根据短文内容，从下框A~F选项中选出能概括每段主题的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。
A、The Long History of Marriage.
B、 Three Historical Stages of Marriage.
C、 Small Pay for a Happy Marriage.
D、Requirements for Marriage.
E、 Wedding and Marriage Ceremonies.
F、 Reasons for Marriage.______
Married people know they must adjust to one another to make their marriage successful, and that adjustments require thoughtfulness, co-operation, and sacrifices of some personal desires. Through the ages, however, people in all lands have found that these adjustments are very little to pay for the lifetime rewards of a happy marriage.______
Some countries, such as England and Switzerland, require that banns(结婚预告), or public notices of a proposed marriage, be announced. In most civilized countries couples must get a license to marry. Most states require a blood test or a general check-up before granting a license.______
Wedding and marriage are not the same. The wedding is the ceremony that marks the beginning of a marriage. The basic element of marriage is the “consensus(意见一致) in the marriage ceremony---that is, the mutual agreement of the two people to be married.______
The history of marriage may be as old as that of the man and family. In ancient times the man’s family often provided presents for all the relatives of the girl. If the gifts were favorably received, the man would be given the woman he wanted.______
Marriage has developed through three stages. At first it was simply mating. The second stage gradually developed the legal process and moral obligations, and the rights of each mate began to be defined. The third stage stresses ethical(道德的) rights.
The word addiction usually makes you think of alcohol or drugs. Some people are compulsive (难以自制的) shoppers. Others find it impossible to pull themselves away from their work. Still others spend countless hours watching TV or playing computer games.
Many people enjoy going to markets or stores more and more every day, but it’s more than a common hobby for some of them. They have turned into shopaholics. They are people who simply enjoy shopping and walking around spending money without being able to stop doing it. They are so interested in shopping that they usually buy things they don’t need. Even though they don’t have enough money, they buy everything they want.
The question is why they have this addiction. There isn’t a specific answer. Some people go shopping when they are sad, worried, upset or lonely. Shopaholics say that they feel more important and better after they buy something. They also tend to have this addiction when they feel guilty.
Some of them can be psychological. If this is the case, people addicted to shopping should go to a support group to help them break this habit. However, the process, like for most addictions, is long, and they suffer a lot. It can also cause financial problems. They just think about satisfying their feelings, so they spend money they don’ t have.
| A．Once you are addicted to alcohol or drugs, it is difficult to get rid of. |
| B．Over the years, shopping has become a very common activity. |
| C．They use this activity as a way to forget their problems. |
| D．However, in modern-day society we are seeing some new kinds of addictions. |
E. People addicted to computer games consider the games as great ways to amuse themselves.
F. They get deep in debt, and can even go bankrupt (破产) and get sent to prison.
G. Shopaholism seems to be a harmless addiction, but it can bring out problems.
根据短文内容，从下框的A--F 选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余项。
| A. Children don’t mean to annoy their parents. B. Children can’t understand their parents. C. Generation gap exists between parents and kids. D. Communication can help you become independent. E. Parents should understand their children. F. Children want to prove parents are responsible. |
Parents complain that their teenage children don’t listen to them. They don’t like the way their kids are dressed. They can’t appreciate the music their children prefer. They don’t like the stars their children admire. Of course, teenagers too are puzzled. They wonder why there is always difference between them and their parents. This is what we call generation gap.
Some children have always complained that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they do not trust their children to deal with crises; that they talk too much about certain problems and that they have no sense of humor, at least in parent-child relationships. Actually, this happens as a result of misunderstanding because loving the young is the nature of all the parents.
Young people often get their parents annoyed with their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in idols （偶像）and music, but that is not their desire. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted. So they create a culture and society of their own. Then, if it turns out that their music or idols or clothes or hairstyles annoy their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They may think that they are leaders in style and taste.
Sometimes you are satisfied if your parents don’t approve of what you do. You may think that they do so for your sake. They tend to bring their children under control just because they want to be responsible for their children. On the contrary, you’ll be sad if they let you do everything in your own way. That will make you think they don’t care about you.
If you plan to control your life, you are supposed to communicate with others in a more effective way. You can charm others, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want. You can impress others with your sense of responsibility, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do.
