阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Festivals and celebrations of all kinds (hold) everywhere since ancient times．Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather,
(plant) in spring and harvest in autumn．At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months．
Today's festivals have many origins, some( religion) , some seasonal, and some for special people or events．Some festivals are held to honor the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm．For example, the Japanese festival Obon is honored in
(memorize) of their ancestors．People then should go to clean graves, light lamps and play music
they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth．In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November．
this important feast day, people eat food in
shape of skulls and cakes with "bones" on them．They offer food, flowers and gifts to the deaD． The Western holiday Halloween also had
origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people．It is now a children's festival,
they can dress up and go to their neighbors' homes to ask for sweets．The Dragon Boat Festival in China honors the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan．India has a national festival on October 2 to honor Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's
（depend) from Britain．
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,B,C,D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂上。
I was 14 years old． I was angry and rebellious, with regard for anything my parents had to say, if it had nothing to do with me．Like so many , I struggled to escape from anything that didn’t my picture of the world． As a “ brilliant without need of guidance” kid, I rejected any obvious of love．In fact, I got angry at the of the word “love”．
One , after an extremely difficult day, I into my room, shut the door loudly and fell down onto my bed heavily．As I lay down in the privacy of my , my hands placed under my pillow．There was an envelope．I pulled it out and on the envelope it said, “To when you’re alone．”
I was alone, no one would know whether I read it or not．So I opened it．It said，“Mike，I know life is right now, I know you are frustrated and I know we don’t do everything right．I also know that I love you and nothing you do or say will ever change that．I am here for you if you ever need to talk．If you don’t, that’s also ．Just know that no matter where you go or whatever you do in your life, I will always love you and be that you are my son．I’m here for you and I love you-that will never Love you, Mom．”
Every night as I went to bed, I would put my hands under my , and I remember the I felt every time I got a letter．During my teen years, the letters were the calm assurance that I still could be loved my anger and rudeness．Just before I fell I became grateful that my mom knew what I, an angry teenager, needed．
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根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项为多余选项。
Guide for Teenagers
The teenage years can be tough, and it’s normal to feel sad every now and then．But if these feelings don’t go away or become so intense that you can’t handle them, you may be suffering from depression．
Try not to isolate yourself
When you’re depressed, you may not feel like seeing anybody or doing anything．Just getting out of bed in the morning can be difficult, but isolating yourself only makes depression worse．Spend time with friends, especially those who are active．
Keep your body healthy
Making healthy lifestyle choices can do wonders for your mooD． Ever heard of a "runners high"? Physical activity can be as effective as medications for depression, so get involved in sports, ride your bike, or take a dance class．Any activity helps! As for food, make sure you’re feeding your mind with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains．
Avoid alcohol and drugs．
You maybe try drinking or use drugs in an effort to escape from your feelings and get a "mood boost," even if just for a short time．However, substance use can not only make depression worse, but can cause you to become more depressed． You will need special treatment for your substance problem．
Stress and worry can lead to depression．Talk to a teacher if exams or classes seem overwhelming．In addition, if you have a health concern you feel you can’t talk to your parents about, see a doctor．A health professional can help you approach your parents and guide you toward appropriate treatment．If you’re dealing with relationship, friendship, or family problems, talk to an adult you trust．
| A．Ask for help if you are stressed． |
| B．Even a short walk can be beneficial． |
| C．Turn to your parents for help． |
| D．As you get out into the world, you may find yourself feeling better． |
E．In short, drinking and taking drugs will make you feel worse--not better--in the long run．
F．The more exercise you do, the healthier you will be．
G．Help is available and you have more power than you think．
I have two sons．They are as different as night and day．My youngest is sweet, loveable, easy-going, and finds joy in everything．My oldest we’ve nicknamed the “Evil Genius” is ambitious, self-confident, and suffers no fools．
Whenever we mentioned Santa my husband and I were rewarded with major eye rolling and deep sighs from my oldest．At first we both tried to ignore it．
We both knew that our eldest had figured out the big secret．But I’d be damned(指责) if he was going to ruin it for his six-year-old brother who had plenty of Santa-loving years ahead of him．I looked at my husband in the eye and said, “I’ll handle this．” to which he responded “Okay just be careful because I’m not sure he knows - he might just be acting like it．” But I knew．And I had it in my mind that he was about to break his younger brothers spirit and break the news to him．I was afraid he was going to take the Christmas spirit away from my sweet innocent youngest and stamp all over it．I had to protect him．I needed to control this now before it got out of control．I rushed into the play room where my oldest was playing alone．I looked him dead in the eyes and said: “Well you know Santa isn’t real, right?” And as I stared at my eight-year-old son for what seemed like a long time of silence, his eyes started to fill with tears． And a tear dropped down his cheek when he screamed out, “He’s not?”
