The London Pass is a sightseeing city card which gives you entry to a choice of over 60 popular tourist attractions in the city．It makes sightseeing easy and affordable by giving you access to top sights in the city with one card．
With the London Pass you don’t have to queue to buy tickets，or stand in line to get into the attraction．The London Pass acts as your ticket into every one of the 60 attractions included．It saves the trouble of carrying around cash for tickets and allows you to budget your spending as you’ve already made the one-off payment．As well as this，you can feel like a VIP with the London Pass as you are granted Fast Track Entry into a handful of London’s most popular attractions．
The London Pass is available for 1，2，3 or 6 days—so choose the duration of Pass that best matches your trip．Your London Pass is valid for use on continuous days for the duration you have selected and is activated upon entry at your first attraction，through a bar code recognition system．
London is packed with top restaurants featuring world—class chefs serving a variety of cooking delights．However, dining out can be expensive．With the London Pass you can make great savings at over 145 restaurants，with discounts of up to 50％off or special offers such as a free bottle of wine or ice cream sundae．
So if you are planning a trip to London，do yourself a favour and check out the London Pass．You may have a more enjoyable trip．With the London Pass，you can _____________．
| A．stay in hotels free of charge |
| B．buy entrance ticket in advance |
| C．travel to each sightseeing in London |
| D．enter the attractions through Fast Track Entry |
What can we learn about the London Pass?
| A．You can use it at any time you want． |
| B．It can save time，money and stress． |
| C．It must be activated as quickly as you Can． |
| D．You can enjoy the discounts at any restaurant． |
The main purpose of the text is to ______________．
| A．advise visitors to buy the London Pass |
| B．tell visitors how to book the London Pass |
| C．supply visitors with some restaurant information |
| D．introduce the most popular attractions in London |
Q: I currently entered college in New York. Since English is not my first language, I sometimes ask a friend to read my essays to help fix the grammar and language. I believe I'm being graded mainly on my ideas, and my friend helps me get my ideas across better in English. Is this OK?
-Mariana
A: It's good that you want to succeed in your written work at college. Making use of available resources to help you succeed is a smart strategy (策略). But while you may believe that your instructors don't care as much about how you write as they do about your ideas, that' s not a fair assumption.
Certainly, your ideas are important. No matter how polished your writing is, it will not disguise a poorly expressed idea in a paper. But as a college student, being able to organize your thoughts clearly-whether you're speaking in class or writing a paper-is critical to show that you've mastered the material in each course. This does not mean you shouldn't ask others to review your written work before handing it in. That's OK.
You should not, however, allow a friend or anyone else to rewrite parts of your papers for you. Instead, ask them to simply let you know about any parts of the paper that are unclear and need work. Many colleges have writing centers where tutors will work with you on your writing-without doing the work for you.
Regardless of whether you consult with a friend or a tutor, the right thing is for you to talk to your instructors to ask their advice and let them know you plan to seek assistance with your writing. If you ask them in advance for guidance on what's appropriate and what's not for the written work they assign, that will allow you to be as transparent as possible about how you completed your assignments.
-Professor ByronWhat problem does Mariana meet?
| A．She has trouble learning English grammar. |
| B．She wonders if her method on writing is suitable. |
| C．She doesn't get on well with her classmates. |
| D．She isn't able to express herself in English. |
According to Pro. Byron, what's the most important in writing a paper?
| A．Professional advice. | B．Polishing carefully. |
| C．Organizing thoughts. | D．Familiar materials. |
When asking someone for help on your paper, you should ask him ______.
| A．to hand in the paper after reading it |
| B．to write the difficult part for you |
| C．to make a writing. plan for you |
| D．to tell you the part to be improved |
What does the underlined word refer to in the text?
| A．Essays. | B．Courses. |
| C．Ideas. | D．Resources. |
According to researchers, money can buy happiness, but only if you spend it on someone else．
Spending as little as $5 a day on someone else could significantly bring you happiness, the team at the University of British Columbia and Harvard Business School found.
Their experiments on more than 630 Americans showed they were measurably（适度地） happier when they spent money on others---even if they thought spending the money on themselves would make them happier.
