高中英语阅读填空阅读填空

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered the blanks by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
The World Bank, the United Nations and the London School Of Hygiene and Tropica1 Medicine did a study to urge hand-washing around the world. They found that one million lives could be saved each year if people washed their hands with soap often. They said that programs to increase hand-washing with soap could be among the most effective ways to reduce infectious disease.
Doctors say, many diseases can be prevented from spreading by hand-washing. These include pinworms (寄生虫), influenza (流行性感冒), the common cold, hepatitis (肝炎) A, meningitis (脑膜炎) and infectious diarrhea (腹泻).
Hand-washing destroys germs from other people, animals or objects a person has touched. When people get bacteria on their hands, they can infect themselves by touching their eyes, nose or mouth. Then these people can infect other people.  
The experts say the easiest way to catch a cold is to touch your nose or eyes after someone nearby has sneezed or coughed. Another way to become sick is to eat food prepared by someone whose hands were not clean.
The experts say that hand-washing is especially important before and after preparing food, before eating and after using the toilet. People should wash their hands after handling animals or animal waste, and after cleaning a baby. The experts say it is also a good idea to wash your hands after handling money and after sneezing or coughing. And it is important to wash your hands often when someone in your home is sick. The experts say the most effective way to wash your hands is to rub them together while using soap and warm water．They say you do not have to use special antibacterial soap. Be sure to rub all areas of the hands for about ten to fifteen seconds. The rubbing action helps remove germs. Then rinse (冲洗) the hands with water and dry them.
Title： 　　1　　 
I.   　　2 　　
Many diseases can be prevented by increasing hand-washing with soap.
II. When to do
·Before and after preparing food
·Before eating and after  　　 3　　 
·After handling animal or animal waste
·After cleaning a baby
·After handling money and after sneezing or coughing
·When  　　 4 　　  in your home
III.   　　5　　 
· 　　 6 　　  of hands for about 10-15 seconds
· 　　 7　　  to use special antibacterial soap
Rubbing hands together while using  　　 8 　　  water
IV.  　　 9 　　
Hand-washing could be the most  　　 10 　　  to reduce infectious diseases

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
注意：每空格一个单词。
Some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society. We should return to the old traditions of family and community, and then we will have a better life. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion?
In this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes. While people traditionally prioritize(区分优先次序) caring, sharing and generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned.
Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life. They say that it is a jungle out there. To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy. Obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas. In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues. We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct. It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences.
In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary. In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned(谴责) then. But we cannot ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern twins.
Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them? There is no fixed answer either. Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite. But I personally think that people should not be too selfish. Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship.
In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.
Title: Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish?

Main comparisons	Contexts
	In the past people put caring, sharing and generosity in the (2)_________ place.
Nowadays, people seem to be more (3)_________ about themselves.
	People in the past appeared to be modest and self-effacing(谦让).
People may strive to achieve their own (5)_________, even at the price of their coworkers.
The author’s understanding
(6)_________ for the changes in author’s eyes	Fierce (7)_________ and great (8)_________ on modern people may be responsible for the changes.
The author’s (9)_________ towards topic	A relationship which can (10)_________ both sides should be established.

Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world. In Sept.1923, Tokyo and Yokohama were both destroyed by an earthquake and the fires that followed it. They had to be completely rebuilt. One of the most serious earthquakes was in China’s Shanxi Province in 1556. It killed almost one million people.
We measure an earthquake’s strength on the Richter scale. The Richter scale was introduced in 1935 in Southern California in the USA. It measures earthquakes on a scale of one to ten. Any earthquake measuring five or more is usually serious.
The earth’s crust (地壳) is made up of layers of rock called plates. As these plates move, they sometimes crash against each other, causing the crust to quake. In cities such as Tokyo, where small quakes happen quite often, many modern buildings are designed to be flexible so when the earth moves, they move with it.
Earthquakes can also break up gas or oil pipes. This can cause fires to break out, which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself.
Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis (海啸). These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea. They can be many meters high and cause great damage to coastal towns and cities.
China, Japan, Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence (发生) of earthquakes in the world.