“Um well it’s not that he’s not real (shut up you idiot- stop saying he’s not real), but he doesn’t really make and deliver all the toys．Dad and I get some of them for you．So he’s real．He’s just got a little help from us．”
The Evil Genius wasn’t buying it．He just sat there looking at me with an expression of doubt．
You know when you make a terrible mistake but you can’t stop yourself from making it worse? That was me because I just had to know．I had to know why he had seemed to be over Santa． So I asked him why he rolled his eyes and sighed every time his father and I mentioned Santa, to which he replied that kids at school had been saying Santa wasn't real but that he still thought he was．What’s the best title for the passage?
| A．Two different sons |
| B．Santa secret given away |
| C．Protecting one, ruining the other |
| D．Making a mistake worse |
What did the writer conclude when “Evil Genius” rolled his eyes and sighed?
| A．“Evil Genius” had discovered Santa was not real． |
| B．“Evil Genius” had broken the secret to his younger brother． |
| C．“Evil Genius” had passed his Santa-loving years． |
| D．“Evil Genius” had been influenced by his classmates． |
What does the underlined sentence mean in the passage?
| A．“Evil Genius” refused to buy toys． |
| B．“Evil Genius” didn’t believe his mother’s words． |
| C．“Evil Genius” wanted to keep silent． |
| D．“Evil Genius” would not give away the secret． |
What lesson can we learn from the story?
| A．Lies can never change facts． |
| B．Honesty is the best policy． |
| C．No one is perfect． |
| D．We should think twice before we act． |
“People are ruder today because they are rushed and more ‘time poor’ than ever before,” says Patsy Rowe, “ Manners have fallen off the radar(雷达)．” Due to our strong attraction to electronic equipment it is a wonder that more people don’t wake up each morning and greet the singing birds with complaining about the noise．Here are some examples of rudeness．
Some people prefer to do almost everything over the Internet．To them, dealing with an actual human is like an evolutionary step backward． It feels very slow because humans don’t work at 4G speeds．When you have dinner with friends, you will often notice someone paying more attention to his mobile phone．We have programmed ourselves to think that every new message brings life-changing news, so taking calls and checking our texts are more important than talking to the people we are with．What is worse, some people even tend to send anonymous（匿名的）rude messages by email．
However, rudeness is never acceptable．Don’t assume it is OK to be rude if the person you’re in touch with won’t recognize you．If you have something awful to say, have the courage to face the person and say it, write a letter or email and sign it, or forget it．Upsetting people with unsigned messages is cruel and disgusting．
We shouldn’t blame technology for our shortcomings．Technology is here to help us, but we should not allow it to take over our lives．An important step is acknowledging our shortcomings．People spend a lot of time pointing out bad manners but it would be even more helpful if we’d publicly acknowledge good manners when we see them．What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1?
