[江苏]2013-2014学年江苏省常州市高三第一学期期末考试英语试卷

I have been staying up until midnight since Monday, working on my paper. I need to ______ some sleep this weekend.

   —Why are you crying? Today is your birthday!
—____________. I am so excited with so many friends surrounding me.

It isn't just big data specialists like data scientists and statisticians ______ to benefit from this boom of big data opportunities.

Everyone in this country should work hard and do what they can _____ against national smog.

— I didn’t watch the program “Where are we going, Dad?” yesterday.
— I________, either, if my father hadn’t reminded me.

The Roman alphabet is a Greek invention, ______ is the marathon, a long distance race created in honour of a Greek soldier.

Guangzhou Evergrande has raised China's hunger for soccer glory ever since the year 2013 ______ a series of its victories over other teams in and abroad China.

—Daddy, which of these smart kids do you like best in last night’s TV show?
— ________ . They are all proud and selfish.

— Tom seems not so enthusiastic as he was two years ago.
— Yes. He’s really reached a point in his career ______ he has to decide what to do next.

The Chinese abacus(算盘), officially ______ as a cultural heritage at the 8th Annual UNESCO World Heritage Congress, is another symbol of Chinese wisdom.

This nationwide smog should serve as a reminder to all, indicating a high time that we ______ on what we've done to the environment.

— Don’t be too ______ with what you wear as a middle school student.
— Come on, Mom, stop being _____ on me all the time.

“I am astonished, my dear,” said Mrs. Bennet, “that you _____ be so ready to think your own children silly.”

We all breathed a sigh of relief when the news came _____ no one was injured in the accident.

— 2013 is a successful year for us China.
— ___________, and ________.

Starting a new book is a risk, just like falling in love. You have to ____ to it. You open the pages knowing a little bit about it, maybe from the back or from a blurb（宣传信息）on the front. But who ____, right? Those bits and pieces aren’t always right.
Sometimes people ____ themselves as one thing and then when you get deep into it you realize that they’re something completely different. Either there was some good marketing ____ to a terrible book, or the story was only explained in a(n) ____ way and once you reach the middle of the book, you realize there’s so much more to this book than anyone could ever have told you.
You start off slow. The story is beginning to ____. You’re unsure. It’s a big commitment reading this tome(巨著). Maybe this book won’t be that great but you’ll feel ____ about putting it down. Maybe it’ll be so awful you’ll set it down immediately and never pick it up again. Or maybe you’ll come back to it some night, drunk or lonely—needing something to ____ the time, but it won’t be any better than it was when you first started reading it.
Maybe you’re ____. You’ve read tons of books before. Maybe you’ve taken some time off from reading because the last few books you read just weren’t ____ it. Do they even write new, great works of literature anymore? Maybe it’s a once in a lifetime feeling and you’re never going to find it again.
Or something ____ could happen. Maybe this will become your new favorite book. There’s always a possibility, right? That’s the ____ of risk. You ____ your time and your brain power in the words and what you get back is a new understanding and pure wonder.
How could someone possibly know you like this? Some stranger, some author, some character. It’s like they’re seeing inside your ____. This book existed inside some book store, on a shelf, maybe handled by other people and really it was just ____ for you to pick it up. It was waiting to speak to you. To say, “You are not ____.”
You just want more of the story. You want to keep reading, maybe everything this author has ever ____. You wish it would never end. The closer it gets to the smaller side of the pages, the  ____ you read, wanting to savor(品味) it all. This book is now one of your favorites forever. You will always wish you could go back to ____ having read it and pick it up fresh again, but also you know you’re better for having this close, inside you, ____ your heart and mind.
Reading a book is just like falling in love. Once you get in deep enough, you know you could never put this book down.