Knowing about （1）.__________
Two serious earthquakes in  (2).__________	An earthquake and the following fire (3).__________ both Tokyo and Yokohama in Sept. 1923.
In 1556, a very serious earthquake (4)._________ in China’s Shanxi Province.
The way to (5)._________ an earthquake’s strength	People can measure an earthquake’s strength on the Richter scale of one to ten, (6)._________ in 1935 in the USA. If an earthquake measures five or more, it’s usually serious.
The (7)._______ of earthquakes	As the plates, which form the earth’s (8)._______, move, they sometimes crash against each other, causing the crust to quake.
Some (9)._____ of earthquakes	If earthquakes break up gas or oil pipes, (10)._______ will happen, which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself.
Tsunami is another effect of earthquakes.

请仔细阅读下列文章，并根据所读内容在文章后的表格中的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上，每空只填一个单词。
When difficult people expresses themselves orally, they generally want at least two things: they’ve been heard and they’ve been understood. As a good communicator should be a good listener, five steps are advocated toward good listening.
The first step is cooperating. How does a difficult person know that you’re listening and understanding? In fact, it’s through the way you look and sound while he is talking. You may help him to fully express his thoughts and feelings. You do this by nodding your head in agreement, making certain sounds of understanding.
When the person begins to repeat what’s been said, it’s a signal of step two: turning back. It means that you repeat back some words he is using, sending a clear signal that you’ve listening carefully and that you think what he is saying is important.
Having heard what he has to say, the next step is clarifying. At this point, you start to gather information about what is being communicated. Ask same open-ended questions, which will allow you to figure out what intention he is hoping to satisfy.
The fourth step is to summarize what you’ve heard. This allows you to make sure that both you and the difficult person the same page. When you do this, two things happen. First, if you’ve missed something, he can fill in the details. Second you’ve shown that you’re making an effort to understand completely. This increases possibility of gaining cooperation from him.
Having listened carefully, you’ve now arrived at the point of confirming with the person that he feels satisfied that his thoughts have been fully voiced. Ask if he feels understood.
Then enough sincere listening, questioning, and remembering are brought together, understanding is usually achieved and a difficult person becomes less difficult and more cooperative.

▲	Listen to understand
Reason	Difficult people hope they have been heard and ▲ when they express themselves.
▲  towards listening	◆  ▲  in agreement and make some sounds of understanding while a difficult person is speaking. ◆Repeat some  ▲   that you have heard. ◆Collect information about the person’s expressions and find his  ▲ . ◆Give a  ▲  of what the person has said. ◆Confirm that the person gains   ▲  from speaking his thoughts.
Result	A difficult person will be ▲  to cooperate with if understanding is achieved.
▲	You may unlock the doors to difficult people’s minds after you listen and understand.

 

认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸相应题号的横线上。
Cheating is common in various kinds of exams in college. Students don’t feel shame to cheat in exams. They know that if caught cheating in an exam, the punishment will not be serious. This leads to frequent cheating in exams.
At the University of Nevada, after students photographed test questions with their cellphone cameras, transmitted them to classmates outside the exam room and got the answers back in text messages, the university put in place a new monitoring system.
With their electronic tools, students these days find it easier to cheat. So college officials find themselves in a new game of cat and mouse, trying to gain an advantage over would-be cheats this exam season with a range of strategies—cutting off Internet access from laptops, or demanding the surrender of cellphones before tests.
Mr. Dapremont said technology had made cheating easier, but added that plagiarism（剽窃）in writing papers was probably a bigger problem because students can easily lift other people’s writings off the Internet.
Still, some students said they thought cheating these days was more a product of an attitude, not the tool at hand. Pressure to succeed sometimes clouds everything and makes people do things that they shouldn’t do. Students today feel more pressure to do well in order to graduate from school and secure a job.
Whatever the reasons for cheating, college officials say the battle against it is wearing them out. First, people who cheat in exams will lose interest in studying. Second, they believe studying isn’t meaningful. Even though they don’t do anything, they can still pass. Third, people who cheat in exams will influence others. Plenty of hardworking people will see that their results are lower than people who cheat in exams. Thus, we must prevent cheating in exams. We reduce the opportunities for cheating in exams.
The vast majority of Americans still believe that honesty is an important part of the American character. For that reason, there are numerous watchdog committees at all level of society. Although signs of dishonesty in school, business, and government seem much more numerous in recent years than in the past, could that because we are getting better at revealing such dishonesty?
Many educators feel that as students gain confidence in themselves and their abilities, they are less likely to cheat. Surprisingly, some efforts to prevent cheating may actually encourage cheating—a person may feel “ they don’t trust me anyway”, and be tempted to “ beat the system”. Distrust can be contagious（可传染的）. But, so can trust.
Title: Cheating in exams in college