"We wanted to test our theory that how people spend their money is at least as important as how much money they earn," said Elizabeth Dunn, a psychologist at the University of British Columbia.
They asked their 600 volunteers first to rate their general happiness, report their annual income and detail their monthly spending including bills, gifts for themselves, gifts for others and donations to charity（慈善机构）．
"Regardless of how much income each person made, those who spent money on others reported greater happiness, while those who spent more on themselves did not," Dunn said in a statement.
Dunn's team also surveyed（调查）16 employees at a company in Boston before and after they received an annual profit-sharing bonus（奖金） of between $3,000 and $8,000.
"Employees who devoted more of their bonus to pro-social（有益社会的） spending experienced greater happiness after receiving the bonus, and the manner in which they spent that bonus was a more important predictor(预示) of their happiness than the size of the bonus itself," they wrote in their report, published in the journal Science.
They gave their volunteers $5 or $20 and half got clear instructions on how to spend it．Those who spent the money on someone or something else reported feeling happier about it.
"These findings suggest that very minor alterations（改动） in spending allocations（分配） --- as little as $5 --- may be enough to produce real gains in happiness on a given day," Dunn said. According to the passage,_____________.
| A．the more money you spend on others, the happier you are |
| B．spending money on others can bring you happiness |
| C．Elizabeth Dunn is a psychologist from Harvest Business School |
| D．six hundred volunteers took part in the experiment |
The 16 employees mentioned in the passage _________.
| A．were given clear instructions on how to spend the bonus |
| B．had more happiness than the size of the bonus itself |
| C．experienced greater happiness after receiving their bonus |
| D．felt happier after they contributed much of the bonus to charities |
Dunn’s statement suggested that ______________.
| A．those who spent money on others felt happier no matter how much they earned |
| B．those who spent more money on themselves felt happier |
| C．people thought spending money could make themselves happier |
| D．the money spent was as important as the money earned |
The best title of this passage is ___________.
| A．Experiment on Money Spending |
| B．Devoting Your Money to Charities |
| C．Spending Money on Others Makes One Happier |
| D．Bonus and Pro-social Spending |
We all think that we know what happiness is. We all seem to be making great efforts towards this goal of happiness but what is it really? It is an agreed fact that all the creatures want happiness and are afraid of pain and sadness. The question, however, is “what is real happiness?” What really is called happiness? The desire for happiness has no meaning without understanding the real nature of happiness.
Some thinkers say, “Happiness does not lie in objects of enjoyment; happiness or unhappiness lies in imagination.”
To prove their belief, they give examples like the following one: A man has a two-storey house; on the right is a five-storey building and on the left a cottage. When he sees right, he feels unhappy and when he sees left he feels happy. As such happiness does not lie in possession of sensory objects, but in imagination. They advise people to look towards those who have fewer possessions and be happy. If you look towards people having more wealth and possessions, you will always be unhappy.
It is unreasonable to hold this point of view. It is unkind to regard one happy by imagining that one is better than the poor and the unhappy. “If you want to be happy, look towards the poor”. We know that those poor people cannot satisfy even their basic needs. This attitude satisfies the sense of pride of possessions, but this can never be called happiness.
Unless we really find where happiness lies, we cannot really be happy.
Some ask people to do this and do that and say, “This way your desires would be satisfied. You would get the desired objects and become happy.” People holding these views regard happiness as satisfaction of desires. But it is not possible to satisfy one’s desires because there are countless desires of countless people and the material things are limited. Then new desires arise as soon as the previous ones are satisfied. Therefore, desires, which are changing all the time, can never be satisfied.
