初中英语说明文试题

You may think there is only sand in the desert（沙漠） of the world，（1） 　 　it is not true．In the desert，as we know，there is a little（2） 　 　，but it is not（3） 　 　for most plants．Still we can see some plants live in the desert．

There is（4） 　 　in some places in the deserts．We call these places oases（绿洲）．In the oases，there are villages and towns．People grow all kinds of eropa in the fields there．

People（5） 　 　live outside the oases．They have camels，sheep and other animals．These animals depend on the desert plants for their food and do not need （6） 　 　water．

The aninmals are useful to the desert people in many ways．They eat the meat and drink the milk of the animals．They use the camels for carrying water，food，and something else．

The people of the desert have to keep moving from place to place．They must always （7） _ 　grass or desert plants for their animals．When there is no more food for their animals，they move to （8） 　 　place．The desert people are（9） 　 　．No man in the desert would ever（10） 　 　to help the people in trouble and give them food and water．

（1）A． and	B． but	C． or	D． so
（2）A． rain	B． rains	C． wind	D． winds
（3）A． well enough	B． enough well	C． good enough	D． enough good
（4）A． sand	B． plants	C． woods	D． water
（5）A． also	B． too	C． either	D． still
（6）A．a little	B． too many	C． too much	D． some
（7）A． look at	B． look for	C． look up	D． look after
（8）A． other	B． the other	C． others	D． another
（9）A． well	B． friend	C． friendly	D． carefully
（10）A． agree	B． refuse	C． promise	D． want

If you pay a visit to Liu Hasheng's restaurant in Harbin，you will find 18 robots there．They are ready to serve you and make sure that your dining e（81） 　 　is perfect．After the visit，you can tell others that the robots serving customers isn't a dream any more．

It's wonderful to see h（82） 　 　the 18robots work in the restaurant．The wonder s（83） 　 　when you walk in．You'll see a robot come up and say，"Earth person，hello!Welcome to the Robot Restaurant．"When you have ordered your m（84） 　 　，the robots in the kitchen begin to do the cooking．After the food is p（85） 　 　，a robot waiter will glide （滑行） out of the kitchen to serve you with the meal you've ordered．And as customers enjoy their d（86） 　 　food，a robot sings lovely songs for them．

You may ask，"Where did all these robots come from？"Liu said they were designed （设计） and m（87） 　 　by the Harbin Haohai Robot Company．Liu said he invested （投资） 5million yuan in the restaurant，with each robot costing 200，000 yuan to 300，000 yuan．And the w（88） 　 　robot team is managed by the workers in the computer room．

After a busy day，all the robots will go for a"meal"，which is e（89） 　 　．After 5 hours，the robots can continue their work for a day．The restaurant now provides a menu with more than 30 dishes （菜肴），and the average （平均） cost for a dinner is a（90） 　 　40to 50yuan．Do you want to go and have a try in this restaurant？

Things like Hula hoops（呼啦圈）used to be very popular．Did you ever own any of these？If you didn't，don't feel too bad．They were all fads．A fad is something that becomes very（36） 　 　among a large number of people，but only for a short time．（37） 　 　can become a fad very quickly，but can stop being popular just as quickly．（38） 　 　it is no longer "cool，"a fad goes away．Anything can become a（n） （39） 　 　﹣fashion，food，music，technology，even language．

In the late 1970s，Erno Rubik，a professor was looking for a （40） 　 　way to teach his students about 3D objects．He （41） 　 　a six﹣color plastic object that would be called the Rubik's Cube（魔方）．The goal was to get each side of the cube a （42） 　 　color．It was very challenging．It took a few years for the toy to become popular，but then （43） 　 　，in 1982，it seemed everyone had one．People bought over a hundred million of the （44） 　 　．There were 50books available that year offering solutions（解决办法）．Then，just as suddenly as the craze （风尚） started，it （45） 　 　．By 1983，people were not interested in the Rubik's Cube anymore，perhaps because so many people（46） 　 　had one in their home．