Facts	◇ Cheating in exams is common in college. ◇ Students don’t take cheating in exams as    1   behaviour.
Means of cheating and plagiarism	◇ Use     2    . ◇ Surf the Internet.
3  for cheating	◇ Cheats are not     4    seriously. ◇ The latest technology makes it     5    for students to cheat. ◇ Heavy pressure makes students want to do well so as to ensure    56  and a job.
7  of cheating	◇ People will become     8   in studying. ◇ People will believe studying doesn’t make     9    . ◇ People cheating in exams will influence others negatively.
Solution	Educators and students should      10    each other.

 

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they’re always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to offend them because they have a talent for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. ‘It’s unfair,’ they say, ‘that this entirely unproductive industry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each year. It only goes to show how much profit the big companies are making. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it’s the consumer who pays…’
The poor old consumer! He’d have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn’t create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods comes largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.
Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway rules while waiting for a train? Would you like to read only closely printed columns of news in your daily paper? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a dull wall or a newspaper full of disasters.
We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not survive without this source of revenue(收益). The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmes is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!
Another thing we mustn’t forget is the ‘small ads.’ which are in virtually every newspaper and magazine. What a greatly useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the ‘hatch, match and dispatch’ column but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or ‘agony’ column（读者来信专栏）. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It’s the best advertisement for advertising there is!

Topic	Advertising or not?
1  of criticism	having a talent for self-promotion   2  so much money making the price of goods   3
With ads	Consumer goods are not so   4 . People   5  a great deal of knowledge from ads. Ads provide us with some   6  to new products or remind us of the old ones. A cheerful, witty ad makes our life more   7  .
Without ads	Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could hardly   8 . We pay   9  for our daily paper or cannot enjoy so many broadcast programmes. It will not be so   10   if people want to find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death.

 

任务型阅读（共10题；每题1分，满分10分）
There are some very good things about open education. This way of teaching allows the students to develop their own interests in many subjects. Open education allows students to be responsible for their own education. Some students do badly in traditional classrooms. The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning. Some students will be happier in an open education school. They will not have to worry about grades or rules.
But many students will not do well in an open classroom. For some students, there are too few rules. These students will do little in school. They will not make good use of open education. Because open education is so different from traditional education, these students may have a problem of getting used to making so many choices. For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom. They worry about the rules even when there are no rules. Even a few rules will help this kind of students. The last point about open education is that some traditional teachers do not like it. Many teachers do not believe in open education. Teachers who want to have an open classroom may have many problems at their school.
You now know what open education is. Some of its good points and bad points have been explained. You may have your own opinion about open education. The writer thinks that open education is a good idea, but only in theory. In actual fact, it may not work very well in a real class or school. The writer believes that most students, but of course not all students, want some structure in their classes. They want and need to have some rules. In some cases, they must be made to study some subjects. Many students are pleased to find subjects they have to study interesting. They would not study those subjects if they did not have to.
Title: Open 1._____________

Definition	Open education is a way of teaching which allows students to learn what they are 2.___________ in without many rules.
4.__________	◆Open education enables students to realize they are learning for 3. ___________, not for others. ◆In open classrooms, many students don’t need to be afraid of grades or rules. ◆Some students find 5. ________ happiness in open classrooms compared with traditional classrooms.
Disadvantages	◆Many students cannot prove themselves as good in open classrooms as in traditional classrooms. ◆There are so many 6. _________ for students to make that they can’t use open education properly. ◆Some teachers are not in 7. _________ of such way of teaching.
The writer’s 8. __________ to open education	◆Open education is just theoretical, but in a 9._________ class or school it is not so good. ◆10. _________ of the students want some structure in their classes.