Happiness is a characteristic of a good life, that is, a life in which a person fulfills (履行) human nature in an excellent way. People have a set of purposes which are typically human: these belong to our nature. Happiness is also a condition that must be prepared for, cultivated (培养), and defended privately by each person. People who learn to control inner experience will be able to determine the quality of their lives and come to being happy. Happiness lies in the distribution of easiness among others. Happiness stands for forgiveness and justice. Happiness is the name of struggle and courage. Happiness may be founded in seeking of true knowledge and rule of wisdom. Happiness may be shared in service and duty. This life is combination of joys and sorrows, and honest efforts should be done to make this life journey full of happiness, love, peace and harmony. What is the purpose of the passage?
| A．To show how to achieve happiness. |
| B．To encourage people to achieve happiness. |
| C．To explain the features of happiness. |
| D．To argue how to understand happiness. |
According to the passage, people who think happiness lies in imagination will try to achieve happiness by .
| A．looking towards those with fewer possessions |
| B．looking towards people having more wealth |
| C．imagining how rich you will be in the future |
| D．imagining that you have a five-storey building |
The writer doesn’t think that happiness lies in the satisfaction of desires because .
| A．no desires of a person can be satisfied at all |
| B．ever-changing desires can never be satisfied |
| C．there isn’t enough money to meet people’s needs |
| D．the desires of a person are limited |
In the writer’s opinion, happiness .
| A．can be achieved easily by earning money |
| B．must belong to those with rich knowledge |
| C．can be gained by setting small goals |
| D．can be gained by controlling inner experience |
According to the last paragraph, who can have real happiness?
| A．Jack who often struggles with others. |
| B．Tom who has life of a high quality. |
| C．Mike who always forgives others’ mistakes. |
| D．Tim whose requirements are always met. |
The Labrador (拉布拉多猎犬) has won the honor of the most popular breed (品种) for the past eighteen years. It has been described as gentle, clever and friendly. Yet not all Labs are the same.
John Grogan discovered this after he and his wife adopted a Labrador that they named Marley. The dog caused Mr. Grogan a lot of trouble, but it also provided many stories for his newspaper articles. Later, he wrote a best-selling book, “Marley and Me: Life and Love with the World’s Worst Dog.”
Marley was happy and fun-loving. But he was also extremely large and difficult to control. He bit anything that he could find around the house, including plastic, clothing and jewelry. And he had a great fear of loud noises, especially thunderstorms. Unfortunately, the Grogans lived in Florida where many thunderstorms develop. Marley would attack the furniture, walls and doors until his feet bled if he was left alone in the house during a thunderstorm. Marley almost damaged their home several times.
John Grogan said that at first he considered that probably his dog could be trained to be a show champion. But he soon realized that was impossible. Marley didn’t like to learn skills that didn’t belong to dogs, and he was driven out of the dog training school for causing troubles for other dogs. He didn’t want to hide his emotions. He would show his anger and tiredness if he felt them.
Even if that, Marley still had earned a place in the Grogans’. He didn’t know how to dance, and he didn’t know how to walk on its two legs, but he was what he was. He would never be a Lassie or a Benji or an old Yeller for he would never like to take part in a dog show, but the Grogans accepted him and loved him very much.The underlined word “this” in the second paragraph refers to the fact that ____.
| A．not all dogs won the honor of the most popular breed |
| B．not all Labs are gentle, clever and friendly |
| C．Marley caused the Grogans a few troubles |
| D．Marley provided many stories for the newspaper articles |
We can infer when John Grogan wrote the book “Marley and Me: Life and Love with the World’s Worst Dog.”, he was very ____.
| A．angry | B．disappointed |
| C．happy | D．frightened |
What made Marley attack the furniture when he was left alone in the house during a thunderstorm?
| A．The fear of hearing loud noises. |
| B．The anger of being left alone. |
| C．The unhappiness of having no toys. |
| D．The disappointment of getting nothing to eat. |
Marley was driven out of the dog training school because he ____.
| A．didn’t like to learn skills that didn’t belong to dogs |
| B．made it difficult for other dogs to get trained |
| C．liked to attack the trainers when getting angry |
| D．didn’t know how to hide his emotions |
From the passage we can know ____.
| A．every dog in America attends the dog training school |
| B．a Lassie should be a troublesome dog just like Marley |
| C．Marley often lost his temper and bit other dogs |
| D．Marley led a life full of love in the Grogans’ |
A friend asks you to be a volunteer. Your husband asks you to glance over an e-mail he is writing to his boss. You say you’d love to. Really! But..."I don’t have time".
It seems plausible( 有道理的). We’re all busy these days, right? But there are reasons not to use these four words, at least with yourself.