In 2012，a South Korean musician named Psy released a song called "Gangnam （江南） Style．"The music video shows Psy pretending （假装） to horse﹣ride while he is dancing．In six months，it became the first Youtube （一视频网站） video ever to reach a billion views （观看）．Six months after that，（47） 　 　went on to reach two billion views．The song and video started a worldwide （48） 　 　craze．"Gangnam Style" had a huge influence on world popular culture．U．S．President Barack Obama and U．K．Prime Minister David Cameron even （49） 　 　the dance．"Gangnam Style" became less and less popular，（50） 　 　the "Korean Wave" of culture remains popular all over the world．

36．A．useful	B．popular	C．valuable	D．relaxing
37．A．Both	B．Someone	C．Something	D．None
38．A．Although	B．Whether	C．Before	D．When
39．A．invention	B．fad	C．goal	D．dream
40．A．creative	B．difficult	C．traditional	D．common
41．A．found	B．bought	C．invented	D．borrowed
42．A．strange	B．dark	C．bright	D．different
43．A．suddenly	B．slowly	C．exactly	D．seriously
44．A．videos	B．toys	C．clothes	D．books
45．A．spread	B．appeared	C．ended	D．failed
46．A．already	B．hardly	C．especially	D．only
47．A．he	B．they	C．we	D．it
48．A．food	B．dance	C．language	D．sport
49．A．depended on	B．tried out	C．gave up	D．put off
50．A．then	B．and	C．but	D．so．

Are you shy？If you are，you are not alone．In fact， nearly 50% of the people are shy，and almost 80% feel shy at some points in their lives． Why are people（1） 　　？

It is found that family size might（2） 　　people to be shy． Kids with no（3） 　　or sisters may be shy． Growing up alone， they often play by themselves． They are not able to（4） 　　the same social skills as kids from big families．

Another cause of shyness might be（5） 　　．As more and more people use the Internet，they（6） 　　less time outside．As a result，they lose chances to communicate with others．（7） 　_____to new people face to face

can make them feel nervous．

For shy people，it can be（8） 　　to make friends，speak in class，and even get a good job．But scientists say you can overcome your shyness．They suggest trying （9） 　　things and practicing more conversations．

Anyway， don't be（10） 　　of shyness一you are valued for what you are!

（1）A． interested	B． bored	C． shy	D． brave
（2）A． want	B． cause	C． teach	D． let
（3）A． teachers	B． friends	C． classmates	D． brothers
（4）A． stand	B． invent	C． buy	D． develop
（5）A． praise	B． decision	C． technology	D． dream
（6）A． design	B． spend	C． collect	D． save
（7）A． Nodding	B． Running	C． Speaking	D． Jumping
（8）A． easy	B． safe	C． dangerous	D． difficult
（9）A． new	B． private	C． wrong	D． heavy
（10）A． afraid	B． fond	C． proud	D． full

Many young people have trouble communicating with their parents． There are some （1） 　  　 to help solve this problem．

First， make a list of the things you and your parents （2） 　  　   about most． With each of these things， try to find an answer acceptable to both you and your parents． It is no good for you to require（3） 　  　 to go your way． You have to be ready to change a little if you want them to change．

Second， talk to your parents when it is convenient for them． Remember that your parents may have to work long hours and this can make them （4） 　  　 ， so be patient with them．

Third， listen to what your parents have to say． How can you（5） 　  　   them to listen to you if you are not ready to listen to them？ In addition， your parents were once（6） 　  　   like you， so they understand your situation better than you expect．

Finally， if you do not get a satisfactory result， try not to get too angry． Talk with your parents

and find out their（7） 　  　． Part of growing up is learning to live with these kinds of disagreements， and learning to understand another person's way of looking at things．

