Part IV Writing （45 marks）
Section A （10 marks）
Directions: Read the following passage．Fill in the numbered blanks by using the
information from the passage.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
The X- Factor (英国偶像), Britain's got talent（英国达人）, American Idol（美国偶像）and Super girl, TV talent shows are popular all over the world.
There are many reasons for that. To start with, the show can make the contestant(选手) famous overnight. Susan Boyle was an ordinary English woman before she appeared on Britain’s Got talent, in which she sang “I Dreamed a Dream”. The video clip (片段) of her performance was viewed more than 50 million times within a few weeks. Second, the show offers a good opportunity to display one’s talents. Third, everybody has a fair chance to be involved in the show regardless of the age and background. Even if you can’t perform in the show, you can vote for your favorite contestant through cell phones and the Internet. Fourth, the fun and humorous style also appeals to young people. Last but not least, the modern media such as TV and the Internet contributes greatly to its rapid popularity.
However, many people express concerns about TV talent shows. They argue that the TV talent show misleads the young people and makes them believe that they can become famous overnight. Some think the show only creates entertainers rather than artists, because many winners have little idea about real music and acting. What’s worse, some judges even humiliate (羞辱) and laugh at contestants. One contestant from American Idol committed suicide because she couldn’t stand the rejection and humiliation. Even the winners suffer. Susan Boyle suffered a nervous breakdown soon after the show, because she was unable to deal with the pressure.
Many countries have realized the problems and taken some steps to regulate the show. The UK requires that contestants younger than 16 not be allowed to participate. China bans TV talent shows to be broadcast during the prime time. In the USA, some insulting judges are punished.
PART Ⅳ WRITING (45 marks)
Section A (10 marks)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blankets by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Like our body, our memory needs regular exercise to be in good condition. Like the sportsman who must train to allow the body to respond to difficult times, the memory needs its own special training in order to stay in “shape” and improve.
There are many factors that can cause poor memory like insomnia (失眠), depression and alcohol. However, there are simple ways which you can follow to keep your memory in shape and actually help you to improve your memory’s condition and performance.
Never stop learning. Look for topics that interest you and really get involved in learning new information about them. Reading and attending lectures or programs are sources of continuous education of your brain with beneficial results to your memory.
Develop your social and family relationships. The more social you are, the better it is for your brain. Studies have shown that the brain and heart have a lot to gain from good family and social relationships.
Exercise your mind with games. The more you use your brain, the more you help your memory stay in shape. There are many games that can make you an intelligent person as well as entertain you such as chess, puzzles and board games.
Exercise physically can improve your memory. This type of exercise improves the circulatory （血液循环的） system. Even the simple but regular daily exercise such as fast walking can improve the heart and oxygenation（供氧） of the brain. The benefits of exercise affect positively many body systems, as well as our memory and other cognitive（认知的） capabilities.
Eat more fruit and vegetables. What we eat every day affects the performance and long-term condition of our memory. Fruit and vegetables are an excellent source of antioxidants（抗氧化剂） and vitamins that can help and benefit the nervous system.
So our memory is like a sportsman. The more we practice our brains and memory, the better their performance will be.
Title: How to improve memory
| Topic |
||
| Ways to improve memory |
Never stop learning |
|
| Develop social and family relationships |
Good family and social relationships are beneficial to your brain and contribute to |
|
| Exercise mind with games |
Play chess, puzzles or board games, which is of great benefit to your intelligence and also offers you |
|
| Take |
Physical exercise improves the |
|
| Eat more fruit and vegetables. |
Fruit and vegetables are |
|
| If we practice brains and memory more, they will |
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的词（每空1词）。
Cheating on exams is popular in the various kinds of exams in colleges. Students don't feel shame to cheat on exams. Most of them don't care about cheating on exams. They know that results of cheating on exams aren't serious punishment, which leads to frequent cheatings on exams.
At the University of Nevada, after students photographed test questions with their cellphone cameras, transmitted them to classmates outside the exam room and got the answers back in text messages, the university put in place a new monitoring system.
