初中英语说明文试题

Once there was a king and his daughter． The king asked his daughter how much she loved him． She said that she loved him as much as the loved（1） 　　． Her answer made the king very happy． Salt is simple thing， （2） 　　it is very important． So the king thought his daughter cared a lot about him．

Salt has many（3） 　　． Our bodies need salt． If we don't have enough， our bodies can't work properly． We put salt on icy roads to make them（4） 　　． We also use salt to produce other products， like paper and glass． But for many years， salt's most important job was to（5） 　　food． Like other living things， most bacteria（细菌） need water to live． Salt takes in plenty of water， so most bacteria（细菌） can not live（6） 　　a salty environment． As a result， salt protects food and many other things． For much of human history， this ability has made salt（7） 　　．Every ancient culture from Egypt to China depended on salt． Even today， the hard﹣working ，useful people are（8） 　　as "the salt of the earth"．

For centuries， salt was also hard to （9） 　　． Its usefulness， together with rarity（稀有） made it very expensive． Salt could even be used like（10） 　　． In fact， the word salary （薪水） comes from the word salt．

Today， salt is used more widely and it still plays an important role in our life．

（1）A． salt	B． air	C． gold	D． sugar
（2）A． or	B． so	C． and	D． but
（3）A． forms	B． secrets	C． uses	D． skills
（4）A． wide	B． safe	C． smooth	D． thick
（5）A． protect	B． provide	C． produce	D． prepare
（6）A． in	B． outside	C． for	D． without
（7）A． hopeful	B． comfortable	C．valuable	D． successful
（8）A． saved	B． dreamed	C． invited	D． described
（9）A． sell	B． get	C． take	D． keep
（10）． money	B． medicine	C． earth	D． food

Students learn their lessons in class． They sit in the classroom listening to their teachers． This is a way of （1）　　． Is this the only way for students to learn？ Of course not． There is another （2）　　to learn．

    Students can teach themselves． For example， if you can't remember （3）　　when you are doing your homework， what will you do？ You can look up your book to find the answer． Then， how to teach yourself？ The first thing you must do is （4）　　． Read something you are interested in，（5）　　you have to read． The second is that you must ask yourself questions． A clever student is usually （6）　　asking questions． The third is to answer the questions yourself． These are the ways of teaching yourself． If you （7）　　doing like these for a long time， you are sure to have great progress in your study．

（1）A． thinking	B． learning	C．working
（2）A． plan	B． skill	C．way
（3）A．anything	B．something	C．nothing
（4）A． listening	B．reading	C．writing
（5）A． or	B．and	C．but
（6）A．afraid of	B．sure of	C．good at
（7）A． remember	B．practice	C．love

Everyone has hobbies．Hobbies（1）　　us a lot of happiness． For most of us， the activities we like to do are common and easy． However， there are（2）　　people who like to take risks．（3）　　are more interested in doing dangerous sports， such as snowboarding， diving（潜水）and rock climbing．

    Many people enjoy（4）　　．You can do it indoors on special walls or outdoors on real mountains．There are many advantages to rock climbing﹣it is fun and it also helps people（5）　_　 their worries，

    The most important tool to have is good shoes．They need to be half a size smaller than your usual（6）　　． The next thing you need is a harness（保护带）． This allows you to move freely，（7）　　 it will hold you up if you fall． It's important to know how to use your tools． If you are a beginner， it's best to have lessons． A climber with experience can help you a lot（8）　　 you are learning to climb．

    Rock climbing is very exciting for people of different ages．Climbers，however，must be careful not（9）　　the environment．Sometimes rock climbers leave rubbish on the mountains which they climb． They should take it（10）　　 them and throw it away．This will let future climbers enjoy a clean environment．

（1）A． take	B． bring	C． provide	D． have
（2）A． other	B． the other	C． another	D．every
（3）A． We	B． You	C． All	D． They
（4）A． snowboarding	B． diving	C． rock climbing	D． swimming
（5）A． remember	B． forget	C． solve	D． keep
（6）A． size	B． shape	C． color	D． kind
（7）A． and	B． but	C． so	D． or
（8）A． before	B． when	C． after	D． until
（9）A． to protect	B． to produce	C． to pollute	D． to save
（10）A． along	B． to	C． for	D． with

As a new teacher at Dull Primary School in Denver， Kyle Schwartz thought of a simple way to get to know her third graders， most of whom came from（1）　　families． She asked them to complete the note， "I wish my teacher knew…" and share something about themselves．

Their honest answers gave the teacher a chance to understand her students' difficulties． "I wish my teacher knew I have no pencils to do my homework，" （2）　　one child． "I wish my teacher knew sometimes my reading homework is not signed， because my mom is not free a lot，" wrote another． Some showed hope for the（3）　　， "I wish my teacher knew that I want to go to college．"

"Some notes are really heartbreaking．" Schwartz tells ABC News． "I care （4）　　about each of my students and I don't want them to be poor forever．" She explains， "I hoped to know （5）　　I could better support them． So I（6）　　to let them tell me what I needed to know． That was why I created the fill﹣in﹣the﹣blank exercise．"

（7）　　the third graders were allowed to answer anonymously（匿名）， most wanted to include names． And some were even excited to read their notes out loud， （8）　　one shy girl who bravely said that she was lonely． "After she told the class， 'I don't have friends to（9）　　me，' I was worried what they would do，" Schwartz tells US Weekly． "However， I felt encouraged to see how much support the other kids offered her． They invited her to play at break and sit with them at lunch． You see， children have an unusual ability to show empathy（同情）．"