With a little hard work， you can learn to communicate better with your parents．

（1）A． abilities	B．suggestions	C． tasks
（2）A．disagree	B．worry	C． talk
（3）A． everything	B． nothing	C． something
（4）A． excited	B． angry	C． tired
（5）A． order	B．expect	C． invite
（6）A．young	B．rave	C． confident
（7）A． reasons	B． hobbies	C． secrets

As the saying goes"Friends are treasure in our lives．"I remember when I was growing up my mom always（21） 　　．"Half the fun of doing anything is sharing it with others"．It's tune Friends make（22） 　　enjoy the taste of our success and joys （快乐） and comfort us in our challenging moments．They provide a mirror（镜子）for us（23） 　　more about ourselves．I've always looked at friends as family（24） 　　．They enrich（丰富） our lives．As a famous writer once said．"A friend is a present which you give（25） 　　．"

To be a good friend，it's important to be a good listener．Hear（26） 　　your friend says first rather than making conclusions （结论）quickly．

Sometimes（27） 　　is useful to repeat their words back to them．It can help them realize whether their words were what they wanted to say．

Patience（耐心）is an important part of being a good friend，（28） 　　．You know the old golden rule．"Care（29） 　　other the way you would like them to care for you．"The support of a friend during a（30） 　　time can make the difference between success（31） 　　failure．Encouragement and confidence are the（32） 　　gifts that can change a person's life．

We should choose our friends（33） 　　because they can have a great influence on our lives．As（34） 　　told me，"The attitudes （态度 ）of your friends are like the buttons（按钮） on a lift．They will（35） 　　take you up or   down．"

21．A．said	B．told	C．talked	D．spoke
22．A．us	B．me	C．her	D．them
23．A．learning	B．learns	C．will learn	D．to learn
24．A friends	B．children	C．members	D．enemies
25．A．herself	B．yourself	C．himself	D．myself
26．A．what	B．that	C．which	D．whose
27．A．this	B．that	C．these	D．it
28．A．never	B．either	C．too	D．also
29．A．of	B．with	C．for	D．in
30．A．easy	B．difficult	C．happy	D．wonderful
31．A．but	B．so	C．and	D．or
32．A．best	B．better	C．worse	D．worst
33．A．careless	B．carefully	C．careful	D．carelessly
34．A．anyone	B．someone	C．everyone	D．no one
35．A．neither	B．all	C．both	D．either

Nowadays，many people have realized the importance of leadership（领导） skills．Poor leaders may cause many problems．But good leaders do（21） 　　in solving problems than poor ones．Without good leaders，problems can't be solved．（22） 　　，good leaders are very important．What's more，good leaders are good at cooperating with others．Usually they are good listeners as well．But being good leaders（23） 　　easy．So let me give you some suggestions to help you become a good leader．

Learn from books．Maybe nobody teaches you how to be a good leader，but you can learn it（24） 　　．Read biographies of great leaders from home and abroad．By reading，you can learn a lot from their experiences and find out their secrets of success．Then you will be more（25） 　　of being a good leader．

Learn from student leaders in your school．There is no doubt that those leaders（26） 　　are popular with students in your school must have their advantages over others．Don't you want to know why  they are so successful？（27） 　　 an active part in the activities organized by the excellent leaders and learn from them at one，Then you will know the answer．

Practice what you have learned．Find the students that have the same interests as you have and start a club．Activities should be organized regularly in the club．When the members in your club have（28） 　　in solving problems，you should communicate with them and find out the causes of the problems．

After problems are solved，you can （29） 　　pleasure them．As time passes by，you will get more trust like those popular leaders．Sooner or later，you will be a good leader．In short，being a good leader needs courage and practice．Get started（30） 　　it's too late!As long as keep trying，you will develop your leadership skills．

根据短文内容选择最佳答案．

21．A．well	B．hardly	C．better
22．A．Unfortunately	B．Therefore	C．However
23．A．is	B．isn't	C．aren't
24．A．on your own	B．by mistake	C．by itself
25．A．afraid	B．confident	C．nervous
26．A．who	B．which	C．where
27．A．Taking	B．Taken	C．Take
28．A．fun	B．belief	C．trouble
29．A．share…with	B．keep…off	C．borrow…from
30．A．after	B．before	C．until．

Rethink， Reuse， Recycle!