With their electronic tools, students these days find it easier to cheat. And so, faced with a lot of the latest technology in recent years, college officials find themselves in a new game of cat and mouse, trying to outwit(胜过) would-be cheats this exam season with a range of strategies--cutting off Internet access from laptops, or demanding the surrender(交出) of cellphones before tests.
Mr Dapremont said technology had made cheating easier, but added that plagiarism(抄袭) in writing papers was probably a bigger problem because students can easily lift other people's writings off the Internet.
Still, some students said they thought cheating these days was more a product of the attitude, not the tools at hand. Pressure to succeed sometimes clouds everything and makes people do things that they shouldn't do. Students today feel more pressure to do well in order to graduate from school and secure a job.
Whatever the reasons for cheating, college officials say the battle against it is wearing them out. First, people cheating on exams will lose interest in studying. Second, he thinks studying isn't meaningful. Even though he doesn't do anything, he can get scores. Third, people cheating on exams will influence others. Plenty of people working hard think that their records are lower than people cheating on exams. Thus, we must ban cheating on exams. We should reduce opportunity of cheating on exams.
Most Americans still believe that honesty is an important part of the American character. For that reason, there are numerous watch-dog committees at all levels of society. Although signs of dishonesty in school, business, and government seem much more numerous in recent years than in the past, could it be that we are getting better at revealing such dishonesty?
Many educators feel that as students gain confidence in themselves and their abilities, they are less likely to cheat. Surprisingly, some efforts to prevent cheating may actually encourage cheating--a person may feel "they don't trust me anyway", and be tempted to "beat the system". Distrust can be contagious (传染的). But, so can trust.
| Title |
Cheating on Exams |
| Phenomena |
●Cheating on exams gains high ●Students don't feel shame or |
| Means of cheating |
__ |
| Reasons |
●Cheating won't cause anyone to be ●The latest technology makes one cheat more easily. ●Bigger pressure forces students to do well to ensure |
| ●Cheating will ●People will think there is no ●People cheating on exams will influence others negatively. |
|
| Ways |
●Encourage people to be ●Let students |
SECTION A（共10小题；每小题 1分，满分10分）
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Ready to give up long showers, water parks, and unlimited water gushing（喷涌） out of your taps? A new study says more than three-hundred-thirty-five-million people are faced with water shortage now. The oceans are full, of course. But the liquid—fresh, clean water for drinking and watering crops is in short supply in many parts of the world. Rivers are running low, lakes are shrinking, streams have stopped flowing, and groundwater is being pumped dry. However, the demand for water keeps increasing. So there comes inevitably the water crisis!
What is causing the crisis? Experts say it is a complex combination of climate change and rapid population growth. On the one hand, global climate change threatens to reduce water supplies due to decreased rainfall. On the other hand, population growth is driving explosive demand for water, prompting rivers in thirsty countries to be tapped for nearly every drop and driving governments to pump out so-called fossil water.
Lack of water may result in several problems. It may increase health problems. Lack of water often means drinking waters are not safe. Lack of water may also result in more international conflict. Countries may have to compete for water in the future. Some countries now get sixty percent of their fresh water from other countries. And lack of water would affect the ability of developing to improve their economies. This is because new industries often need a large amount of water when they are beginning.
One partial answer to the world water shortage, at least for countries near the sea, is to build more desalination plants that change seawater into fresh water. Another suggested solution is for water-rich countries, such as Canada, to sell water to countries which are poor in water. A third suggestion is for countries to adopt ways of increasing the freshwater supply, such as teaching farmers in Africa methods to get clean rainwater. And nearly everyone agreed that the amount of water on our planet can’t be changed, but the way we use it can be if more people realized the problem. Last and the most important, public should be aware of saving water to defeat the water crisis.
Title:
I. Present situation:
★ Rivers are .
★ Lakes are shrinking.
★ Streams have stopped flowing.
★ is drying up.
II. :
★ climate change →decreased rainfall → water supplies
★ population growth →rivers and fossil water to be pumped out
III. Consequences:
★ health problems
★.