Here’s the big one: it is not true. You tell yourself "I don’t have time" to exercise, but we all have 168 hours a week. If someone offered to pay you $100,000 a week to go to the gym for 5 of those 168 hours, you would probably find the time to do it. Since that isn’t going to happen, this is a more exact description: " It’s not a priority(优先考虑的事)."
There are a million things we could be doing with our time; some are priorities and some are not, even if it’s wrong to say so. Try it. "I’m not going to read to you tonight, sweetie, because it’s not a priority. Daddy’s present priority is to check my e-mails."
Using the words "I don’t have time" keeps us from admitting to the fact that how we spend our time is a choice. It puts the responsibility for our lives on someone else: a boss, a client or a family member.
Better to be truthful: "I have another volunteer job on which I am focusing my energy right now. It is the cause that is most important to me." Or, to your husband "I wish you had mentioned this earlier. Right now, my priority is to get our children dressed and out of the door for school. I will be available around lunch time if you would like to talk".What does the word "it" in the third paragraph refer to?
| A．Saying "I don’t have time". |
| B．Saying "We are all busy today". |
| C．Checking your husband’s e-mail. |
| D．Telling your friend you won’t be a volunteer. |
From the third paragraph we can learn that .
| A．it is enough to exercise for five hours a week |
| B．we are too busy to exercise these days |
| C．we can earn $100,000 a week by exercising |
| D．we don’t often regard exercise as a priority |
Which would be the best answer if your friend asks you to be a volunteer?
| A．I have to check my e-mails first. |
| B．I already have a volunteer job that I enjoy. |
| C．I cannot find any time to do it. |
| D．I have a million things to do. |
What is the text mainly about?
| A．How to be responsible for our lives. |
| B．How to get time to do exercise. |
| C．How to say no to others without saying "I don’t have time". |
| D．How we should spend our time reasonably these days. |
You can find this text in the section of a newspaper.
| A．sports | B．entertainment | C．culture | D．science |
This is a talk by a London taxi（出租车）driver.
“I’ve been a taxi driver for nearly ten years. Most London taxi drivers have their own taxis.”
“It’s a nice job most of time. you meet a lot of people. I always work at night，because there is too much traffic during the day. I live twenty miles（英里）outside London and I go to work at 5:30 in the afternoon.”
“I usually go home between 2 and 3 in the morning.”
“Some very strange things happened late at night .The other day I was taking a woman home from a party .She had her little dog with her. When we got to her house，she found that she had lost her key. So I waited in the car with the dog while she climbed in through the window.”
“I waited and waited. After half an hour of ringing the bell I decided to find out what was going on.I tied the dog to a tree and started to climb in through the window. The next thing I knew was that the police came. They thought I was a thief（小偷）.
Luckily the woman came downstairs（下楼）.She must have gone to sleep and forgotten about me and the dog！”The driver always worked at night because it was easier to _____.
| A．drive |
| B．make money |
| C．climb in through the window |
| D．meet a lot of people |
The woman climbed in through the window because _____.
| A．she wanted to have a sleep |
| B．her husband didn’t open the door for her |
| C．she didn’t want to pay the driver |
| D．she couldn’t find her key |
The story happened _____.
| A．early in the morning |
| B．late at night |
| C．20 miles outside London |
| D．near the police station |
Which of the following is wrong？
| A．The driver worked until between 2 and 3 in the morning. |
| B．The police made a mistake. |
| C．The woman had no money to pay the driver. |
| D．The woman had forgotten about the driver and the dog. |
The driver climbed in through the window to
| A．get money from the woman |
| B．return the dog to the woman |
| C．see what was happening in the house |
| D．phone the police |
I walked down the hall heading to see my 88-year-old grandma who had been in hospital. Each member of the family was taking turns sitting with her because of her dementia (痴呆). As I did I looked very carefully at some of the rooms on this wing of the hospital, and it seemed that almost every bed held an elderly person. Some appeared to be confused, and some just looked lonely. I couldn’t help but notice that there was no family there, no one to care them, and no one to reduce the ache of loneliness. My heart broke inside me.
They are aging, with withered (萎缩的) skin on their faces and hands, their eyes look tried, and yet no one notices them. Could it be that we are far too busy to slow down and give a moment of our time to anyone that may swerve (使突然转向) us off the course we are traveling on? Are we afraid of those who have come before us to pave the way, afraid that they carry some awful disease that if we get too close we might catch it?