下面文章有5处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
| A. How inner beliefs can help B. How to develop positive habits C. Improve your life D. You can do it E. Action plan F. Why are habits so important |
The single most important factor that contributes to success is what you do every single day. It is as simple as that. Your habits will determine whether you are successful or not. If you have strong and healthy positive habits, it does not matter whether or not you fail today because you are guaranteed to succeed in the long run. ________
Because you repeat the same actions and the same behaviors every single day, a single positive action will not change your life, but the same action repeated 1,000 times will have a significant impact on your life. For example, if you go to the gym one time, you won't see a big difference in your life. However, if you go to the gym 1,000 times over a five year period, you will see a big difference in your body. The same principle applies to finance, health, relationships, work, career, and school. Simple positive actions repeated every single daywill have a great impact on your life in the long run. ________
There's nothing easier than developing positive habits. You simply have to do every single day the action you want to make a habit. If you want to develop the habit of running, run almost every day. If you want to develop the habit of eating healthy, eat healthy every day. If you want to develop the habit of reading, read every day. Habits are created by repetition. The more you do an action, the easier it becomes in the long run. ________
If you want to be successful in changing your habits, you should think about changing your inner beliefs about your habits. For example, your old belief was: "I love cigarette because it makes me feel good and relaxed. I need cigarette to be happy and relaxed." If you keep this belief, you won't be able to keep your resolution to stop smoking for very long. Instead, you should adopt this new belief: "I love yoga because it makes me feel good and relaxed. Cigarette is poisonous and destroys my body. Yoga makes me happy." You should analyze your beliefs and make sure they won't stop you from changing your habits. The same is true when you try to form positive habits. If you want to start eating healthy food, here are some positive beliefs you should start thinking about: "Healthy food is very good for my health. It gives me a lot of energy and I feel very good."________
It's now time for you to develop positive habits in your life and avoid your negative habits. Write down 3 positive habits that you would like to develop and 3 negative habits that you would like to get rid of. For each positive habit, write down exactly what actions you're going to take every single day in order to develop the new habit. For each negative habit, write down exactly what actions you're not going to take in the next weeks. Here are some positive habits that will lead to success: exercise, healthy food, reading, saving, studying, healthy relationships, hard work, etc... Here are some negative habits to get rid of: gambling, drug and alcohol abuse, overeating, shyness, etc. ________
Everybody can change. All it takes is courage and commitment. Decide right now to improve your life by changing your habits. Take action right now! Don't be afraid. Yes, you will probably make mistakes along the way. But never forget that success is guaranteed for you if you have positive habits in your life. If you refuse to quit, success will be yours
七选五(满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Health is the most important thing in the world. Nothing is more important than health. If one takes away our money, houses, cars, or even our clothes, we can still survive. __That is why we always try to eat in a healthy way and exercise often.
How can we keep healthy? In order to eat healthily, I usually avoid eating food high in fat, like French fries or cookies, which are junk foods.__ Besides, I only eat a little meat.
___ Taking exercise every day helps us build a strong body. Regular exercise is an important part of keeping me healthy.
What’s more, I think friends are important part of one’s health.___ I always feel better when I am with friends than I am alone. When I am with my friends, I always laugh. Laughing is also an important part of health. It is good to stay with my friends.
By eating properly and exercising regularly, I can keep my body at a proper weight and keep healthy. By spending time with my friends, I can keep my mind as well as my body happy. These things sound easy to do, but not many people can manage them._
| A．Some people appear fat because they often eat too much. |
| B．I eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruit which are full of vitamins. |
| C．I think a strong will is necessary if we want to keep healthy. |
| D．But if our health is taken away, it is certain that we will surely die. |
E.On the other hand, doing exercise is very important.
F.There are some people who like staying alone, but they keep healthy.
G.Many studies show that people with a narrow range of social contacts often get sick.
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Personal Forgiveness
ㅤTaking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step，but don't beat yourself up about them. To err （犯错）is human.（1）＿＿＿＿You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
ㅤIn a journal or on a piece of paper，put the heading "Personal strengths."（2）＿＿＿＿ Are you caring？Creative？Generous？A good listener？Fun to be around？They don't have to be world ﹣changing，just aspects of your personality that you're proud of.
ㅤAt the top of a second page，put the heading"Acts of kindness." On this one，list all the positive things you've done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework，when you did the ironing without being asked，or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.（3）＿＿＿＿
ㅤYou could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.（4）＿＿＿＿That way，you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact，don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost self﹣confidence at any time.
ㅤIt's something of a cliché（陈词滥调） that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes.
The thing is，it's true.（5）＿＿＿＿We' re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
| A． |
A little self﹣forgiveness also goes a long way. |
| B． |
Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. |
| C． |
They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. |
| D． |
It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. |
| E． |
It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it. |
| F． |
Whatever it is，no matter how small it might seem，write it down. |
| G． |
Whatever the mistake，remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality. |
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
ㅤHere's a riddle：What do traffic jams，long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common？There's one answer（1） .
ㅤIn the Digital Age，we're used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips.However，research suggests that if we practiced patience，we'd be a whole lot better off.Here are several tricks.
ㅤ●Practice gratitude（感激）
ㅤThankfulness has a lot of benefits：Research shows it makes us happier，less stressed and even more optimistic.（2） . " Showing thankfulness can foster self control，" said Ye Li，researcher at the University of California.
