	B.reason	C.event	D.mistake
（7）A .two	B.three	C.four	D.five
（8）A.watch	B.fight	C.catch	D.try
（9）A.other	B.same	C.only	D.simple
（10）A.luck	B.advice	C.practice	D.hope

任务型阅读（本题有5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
圣诞节就要到了。请根据希望小学学生们的述说，给他们寄去一份合适的礼物吧。请仔细阅读1---5个小题，从A，B，C，D中找出相应的圣诞礼物。

David Beckham is my idol (偶像). I like soccer. I want to be a soccer player like him.
I like running, but my shoes are broken (破的).I want a new pair of shoes.
It’s very cold (冷) now. But I have no sweaters. My parents can’t buy one for me.
The students want to learn English well. They need _________.
I’m in Grade 6. There are many books, but I don’t have a schoolbag.

This dictionary tells you about English words and how to use them in reading, writing and speaking English. It not only gives the meaning of words, it can also help you with spelling, word building, grammar and pronunciation.
To use your dictionary correctly, you need to understand how the dictionary works. At the front of the book, you will find some exercises to help you make the most use of your dictionary.
If you look up the word “colour”, you will find two spellings for this word. “Colour” is used in British English, while “color” is used in American English. When such a thing happens, the dictionary shows it with the word “BrE” for British English and “AmE” for American English.
The dictionary also helps you pronounce words correctly. It uses a special alphabet (特殊字母表) to show pronunciation. If you turn to the inside back face, you will see all the phonetic letters (音标) with some words to show you how they are pronounced. Just have a look at this page when you’re not sure how to say a word.
The most important reason for using a dictionary is to find out the meaning of a word—its DEFINITION.
In this dictionary, the definitions have been written using only 2000 words. This means that the definitions of even the most difficult words are simply explained and easy to understand.
According to the passage, “neighbor” is used in ______ English.

A．Australian	B．Canadian
C．American	D．British

In Paragraph 5, what does the underlined word “definition” mean?

A．词性

B．词条

C．词库

D．词义

The dictionary explains ______. 

A．some of the difficult words	B．all the words in a simple way
C．all the easy words	D．the words of two meanings

Beijing Opera

Beijing Opera is our national opera．It（31） 　　after 1790and has a history of（32）____ 　200years．Its music and singing came fromareXipi and Erhuang in Anhui and Huibei．There（33） 　　main roles in Beijing Opera：Sheng，Dan，Jing，and Chou．Beijing Opera（34） 　　famous stories，beautiful facial paintings，wonderful gestures and fighting．Some of the stories are from history books，but most are from famous novels．The people in the stories usually can't agree（35） 　　each other．They become angry，unhappy，sad and（36） 　　．Sometimes they are frightened and worried．Then they find a way to make（37） 　　with each other．Everyone is usually happy（38） 　　．

Beijing Opera is an important part of Chinese culture．In China it used to be popular with old people（39） 　　young people didn't like it very much．However，more young people are becoming interested in it nowadays．And more people around the world（40） 　　Beijing Opera's special singing，acting and facial paintings．

31．A、come into being	B、came into being	C、come across	D、came over
32．A、over	B、in	C、on	D、during
33．A、five	B、four	C、three	D、two
34．A、was full of	B、was filled in	C、is full of	D、was filled with
35．A、on	B、at	C、to	D、with
36．A、tired	B、bored	C、lonely	D、alone
37．A、peace	B、friend	C、peaces	D、friends
38．A、at the end	B、in the end	C、at first	D、at the beginning
39．A、when	B、as soon as	C、after	D、while
40．A、are learning about	B、were learning about	C、are learning from	D、learned from．

Every school has a notice board. Let’s see what is on the notice board of an America school.

According to School Policy, visitors have to ______ when entering the school.

A．hand in a note	B．call at 524-9752
C．check in at the office	D．telephone the school

From ______, students can get information on the parents meeting.

A．School Policy	B．Report Card
C．After-school Program	D．Class Announcement

Suppose Tony doesn’t do well at school but makes progress, he will get ______ on the Report Card.

A．1

B．2

C．3

D．4

Over 30% of the natural world has been seriously destroyed by humans (人类) over the last 30 years. This is because the number of people living on Earth is nearly six billion (十亿). All of these people need food, space and energy. As a result, lots of Earth’s natural resources will be used up. When we destroy our earth to get natural resources such as wood or oil, animals often lose their living space. They cannot have enough food, and they will get hurt or die.
The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is an international charity. It tries to prevent humans from destroying more of nature than is necessary. For example, in China WWF is working with the local government to reconnect (重新连接) some small lakes in Anhui Province to the Yangtze River and to create(创造) more protected areas so that China’s natural beauty will not be lost in the future. WWF works in more than 50 countries, saving rainforests and stopping hunters from killing rare animals and protecting traditional ways of life in areas where they are in danger of being lost. WWF’s main goal is to encourage development that does not harm the environment and the animals that live in it. Even though the charity is known all over the world, and a lot of people support the goals of WWF, not so many donate money often. This makes it difficult for the charity to do all the things it wants to do.
Why has over 30% of the natural world been destroyed?