Whatever the case may be, one day we will be those same people that we long to avoid. We pay thousands of dollars for staying young, and we may turn up the music to forget the thoughts of getting older. But, try as we might, time and age will catch up with us.
We seem to have come to detest (嫌恶) the elderly. While we once held them in high regard and honor, always enjoying their stories of history, we now see them as a pain, always in our way. Isn’t it time we wake up?
So, next time you see a withered hand extended in need, or peer into the eyes of a lonely aging face, don’t run or look away. Remember, it might just be you in that place one day.What made the author deeply sad?
| A．The poor food for the patients. |
| B．The sight he saw in the hospital. |
| C．The hopeless patients in the hospital. |
| D．The bad service of the hospital. |
What’s people’s excuse for not visiting the old?
| A．They are too busy. |
| B．They can’t afford it. |
| C．They live too far away. |
| D．They usually travel abroad. |
What can we learn from the passage?
| A．Time will tell the truth. |
| B．People are afraid of being old. |
| C．A doctor is important to old people. |
| D．Respecting elderly people is a good tradition. |
What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph?
| A．Respect the old. |
| B．Get along well with the old. |
| C．Help and pay attention to the old. |
| D．Spend more time with our parents. |
During the seasons of fine weather, kids can play outside, happy and active. But when winter comes around, it is wet, windy and cold. Since they can’t go outside to play, kids get restless and miserable.
Fun activities for kids are pretty much necessary at that time of year, and they need to be kept entertained. One way to do this is to have an indoor treasure hunt, where children can look for clues and then get to the treasure. Treasure doesn’t even need to be much, because just the activity is fun enough.
Art activities are always fun, and if you start off with some paper in different colors they can draws shapes on the back, cut them out and stick them on the white paper to make all sorts of things. Cardboard boxes, stuck together and then painted, can be made into buildings or robots. You can keep all boxes in a bag in the loft. Then you have something you can draw on when the weather is bad and the children need to play indoors.
Dressing up is another fun indoor activity. Why not read a book to them and then ask them to act it for you? That can keep them busy and develop their imagination. When you encourage children to use their imagination, you are giving them confidence in themselves, in their own creative abilities; by suggesting they put on a play you are encouraging them to work together and develop teamwork skills.
The best way to help your kids have fun when it is rainy outside is to let them come up with some ideas. When you feel that they are old enough, let them write their ideas on a piece of paper and you can pick an idea that you find practical. That way, every day can be fun!Kids are most likely to be unhappy in winter because .
| A．it is very cold and windy |
| B．they lead a miserable life |
| C．they like spring very much |
| D．they can’t enjoy themselves outside |
The indoor treasure hunt is an activity in which kids .
| A．would like to get much treasure |
| B．are eager to find something |
| C．are forced to stay indoors |
| D．try to help each other. |
Dressing up can help kids to develop their .
| A．confidence, creation and teamwork skills |
| B．creation, interest and determination |
| C．teamwork skills, hobby and creation |
| D．imagination, hobby and bravery |
I think that the most basic and powerful way to connect to another person is to listen. Just listen. Perhaps the most important thing we ever give each other is our attention and especially if its given from the heart. When people are talking, there’s no need to do anything but receive them. Just take them in. Listen to what they’re saying. Care about it. Most times caring about it is even more important than understanding it.
When we interrupt what someone is saying to let them know that we understand, we move the focus of attention to ourselves. When we listen, they know we care.
I have even learned to respond to someone crying by just listening. In the old days I used to reach for the tissues(纸巾), until I realized that passing a person a tissue may be just another way to shut them down, to take them out of their experience of sadness and pain. Now I just listen. When they have cried all they need to cry, they find me there with them.