A．contribute B．commit C．subscribe D．react

A．tells B．cares C．writes D．knows

A．advertise B．believe C．behave D．mistake

A．attached B．compared C．used D．related

A．artificial B．superficial C．theoretical D．confidential

A．repeat B．change C．conflict D．unfold

A．worried B．content C．guilty D．serious

A．fill B．spare C．save D．take

A．worn out B．run out C．given out D．made out

A．like B．worth C．beyond D．beneath

A．exciting B．familiar C．rare D．tough

A．price B．beauty C．danger D．style

A．balance B．waste C．harvest D．invest

A．soul B．book C．body D．eyes

A．asking B．looking C．standing D．waiting

A．alone B．yourself C．busy D．crazy

A．devoted B．agreed C．written D．enjoyed

A．slower B．faster C．more D．less

A．always B．ever C．once D．never

A．covering B．breaking C．separating D．blocking

England will play Italy, Uruguay and Costa Rica in a tough Group D at the 2014 World Cup in Brazil. Roy Hodgson's men open their campaign against Italy in the Amazonian city of Manaus on 15 June in the only World Cup game which kicks off at 02:00 BST. England take on Uruguay on 19 June and play Costa Rica five days later.
Hosts Brazil are in Group A with Cameroon, Mexico and Croatia while the World Cup holders Spain open with a repeat of the 2010 final against Netherlands.
England will have to travel 1,777 miles from their chosen base in Rio for their first match in the tropical heat of Manaus.
Earlier this week Hodgson described Manaus as "the place to avoid" because of the climate—temperatures reach 30C and humidity is about 80%—although after the draw the England boss took comfort from the fact his team face a fellow European side.
"The conditions in the north will be tough, so we will both be in same boat," he said. "If we'd had three games up in the north, it would have been difficult."
Following Hodgson's initial comments, the mayor of Manaus, Arthur Virgilio, said England would not be welcome in the city.
England takes on two-time champions Uruguay in Sao Paulo and they play Costa Rica in Belo Horizonte—both cities are within 225 miles of their base.
England have never previously beaten Italy or Uruguay at a major tournament(锦标赛), while they have never faced Costa Rica.
Uruguay, who reached the semi-finals in 2010, and Italy, who knocked Hodgson's men out of Euro 2012, are ranked sixth and seventh respectively in the Fifa rankings while Costa Rica are 31st in the world - 18 places below England.
When and where will England play its third group stage match?

Which of the following can England take comfort from?

Which of the following is true according to the news report?  

How do you design a pay plan that motivates people to do their best work? A new study by three Harvard researchers suggests a novel answer: Shortly after you hire new workers, give them a raise.
"Previous research has shown that paying people more than they expect may elicit reciprocity(相互作用) in the form of greater productivity," notes Deepak Malhotra, a Harvard business-administration professor who worked on the study. What he and his colleagues found, however, was that the connection between more pay and extra effort depends on presenting the increase "as a gift—that is, as something you've chosen to do purely as a nice gesture, with no strings attached."
Malhotra and his team studied 267 people hired by oDesk, a global online network of freelancers, to do a one-time data-entry project for four hours. All of the new hires were people in developing countries, for whom hourly wages of $3 and $4 were higher than what they had been making in previous jobs.
The researchers split the group up into three equal parts. One group was told they would earn $3 an hour. A second group was initially hired at $3 an hour but, before they started working, they got a surprise: The budget for the project had expanded unexpectedly, they were told, and they would now be paid $4 an hour. The third group was offered $4 an hour from the start and given no increase.
Even though the second and third groups were eventually paid the same amount, the second group worked harder and produced more—about 20% more—than either of the other two. People in the second group also showed the most stamina, maintaining their focus all the way through the assigned task and performing especially well toward the end of the four hours. Interestingly, the more experienced employees in the high-performing group were the most productive of all, apparently because their previous work experience led them to appreciate the rarity of an unexpected raise.
Contrary to conventional wisdom, Malhotra points out that higher pay, in and of itself, didn't promote productivity: People who made $4 an hour from the beginning worked no harder than those who were hired at $3 and were then paid $3.
To get the most impact from their pay plans, he adds, companies might consider not only what to pay new hires, but when to pay it.
"The key thing is how you present [the reason for an increase]," he says. Doling out extra money could promote productivity most "if you make it clear that the pay raise is something you're choosing to do just because you can. Our theory is that people will reciprocate. If you do something nice, they'll do something nice back."   
Which of the following is true about the research?

What does the underlined word “stamina” most probably mean?

Why did the second group produce more than the other two groups?

What can we infer from this passage?

Recently, an almost literal case of lifeboat ethics(伦理) occurred. On Aug. 4, Graham and Sheryl Anley, while boating off the coast of South Africa, hit a rock. As the boat threatened to sink the husband got off, but his wife was trapped in the boat. Instead of freeing his wife and getting her to shore, Graham grabbed Rosie, their pet dog. With Rosie safe and sound, Graham returned for Sheryl. All are doing fine.
It's a great story, but it doesn't strike me as especially newsworthy. News is supposed to be about something fairly unique, and recent research suggests that, in the right circumstances, lots of people also would have grabbed their Rosie first.
We have strange relationships with our pets. We lavish our pets with adoration and better health care than billions of people receive. We speak to pets with the same high-pitched voices that we use for babies. As an extreme example of our feelings about pets, the Nazis had strict laws that guaranteed the humane treatment of the pets of Jews being shipped to death camps.
A recent paper by George Regents University demonstrates this human involvement with pets to an astonishing extent. Participants in the study were told a situation in which a bus is out of control, bearing down on a dog and a human. Which do you save? With responses from more than 500 people, the answer was that it depended: What kind of human and what kind of dog?
Everyone would save a brother, grandparent or close friend rather than a strange dog. But when people considered their own dog versus people less connected with them—a distant cousin or a hometown stranger—votes in favor of saving the dog came rolling in. And an astonishing 40% of respondents, including 46% of women, voted to save their dog over a foreign tourist.
What does a finding like this mean? First, that your odds aren't so good if you find yourself in another country with a bus bearing down on you and a cute dog. But it also points to something deeper: our unprecedented(史无前例的) attitude toward animals, which got its start with the birth of humane societies in the 19th century.
We prison people who abuse animals, put ourselves in harm's way in boats between whales and whalers and show sympathy to Bambi and his mother. We can extend empathy to an animal and feel its pain like no other species. But let's not be too proud of ourselves. As this study and too much of our history show, we're pretty selective about how we extend our humaneness to other human beings.
What is the function of the first paragraph?