★ the affected ability of developing to improve economies
IV. :
★ turning seawater into freshwater
★ water-rich countries selling water to 7 countries
★ exploring methods of getting clean rainwater
★ changing the way people use water
★ arousing of saving water
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Every person needs energy to go about the day and continue to function correctly. To get this energy, you eat, and your body changes the food into the nutrients and energy you need to survive. Your metabolism (新陈代谢) is directly related to how quickly and efficiently your body creates this energy, and if it takes too long, the food gets stored as fat. A slow metabolism will leave you with less energy and more weight than you probably desire.
Your basal metabolic rate (基础代谢率) is the amount of energy your body consumes while you're resting. When people say they have a slow metabolism, they mean they have a slow basal metabolic rate. Increasing this number is possible through exercise and muscle building.
According to Metabolism-Advice. com, as your age, your basal metabolic rate will lower as your body begins to deteriorate (衰退). At the age of 30, your body will stop producing the high levels of growth hormone it previously produces. Your body senses that it's done growing at 30, so it uses the resources elsewhere. Unfortunately, that means that your muscle will deteriorate more rapidly than before. While you can’t block age's effects or your metabolism, you can fight against it with regular exercise that builds muscle.
Although muscle deteriorates quicker with age, a lack of exercise will hurt your metabolism at any age. The muscle developed during exercise is vital to maintaining a healthy body with a normal basal metabolic rate. Therefore, while cardiovascular(心血管的)exercise will burn fat during the work out, building muscle will wisely allow your body to use more calories to give you healthy energy instead of stored fat.
Another large factor that determines your basal metabolic rate is your eating habits. Metabolism-Advice. com suggests eating small meals every two to three hours. This will make sure that your metabolism is constantly working throughout your day. Another large factor is how healthily you eat. Taking in the required calories for your amount of daily activity will help keep your metabolism from lowering, but taking in too many calories may lead to fat.
Title: About slow metabolism
I . Definitions
●metabolism—how quickly and efficiently your body creates the energy for it
to function correctly
●basal metabolic rate—the amount of by your body when you're resting
●slow metabolism-slow basal metabolic rate
II. of slow metabolism
●giving a person less energy
●getting a person to _______________
III. of slow metabolism
●deterioration of your body exercise
●unhealthy .
●unhealthy diet
IV. to slow metabolism
●.____________________ to build muscle
●eating more often but ____________________
●_________________ your body requires for the daily activities
Jack Johnson is a singer and song writer known for his smooth voice and calming songs. His most recent album(专辑)is Sleep Through the Static. It is filled with personal songs about love, family and life. And this new album is also environmentally friendly.
Jack Johnson wrote the song Angel for his wife, Kim. When they met in college, Johnson was not a professional(专业的)musician. In fact, he used to be a professional surfer who rode ocean waves on a surfboard. Johnson has said that he started writing music and playing the guitar after a surfing accident. He later wrote several songs for a movie he made about surfing. In the song Go on Jack Johnson expresses what it is like to watch his two young sons grow up.
Jack Johnson may be a famous musician, but he does not like to lead a very public life. He likes to spend time with his family doing sports outdoors. Johnson is also very interested in environmental activities. Six years ago, he and his wife started the Kokua Hawaii Foundation to provide environmental education to school children. Jack Johnson’s new album shows another environmental effort. The whole album was made using energy power from the sun in his environmentally friendly recording studio (工作室).
Jack Johnson
| Profession (职业) |
In the past |
surfer |
| At present |
||
| What he is famous for |
Smooth voice and |
|
| His new album |
Sleep Through the Static |
Filled with personal songs about love, family and life |
| His songs |
Angel |
Writing it for his wife |
| Expressing what it is like to watch his two young sons grow up |
||
| What he doesn’t like |
Leading |
|
| Spending time with his family doing sports outdoors and environmental activities |
任务型阅读 (共 10 小题; 每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分)
Chronic disorganization occurs when one is habitually disorganized over a long period, which means the person is constantly unsystematic in how he conducts life and business. One suffering from this problem may find relief in the fact that it isn’t actually a disease or even an “official” disorder. It’s the continued lack of organization in one’s life.