认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸相应题号的横线上。
Mirriam Websters online dictionary defines happy as: enjoying good health and satisfaction. Sounds nice, doesn’t it? I know a secret that can lead to happiness. Now you may ask, what secret is that? It’s a well-known secret, in fact. Perform a random(随意的) act of kindness per day.
Positive psychology is the scientific study of the strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to grow. According to University of Pennsylvania’s website, positive psychology has three central concerns: positive emotions, positive individual character, and positive systems. Understanding positive emotion includes the study of satisfaction with the past, happiness at present, and hope for the future. Understanding positive individual character consists of the study of the strengths and virtues, such as love, courage, creativity, curiosity, self-knowledge, self-control, and wisdom. Understanding positive systems needs the study of meaning and purpose as well as the strengths that help the growth of better communities, such as responsibility, leadership, teamwork, purpose, and tolerance(忍耐力).
Positive psychology focuses on strengths as well as weaknesses, on building the best things in life as well as repairing the worst. It asserts(断言) that human goodness and excellence is just as real as sadness and illness, and that life consists more than seeking the answers to problems. All these things can be summed up in one concept: giving can equal a meaningful life, i.e. happiness.
But you are probably wondering how. Well, let’s examine the research, shall we? A 1996 study showed that wealth is only weakly related to happiness both within and across nations, particularly when income is above the poverty level. So money does not mean happiness. In 2000, a different study showed that activities that make people happy in some way—such as shopping, good food and making money—do not lead to satisfaction in the long term, indicating that these have quick diminishing returns(收益递减).
However, on the other hand, we also know that people who witness others perform good deeds experience an emotion which drives them to perform their own good deeds. Making a contribution to the lives of other people may help to extend our own lives.
This is why I make a point of trying to do something nice every day. Sometimes I tip much larger than I need to. Sometimes I just smile at someone who looks like they really need it. A random act of kindness is an act that receives just as much as it gives. You’ll be happier. They’ll be happier. And you’ll live longer. So, please, perform a random act of kindness each day.

Title	Happiness and kindness
The ______ of happiness	Being healthy and _____.
The _____ to happiness	Performing a random act of kindness per day
Positive psychology behind happiness	The three central concerns: Positive emotion is the positive attitude toward the present, the past and the future. Positive character is the_______ and virtues in one. Positive system is what helps better communities _______.
The focus of positive psychology: It attaches much importance to building the strengths and repairing weaknesses. Life is more than _______ problems. A meaningful life lies in ______.
The results of a study	Wealth is only related to happiness in a(n) ______ way. Some activities only bring happiness for a _____ time.
The influence	Good deeds can bring people an emotion to do the _____ and make them live longer. I will do something nice every day such as giving a larger tip and smiling at whoever needs it.

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
We all have goals that we are moving towards and making a great effort to achieve. This is a good thing. Or can it be bad? How many of us never reach our goals and yet we have tried so hard and really thought about nothing else? I believe the mistake most of us make is that we do not focus on our present situation.
Let me explain. Most of us see our present situation as a stepping stone that we use simply as a means of reaching our final destination. We don’t take time to truly appreciate where we are today and all the great things we already have in our lives. We should focus our attention on the journey and not on the destination, or we will miss the beautiful scenery along the way.
Let’s use our job as an example. Now most of us want a promotion. We have plans to become the manager or general manager in our companies. Unfortunately, most of us will never reach the goal, but will watch others achieve our goal instead.
What we should be doing is focusing on the job we are currently in now. Forget where we want to get to and just focus on the present. You see, what we can control is our performance in our current job. We can decide to be the best we possibly can in our current job. Now this may mean further education to have the skills we currently do not have. It may mean working harder to produce better results than our colleagues. It could simply be a change of attitude, such as stopping complaining and becoming a more devoted and supportive employee. By doing our current job to the best of our abilities, we in fact give ourselves the best chance of promotion.
So the best thing for all of us to do to achieve our goals is to just focus on what we have and where we are now. Do the best and be the best we possibly can in our current situations, and we will give ourselves the very best chance of reaching our goals in the future. We have heard the old sayings and they are true: “Rome wasn’t built in a day.”, “Patience is a virtue”, and so on.
Have patience, have appreciation of what we already have, and take time to help ourselves be the very best we can. Do these things and we will all reach our goals, but more importantly, we will enjoy our life every day.