The author mentions Nazi laws in the third paragraph _______________.

Which of the following is true according to the article?

What does the author mainly argue for?

Now, I want to start with a question: When was the last time you were called childish? For kids like me, being called childish can be a frequent occurrence. Every time we make irrational(不理智的) demands, exhibit irresponsible behavior, or display any other signs of being normal American citizens, we are called childish. ___________A____________. After all, take a look at these events: imperialism（帝国主义）and colonization（殖民主义）, world wars, George W. Bush. Ask yourself: Who's responsible? Adults.
　  Now, what have kids done? ___________B____________. Well, Anne Frank touched millions with her powerful account of the Holocaust (大屠杀), Ruby Bridges helped end segregation(隔离) in the United States, and, most recently, Charlie Simpson helped to raise 120,000 pounds for Haiti on his little bike. So, as you can see evidenced by such examples, age has absolutely nothing to do with it. We are called childish so often by adults that we should abolish this age-discrimination when it comes to criticizing behavior associated with irresponsibility and irrational thinking.
　  Then again, who's to say that certain types of irrational thinking aren't exactly what the world needs? Maybe you've had grand plans before, but stopped yourself, thinking: That's impossible or that costs too much or that won't benefit me. For better or worse, we kids aren't hampered as much when it comes to thinking about reasons why not to do things. ___________C____________. Kids can be full of inspiring aspirations and hopeful thinking, like my wish that no one went hungry or that everything were free kind of utopia(乌托邦). How many of you still dream like that and believe in the possibilities? Sometimes a knowledge of history and the past failures of utopian ideals can be a burden. On the other hand, we kids still dream about perfection. ___________D____________. And that's a good thing because in order to make anything a reality, you have to dream about it first.
Now, our inborn wisdom doesn't have to be insiders' knowledge. Kids already do a lot of learning from adults, and we have a lot to share. I think that adults should start learning from kids. Now, I do most of my speaking in front of an education crowd, teachers and students, and I like this analogy. It shouldn't just be a teacher at the head of the classroom telling students to do this, do that. The students should teach their teachers. Learning between grown ups and kids should be reciprocal. The reality, unfortunately, is a little different, and it has a lot to do with trust, or a lack of it. Now, if you don't trust someone, you place restrictions on them, right. If I doubt my older sister's ability to pay back the 10 percent interest I established on her last loan, I'm going to withhold her ability to get more money from me until she pays it back.
True story, by the way. Now, adults seem to have a prevalently restrictive attitude towards kids from every "don't do that," "don't do this" in the school handbook, to restrictions on school internet use. Kids have no, or very little, say in making the rules, when really the attitude should be reciprocal(相互的), meaning that the adult population should learn and take into account the wishes of the younger population.
Adults, you need to listen and learn from kids. The world needs opportunities for new leaders and new ideas. Kids need opportunities to lead and succeed. Are you ready to make the match?  
Where should the sentence “This really bothers me.” be put in the passage?
A. In blank A.                          B. In blank B.     
C. In blank C.                      D. In blank D.
What does the speaker think is the root cause why adults call kids childish?

Which of the following least explains kids’ advantage over adults based on the speaker?

What is the best title of this passage?