Someone may become addicted to collecting a certain thing yet never organize the collection as it grows out of control. This can especially be a problem for those with a lot of time and money at hand, yet the problem can be serious for any type of person in a wide variety of situations.
One’s personal attitude can often be a big part of why the chronic disorganization exists. Once the attitude of acceptance about being a “slob” is in someone’s head, it’s hard to remove. If someone tells himself that he is a slob, he will likely live up to that self-image created by him or by those around him.
One first receives true awareness of the disorder of chronic disorganization when it starts to negatively affect relationships with friends and family members. Everybody becomes affected by this situation, especially those sharing living places with the one involved.
The National Study Group for Chronic Disorganization (HSGCD) recommends that one get help through a professional organizer. The study found that all of the subjects in the study had problems with making decisions. There were varied reasons given for this problem of decision-making. Among them were fears and prioritizing issues. Research is ongoing for the link between problems in decision-making and chronic disorganization.
Chronic disorganization often begins with situational disorganization, something most people experience at some point. Someone who has lost someone significant to him may start to be troubled by disorganization after a divorce. Someone who experienced changes in life and in his career may intend to let things like organization and order fall by the wayside. However, one doesn’t instantly have chronic disorganization.
“If you’re going through hell, keep going.” That’s an old saying that’s true about one’s struggles with chronic disorganization. Every person has the power to change within himself. It’s a matter of staying organized, one day at a time. Those who have left chronic disorganization in the past have often done so by promising to stay organized simply for that single day.
| Definition |
It means that the person has a(n) |
| |
●One example is that an addict ●The ●One doesn’t realize the disorder of chronic disorganization until it has |
| The |
All subjects in the study suffer from the problem of poor decision-making, which is |
| Warning |
Losing someone significant, |
| Good news |
When in |
任务型阅读（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）
The parents of a troubled teen may feel unsure as to whom to turn to in order to find help for their child. They may feel as if they have exhausted all of their options, and sometimes they are on the verge of giving up. But there is hope. Schools for troubled teens offer discipline and in some cases, drug treatment programs that can provide important life skills, and more importantly, a fresh start.
The following is a list of the most effective types of schools for troubled teens. Not every facility is a match for every child, but by knowing the differences between them, parents can make a better educated decision about where to send their teenager.
Boarding Schools
When a child is unable to deal with the relative freedom of a standard school day, boarding schools might be a good choice. At boarding schools, the child lives in a dorm setting, where almost every minute of the day is scheduled by school administrators.
Treatment Centers
When a teenager has an addiction to drugs or alcohol, a residential center that specializes in young people is an outstanding way to help them break the cycle of addiction. Treatment centers feature individual and group counseling to help identify the root causes of the drug problem and help develop the life skills needed to stay clean when the program is over.
Wilderness Programs
Designed to help improve the discipline and self-reliance of the child, wilderness programs send kids back to nature. By placing them in a foreign and sometimes uncomfortable setting, wilderness programs hope to improve children’s behavior. Programs generally include hikes, exercise programs and team building exercises.
Boot Camps
Boot camps are the most extreme style of school for troubled teens. These facilities are modeled after actual military boot camps, where the individual must get into shape, work as part of a team, and follow a long, hard set of rules and regulations. However, boot camps might not be the best choice for a teen with a drug addiction.
| Schools for Troubled Teenagers |
|
| Problem |
Having tried all the options, parents of troubled teens feel unsure about whom to |
| |
·Boarding schools have students’ time ·Treatment centres help students addicted to drugs return to ·Wilderness programs are ·Boot camps are beneficial to |
| By learning about the differences between them, parents can make a better |
Aristotle once wrote that “happiness is a state of activity”. In other words, whether youare Seeking life-long satisfaction or a few moments of good cheer, you’ve got to move forward. We’ve interviewed the experts and found five steps to take toward a sunny mood（心情）：
Over a 30-year period, University of Illinois researchers asked nearly 120,000 people how income, education, political participation, volunteer activities and close relationships affected their happiness. Reported Newsweek’s Sharon Begley on the findings, “The highest levels of happiness are found with the most stable and satisfying relationships.”