| A．People can tell good from bad behavior． |
| B．Radar is able to observe human behavior． |
| C．People care little about their behavior． |
| D．Radar can be used to predict human behavior． |
Some people are less willing to deal with humans because__________．
| A．they are becoming less patient |
| B．they are growing too independent |
| C．they have to handle many important messages |
| D．they have to follow an evolutionary step backward． |
The author thinks sending unsigned awful messages is ___________．
| A．Ridiculous |
| B．disgusting |
| C．acceptable |
| D．reasonable |
What can we learn from the last paragraph?
| A．We should applaud good behavior． |
| B．Technology can never be blamed |
| C．We should keep pointing out mistakes． |
| D．Technology will take over lives one day． |
Death is natural, but do you have any idea of the process of dying? Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two phases --- clinical or temporary death and biological death．Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have ceased to function, but have not suffered permanent damage．The organism can still be revived(复活)．Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the “breaking up” of vital cells and tissues．Death is then unchangeable and final．
Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs．The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism, combined with narcotic sleep．By slowing down the body’s metabolism(新陈代谢), cooling delays the processes leading to biological death．
To illustrate how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta． The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic． Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature．When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from an artery．The monkey’s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped: clinical death set in．For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state．Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees．At this point the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing．After two minutes Keta’s heart became active once more．After fifteen minutes, spontaneous(自发的)breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head． After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection, Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room．Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal．For a person who suffers from the clinical death, _________．
| A．his most important organs are damaged． |
| B．he still has the possibility of getting back to life． |
| C．he can not avoid final death． |
| D．he is still very much alive |
Scientists try to make the time of clinical death longer in order to __________．
| A．slow down the body’s metabolism． |
| B．bring vital cells and tissues back to active life． |
| C．cool the organism． |
| D．delay the coming of biological death． |
How did the scientists put Keta into clinical death?
A． By putting her to sleep, lowering her temperature and draining her blooD．
B． By surrounding her body with ice-bags and draining her blood．
C． By lowing her blood pressure and stopping her heart from beating．
D． By draining her blood, lowering her blood pressure and stopping her breathing． All of the following indicate that the monkey has almost restored to her original physical state except the fact that__________．
| A．her heart beat again． |
| B．she regained her normal breath． |
| C．she rejected a penicillin injection． |
| D．she acted as lively as a healthy monkey． |
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中（A、B、C和D），选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When Charles Stratton was five, he stopped growing． His mother took him to see the famous showman, P．T．Barnum． Mr．Barnum thought a small person would be the perfect addition to his show．He hired Charles' parents along with him, and they traveled the world together．
He gave the two-foot-tall Charles a name, General Tom Thumb．He taught Tom how to sing, dance, act and tell jokes． When he felt Tom was ready to perform on stage, he made up ads．To stir up great interest, he said that Tom was eleven years old and had come from England．
During the show, Tom fought battles pretendedly with tall people．He also danced upon a wooden plate held by a person who was eight feet tall．Tom's act was very popular and brought in a lot of money．By the time Tom was an adult, he had grown very rich．He had become a billionaire at the age of twenty five．
Fortunately for Tom, Mr．Barnum added more little people to his show, and Tom became lucky in love as well．One of the little people was Lavinia Warren, a schoolteacher．Tom was able to win her love, and they married．
The ceremony and reception were the talk of the town．They were attended by many rich and famous people and by about 2000 guests．Crowds filled the streets of New York to have a look at their tiny wedding marriage．The couple even met with President Abraham Lincoln on their honeymoon just before going to live in Tom's house in Connecticut．
Their wedding, which took place during the Civil War, provided a welcome escape from the sad problems of war．Not willing to let this bit of sunshine fade, communities throughout the country sponsored "Tom Thumb" weddings．In these weddings, small boys and girls, all dressed up, went through marriage ceremony for fun．The underlined words "talk of the town" means________．
| A．it was in the newspaper |
| B．it was the most popular topic |
| C．people spread bad rumors about it |
| D．it was discussed in a city meeting |
What does the author think about Tom's wedding?