（1） 　　can save lots of useful things． Do you often throw away things you don't need anymore？ Have you ever thought about how these things can actually be put to good （2） 　　？ （3） 　　is a waste if you have a creative mind．

You have probably never heard of Amy Hayes， an unusual woman． She lives in a house in the UK that she built herself out of rubbish． The windows and doors come from old buildings around her town that were pulled down． The top of the house is an old boat （4） 　　upside down． And the gate （5） 　　her house is made of rocks and old （6） 　　． Amy recently （7） 　　a prize from the Help Save Our Planet Society． The president said，"Amy is an inspiration to us all．"

Wang Tao set up a small business in Shanghai four years ago． He （8） 　　using iron and （9） 　　materials from old cars to make beautiful art pieces． Some are large pieces that look like animals or humans， and some are smaller pieces you can put at home． The more popular works can even be seen in art shops around the city． Wang Tao hopes to set up a "metal art" theme park （10） 　　people the importance of environmental protection．Not only can the art bring happiness to people， but it also shows that even cold， hard iron can be brought back to life with a little creativity．

（1）A．Recycled	B．Recycling	C．Recycles
（2）A．used	B．useless	C．use
（3）A．Nothing	B．Everything	C．Anything
（4）A．turned	B．turn	C．turning
（5）A．in the front of	B．in front of	C．at the front
（6）A．glass bottles	B．glasses bottles	C．glass bottle
（7）A．beat	B．won	C．beaten
（8）A．is known for	B．is known as	C．is known of
（9）A．other	B．others	C．the others
（10）A．show	B．showed	C．to show

The summer vacation is coming． During the vacation， you can do what you like and prepare yourself for the future． You'll enjoy this period of time to the fullest with the help of the following （1） 　　．

Take exercise． After working hard for months， you must be bored． Taking exercise is the best way to get （2） 　　again． Swimming and walking are perfect choices for you． All kinds of exercise （3） 　　your health．

Master some basic life skills． You will live an （4） 　　life one day． Therefore， you should learn some necessary and useful skills such as washing clothes and cooking． At the same time， you can help your parents （5） 　　housework to express your thanks to them．

Go travelling． The world is a book． Those who don't travel only read one page． Travelling is so （6） 　　． Have you made your own travel plan？ If not， do it （7） 　　! During the trip， you will have a chance to learn more knowledge． While learning about different cultures and customs， you will also make a lot of friends．

Enjoy time with family members． Family members play an important role in your life． They give you love， care and support all the time． Don't （8） 　　to spare some time to get together with them． You will find （9） 　　great to stay with them， talking about dreams， hobbies or anything you like．

 （10） 　　you follow what is mentioned above，you will have a wonderful vacation．

根据短文内容选择最佳答案．

（1）A．suggestions	B．classes	C．teams
（2）A．danger	B．money	C．energy
（3）A．are good at	B．are good for	C．are good with
（4）A．asleep	B．impolite	C．independent
（5）A．for	B．with	C．to
（6）A．terrible	B．useless	C．interesting
（7）A．so far	B．at once	C．no longer
（8）A．forget	B．to forget	C．forgetting
（9）A．it	B．one	C．that
（10）A．Though	B．Even if	C．As long as

Reading is a good hobby for all kinds of reasons． First， reading is fun． You can always keep yourself（1） 　　if you like reading． If you like reading， you will never feel bored（2） 　　tired．

Next， you can read a book（3） 　　： in a car， on a plane， or even in the bathroom． All you need is a（4） 　　! （5） 　　good reason for reading is that it is useful． If you read as a hobby， you will get better and better at it． And you will read faster and（6） 　　it easier to understand what you read． As your reading skills improve， you will probably find your schoolwork becomes much