Singing aloud, talking to a stranger, raising your hand: all may increase a feeling of happiness, according to a study from Wake Forest University. Participants（参与者）followed the development of their moods for two weeks and reported feeling happier when they were more outgoing and less happy when reserved or withdrawn.
The editors of forbes.com gave $5 or $20 to 46 strangers by chance. Half the group was told to spend the money on themselves, while the other half was told to spend it on others. Those who’d shared the wealth felt much happier at the end of the day than those who’d spent it on themselves. There was no difference in happiness between those who spent $5 or $20, suggesting that it’s not how much money you spend, but how you spend it, that inspires the spirit.
Studies from the Positive Psychology Center showed that discouraged people who wrote down three good things that happened to them each day for six months reported an improved attitude.
Drinking water really can help keep you cheerful. A small 2012 study from the University of Connecticut suggested that even slight dehydration（脱水） affected the moods of its female participants.
| Title |
|
| Introduction |
You will move |
| The findings of |
Some |
| •Value your relationships |
•The |
| • yourself |
•You can gain happiness by singing aloud or talking to others. |
| •Spend money on others |
•Your spirit will be inspired by |
| • |
•You attitude would be improved when you fix your attention on good things. |
| •Drink water |
•If a woman takes in enough water,her |
| Conclusion |
Happiness can be found if all |
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卷上相应题号的横线上。
You want to be confident and feel confident, but what if you're starting with little or no confidence? True self-confidence isn't an overnight acquisition. It takes dedication to realize you are a good human being that is worthy of respect and love.
Recognize your insecurities
What does that voice in the back of your mind say? Why do you feel uncomfortable or ashamed of yourself? This could be anything from regrets to friends at school or negative experience. Whatever is making you feel unworthy, or ashamed, identify it, give it a name, and write it down. You can also tear these written pieces to start feeling positive on those points.
Get rid of insecurities gradually
Each day you should weaken it. There's no quick fix. Get to the root of the problem; focus on it and understand that you need to resolve each issue before you can move on. Check if it is an old past emotion and if it is really still relevant or applicable in your life today. And that does not mean you have to get rid of whatever makes you feel bad (many times, you simply can't). You need to learn to accept yourself, your past, your circumstances as they are, without necessarily thinking of them as “bad”.
Identify your successes
Everyone is good at something, so discover the things at which you do extremely well, then focus on your talents. Give yourself permission to be proud of them. Give yourself credit for your successes. Inferiority (自卑) is a state of mind in which you've declared yourself a victim. Do not allow yourself to be victimized.
Be Positive
Avoid self-pity, or the pity and sympathy of others. Never allow others to make you feel inferior—they can only do so if you let them. If you continue to dislike and look down upon yourself, others are going to do and believe likewise. Instead, speak in a positive way about yourself, about your future, and about your progress. Do not be afraid to show your strengths and qualities to others. By doing so, you strengthen those ideas in your mind and encourage your growth in a positive direction.
Apply “facial feedback theory”
Studies surrounding what’s called the "facial feedback theory" suggest that the expressions on your face can actually encourage your brain to express certain emotions. So look in the mirror and smile every day, and you might feel happier with yourself and more confident in the long run.
Help others
When you know you’re of help to the people around you, and are making a positive difference in other people’s lives (even if it's just being kinder to the person who serves you coffee in the morning), you'll know that you are a positive force in the world—which will boost yourself confidence.
Now, dear friends, will you let confidence keep you company? Be confident, and accomplishing your goals will be just around the corner.
Title: The ways to become confident
| Specific ways |
Supporting details |
| Recognizing insecurities |
Find out what forget it and feel positive. |
| Find out the |
|
| Identifying successes |
Find out your talents, take |
| Being positive |
Speak Don’t make yourself |
| Applying “facial feedback theory” |
Look in the mirror and smile to gain more |
| Helping others |
Be |
| Conclusion Confidence helps people accomplish goals and become worthy to be |
阅读填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分释）
Food makes us feel good, but some people eat when they aren’t really hungry and eat to simply feel good. This kind of eating habit is called emotional eating, which does not affect adults but also young children. It isn’t a good thing.