Title	Focus on the present
Theme	To (1) ______ our goals, we should focus on what we have and where we are now.
Common (2)______	﹡We do not focus on our present situation. ﹡Most of us see our present situation as a stepping stone to our final destination. ﹡We do not spend the time truly (3)______ where we are today and what we already have in our lives.
(4)______——our job	﹡(5)______ the thought of getting promoted. What we should do is (6)______ our best to do our current job. ﹡to be the best in our current job, we should get further education, work harder than (7)______, stop complaining and (8)______ ourselves to our job.
Conclusion	If we are (9)______, grateful for what we have, and take time to help ourselves be the very best we can, we can not only (10)______ in the future, but also enjoy our life every day.

Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy. It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance the well-being of local inhabitants.
Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.
On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Business can also lose money. It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, first-class roads, and other support facilities needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international-class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If the room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel lose money.
1.___________: Tourism

Advantages	●Helping develop 2. __________ ●Keeping the 3. _________and beauty ●Advancing the well-being of local people ●4._________ more jobs
5. __________	●6._________ other parts of the country’s economy ●Making public places 7._________ ●Increasing 8._________ on traffic ●9._______ a large amount of money to build infrastructures ●Causing a 10._____ of money if the facilities are left unused

Blood donation, also called blood banking, is a wonderful thing to do. It is an easy and direct way to contribute to social work and help the community. It helps to save lives and helps those who are in need of blood due to bad condition or the heavy loss of blood during operations or in accidents.
You are able to give or donate blood every three or four month, and it is a great way to make  a huge difference to someone’s life and you can always be proud of it after making valuable contributions to society. Blood donation is not a big problem, but you need to keep a few points in mind.
Before donating blood, make sure that the ferrum (铁) level in your body is high enough and for that you should take a healthy diet. Do not go for blood donation on an empty stomach. You should follow the correct process so that everything goes well. After having a balanced diet you will feel strong and comfortable to donate blood. Afterwards, you will not feel faint or weak.
For required hemoglobin (血红蛋白) in your body, drink lots of juice and other drinks. Fruit juice, such as apple juice is very good for increasing the blood level in your body.
For a good blood flow in your body, drink at least 6-7 glasses of water every day. Completely avoid a day before and after giving blood, taking alcohol (酒). Do not smoke half an hour before giving blood.
When you are going for blood donation, be relaxed, which helps keep the right blood pressure. During the blood donation activity, take a deep breath and try to calm yourself. Don’t join in some other activities.
When you donate blood, you are making the effort to save someone’s life. Blood donation is a very simple and fast process, but you need to take care of yourself after donating blood. Proper care helps to reduce side effects. The following are a few tips that will help you out.
Take a rest for 15 minutes after the donation. It helps you to feel relaxed.
Eat something and drink juice before leaving the blood donation centre. Make sure that you have meals after donating blood. Smoking should be avoided for one hour after the process. Avoid some activities right away, for example, driving.
Finally, be proud of yourself because you have done a great thing in helping to save someone’s life. Blood donation is a very important activity.