（7） 　　．

Some people say that reading is out of date． This is not true． You can read（8） 　　computers， and the better you read， the better your computer skills will be．

Good readers may become writers， （9） 　　．They always have more things to write about．

Reading is a wonderful hobby．Why not（10） 　　reading right now？

（1）A．sad	B．happy	C．bored	D．tired
（2）A．or	B．and	C．but	D．so
（3）A．anybody	B． anything	C． anyone	D． anywhere
（4）A．desk	B． chair	C． box	D． book
（5）A．Another	B．The other	C．Other	D．Others
（6）A．finds	B．finding	C．find	D．to find
（7）A．better	B．good	C．well	D．best
（8）A．in	B．at	C．on	D．under
（9）A． also	B．either	C．too	D．to
（10）A． starts	B．start	C．to start	D． starting

Natural resources（资源）come from the earth．And they are limited．This means that they will not （41） 　　forever．Some are renewable，like trees，for example，you can plant a new tree when you （42） 　　one down．Others are not renewable，like the coal（煤）．Once it is dug out of the （43） 　　and used．it is gone．People realized the （44） 　　that the earth's natural resources are limited，and they decide to do something to help save （45） 　　．When you try to save one kind of natural resources，you had better use less of it，（46） 　　it will be used up so fast．One way that people save the fuel（燃料），such as gasoline，it's by riding a bicycle or working when the （47） 　　is short instead of driving．Water is a very important kind of natural resource because we all needed to keep （48） 　　．We can save water by making sure that our pipes and taps do not leak（漏）．We can also make （49） 　　 choices to save water，like only using the dishwasher or washing machine，not making the water keep running．Everyone can make contribution to （50） 　　natural resources．

41．A．last	B．spread	C．burn	D．change
42．A．turn	B．cut	C．put	D．move
43．A station	B．building	C．ground	D．house
44．A．news	B．plan	C．decision	D．fact
45．A．them	B．it	C．that	D．one
46．A．and	B．but	C．or	D．so
47．A．money	B．space	C．place	D．distance
48．A．alive	B．along	C．asleep	D．awake
49．A．generous	B．funny	C．wise	D．stupid
50．A．protecting	B．wasting	C．using	D．making．

If you often have a cold，headache or backache，there is something wrong with your health．Eating healthy food（46） 　　good for our health．Tofu （豆腐），milk，vegetables are healthy for us．

Tofu is a kind of common（47） 　　food．We often（48） 　　it in China．Now more and more people（49） 　　other countries think tofu is good for health，（50） 　　．They also like eating it．

Milk is（51） 　　kind of healthy food．Every day you should（52） 　　one or two glasses of milk．It can keep us（53） 　　Vegetables are very important．You should eat（54） 　　them，they are nutritious（有营养的）．As we know，it's important to keep a balanced diet （均衡饮食）．We must have the right kinds of food．We should also eat some pork，chicken and beef．We should eat more fruit and vegetables（55） 　　less meat．

46．A．are	B．was	C．will be	D．is
47．A．Japanese	B．American	C．English	D．Chinese
48．A．eat	B．drink	C．take	D．play
49．A．for	B．with	C．in	D．at
50．A．too	B．also	C．neither	D．either
51．A．the other	B．other	C．another	D．others
52．A．drinking	B．drink	C．take	D．to take
53．A．strong	B．weak	C．thin	D．heavy
54．A．a lot	B．plenty	C．much	D．a lot of
55．A．as	B．never	C．but	D．though．

Beijing Opera

Beijing Opera is our national opera．It（31） 　　after 1790and has a history of（32）____ 　200years．Its music and singing came fromareXipi and Erhuang in Anhui and Huibei．There（33） 　　main roles in Beijing Opera：Sheng，Dan，Jing，and Chou．Beijing Opera（34） 　　famous stories，beautiful facial paintings，wonderful gestures and fighting．Some of the stories are from history books，but most are from famous novels．The people in the stories usually can't agree（35） 　　each other．They become angry，unhappy，sad and（36） 　　．Sometimes they are frightened and worried．Then they find a way to make（37） 　　with each other．Everyone is usually happy（38） 　　．