This simple thing has not been that easy to learn. It certainly went against everything I had been taught since I was very young at school. I thought people listened only because they were too timid to speak or did not know the answer. A loving silence often has far more power to connect and to heal than the most well-intentioned(善意的)words.When we communicate with others we had better ________________.
| A．listen more | B．understand more |
| C．speak more | D．look here and there |
If we interrupt what someone is saying,________________.
| A．they may think we are too rude to them |
| B．they must be very angry with us |
| C．they may know we dont care about them |
| D．they must stop and listen to us |
Passing a person who is crying a tissue perhaps means_______________
| A．stopping them from crying any more |
| B．Stopping them from saying anything |
| C．advising them to have a rest |
| D．helping them to accept the sadness |
It is very difficult for us to learn to listen because _______________
| A．we may know the answer |
| B．we have an interesting topic |
| C．parents teach us to speak |
| D．it goes against what we have been taught |
What is probably the best title for this article?
| A．Listening and talking |
| B．Listen, just listen |
| C．Listening is not easy to learn |
| D．How to comfort others |
The meaning of the word "volunteer” may be a little different in different countries, but it usually means "one who offers his or her services.” There are many different ways in which people can volunteer, such as taking care of sick people, working in homes for homeless children, and picking up garbage from beaches and parks. Volunteers may work within their own countries or in other countries. They are often people with a strong wish to help those who are less fortunate than themselves. Volunteers don’t expect any kind of pay.
At the root of volunteering is the idea that one person may have the ability to offer services that can help other people. Tracy, a good friend of mine, however, recently came back from India with a new idea of what being a volunteer means. She worked for two and a half weeks in one of Mother Teresa’s homes in Calcutta（加尔各答）. The following is her story.
"I first heard about Mother Teresa in my high school, we watched a video about her work in India and all over the world. I was so moved by her spirit to help others and her endless love for every human being that after I graduated from high school, I also wanted to try her kind of work. So with two friends I flew to Calcutta for a few weeks."
"I was asked to work in a home for sick people. I helped wash clothes and sheets, and pass out lunch. I also fed the people who were too weak to feed themselves and tried to cheer them up. I felt it was better to share with them than to think that I have helped them. To be honest, I don’t think I was helping very much. It was then that I realized that I had not really come to help, but to learn about and experience another culture that helped improve my own understanding of life and the world."According to the text, a volunteer refers to a person who ______.
| A．is willing to help those in need without pay |
| B．can afford to travel to different places |
| C．has a strong wish to be successful |
| D．has made a lot of money in life |
Tracy started her work as a volunteer ______.
| A．after she met Mother Teresa |
| B．after she finished high school |
| C．when she was touring Calcutta |
| D．when she was working in a hospital |
Why did Tracy choose to be a volunteer?
| A．She liked to work with Mother Teresa. |
| B．She had already had some experience. |
| C．She was asked by Mother Teresa. |
| D．She wanted to follow Mother Teresas example. |
What is Tracysnew idea (Paragraph 2) of being a volunteer?
| A．Going abroad to help the sick. |
| B．Working in Mother Teresa’s home. |
| C．Doing simple things to help the poor. |
| D．Improving oneself through helping others. |
What is the best title for the passage?
| A．How to Be a Volunteer. |
| B．The Life of Volunteer in India. |
| C．A Different Meaning of Volunteer. |
| D．Inspiration from Mother Teresa |
Years ago, I lived in a building in a large city. The next building was only a few feet away from mine. There was a woman living there, and I had never met her, yet I could see she sat by her window each afternoon, sewing or reading.
After several months had gone by, I began to notice that her window was dirty. Everything was unclear through the dirty window. I would say to myself. “I wonder why that woman doesn’t wash her window. It really looks terrible.”
One bright morning I decided to clean my flat, including washing the window on the inside.
Late in the afternoon when I finished the cleaning, I sat down by the window with a cup of coffee for a rest. What a surprise! Across the way, the woman sitting by her window was clearly visible (看见). Her window was clean!
Then it dawned on me. I had been criticizing (批评) her dirty window, but all the time I was watching hers through my own dirty window.
That was quite an important lesson for me. How often had I looked at and criticized others through the dirty window of my heart, through my own shortcomings?