A．Because hunters are killing rare animals.

B．Because not enough people help WWF.

C．Because WWF does not have enough money.

D．Because there are so many people living on Earth.

How has WWF helped in China?

A．They have protected traditional ways of life.

B．They have helped to protect China’s natural beauty.

C．They have saved many rainforests in Anhui Province.

D．They have built some bridges over the Yangtze River.

What is WWF’s main goal?

A．To save rainforests.

B．To stop hunters killing rare animals.

C．To get more people to donate money.

D．To protect the environment while developing.

Why is it difficult for WWF to do all the things they want to?

A．Because too many people do not know WWF.

B．Because WWF doesn’t have enough money from donations

C．Because there are too many problems for them to solve.

D．Because WWF doesn’t encourage development.

As a police artist， Joe Brown draws pictures of suspects（嫌疑犯 ）when people tell him about the （1） 　　of each suspect． Then， the police put the pictures in newspapers and on television to help （2） 　　the suspects．

His job is interesting but not （3） 　　， because different people describe the same person differently and sometimes many people don't have good（4） 　　，especially the old． "The suspect is of medium height and young． He has long straight brown hair and big eyes， " an old woman says， Another woman says，"He's tall and thin with blonde hair． He's about thirty years old．"In the end． the real （5） 　　is a short heavy man and he has short brown hair．

（1）A． act	B． personality	C．appearance
（2）A． remember	B． find	C．describe
（3）A． easy	B． exciting	C．useful
（4）A． expressions	B．methods	C． memories
（5）A． artist	B． criminal	C． policeman

Everyone has hobbies．Hobbies（1）　　us a lot of happiness． For most of us， the activities we like to do are common and easy． However， there are（2）　　people who like to take risks．（3）　　are more interested in doing dangerous sports， such as snowboarding， diving（潜水）and rock climbing．

    Many people enjoy（4）　　．You can do it indoors on special walls or outdoors on real mountains．There are many advantages to rock climbing﹣it is fun and it also helps people（5）　_　 their worries，

    The most important tool to have is good shoes．They need to be half a size smaller than your usual（6）　　． The next thing you need is a harness（保护带）． This allows you to move freely，（7）　　 it will hold you up if you fall． It's important to know how to use your tools． If you are a beginner， it's best to have lessons． A climber with experience can help you a lot（8）　　 you are learning to climb．

    Rock climbing is very exciting for people of different ages．Climbers，however，must be careful not（9）　　the environment．Sometimes rock climbers leave rubbish on the mountains which they climb． They should take it（10）　　 them and throw it away．This will let future climbers enjoy a clean environment．

（1）A． take	B． bring	C． provide	D． have
（2）A． other	B． the other	C． another	D．every
（3）A． We	B． You	C． All	D． They
（4）A． snowboarding	B． diving	C． rock climbing	D． swimming
（5）A． remember	B． forget	C． solve	D． keep
（6）A． size	B． shape	C． color	D． kind
（7）A． and	B． but	C． so	D． or
（8）A． before	B． when	C． after	D． until
（9）A． to protect	B． to produce	C． to pollute	D． to save
（10）A． along	B． to	C． for	D． with

Today， we are living a rapid life． We always try to get things done （31）　　． On weekdays， we are busy （32）　　or working． One of the （33）　　is that we don't have enough exercise． We all know August 8th is National Fitness Day． If we exercise for one hour a day， we will work healthily for 50years and live a happy life forever．

Scientists have found that people who often exercise are （34）　　　than those who don't， whether they do it indoors or outdoors． According to a survey， students can learn better and feel less stressed when they have more （35）　　to play sports at school． Many young women enjoy doing yoga（瑜伽） or dancing to relax and stay（36）　　 In some housewives' opinion， doing housework is a good way to burn calories（卡路里）．It can keep them （37）　B　while getting their house in order． To be strong and full of （38）　 ， some men like running， riding bicycles or playing ball games．

You will be healthy both in the（39）　　and mind by doing exercise． This weekend， don't make any plans， just get up early and start （40）　　．

31． A． quickly	B． slowly	C． loudly
32． A． playing	B． sleeping	C． studying
33． A． differences	B． problems	C． trouble
34． A． more dangerous	B． more natural	C． healthier
35． A． time	B． money	C． food
36． A． heavy	B． thin	C． tall
37． A． jumping	B． moving	C． eating
38． A． energy	B． safety	C． suggestions
39． A． tooth	B． head	C． body
40． A． exercising	B． offering	C． waiting