Title	Blood donation — an important activity
The (1)      of blood donation	? (2)      to social work and the community ? Helping those people who suffer the loss of (3)      ? Giving yourself a sense of pride
(4)      the donation	? Take a healthy (5)      for a high ferrum level. ? Drink fruit juice for enough hemoglobin. ? Drink at least 6-7 glasses of water daily for a good (6)      of blood. ? (7)    taking alcohol and smoking cigarettes.
During the donation	? Relax and breathe deeply ? Never take (8)      in other activities.
After the donation	? Take a rest. ? Don’t skip (9)     . ? Don’t smoke until one hour later. ? Don’t join in some activities like driving (10)

The most important factor(因素) that leads to success is what you do every single day. Your habits will decide whether you are successful or not. If you have strong and healthy positive habits, it does not matter whether or not you fail today because you will succeed in the long term. Having positive habits does not mean that you will succeed every single time. However, in the long term, there is no doubt that you will achieve all your goals and be successful. On the other hand, if you have strong negative habits, you will fail in the long term. It does not matter whether you succeed today or not.
Why are habits so important?
A single positive action will not change your life, but the same action repeated 1,000 times will have a great effect on your life. For example, if you go to the gym one time, you won’t see a big difference in your life. However, if your go to the gym 1,000 time over a five-year period, you will see a big difference in your body. The same principle(原则) is true of finance (金融), health, relationships, work, career, and school. Simple positive actions repeated every single day will have a great effect on your life in the long run.
How to develop positive habits?
There’s nothing easier than developing positive habits. You simply have to do every single day the action you want to make a habit. If you want to develop the habit of running, run almost every day. If you want to develop the habit of reading, read every day. Habits are created by repetition(重复). The more you do an action. the easier it becomes in the long run.
How to get rid of negative habits?
The only way to destroy negative habits is to stop reinforcing(加强) them. If you are a smoker, stop smoking. If you are a drug user, stop using drugs. Yes, it will be very difficult at the beginning. The first week will be very hard. After three weeks, you will feel a lot better. It’s hard to get rid of negative habits because you got a lot of pleasure from these habits in the past.
You can do it!
Everybody can change. All it takes is courage and determination. Decide right now to improve your life by changing your habits. Take action right now! Don’t be afraid. Yes, you will probably make mistakes along the way. But never forget that success is waiting for you if you have positive habits in your life. If you refuse to give up, success will be yours.
Title：Habits and success

Brief introduction	Whether you are successful or not is (1)      by your habits. Positive habits (2)     to success in the long term while having negative habits means the opposite.
Supporting details	Why are habits so important?	(3)     your life won’t be changed by a single positive action, the same actions and behaviors repeated many times will (4)   life greatly. (5)    finance, this principle can also be used in health, relationships, work, career, and school.
How to develop positive habits?	●It’s very(6)      to develop positive habits. ●Habits are formed if they are(7)       .
How to get rid of negative habits?	Only by(8)      reinforcing negative habits can we get rid of them.
You call do it!	●It takes(9)        and determination to change. ●(10)    right now, for success is waiting for you!

When we think about giving help to developing countries, we often think about giving money so that these countries can build schools and hospitals, buy food and medicine, or find clean water supplies. These seem to be the most important basic needs of the people we are trying to help. However, it’s far from enough. Ladies and gentlemen, we’ve got to come up with some better ideas to help them.
I was very surprised, then, when I read about a plan to make cheap laptop computers（便携式电脑）for children in developing countries. A man called Nicholas Negroponte invented a cheap laptop computer, which can run without electricity. He decided to invent this computer after he visited a school in Cambodia.
The laptop which Mr. Negroponte has designed is a little different from the normal laptop computers you can buy in the shops. One difference is that it will be covered in rubber so that it is very strong and won’t be damaged easily. As an electricity supply can be a problem in developing countries, the computer also has a special handle（把手）so that children can wind（摇）the computer up to give it extra power when needed.
These special laptop computers will cost less than 100 US dollars and Mr. Negroponte wants to build as many as 15 million machines in the first year of production. The idea is that these computers will help the children’s education as they will be able to access the Internet. These computers might not help the people in developing countries immediately, but by improving children’s education they should help people to find their own solutions to their problems in the long term.
Another idea to help children in developing countries is to recycle old mobile phones so that they can be used again. In the UK, and, probably in many other countries too, millions of mobile phones are thrown away every year. The waste created by throwing away these old phones is very bad for the environment, so it seems to be an excellent idea to recycle them. In this way we will be able to achieve two important goals（目标）at the same time. We will reduce the waste we produce and help others. In other words, we will be able to “kill two birds with one stone”, and that is always a good thing.
  1  : Some new and better ways to help developing countries