ㅤ●Make yourself wait
ㅤInstant gratification（ 满足） may seem like the most " feel good" option at the time，but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run.And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. （3） .Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.You'll soon find that the more patience you practice，the more you start to apply it to other，more annoying situations.
ㅤ●（4）
ㅤSo many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate，and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone，we get impatient about the circumstances.You should learn to say to yourself， "（5） . " You'll then gradually become more patient.
| A． |
Find your causes |
| B． |
Start with small tasks |
| C． |
Accept the uncomfortable |
| D． |
All this adds up to a state of hurry |
| E． |
It can also help us practice more patience |
| F． |
This is merely uncomfortable，not intolerable |
| G． |
They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience |
| A． The format of magazines enables children to be exposed to a wide variety of subjects． B． Magazines and newspapers provide adults with critical news． C． Being exposed to magazines and newspapers benefits you a lot． D． Keep interesting magazine pictures to give children story ideas． E． Magazines are valuable assets for many people， but in particular to children． F． Magazines and newspapers are expensive now but out of style． |
Magazine Articles： More Valuable Than You May Think
Parents are often surprised when teachers suggest their children read magazines． Read on to learn about the benefits that reading magazines offers to young readers and how to introduce your children to the medium．
Magazine Benefits
Magazine articles can provide reluctant readers with a lively， breezy writing style that can inspire them to read more．
The articles in magazines are generally short， which allows a child to finish reading a feature article without losing interest due to a short attention span． The writing in magazines also tends to be easy to read， especially if it is a children's publication．
By allowing your child to read magazines at an early age， you are encouraging development of a useful skill．（1） Getting into the habit of reading periodicals as a child will foster the habit of reading news articles that may continue into adulthood．
（2） Magazine articles challenge students to think about issues they may have never considered or cause them to rethink their world view． Information is available in a wide variety of reading levels because magazines are written for every audience imaginable． Many publications cover the same material in different writing styles that might make it easier for your child to comprehend．
Magazine Activities
Reading magazines as a family can be used to introduce each other to the various interests that each family member possesses． When your children are finished with their magazines， encourage them to pass their issue on to a sibling or other family member．
Once each family member has finished reading each magazine， you can use them for art and writing projects． These projects are for family members of all ages：
1． Cut out pictures to help your preschool and kindergarten children learn their alphabet， numbers， and colors．
2． （3） Paste the picture at the top of a page and have them write a story about what is happening or what the picture represents．
3． Clip pictures to create a collage． Many teenagers love using their artistic talents to collage．
（4） The skills that students utilize and strengthen when reading magazines can be applied to higher level reading and other academic subjects． Encouraging your child to read by giving them a magazine subscription could cause them to take the leap from being a reluctant reader to a voracious page﹣turner．
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Color is fundamental in home design-something you'll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in. Do you want a room that's full of life? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?___36_____, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.___37_____, they can get a little complex. But good news is that there're really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.
____38____.They're the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves.___39_____.They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
The large color decision in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant.___40_____.
| A． | While all of them are useful |
| B． | Whatever you're looking for |
| C． | If you're experimenting with a color |
| D． | Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with |
| E． | It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces |
| F． | So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time |
| G． | Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways |
A Few Tips for Self﹣Acceptance
We all want it …to accept and love ourselves．But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach．（1） Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction．
●（2） Do not follow the people who make you feel not﹣good﹣enough．Why do you follow them？Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs？Know that your life is your own；you are the only you in this world．
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made．We are often ashamed of our shortcomings，our mistakes and our failures．（3） You will make mistakes，time and time again．Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better，why not offer yourself a compassionate （有同情心） response？"That didn't go as planned．But，I tried my best．"
●Recognize all of your strengths．Write them down in a journal．Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness．List all of your accomplishments and achievements．You have a job，earned your degree，and you got out of bed today．（4）
●Now that you've listed your strengths，list your imperfections．Turn the page in your journal．Put into words why you feel unworthy，why you don't feel good enough．Now，read these words back to yourself．（5） Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements．See how awesome you are？
| A． |
Feeling upset again？ |
| B． |
Where do you start？ |
| C． |
Nothing is too small to celebrate． |
| D． |
Remember， you are only human． |
| E． |
Set an intention for self﹣acceptance． |
| F． |
Stop comparing yourself with others． |
| G． |
When does the comparison game start？ |
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。注意{ E选项填涂AB, F选项填涂AC,G选项填涂AD}。
Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways . Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.
You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. .Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.
.
The following methods may work best for you.
●Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.
●Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts.
● Write your notes in your own words.
● .
● Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.
As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand(速记). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. .
| A．Use words, not complete sentences. |
| B．There are three practical note-taking methods. |
| C．You must write your notes on separate paper. |
| D．Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later. |
E. you will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.
F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.
G. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.
Getting your children to study can be a little like getting them to eat their vegetables. Make a study time and have it at the same time every day. This will help your kids to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over how they spend their time.
Allow them to study in blocks of time, such as for half an hour with a five-minute break in the middle. Ideal (理想的)study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner.
Never allow your children to study in front of the television, as that will encourage passive activity. You’ll also need to help your kids find the right place to study. After you’ve set up a good study time for little learners, set up a good place where they can get those creative juices flowing.
Make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair.
This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answers to any questions. The input you give your children during study periods will help form a bond and help make studying enjoyable.
| A．Hold them to the schedule they create for themselves. |
| B．Pick a place where your children can study properly. |
| C．Keep the atmosphere light and offer lots of encouragement, too. |
| D．One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule that they keep to. |
E. Try to stop this bad habit by offering some sort of reward.
F. Instead, use TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is completed.
G. Finally, spend time with your kids when they’re studying.
Article writing has been a way of conveying information through the web. If you’ re a writer, being able to let them stay on your article for more than two seconds is already a success. Your writing style can create more readers for your content if you know how to catch the attention of readers.
Be Direct-to-the-Point
Website writing differs from print writing. People do not want to spend much time on a website because they want to get the information they need.
Be Informative
Articles for web content are briefly written. They flesh out the information without decorations. Be sure that your articles are not confusingly worded. Make sure you organize your facts logically so that your reader can effectively process them.
Be ConversationalBe conversational so that readers can grasp what you mean in your article. With quality content, engage your readers so that your article will have that personal and human touch.
Be Connected
Most article writers just place sentences that state a certain fact to form a paragraph. However, in readers’ hopes, these writers fail to establish a human connection. So it is important to make the connection smooth and not abrupt.
| A．Stay away from decorations when writing online content. |
| B．Most readers like to read articles that“speak”to them. |
| C．Connection will allow the readers’ minds to effectively process what is written. |
| D．Get to your point directly so that your readers can process the information. |
E. Here are some important points to consider before writing online.
F. Article writing is a fun way of establishing a connection with a reader and a writer.
G. Complex sentences tend to wrongly lead your reader and make them confused.
Britain’s high streets are dying slowly
Twenty years ago, the prosperous high street(繁华商业区) was the heart of most cities. It was crowded with customers. ____ Nowadays, high streets are declining, with very few shops and shoppers. With about 14 shops down every day, Britain’s high streets are dying little by little.
____ It’s fairly easy to understand. To start with, people are spending less because of the economic recession(衰退). On top of that, more and more people are using the Internet to do their shopping. And it is not easy for shopkeepers in the high streets, either. __
__ Finally, there are the out-of-town retail parks with free car parking that sell just about everything at very low prices.
What can be done? Prime Minister David Cameron has hired Mary Portas, a British business woman and star of TV show Mary Queen of Shops, to bring some life back into Britain’s high streets. She's talked about creating “magnets(磁石)” to attract people back to the centre. ______ In one town, a bicycle rickshaw(人力车) service is delivering people's shopping to their homes. __
__, where children can be cared for while parents are shopping.
Members of the public have also voiced their opinions. “My ideal shopping center is one where there’s a wide selection of attractive looking shops, with cheap parking and good public transport links,” said a 28-year-old man. “I’d like to see Night Shopping evenings where shops are open through to 10 pm or later,” said a 22-year-old girl.
| A．They have to pay increasing high rents. |
| B．But he is not the only one to solve the problem. |
| C．But that’s all changed. |
| D．In another town, they set up a nursery, |
E. In another town, they set up night shopping centers,
F. They can make a fortune overnight.
G. Why are high streets in such a desperate situation?
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
Empathy （共鸣）
Last year, researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy, the ability to understand other people, among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years. ____ Today, people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs.
Jennifer Freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation. Turn on the TV, and you’re showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating one another with no respect. ____
There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples. Humans are socially related by nature. ____ Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear.
Empathy is also an indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. ____ “Academics are important. But if you don’t have emotional (情感的) intelligence, you won’t be as successful in work or in your love life,” she says.
What’s the best way to up your EQ (情商）? For starters, let down your guard and really listen to others. ____
To really develop empathy, you’d better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team that has a diverse membership, have a “sharing circle” with your family, or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter.
Everyone is different, and levels of empathy differ from person to person.
That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time, the researchers said.
“One doesn’t develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,” Freed says.
Humans learn by example—and most of the examples on it are anything but empathetic.
Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone else—both what they think and how they feel.
Good social skills—including empathy—are a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will help you succeed in many areas of life.
G．Having relationships with other people is an important part of being human—and having empathy is decisive to those relationships.
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