A child’s eating habits can develop right from childhood. As we know, a baby cries out if he doesn’t get milk at the usual time of the day. However, sometimes parents immediately stick a bottle in a child’s mouth without trying to find out if the child is really hungry. In fact, children may cry for other reasons. Even as children grow up and start going to school, parents sometimes give them a chocolate bar if they become really unhappy. As the children further grow up, they may become used to having a snack whenever they’re upset or low.
Therefore, they’d like to eat an emotional snack when they have the feeling of unhappiness and boredom. Even when they don’t get high grades, aren’t popular at school or made fun of by others, they will want something to eat. After having the snack, they feel a lot better.
Emotional eating in young children is a thing that needs to be taken seriously. To protect your children from emotional eating, you should satisfy your child’s emotional needs in the best possible way. This includes spending time with your child every day, taking an interest in his school work, helping your child study, providing a health environment without tension at home, etc. Don’t make the child lose face by scolding him. Develop confidence in your child. Make your child eat enough once in a while. Reward him for his achievements.
All this will help your little one develop a healthy eating habit. And always remember love and care is the key to help you child out of trouble and grow up happily.
Title: in Young Children
| Definition |
Eating for feeling good instead of for |
| Causes |
forming the habit when they are feeling feeling getting low grades and feeling being made fun of by others |
| |
staying with your child for some time every day being providing a healthy environment without tension at home avoiding making your child giving your child enough to eat once in a while giving your child reward for what he has achieved |
| Love and care helps children out of trouble. |
Simon Sinek is naturally shy and doesn’t like speaking to crowds．At parties，he says he hides alone in the corner or doesn’t even show up in the first place．He prefers the latter．Yet，with some 22 million video views under his belt，the optimistic ethnographer also happens to be the third most watched TED Talks presenter of all time．
Sinek’s unlikely success as both an inspirational speaker and a bestselling author isn’t just dumb luck．It’s the result of fears faced and erased，trial and error and tireless practice，on and off stage．Here are his secrets for delivering speeches that inspire，inform and entertain．
Don’t talk right away．
Sinek says you should never talk as you walk out on stage．“A lot of people start talking right away，and it’s out of nerves,” Sinek says．“That communicates a little bit of insecurity and fear．”
Instead，quietly walk out on stage．Then take a deep breath，find your place，wait a few seconds and begin．“I know it sounds long and tedious and it feels excruciatingly awkward when you do it,” Sinek says，“but it shows the audience you’re totally confident and in charge of the situation．”
Show up to give，not to take．
Often people give presentations to sell products or ideas，to get people to follow them on social media，buy their books or even just to like them．Sinek calls these kinds of speakers “takers,” and he says audiences can see through these people right away．And，when they do，they disengage．
“We are highly social animals,” says Sinek．“Even at a distance on stage，we can tell if you’re a giver or a taker，and people are more likely to trust a giver — a speaker that gives them value，that teaches them something new，that inspires them — than a taker．”
Speak unusually slowly．
When you get nervous，it’s not just your heart beat that quickens．Your words also tend to speed up．Luckily Sinek says audiences are more patient and forgiving than we know．
“They want you to succeed up there，but the more you rush，the more you turn them off,” he says．“If you just go quiet for a moment and take a long，deep breath，they’ll wait for you．It’s kind of amazing．”
Turn nervousness into excitement．
Sinek learned this trick from watching the Olympics．A few years ago he noticed that reporters interviewing Olympic athletes before and after competing were all asking the same question．“Were you nervous？” And all of the athletes gave the same answer: “No，I was excited．” These competitors were taking the body’s signs of nervousness—clammy hands，pounding heart and tense nerves—and reinterpreting them as side effects of excitement and exhilaration．
When you’re up on stage you will likely go through the same thing．That’s when Sinek says you should say to yourself out loud，“I’m not nervous，I’m excited！”
Say thank you when you’re done．
Applause is a gift，and when you receive a gift，it’s only right to express how grateful you are for it．This is why Sinek always closes out his presentations with these two simple yet powerful words: thank you．
“They gave you their time，and they’re giving you their applause．” Says Sinek．“That’s a gift，and you have to be grateful．”
| Passage outline |
Supporting details |
| ·He is by ·Through his |
|
| Tips on deliveing speeches |
·Avoid talking ·Keep calm and wait a few seconds before talking, which will create an |
| ·Try to be a giver rather than a taker because in ·Teach audience something new that they can |
|
| ·Speak a bit slowly just to help you stay calm. ·Never speed up while speaking in case you |
|
| ·Switch nervousness to excitement by |
|
| ·Express your |
It is rather challenging to make a choice on universities for school under educates, as they have to take into account the factors like majors, tuition, location and the climate,etc.