Since then, whenever I wanted to judge (评判) someone, I asked myself first, “Am I looking at him through my own dirty window?” I try to clean the window of my own world so that I may see the world about me more clearly.The writer couldn’t see everything clearly through the window because _______.
| A．the woman’s window was dirty |
| B．the writer’s window was dirty |
| C．the woman lived nearby |
| D．the writer was near-sighted |
“It dawned on me” probably means “_______”.
| A．I began to understand it | B．it cheered me up |
| C．I knew it grew light | D．it began to get dark |
It’s clear that ________.
| A．the writer had never met the woman before |
| B．the writer often washed the window |
| C．they both worked as cleaners |
| D．they lived in a small town |
From the passage, we can learn _______.
| A．one shouldn’t criticize others very often |
| B．one should often make his windows clean |
| C．one must judge himself before he judges others |
| D．one must look at others through his dirty windows[ |
As any homemaker who has tried to keep order at the dinner table knows, there is far more to a family meal than food. Sociologist Michael Lewis has been studying 50 families to find out just how much more.
Lewis and his co-workers carried out their study by videotaping(录像)the families while they ate ordinary meals in their own homes. They found that parents with small families talk actively with each other and their children. But as the number of children gets larger, conversation gives way to the parents’ efforts to control the loud noise they make. That can have an important effect on the children. “In general the more question-asking the parents do, the higher the children’s IQ scores,” Lewis says. “And the more children there are, the less question-asking there is.”
The study also provides an explanation for why middle children often seem to have a harder time in life than their siblings(兄弟姐妹). Lewis found that in families with three or four children, dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest child, who has the most to talk about, and the youngest, who needs the most attention. “Middle children are invisible,” says Lewis. “When you see someone get up from the table and walk around during dinner, chances are it’s the middle child.” There is, however, one thing that stops all conversation and prevents anyone from having attention: “When the TV is on,” Lewis says, “dinner is a non-event.”The writer’s purpose in writing the text is to ______.
| A．show the relationship between parents and children |
| B．report on the findings of a study |
| C．teach parents ways to keep order at the dinner table |
| D．give information about family problems |
Parents with large families ask fewer questions at dinner because ______.
| A．they are busy serving food to their children |
| B．they have to pay more attention to younger children |
| C．they are busy keeping order at the dinner table |
| D．they are tired out having prepared food for the whole family |
Lewis’ research provides an answer to the question ______.
| A．why middle children seem to have more difficulties in life |
| B．why TV is important in family life |
| C．why parents should keep good order |
| D．why children in small families seem to be quieter |
Which of the following statements would the writer agree to?
| A．It is important to have the right food for children. |
| B．It is a good idea to have the TV on during dinner. |
| C．Elder children should help the younger ones at dinner |
| D．Parents should talk to each of their children frequently. |
SELF-REFLECTION OF TEACHING PRACTICES READING, WRITING,TALKING
| School: |
Date: |
| Grade(s) presently teaching: |
Please do not sign your name. Mark the responses that most nearly reflect your teaching practices. This is one way to reflect your practices and how much you got out of it.
Keep one copy and give one to your tutor(s0.
HOW OFTEN:
0=never 1=rarely 2="sometimes" (1-2x/ week)
3=moderately(3x/week) 4=often(4x/week) 5=daily
| DEVELOPMENT APPROPRIATENESS:I provide opportunities for students to use literacy for their own purposes using previous knowledge, developmentally appropriate strategies and world experiences |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
| EVIRONMENT: I use flexible grouping, e.g. pairs, small groups of different levels, small needs-based groups, and working alone. |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
| KNOWLEDGE CONSTRUCTION: I provide opportunities for students to interpret literary and informational texts before, during and after reading or listening by talking, writing, enacting, drawing, etc. |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
| ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING: I assess students’ use of literacy strategies using this information to measure student progress and refocus my own teaching. |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
| DEMONSTRATION OF STRATEGIES: I read aloud to students and write in front of them, using literary and informational texts. |
0 |
1 |
2 |
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5 |
| READING STRATEGIES: I instruct students to read strategically, e.g. to reflect, predict, decode, question, connect, retell, summarize, map, etc. |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
| WRITING STRATEGIES: I provide opportunities for students to work through the writing processes alone and with others, e.g. thinking about purposes and audiences, prewriting, drafting, revising, editing and publishing. |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
| SELF-SELECTION: I provide time for the self-selection of books for independent reading in the classroom, and for book sharing. |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
| DEVELOPING MEANING: I provide clear targets to students to develop higher levels of learning, e.g. What does it mean? Why do I need to know it? How will I use it? |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
| EXTENTION OF LEARNING: I provide opportunities and activities for students to learn more about topics of their choice through problem-based learning assignments, etc. |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
| BUILDING SUCCESS: I structure lessons/activities that provide opportunities for all students to experience success. |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
According to the passage, who most probably mark the responses in the form?