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。
Chang'e 3 is a lunar(月球的) exploration mission operated by the China National Space Administration (CNSA), incorporating a robotic lander and China's first lunar rover.
The spacecraft was named after Chang'e, the goddess of the Moon, and is a follow-up to the Chang'e 1 and Chang'e 2 lunar orbiters. The rover was named Yutu following an online poll, after the mythological rabbit that lives on the Moon as a pet of the Moon goddess.
Chang'e 3 achieved lunar orbit on 6 December 2013 and landed on 14 December 2013, becoming the first probe to soft-land on the Moon since Luna 24 in 1976.
In January 2004, the People's Republic of China's lunar orbiter project was formally established. The first Chinese lunar orbiter, Chang'e 1, was launched from Xichang Satellite Launch Center on 24 October 2007 and entered lunar orbit on 5 November. The spacecraft operated until 1 March 2009, when it was intentionally impacted into the surface of the Moon. Data gathered by Chang'e 1 were used to create an accurate 3-D map of the entire lunar surface, assisting site selection for the Chang'e 3 lander.
Chang'e 1's successor, Chang'e 2, was approved on October 2008 and was launched on 1 October 2010 to conduct research from a 100-km-high lunar orbit, in preparation for Chang'e 3's 2013 soft landing. Chang'e 2, though similar in design to Chang'e 1, was equipped with improved instruments and provided higher-resolution imagery of the lunar surface to assist in the planning of the Chang'e 3 mission. 
In March 2012, China began manufacturing the body and payload of the Chang'e 3 lander, which will attempt to perform lunar surface and space studies independently of the mission's mobile rover.
Like its orbiting predecessors, the Chang'e 3 mission is planned as a precursor（先驱）to further robotic lunar exploration missions, including Chang'e 5, a sample return mission planned for 2017. Following these automated missions, a manned landing may be conducted around 2025.
Chang'e 3 will attempt to perform the first direct measurement of the structure and depth of the lunar soil down to a depth of 30 m (98 ft), and investigate the lunar crust(壳) structure down to several hundred meters deep.
The development of the six-wheeled rover began in 2002 and was completed in May 2010. It has a total mass of approximately 120 kg, with a payload capacity of approximately 20 kg. It can perform simple analysis of soil samples and may transmit video in real time. It can navigate inclines(斜坡) and has automatic sensors to prevent it from colliding(碰撞) with other objects.
The rover was successfully deployed from the lander, and it made contact with the lunar surface on 14 December. After taking pictures of each other the lander and rover will start their respective science missions. The rover is designed to explore an area of 3 square kilometres during its 3-month mission, with a maximum travelling distance of 10 km.

Title: Chang’e 3
____	It is a lunar exploration mission operated by CNSA, incorporating a robotic lander and China's first lunar rover.
Name Source	It was named after the goddess of the Moon, ____ up the names of Chang'e 1 and Chang'e 2.
The History of China’s Lunar Exploration Program	The program	In January 2004，it was formally established.
Chang'e 1	On 24 October 2007, it was launched and entered lunar orbit on 5 November.
On 1 March 2009, it was impacted into the surface of the Moon on purpose.
To help select a proper ____for Chang’e 3 lander, data about the entire lunar surface were gathered.
Chang’e 2	On October 2008, it was approved and launched ____ years later.
Its mission was to conduct research for Chang’e 3 soft landing.
Although ____designed, it was better equipped than Chang’e 1.
Chang’e 3	Started in March 2012, it achieved lunar orbit on 6 December 2013 and landed 8 days later, becoming the ____ probe to soft-land on the Moon since Luna 24 in 1976.
The objectives are to measure the structure and depth of lunar soil and investigate the lunar crust to a great ____.
Chang’e 5	A sample return mission planned for 2017.
Around 2025	A manned landing may be conducted.
Information about the rover	It was began in 2002 and completed in 2010, ____ about 120 kg with a payload capacity of 20 kg or so. It has many ____, from analyzing soil samples to protecting itself. After the first ____ with the moon on 14 December, it will stay on the moon for 3 months, exploring an area of 3 square km and travelling a maximum distance of 10 km.

阅读下面的一则通讯稿，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Recently many advisers have called for reforms of the English language testing system to make it more effective in developing actual language ability.
"Currently, the English testing system in China puts too much pressure on students to get high marks and ignores the development of their comprehensive（综合的）language abilities," they said.
"Some changes in the evaluation procedures of English examinations are necessary for the sound development of the national English education system," others added.
[写作内容]
假设你班最近要进行一次英语主题班会，就上述文章中谈及的话题进行讨论，请你准备一篇发言稿，以下是发言稿的内容（开头与结尾已经写好）：
1. 以约30个词概括和分析上述话题的主要内容；
2. 以约120个词就这一话题发表自己的看法，并包括如下要点：
(1) 你是否赞成通讯稿中人们的观点。
(2) 至少呈现三条理由来支撑自己的观点。
(3) 对于“How to develop comprehensive language ability”，提出你认为最重要的一条途径。
[写作要求]
1.作文中可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接抄用原文中的句子;
2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
Dear classmates,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Personally, ____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
As to the development of comprehensive language abilities, __________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
That’s all. I appreciate your attention.