61. Annie is a top student of senior 3. She loves art and is gifted in art. She wants to learn art in a forging country which has pleasant weather.
62. Betty has just entered a university, but she wants to quit school and go abroad to learn fashion design because she is crazy about fashion and wants to become a great designer. She has to choose a college with low fee because her family is not rich.
63. Eva is an English major student in a university. She loves fashion and wants to learn fashion design in a fashion center that is filled with fashion elements.
64. Alex is college student majoring in computer science. He found animation design would be profitable industry, so he decided to learn animation design in a country where the climate is mild, not cold in winter and not hot in summer.
65. Philip is an English major college student. British art fascinates him very much so he decided to feel the rich art atmosphere and learn art in Britain.
| A．University of Auckland Programmes Theology, Science, Art, Business, Education, Music… Fee ￥60，000-80，000 a year Length of schooling 3 year Admission criterion（标准） 1 year preparation for students of senior 3 or graduates with an average mark of 80; regular college course for students who finish the first year in universities. Location（位置）and climate Auckland, the biggest city in New Zealand; comfortable climate; warm summers and mild and wet winters |
| B．Istituto Maranon Programmes Fashion Business, Fashion Buying, Brand of Management and Fashion Promotion, Interior Design, Product Design and Graphic Design… Fee ￥90,000-120,000 a year Length of schooling 3 years Admission criterion No language proficiency test required; able to speak English or Italian; at least 12 years schooling Location and climate Milan, a global fashion centre in Italy; summers are extremely hot and humid; winters are chilly |
| C．Amusement Media College, Japan Programmes Animation（卡通）, caricature, digital game design Fee ￥90,000-120,000 a year Length of schooling 2 years Admission criterion 12 years schooling or above Location and climate Tokyo, Japan which is a country with the most advanced animation techniques, four distinct seasons; mild spring and fall, hot summer, and winter with a few snowfalls |
| D．The University of Nottingham |
| Programmes |
Arts, Engineering, Medicine and Health Sciences, Science, Social Sciences, Law, Education |
| Fee |
￥80,000-160,000a year |
| Length of schooling |
3 years |
| Admission |
Finish senior high school with good performance or undergraduates in college |
| Location and climate |
Nottingham, located in Britain, wet springs, hot summers, warm autumns and icy winters |
E. University of Lyon
| Programmes |
Art, Engineering, Medicine and Health Sciences, Science, Business, Spanish, Fashion design |
| Fee |
￥10,000-30,000 a year |
| Length of schooling |
3 years |
| Admission criterion |
Finish senior high school and obtain a letter of admission of a university |
| Location and climate |
Lyon in France; the climate is mild and sunny |
F. Ecole Superieure d Art et de Design
| Programmes |
Art, Animation Design, Furniture Design, Decoration and Design |
| Fee |
￥100,000-120,000 a year |
| Length of schooling |
2 years |
| Admission criterion |
Between 18 and 25, single; more than 1 year learning experience in art college |
| Location and climate |
Reims in France; temperature ranging from 5°C in December to 26°C in August |
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Every person needs energy to go about the day and continue to function correctly. To get this energy, you eat, and your body changes the food into the nutrients and energy you need to survive. Your metabolism (新陈代谢) is directly related to how quickly and efficiently your body creates this energy, and if it takes too long, the food gets stored as fat. A slow metabolism will leave you with less energy and more weight than you probably desire.