| A．Professional tutors. | B．Language teachers. |
| C．Personal physician. | D．Psychological therapist. |
According to the passage, which frequency degree would you choose if you carry out the practice in the form not at all often?
| A．0 | B．1 | C．2 | D．3 |
Mr. Kent bears EXTENTION OF LEARNING idea in mind, he quite often tends to _______.
| A．always set groups to encourage students to work out something by putting heads together |
| B．prepare grade-level materials for teaching |
| C．develop students reading skills during pre- while-and- post-reading stage |
| D．provide students with extra learning materials to further their study |
Mrs. Grace likes to share her version of tasks outcome in class, which could be labeled _____.
| A．ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING | B．KNOWLEDGE CONSTRUCTION |
| C．DEVELOPMENT OF STRATEGIES | D．SELF-SELECTION |
My father passed away in a nursing home on a September day. I never remembered him telling me he loved me. Upon hearing his death, I didn’t feel the need to cry. I struggled with my lack of strong feelings over his passing, knowing it was not healthy for me to avoid sadness.
On Christmas Day of the year, I was reflecting on as many good memories of my father as I could. I decided to work out my feelings, so I sat down and wrote my father a letter.
Dear Daddy,
I remember something today. I remember when I was 3 years old, mom carried me right before bedtime and you sang “Now I Lay Me Down To Sleep” to me, and I remember your voice like it was just yesterday. I remember the warmth of you lying next to me and how special I felt at that moment. Then my mom carried me off to my own bed to tuck me in.
I remember times when I could sit out on the porch with you and watch an approaching thunderstorm, and you would tell me the scientific facts behind lightning and thunder. I thought you knew everything.
I remember you taking my two brothers and me on trips to a stream out in the country on summer days. We would walk along the stream, picking wildflowers to take home to mother.
I want to thank you for giving me an appreciation of nature and science and of God’s beautiful creation, Earth. I want to thank you for making us take part in “family worship” every evening after dinner. I remember that Bible stories and the Golden Rule on how to treat others, and I learnt how to appreciate music in my life from the hymns we sang. I also learnt to harmonize with my sisters.
And most of all, I want to forgive you. I forgive you for not being able to tell me that I was a special girl and that you loved me. I longed for your spoken affection. But I realize something in your own upbringing would not allow you to express your feelings verbally（口头地）. I realize that you did the best that you could with what you knew.
I signed the letter and put it into my wooden box to join many other cards and letters from my family and loved ones that I cherished. But somehow, it had not brought any relief I desired.
On New Year’s Eve, I remember the letter to my father. I took it outside to the yard. Then I built a fire and dropped it into the flame and watched it burn.
As I thanked my father for giving me life, the tears came. I released all the grief and whispered, “you were my father… and I love you.”Why did the writer struggle with the feelings upon hearing her father’s death?
| A．Because she couldn’t accept her father’s death. |
| B．Because she wanted to hold back her sadness. |
| C．Because she knew she should have felt sad. |
| D．Because she had a mixed feeling of love and hatred. |
The writer spent much happy time doing memorable things with father EXCEPT that ___.
| A．father sang songs for her before bedtime |
| B．father taught her nature, science, and history |
| C．father took her on trips in nature |
| D．father read Bible stories for her |
It can be inferred from the text that ______.
| A．the writer burned the letter directly after finishing writing it |
| B．father’s growth influenced his way of expressing himself |
| C．the writer never expected father to express his true feelings |
| D．the writer didn’t forgive her father completely after his death |
Which can be chosen as the best title for the story?
| A．Daddy, I miss you. |
| B．A regretful letter to father |
| C．Happy time with daddy |
| D．The flames of forgiveness |
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