Students at a primary school in Fuzhou，Hast China's Fujian Province were required to clean the school toilets to help them develop good habits．But some parents are strongly against the idea．They can't see the advantages of students doing such chores （杂亊）．They think that the school should provide students with a proper education，not the chance to be school cleaners．
In fact，parents，schools and society play an equally （同等地）important role in developing the character of students．It is good for schools to give students such tasks，because few of the students will do them at home．Their parents want them to do homework only．
In recent years，some parents will make mountains out of molehills when students are asked to do some chores in schools．Some complain about the teachers if their kids get hurt in schools； some even challenge the schools'teaching methods and management．As a result，many primary schools，especially those in big cities，do not let students join in outdoor activities during breaks，fearing that they might get hurt．This is bad for the development of students'best qualities．
What the primary school in Fuzhou is doing is worth praising．Doing chores can put a sense of responsibility into students'minds and teach them the spirit of rules as well as teamwork．Also，it can make students'in﹣school experiences more meaningful．
34．A primary school in Fuzhou required the students to ．
A．do homework only
B．finish homework at school
C．clean the playground
D．clean the school toilets
35．Some parents think that the school should provide students with ．
A．a proper education
B．a chance to be cleaners
C．a chance to be teachers
D．more housework
36．The underlined phrase "make mountains out of molehills" means
A．愚公移山
B．山穷水尽
C．小题大做
D．眉飞色舞
37．What is the main idea of the passage？
A．Students shouldn't do any chores in school．
B．Parents require students to do some chores in school．
C．Some parents think doing some chores is harmful to students．
D．Doing some chores can develop students'good qualities．
In the summer between my first year and second year in college，I was invited to be an instructor （辅导员）at a high school camp．On the first day，when we were dancing and playing games，I noticed a boy under the tree who was small and thin．His shyness made him appear weak．I walked towards him，introduced myself and invited him to join in the activities and meet some new people．He quietly replied，"No，I really don't want to do this．"I could understand that he was in a new world but I knew it wouldn't be right to force him，either．Actually，the boy didn't need a close talk but a friend．
At lunch the next day，I was leading camp songs when 1saw the boy under the tree sitting alone．I tried again with the same invitation，but he refused once again．That evening I was told the boy's name was Tommy．Then I asked the campers to pay special attention to the boy and spend time with him when they could．
The days went by and the time came when we had to leave．We held a big，warm party to celebrate the closing of the camp．All the campers shared their wonderful moments．To my surprise.1found the boy from under the tree dancing joyfully with two girls．I couldn't believe it was the same person．
In October of my second year，I received a phone call from Tommy's mother．She told me that Tommy was hit by a car and killed．I offered my deep sadness．The mother said："'Tommy mentioned you so many times．I want you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence．You made a difference for Tommy during his last months．"
At that moment，I realized how easy it was to give a bit of yourself every day．You may never know how much each gesture may mean to someone else．I hope that everyone can pay attention to their own"boy under the tree"．
30．Before the writer came to the high school summer camp，he was a （n） ．
A．instructor |
B．camper |
C．student |
D．reporter |
31．How many times did the writer invite the boy to join in the activities？
A．Once |
B．Twice |
C．Three times |
D．Many times |
32．Which is the correct order about the story？
①The boy danced joyfully with two girls．
②The boy went back to school and made new friends．
③The boy refused to join in the activities．
④The boy's mother made a phone call to the writer．
A．①②③④ |
B．②③①④ |
C．③①②④ |
D．④③②① |
33．From Paragraph 4，we can infer （推断）that Tommy's mother was very to the writer．
A．thankful |
B．helpful |
C．faithful |
D．harmful． |
阅读以下材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题．
One month earlier…
Holly is reading a magazine．
Holly's New Friend Dogs are so cute．And cats are so sweet．People think they make really great gifts at Christmas．But a few weeks later，they get bored with their new pets．They don't want to take their dogs for a walk．Cats can scratch the furniture．And every pet takes a lot of their time． They're expensive，too．Not just for food，but think of all those vet's bills !So what happens？Every year，people put their pets in their cars，drive for kilometers，then leave these poor animals at the side of the road． They abandon them! |