Traditional way	Giving money to help them meet the most important basic   2    such as food and medicine.
New ideas	Making cheap laptop computers for children there	3	Nicholas Negroponte
Reason	His   4   to a school in Cambodia
Features	1. Being covered in rubber 2. Running  5  electricity 3. Being able to access the Internet
6	Less than $100
Purposes	1. To help  7    children 2. To help people solve problems
8 old mobile phones for reuse	9	Throwing away old mobile phones easily creates waste, which does       ___10   to the environment.
Goals to achieve	We’ll reduce the waste; meantime, we will help others.

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文后表格的空格处填入最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格填1个单词。
As a saying goes, a warm and loving hug to embrace(拥抱) you. Man is a social animal by nature. We all need friends, as they are there for us when we need support, just as we are there for them whenever they need us. Therefore, it is necessary for you to know how to make friends.
The first step is to open yourself up. If you want to make good friends, you should be able to share your thoughts and feelings with other people first. Only when you share something of yourself with others, can you begin making friends. When your friends open a conversation with you, they are usually expecting you to share information in return. That is to say, when you are in a conversation, you’d better express your own thoughts and feelings. If a conversation is one-sided, the person doing all the talking may think the other person is not interested in what he is saying. So, when talking with your friends, be sure that the conversation is a two-way street.
One of the most important keys to building a solid friendship with other people is to listen to them—really listen. When your friends tell you something that happened to them or complain（埋怨） about a situation, they are usually not looking for agreement but just want to be heard. So don’t try to change their mind or solve their problems, just let them know that you are listening to them.
Respecting your friends is also important to keep your relationships healthy and strong. Looking at your friends while they are talking to you is one way to show your respect, as they will feel that what they are saying is important to you.
Unconditional support and encouragement is one of the things which friends have. True friendship means offering a shoulder when they need it, crying with them when they are sad, and laughing with them when they are happy. Only in this way, can the tree of friendship last for a long time.

The (1) ______ of friendship	Friends make your happiness more and your sadness less. Friends are always ready to (2) ______ you.
(3) _____ to make friends	Open yourself up	Share your (4) ______ and feelings with others. Always respond when your friends are talking to you.
(5) _____ to your friends	Don’t try to (6) ______ their mind or solve their problems, just listen.
(7) _____ your friends	Have (8) ____ contact(接触) when talking to a friend.
Support and (9) _____ your friends	Offer a shoulder when your friends are in (10) ______ . Cry with them when they are sad, and laugh with them when they are happy.

 

任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应的横线上。
Maybe you are an average student. You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessary so, however. Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. Here’s how:
1. Plan your time carefully. When you plan your week, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time. First your time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. then decide a good, regular time for studying. Don’t forget to set aside enough time for entertainment. A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems, but it will force you to realize what is happening to your time.
2. Find a good place to study. Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this space, which may be a desk or simply a corner of your room, free of everything but study materials. No games, radios, or television! When you sit down to study, concentrate on the subject.
3. Make good use of your time in class. Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teachers say. Really listening in class means less work later. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.
4. Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes. Review the important points that your teacher mentioned in class. If you know what your teacher is going to discuss the next day, read that material will become more meaningful, and you will remember it longer.
5. Develop a good attitude about tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. They help you remember your new knowledge. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t be overly worried.
There are other methods that might help you with your studying. You will probably discover many others after you have tried these.
How to become a better student

General method	How to	Advantage
Plan your time carefully	Make a list	Force you to realize(6) ____ is happening to your time
Make a (1) ______
Find a good place to study	Free of everything but study (2) ______	You can (7) ______on the subject
Make good use of your time in class	Listen to everything the teachers say	Really listening in class means (8) ______ work later
Taking (3) ______
Study regularly	Go over your notes
(4) ______ new material	Help you (9) _____it better , remember it longer
Develop a good attitude about tests	Don’t be (5) ______ worried	Remember your new (10) ______