Your basal metabolic rate (基础代谢率) is the amount of energy your body consumes while you're resting. When people say they have a slow metabolism, they mean they have a slow basal metabolic rate. Increasing this number is possible through exercise and muscle building.
According to Metabolism-Advice. com, as your age, your basal metabolic rate will lower as your body begins to deteriorate (衰退). At the age of 30, your body will stop producing the high levels of growth hormone it previously produces. Your body senses that it's done growing at 30, so it uses the resources elsewhere. Unfortunately, that means that your muscle will deteriorate more rapidly than before. While you can’t block age's effects or your metabolism, you can fight against it with regular exercise that builds muscle.
Although muscle deteriorates quicker with age, a lack of exercise will hurt your metabolism at any age. The muscle developed during exercise is vital to maintaining a healthy body with a normal basal metabolic rate. Therefore, while cardiovascular(心血管的)exercise will burn fat during the work out, building muscle will wisely allow your body to use more calories to give you healthy energy instead of stored fat.
Another large factor that determines your basal metabolic rate is your eating habits. Metabolism-Advice. com suggests eating small meals every two to three hours. This will make sure that your metabolism is constantly working throughout your day. Another large factor is how healthily you eat. Taking in the required calories for your amount of daily activity will help keep your metabolism from lowering, but taking in too many calories may lead to fat.
Title: About slow metabolism
I . Definitions
●metabolism—how quickly and efficiently your body creates the energy for it
to function correctly
●basal metabolic rate—the amount of by your body when you're resting
●slow metabolism-slow basal metabolic rate
II. of slow metabolism
●giving a person less energy
●getting a person to
III. of slow metabolism
●deterioration of your body exercise
●unhealthy
●unhealthy diet
IV.to slow metabolism
●to build muscle
●eating more often but
●your body requires for the daily activities
Unlike in our country, violence against women is very obvious in some western and African countries．The basic cause of it lies in discrimination! which claims women inequality with men in all aspects of life．Violence is both origin in discrimination and serves to worsen discrimination．
Violence against women is a sign of historically unequal status of women compared to men, which has resulted into domination（拄制,主宰） and discrimination against women by men and to the prevention of the full development of women．Violence against women is one of the important social means by which women are restricted into a secondary position in comparison with men．
As violence against women is spread worldwide, many women are targets because of their ethnic group, class, sex or disability status．
Many women think that the psychological consequences of abuse are even more dangerous than its physical effects．The experience of abuse often shakes women's self- respect and puts them at great risk of a number of mental health problems, such as:
Depression is becoming broadly recognized as a main health problem in the world．Women who are abused by their partners suffer more depression and anxiety than women who have not been abused! according to studies in Australia, Nicaragua, Pakistan, and the US．
Post-traumatic stress disorder （PTSD） is a strong anxiety disorder that can happen when people go through or witness a very unpleasant event in which they feel disappointed and helpless or fear death or injury．The symptoms of PTSD contain mentally reliving the upsetting event by means of flashbacks（闵回,倒叙）; avoiding anything that would remind one of the events; experiencing discomfort in sleeping and concentrating; and being easily alarmed or frightened．
The severe violence is also likely to lead to suicide．Some women kill themselves or try to do so．Researches from some countries, including Sweden! and the US, have showed that domestic violence is closely connected with suicide．Abused women who have PTSD symptoms prove to be most likely to try suicide．
Abused women are more likely than other women to misuse alcohol and drugs．When a person' s everyday life functioning or life alternatives continue to be influenced ! a post-traumatic stress disorder may be the problem, requiring professional
treatment．
Title:
I.f historically unequal status
·Domination and discrimination from men’s leading position and preventing
II.: women’s self-respect shake and
occur.
·,a main health problem
·Post-traumatic stress disorder. a strong, happens under certain conditions.One of its symptoms is mentally reliving
by means of flashbacks.
·,especially for women with PTSD symptoms
·Alcohol and drug misuse
III．
·Professional treatment
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