Holly puts down the magazine． Her eyes are red．
（1）What magazine was Holly reading？
A． Animal World．
B． Pets Food．
C． Christmas Gifts．
D． My New Friday．
（2）How did Holly feel after reading the magazine？
A． She's happy．
B． She's tired．
C． She's excited．
D． She's sad．
（3）Why do people get bored with their pets according to Pets are for life？
A． Because they think pets are too noisy．
B． Because dogs scratch the furniture．
C． Because pets cost much money and time．
D． Because pets make rooms dirty．
（4）The underlined words "abandon them" can be taken the place of by ．
A．"leave them behind"
B． "give them out"
C． "put them away"
D．"help them out"
（5）Which of the following is NOT true？
A． Pets are great gift at Christmas．
B． Pets are for life is on Page 14 in the magazine．
C． People need to pay for the pet food and vet's bills．
D． Holly read the magazine a month ago．
Root Vegetables
Would you like to eat a root？ You probably already have． People and animals eat many kinds of
roots． ①Most roots that people eat are usually called root vegetables． A root vegetable is what we call veggies that grow underground．
A carrot
is one type of root vegetable． It is the orange， edible root of the carrot plant．②
to， many， in， like， people， salad， put， it（．） A turnip 
is another root vegetable． It is a member of the cabbage family． Turnips are usually eaten boiled， steamed， roasted， fried， pickled，or even raw．
③Although some people do not consider potatoes to be a veggie， but they are a root vegetable．
People like to eat them mashed， boiled， and fried． Sweet potatoes， yams， beets， and leeks are some other root vegetables that people like to eat．
（1）将文中①处画线句子翻译为汉语．
（2）将文中②处画线单词连词成句，标点符号已在括号内给出． ．
（3）文中③处画线句子有一处错误，改正并抄写．
（4）What is this story mostly about？
（5）What is a root vegetable？
What Does a Lifelong Learner Look Like？
Lifelong learners never think of themselves as the greatest expert in anything． They continue to learn and bring a great deal to the groups they belong to． What does a lifelong learner look like？
Here are some of their main characteristics（特征）．
•They are knowledge seekers． They are always searching for much information on a topic they're interested in and looking for new experience or opportunities to improve their knowledge or skills．
•They are social and self﹣directed learners． They like taking different courses and taking part in discussions around subjects they are interested in． They also know their own learning styles， and their strengths and weaknesses． They can plan and organize their own learning．
•They are critical（批判性的） thinkers． They always use a lot of ways to analyze（分析） and synthesize（合成） information． From their research they judge the information to see if it is useful for the question at hand．
•They are problem solvers． They will meet different problems while learning． However， they usually see problems as challenges and life experiences and try to stand above them．
（1）What does the underlined "knowledge seekers" mean ？
A． Persons who are looking for knowledge．
B． Persons who are teaching knowledge．
C． Persons whose jobs are inventing knowledge．
D． Persons who are testing knowledge．
（2）What can be put in the blank（空白处） ？
A． They don't like learning on society．
B． They learn both from and with others．
C． They learn from plants and animals．
D． They invite each other to parties．
（3）Which of the following most clearly shows you are a critical thinker ？
A． You always use a lot of ways to analyse and synthesize information．
B． You believe in the information you get and use them in your study．
C． You correct mistakes someone makes as soon as you find them．
D． You ask others for help when you can't correct your own mistakes．
（4）How is the passage organized ？（P＝ Paragraph）
（5）What is the purpose of the passage ？
A． To describe the height， clothes and hairstyle of a lifelong learner．
B． To explain the relationship between common people and lifelong learners．
C． To suggest lifelong learners become experts．
D． To introduce some of the main characteristics lifelong learners have．
【考点教育文化类阅读．
Do you check your mobile phone often？ Do you feel anxious if your mobile phone is not with you？ When there is no WiFi or signal for your mobile phone， will you get nervous？ If you say yes，then you've got addiction（上瘾） to mobile phones．
①Nowadays， we can see the scene everywhere in the life： in subways， restaurants， roads， people are watching their mobile phones． From family party to dating with a friend， people couldn't stop checking their twitter， WeChat， facebook on the mobile phones and snubbing（忽视）the persons in front completely． Phubbing （低头症） influences not only the young people， but also the old and even the kids．