| A．Tom and Lavinia were stupid． |
| B．People gave it too much of their attention． |
| C．It was funny and ridiculous． |
| D．It helped people cheer up in a dark time． |
What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
| A．Weddings always make people feel full of sunshine． |
| B．People are always disappointed during war time． |
| C．Entertainment can serve an important purpose． |
| D．People should be married when they are small children． |
李平的父亲有位美国同事，他的孩子约翰史密斯下个月来华。约翰写信向李平询问一些有关李平所在城市的问题。李平回信，内容如下：
1、得知约翰要来非常高兴。告诉他可能遇到一些不同于美国的情况。
2、气候：冬天冷，有时下雪。夏天几乎不下雨，但一下起来就很大。提醒约翰带雨衣、棉衣。
3、饮食：饮食与美国很不同，他应尽力适应中国饮食，并要学会如何使用筷子。
4、最后，请他带一张美国地图，希望早日能见面。
字数：100—120个词。 参考词汇：筷子chopsticks
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词作斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When tea and coffee was first introduced to Europe in 18th century, people thought that they were harmfully．So the king of Sweden decided to find out whether this was true or not．It happened that there had two brothers who were in prison at the time．The king ordered one of them drink tea every day and the other coffee．Both of them live many years without any problem．At last the one who had drank tea every day died at the age of 83 and the others one lived even long．Because of this, Sweden is today one of the countries that many people enjoy drinking tea and coffee．
Dear Tom,
How are you doing? You (ask) me in your last letter about my plan for the coming summer vacation．
I am sorry that I didn’t reply delay．How I wish I
(read) and reply your email as soon as I received it．
, I was busy preparing for my final exam at that time,
is vital for me．As a result, I had no choice but
(focus) on my study completely．I believe that if you
(be) me, you would make the same choice。
By the way, I have a busy schedule for my summer vacation．First and foremost, I would do a part time job, so that my interpersonal skills(improve)．Additionally, I will take a short trip to Beijing to take a summer course in the New Oriental School．Last but not
(little), maybe I will work as a volunteer for the school as a teaching assistant．
These are my plan for the summer vacation．What’s yours? I am lookingto your earliest reply．
Tom was crossing the road the other day when he saw a red car coming in the distance．He thought the car would _____, as the lights had turned red． _____, the car was going too ____ and Tom soon _____ that it couldn’t stop in time．He _____ to move out of its _____ but it was too late．Tom was ____ down by the red car and lay _____ dead on the road． Passers-by ______ went to him and an ambulance（救护车）was _____for．The driver of the red car didn’t stop, ____one of the men had written down the _____ of the car, which he _____ to the police who arrived at the site（现场）．
At the same time, Tom was taken to the ____ and his parents were called for．They were very _____ to hear of the accident and quickly rushed to his ___．For three days Tom was not able to feel or think and his parents were worried that he _____ die．But on the fourth day Tom ____ and spoke softly．His parents were _____．The police by then had _____ the owner of the car and caught hold of him at last．
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根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。．We are taught how to hold a knife and fork and not to talk with our mouths full．We are taught how to shake hands and when to stand and when to sit and the way to introduce people．
．Almost everywhere eating together means that people are very friendly to each other．But in parts of Polynesia（波利尼西亚）it is bad manners to be seen eating beside each other．So they politely turn their backs to each other when they are taking food．
Some East Africans spit（吐痰） four times as a kind of blessing（祝福）．They do it to show that they want a sick person to get well，or to bless a new-born baby．．It usually shows an unhealthy habit．In many countries，it may mean that you hate someone．
When we go to visit someone we say“Hello！”or” How are you?" or things like that．But if you are visiting an East African village，everyone will be very careful not to pay attention to you．The polite thing there will be for you to go quietly，without speaking to anyone, and sit beside your friend．．
In a village in Arab，a visitor will walk behind all the tents until he gets to the one he wants to visit．If he passes in front，he will be invited into each tent and asked to eat．．
| A．It is rude to refuse |
| B．It’s a big country with different customs． |
| C．In most other places，spitting means something completely different |
| D．Eating quickly is a bad habit． |
E．From the time we were babies we have been taught manners