Beijing Opera is an important part of Chinese culture．In China it used to be popular with old people（39） 　　young people didn't like it very much．However，more young people are becoming interested in it nowadays．And more people around the world（40） 　　Beijing Opera's special singing，acting and facial paintings．

31．A、come into being	B、came into being	C、come across	D、came over
32．A、over	B、in	C、on	D、during
33．A、five	B、four	C、three	D、two
34．A、was full of	B、was filled in	C、is full of	D、was filled with
35．A、on	B、at	C、to	D、with
36．A、tired	B、bored	C、lonely	D、alone
37．A、peace	B、friend	C、peaces	D、friends
38．A、at the end	B、in the end	C、at first	D、at the beginning
39．A、when	B、as soon as	C、after	D、while
40．A、are learning about	B、were learning about	C、are learning from	D、learned from．

How to Succeed in High School

You have been familiar with the learning environment in your middle school，and it feels like home．So it is not always easy to say"（1） 　　" to middle school．

After entering high school，you may face some new challenges．The schoolwork may become more difficult and require greater skills．Most students need support．Teachers and parents may give you a hand．However，you can't（2） 　　others all the time．What can you do？Here are some suggestions：

▪Understand what kind of learner you are．Do you need silence to focus？Then make sure the TV is not on when you are studying．Provide yourself with a（3） 　　learning environment at home．Some students focus better in the morning；others at night．Find the right（4） 　　so that your efforts will work well．

▪Learn to be better organized．It might be helpful when you get used to making a to﹣do﹣lit of all your schoolwork，and checking each item off when it is completed．Try to（5） 　 __ 　your work．This will create smaller，more manageable tasks out of the larger ones．Big projects seem less difficult if they are done step by step．

▪Form good reading habits．Read every day ﹣ the more，the better．It doesn't matter what you read．Reading newspaper regularly is a good choice．Newspapers provide plenty of details and background．（6） 　　，information you get from newspapers is usually official and true．

High school life can be enjoyable．Old friendships might come undone and new ones will develop．Hope you will feel confident and perform well in high school!

（1）A．hello	B．bye﹣bye	C．sorry	D．thanks
（2）A．care for	B．depend on	C．compete with	D．worry about
（3）A warm	B．clean	C．quiet	D．safe
（4）A．time	B．place	C．habit	D．skill
（5）A．divide	B．finish	C．remember	D．correct
（6）A．For example	B．In brief	C．On average	D．In addition

Recently，many people have begun to try a new way of doing shopping through the Internet．They are interested（1） 　　it．Why is it becoming more and more popular now？There are some （2） 　　．First，more and more people （3） 　　their own computers and their computers can be joined with the Internet．（4） 　　it is possible for many of them to do shopping through the Internet．Second，shopping through the Internet can save them some money and （5） 　　time．Third，they don't need to go to the （6） 　　themselves．Because of these good facts，few people refuse it．

On the other hand，some people don't like this new way of （7） 　　．They are （8） 　　about the safety of shopping online．Customers can only （9） 　　the pictures of a product on the Internet．And they can't enjoy the pleasure of getting things at once．There are the reasons why they do not like it．

But I think more and more people （10） 　　this new kind of shopping in the future．

（1）A． on	B． to	C． in	D． at
（2）A． excuses	B． reasons	C． things	D． methods
（3）A． have	B． has	C． had	D． having
（4）A． So	B． And	C． But	D． Because
（5）A． a number of	B． a lot of	C． a few	D． many
（6）A． library	B． hospital	C． gym	D． store
（7）A． eating	B． visiting	C． shopping	D． cooking
（8）A． pleasing	B． worrying	C． pleased	D． worried
（9）A． draw	B． see	C． show	D． buy
（10）A． will like	B． likes	C． like	D． liked