"Phubbing" is a new word which comes from the words "phone" and "snub"． It describes the habit of snubbing someone in favor of a mobile phone． ②因为玩手机，更多的人变得沉默．They do nothing but bow to play mobile phones．③time， spend，too， they， phones， much， the， on（．） And they don' t have time to communicate with persons in real life．
If we keep playing with phones when we are with our friends or family， we will spend less time talking to them． In fact， they need and deserve to be cared for．
Let us put down the cell phones and enjoy the nature， the food， the books and all the beautiful
things and persons around us．
（1）将文中①处画线句子翻译成汉语．
（2）将文中②处画线句子翻译成英语．
（3）Where does the word "phubbing" come from？
（4）将文中③处画线内容，连词成句，题中标点已给出．
（5）What advice does the writer give to the people who have "phubbing"？
The Future of Chinese
Do you know that one fifth of the planet speaks Chinese？About 873million people speak ①it at home in China，people in Singapore，Malaysia and some other Asian countries also speak Chinese．②That makes Chinese the most widely used first languages in the world．
③ in，Chinese，schoolchildren，UK，the，are，USA，and，learning （．） In the future，people will speak Chinese as an international language because China is becoming a very important country in the world．④Many foreigners visit China，and many countries trade China． China is a world leader，and so many people will learn Chinese and speak Chinese as an international language．
66．写出文中①处画线代词的所指内容．
67．将文中②处画线句子翻译成汉语．
68．将文中③处画线内容连词成句．（标点符号已在括号内给出）
69．文中④处画线句子有一处错误，改正、将正确的句子抄写在横线上．
70．Why does the writer think Chinese will be an international language？ ．
Bullying（欺凌） has become a big problem in schools，which has caused serious attention of the society．To know what drives bullying will help to stop it．①There are many factors that make a child involve in bullying：②Parents are busy with their work，leaving their children alone with the grandparents． They don't get love or warmth from their parents．Children who are bullied are easier to bully others．Some children bully others to get respect from other kids．Teenage girls bully to win attention or love from someone．Movies，video games also play a role in a child's bullying action．
Parents，teachers，schools and society should ③work jointly to stop bullying．As students，you should respect others and not make fun of their weaknesses．If you are bullied，you have the right to tell your parents or teachers about it first and ask them for help．
（1）文中①处画线句子中有一个单纯的意思是"因素"，这个词是
（2）将文中②处画线句子翻译成汉语．
（3）文中③处"work jointly"means"work together"．Do you think so？
（4）Why do teenage girls bully others？
（5）What should students do to stoop bullying？
．
It is no longer as easy as it once was to choose what to eat．Our eating habits have changed，so has our way of life，and what we need for our bodies is also different．Traditional diets often have too much fat．So we had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat．
When we choose what to buy and eat，we had better think whether the food will give us the nutrients we need．Some nutrients help build our bodies and make them stronger．We eat fish，meat and beans because the nutrient in them is good for our muscles．We choose eggs，milk and other dairy products（奶制品），which are good for our bones and teeth．We eat bread，rice and noodles to get carbohydrates （糖类） from them．We choose vegetables and fruits get Vitamins，fiber and minerals．
But the choice we make are not just about nutrition（营养）．Many today choose what to eat according to their beliefs．Some people become vegetarians（素食者） because they believe it is healthier not to eat meat or they think we should not kill animals for food．
66．It is not easy to choose what to eat nowadays because ．
A．our eating habits have changed
B．our bodies are different
C．our way of life has changed
D．Both A and C
67．If you want to keep your bones strong and healthy，you had better choose to eat．
A．fish and meat
B．meat and beans
C．eggs and milk
D．vegetables and fruits
68．What does nutrients mean？
A．蛋白质
B．营养物质
C．脂肪
D．钙
69．Some people don't eat meat because ．
A．they don't like animals
B．they believe animals should be protected
C．they don't meat
D．they think meat is not safe
70．We can probably get this information from a guidebook（指南） ．
A．for diets
B．for medicines
C．for travelling
D．for cooking．
As the saying goes，"If at first you don't succeed，try，try again．"This is never truer than when you are trying to master English．Lai Shixiong，a respected English master from Taiwan，has a story to share．
Like many non﹣native speakers，Lai failed when he first started learning English．When he was in high school，he once got an unbelievably low mark of 7 out of 100 on an English test．He almost gave up on English，but then he entered a military school （军校），where he met a classmate who was good at English．