F．You should wait until he has finished what he is doing and then he will begin talking to you
G．Sometimes good manners in one place are very bad manners somewhere else
In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business ．But he was not a good artist ．So he invented a very simple camera ．He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden ．That was the first photo．
The next important date in the history of photography (摄影术) was in 1837．That year, Daguere, another Frenchman ,took a picture of his reading room ．He used a new kind of camera in a different way．In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing．This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype．
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’sway．Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world ．people took pictures of famous buildings, cities and mountains．
In about 1840, photography was developed ．Then photographers could take picture of people and moving things ．That was not simple ．The photographers had to carry a lot of films and other machines．But this did not stop them ,for example, some in the United States worked so hard．
Mathew Brady was a famous American photographer．He took many pictures of great people ．The picture were unusual because they were very lifelike(栩栩如生的)
Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century ．Some photos were not just copies of the real world ．They showed feelings, like other kinds of art．The first photo taken by Niepce was a picture of ____________
| A．his business |
| B．his house |
| C．his garden |
| D．his window |
The Daguerrotype was____________．
| A．a Frenchman |
| B．a photographer |
| C．a kind of camera |
| D．a kind of picture |
If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840, he had to_________．
| A．watch lots of films |
| B．buy an expensive camera |
| C．stop in most cities |
| D．take many films and something else with him |
You can call Zhang Ying if you want to _________________．
| A．sell a bike |
| B．buy a bike |
| C．have your bike repaired |
| D．borrow a bike |
If you want to find a job, and you can speak English, you can call ____________
| A．843-429065 |
| B．228-940605 |
| C．843-316065 |
| D．422-389506 |
One of the reasons why Li Ming wants someone to share his room is that __________．
| A．he wants to live near the campus |
| B．he wants to improve his English |
| C．he wants his washer, dryer and kitchen to be used |
| D．he wants someone to use his kitchen |
Robert Waller wishes to rent a room__________________．
| A．near the school |
| B．far away from the school |
| C．inside the school |
| D．outside the city |
The child of today owes much of its pleasant school life to the work of Maria Montessori and others who felt as she did．
Maria Montessori was born in 1870 in northern Italy．Both her parents were well educated．
While Maria was a student, she took great interest in the study of the particular nature of the child's mind． It came to her that small children should have freedom to learn．
Maria became a doctor and a professor at Rome University．In 1907, after working with backward students, she was given a chance to try out her ideas on children．There were sixty children, aged three to six, in the Children's House．The rooms were bright and colorful．Maria let the children make their own choice of what they wanted to do and work with their own speed． They became busy, peaceful and happy．
Maria Montessori was one of the world's great teachers．She traveled in Europe, America and Far East．She thought that true education, providing(提供) for the real needs of the child, would produce wise and happy grown-ups and therefore a peaceful world． Her original way of education has changed our whole idea of what childhood is．
Maria Montessori died in Holland at the age of eighty-two．The short passage is mainly about_________．
| A．the education of backward students |
| B．a new idea of education |
| C．the importance of proper education |
| D．the life of Maria Montessori |
Maria traveled a lot in the world to ________．．
| A．teach the backward students |
| B．enjoy her life in real nature |
| C．spread her ideas of teaching |
| D．study the situation of education |
In what way did Maria teach the children in the Children's House?
| A．She taught them the best way of learning well． |
| B．She let them learn in a very pleasant way． |
| C．She taught them by showing them how to do things． |
| D．She just let them choose the most interesting subjects． |
We learn from the passage that ________．
| A．Maria left her homeland in order to study abroad |
| B．Maria didn't get married |
| C．Maria's own parents were her teachers |
| D．Maria fully understood the child's mind |
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