Amazed by his classmate's American accent，Lai decided to start learning English from the beginning．As he put it．"I saw myself as a baby who had just started to learn a language．"To correct his pronunciation，Lai practiced phonetic symbols（音标）hundreds of times every day using records．
When he was able to pronounce words，Lai said he began to practice dialogues．Not being able to find someone to praclice with，Lai created a learning atmosphere（氛围）on his own．"I just talked to myself as if I were in a dialogue．"he said．
Lai also thought of ways to improve his skills．He used English to describe everything he saw．He even translated speeches when he went to class meetings at the military school．He also read and listened to English news to learn new expressions．
"There is no shortcut to mastering a language．You have to practice，"Lai said．After all，Rome wasn't built in a day．
61．What should we do if we want to master English according to the passage？
A．Keep trying．
B．Turn to a teacher．
C．Share your story with others．
D．Ask a classmate for help．
62．What's the main idea of the second paragraph？
A．Lai met a classmate．
B．Lai entered a military school．
C．Lai used to be weak in English．
D．Lai learned English after school．
63．Whom did lai talk to when he practiced dialogues？
A．Himself．
B．His brother．
C．A classmate．
D．An English teacher．
64．How did Lai improve his skills in English？
A．By using an old dictionary．
B．By reading and listening to English news．
C．By pronouncing a new word a hundred times．
D．By describing what he saw in English and Chinese．
65．How do you like Lai Shixiong？
A．Easy﹣going and wise．
B．Helpful and successful．
C．Kind﹣hearted and honest．
D．Patient and hard﹣working．
There were three big fish in the lake．One of them，Demo，was wise；another one，Jimmy，was half﹣wise；Martin，the third one，was stupid．
Some fishermen came to the bank of the lake with their nets．The three fish saw them．
Demo decided at once to leave，to make the long and difficult trip to the ocean．He thought，"I won't discuss with these two about this．They love this place so much that they call it home and will stay on．How silly they are!They still haven't realized we are in great danger now．Their ignorance will cost them their lives．"
Seeing the wise fish had left，Jimmy thought，"My guide has gone and now I've lost my chance to escape．"He felt sorry for it and then thought，"What can I do to save myself from these men and their nets？Perhaps I should pretend （假装）to be already dead，giving myself totally to the water．"So he did that．He went up and down with the water，helpless，within arm's reach of the fishermen．
"Look at this!The best and biggest fish is dead．"One of the men lifted him by the tail，and threw him up on the ground．He rolled （滚动）over and over and moved secretly toward the water，and then，back in．
The third fish was aimlessly jumping about，trying to escape with his speed and cleverness．The net，of course，finally closed around him，and as he lay in the hot frying﹣pan bed，he thought，"If I get out of this，I'll never live again in the limits of the lake．Next time，the ocean!I'll make it my home．"
56．The passage is a
A．diary
B．story
C．notice
57．The underlined word"ignorance"in the passage means" "in Chinese．
A．冲动
B．勇气
C．愚昧
58．Jimmy thought that he could escape from the fishermen by ．
A．traveling to the ocean
B．pretending to be dead
C．jumping here and there
59．Who was caught by the fishermen at last？
A．Demo
B．Jimmy．
C．Martin．
60．What can we learn from the passage？
A．It is important to make proper changes in time．
B．Good chances are always given to the honest．
C．The stupid can also succeed with great efforts．
How Much Can We Afford to Forget？
In 2018， Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students． Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts and have more space for creative activities． As the Internet grows more powerful， students can access （获得） knowledge easily． Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads？
Civilizations（文明）develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary． In the Agricultural（农业的）Age， a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills． When societies industrialized， the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget． Nowadays， smart machines give us access to most human knowledge． It seems that we no longer need to remember most things． Does it matter？
Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen． For one，human beings have biases（偏见），and smart machines are likely to increase our biases． Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective，but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process．In the process， human beings still decide on the correct answers．
Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information． When there were no computers， efforts were required to get knowledge from other people， or go to the library． We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books， and what lies in our heads． But today， the Internet gives us the information we need quickly． This can lead to the mistaken belief﹣the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along．
In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence， we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored． But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily． The collapse of any of the networks of relations our well﹣being（健康）depends upon， such as food and energy， would produce terrible results． Without food we get hungry； without energy we feel cold．And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age．
We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills．As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks， and can be found when we need them， perhaps they're not really forgotten． Still， as time goes on， we gradually but unquestionably become strangers to future people．
（1）Why are smart machines likely to increase our biases？
A．Because they go off course in testing and scoring．
B．Because we control the training process on them，
C．Because we offer them too much information．
D．Because they overuse the provided answers．
（2）The ease of accessing information from the Internet •
A． frees us from making efforts to learn new skills
B． prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speed
C．misleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledge
D．separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines
（3）The word "collapse" in Paragraph 5 probably means" "．
A．a sudden failure
B．the basic rule
C．a disappointing start
D． the gradual development
（4）What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage？
A．To question about the standards of information storage．
B．To discuss our problems of communication with machines．
C．To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability．
D．To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember．
Sometimes it seems that time is flying． Perhaps it doesn't need to feel this way． Our experience of time can be possibly changed． By understanding the psychological （心理学的） processes behind our different experiences of time， we might be able to slow down time a little．
One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we're exposed（接触） to new environments and experiences． The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process． The more information our minds take in， the slower time seems to pass．
It follows， then， that we have different experiences of time in different situations． In some situations， our life is full of new experiences． Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down． In other situations， we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar（熟悉的）． We become insensitive to our experience， which means we process less information， and time seems to speed up．
How can we slow down time？ Here are two suggestions．
Firstly， since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster， we can expose ourselves to as many new experiences as possible． We can give ourselves new challenges， meet new people， and expose our minds to new information， hobbies and skills． This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand （增加） our experience of time．
Secondly， and perhaps most effectively， we can give our whole attention to an experience﹣to what we are seeing， feeling， tasting， smelling or hearing． This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts． For example， on the way home， focus your attention outside of yourself， instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with． Look at the sky， or at the buildings you pass， traveling among them． This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time﹣expanding effect．
To a certain degree， we can understand and control our experience of time passing． It's possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience of time．
（1）According to the writer， we can expand our experience of time by ．
A． going to bed on time
B． traveling to new places
C． having dinner as usual
D． printing the same materials
（2）What can we learn from the passage？
A． Being familiar with the world around helps us get more information．
B． Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quickly．
C． We can take in more information by living through our senses．
D． We should build a stronger relationship between time and us．
（3）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？
A． Slow Down Time
B． Only Time Will Tell
C． Race Against Time
D． Time Will Not Come Twice
Say you're sitting around with some friends playing video games and someone mentions a game that happens to be one of your favorites．"Oh，that game's easy．So not worth the time，"one of your friends says．The others agree．Although you enjoy the game quite a lot，not wanting to argue with them，you go along with the crowd．
You have just experienced what is commonly referred to as peer pressure（同伴压力），also called peer
influence．You will adopt a certain type of behavior，dress，or attitude in order to be accepted as part of a group of your"peers"．As a teen，you are likely to have experienced the effect of peer pressure in a number of different areas．
We are all influenced by our peers at any age．For teens，as school and other activities take you away
from home，you may spend more time with your friends than with your family．As you become more
independent，your peers naturally play a greater role in your life．
According to Dr．Casey from Cornell University，teens are very quick and accurate in making decisions
on their own and in situations where they have time to think．However，when they make decisions in the
heat of the momentor in social situations，their decisions are often influenced by factors like peers．In a
recent study，teen volunteers played a video driving game，either alone or with friends watching．The
researchers discovered that the number of risks teens took more than doubled when their friends were
watching，compared with when they played alone．This shows that teens may find it more difficult to control risky behavior when their friends are around，or in situations where they are extremely angry．
Just as people can influence us to make unwise choices，they can also influence us to make good ones．A teen might join in a volunteer project because his or her friends are doing it，or get good grades because his or her friends think getting good grades is important．In fact，friends often encourage each other to study，or try out for sports．
While we are always influenced by those around us，the decision to act or not is up to us．So when it
comes to decision making，the choice is up to you．
52．According to the passage，Dr．Casey probably agrees that teens ．
A．like to play driving games with their friends
B．prefer situations where they have time to think
C．may take more risks when their friends are around
D．are slow in making decisions when they are on their own
53．The words" in the heat of the moment"in Paragraph 4 probably mean" "．
A．when teens avoid possible risks
B．when teens trust their judgment
C．when teens lose control over their anger
D．when teens give consideration to situations
54．What can we learn from the passage？
A．Teens are eager to be different from their peers．
B．Peer pressure has effects on both teens and adults．
C．Peer pressure does more harm than good to teens．
D．Tees think it challenging to get good grades at school．
55．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？
A．Peer Pressure：Is It Necessary to Deal with It？
B．Peer Pressure：Is It Possible to Get Away from It？
C．Peer Pressure：Its Benefits to Teens and Friend Making
D．Peer Pressure：Its Influence on Teens and Decision Making．
Would you like to live in a city where buildings turn the lights off for you， and self﹣driving cars will find the nearest parking space themselves？ Although it might sound a little far from you， living in a "smart" city like this could happen sooner than you think．
Great changes have taken place in towns that we have lived in for centuries， while completely new cities are being built． One such place is the city of Songdo． Every home there will have a "telepresence" system（远程遥控系统）﹣ allowing users to control the heating and locks， take part in video meetings， and receive education， healthcare and government services． Around the city， escalators（自动扶梯） will only move when someone is on them， and offices and schools will all be connected to the system．
The great mind behind Songdo is from the company Cisco． In fact， technology companies around the world such as IBM， Siemens and Microsoft are already in the business．
About 75% of the world's population will live in cities by 2050， so cities will need to be more modern to deal with the coming problems． " Making cities smarter is one way out， and I think this will in turn make cities greener， "said Dan Hill， head of a research company．
（1）According to the text， living in a "smart" city ．
A． is not a green way
B． will be far from you
C． will soon become true
D． is completely impossible
（2）What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？
A． A city of the future．
B． A meeting in Songdo．
C． A plan to build a house．
D． A report on public health．
（3）Which company offers the great mind to build Songdo？
A． Cisco．
B． IBM．
C． Siemens．
D． Microsoft．
（4）Dan Hill thinks that making cities smarter is one way to ．
A． drive people out of cities
B． control the world's population
C． develop his own company
D． solve the cities' coming problems
（5）Which of the following might be the best title for the text？
A． Future Education
B． Smart Cities
C． Government Services
D． Famous companies
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