"The results have been （10）　　，" says Schwartz． "It speaks to the importance of giving people a voice and really listening to them．"

（1）A．traditional	B．friendly	C．poor	D．small
（2）A．suggested	B．copied	C．repeated	D．wrote
（3）A．society	B．course	C．research	D．future
（4）A．secretly	B．deeply	C．nervously	D．directly
（5）A．where	B．why	C．how	D．when
（6）A．decided	B．refused	C．forgot	D．learned
（7）A．Unless	B．Though	C．Because	D．Before
（8）A．like	B．form	C．against	D．except
（9）A．look for	B．talk about	C．depend on	D．play with
（10）A．boring	B．surprising	C．worrying	D．relaxing

The lion dance is part of traditional Chinese culture.People often perform in the night before the Chinese New Year.They （1） 　 　perform it for other happy occasions.People think the lion dance can（2） 　 　good luck and success.

There are many different stories （3） 　 　 how the lion dance began.One of them is like this：Hundreds of years ago，a monster called Nian came to a village in China.The villagers were（4） 　 　 .A lion chased Nian away.A year later，Nian came back again，but this time the lion couldn't（5） 　 　 .So the villagers made a "lion" by themselves.Their "lion"danced，jumped and chased Nian away.For this （6） 　 　 ，people began to perform the lion dance before the Spring Festival to chase bad luck away.

There are （7） 　 　different kinds of lion dances.In the southern lion dance，the dancers （8） 　 　hard to perform like a real lion.Their "lion" may shake its body.The dance can be funny.The（9） 　 　kind is the northern lion dance.It has more martial art skills like rolling，leaping and jumping.Both kinds are very interesting to watch，but it takes a lot of

（10） 　 　to perform well.

（1）A.still	B.also	C.almost	D.just
（2）A.bring	B.leave	C.find	D.keep
（3）A.in	B.wit	C.about	D.over
（4）A.excited	B.bored	C.relaxed	D.scared
（5）A.help	B.agree	C.visit	D.refuse
（6）A.story	B.reason	C.event	D.mistake
（7）A .two	B.three	C.four	D.five
（8）A.watch	B.fight	C.catch	D.try
（9）A.other	B.same	C.only	D.simple
（10）A.luck	B.advice	C.practice	D.hope

Today， we are living a rapid life． We always try to get things done （31）　　． On weekdays， we are busy （32）　　or working． One of the （33）　　is that we don't have enough exercise． We all know August 8th is National Fitness Day． If we exercise for one hour a day， we will work healthily for 50years and live a happy life forever．

Scientists have found that people who often exercise are （34）　　　than those who don't， whether they do it indoors or outdoors． According to a survey， students can learn better and feel less stressed when they have more （35）　　to play sports at school． Many young women enjoy doing yoga（瑜伽） or dancing to relax and stay（36）　　 In some housewives' opinion， doing housework is a good way to burn calories（卡路里）．It can keep them （37）　B　while getting their house in order． To be strong and full of （38）　 ， some men like running， riding bicycles or playing ball games．

You will be healthy both in the（39）　　and mind by doing exercise． This weekend， don't make any plans， just get up early and start （40）　　．

31． A． quickly	B． slowly	C． loudly
32． A． playing	B． sleeping	C． studying
33． A． differences	B． problems	C． trouble
34． A． more dangerous	B． more natural	C． healthier
35． A． time	B． money	C． food
36． A． heavy	B． thin	C． tall
37． A． jumping	B． moving	C． eating
38． A． energy	B． safety	C． suggestions
39． A． tooth	B． head	C． body
40． A． exercising	B． offering	C． waiting

For thousands of years， people farmed the land． They grew fruits and vegetables． They hunted and fished for meat． They（1）　　 cloth， dyes（染料） and paper from plants． They used stone and metal for weapons and tools．

    People progressed to making machines powered（2）　　 water and steam（蒸汽）， and even later， by coal， oil， and petrol． Large cities were built． Factories（3）　　 of machines created jobs in the cities for thousands of people． The Industrial Revolution（工业革命） changed the lives of many people because， for the first time， more people lived in cities than on（4）　　．

    Companies built power plants（工厂） to make（5）　　 to run the machines， factories and cities．

    People did not realize these activities were（6）　　 the Earth． They didn't realize bow（7）　　 oil，gas，coal and minerals were being used up．

    （8）　　 cities grew bigger and spread across the land，plants and animals began to disappear． Their nature homes were destroyed（破坏） as people moved into new places．

    As time passed， people began to（9）　　 the need to protect the Earth and its natural resources（资源）． They saw that plants and animals needed protection， so they wouldn't disappear forever． People joined together to tell（10）　　 around the world to conserve（节约） our natural resources and care for the Earth． And so． Earth Day was born． Each year， more and more people take part in Earth Day． What can you do to help？

（1）A． separated	B． washed	C． made	D． mixed
（2）A． as	B． for	C． with	D． by
（3）A． full	B． proud	C． sick	D． short
（4）A． mountains	B． rivers	C． grasslands	D． farms
（5）A． metal	B． water	C． electricity	D． oil
（6）A． helping	B． harming	C． wasting	D． losing
（7）A． clearly	B． hardly	C． quickly	D． slowly
（8）A． Before	B． If	C． As	D． Though
（9）A． forget	B． see	C． remember	D． get
（10）A． them	B． other	C． another	D． others

先通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案．

We all think eating fruits means just buying fruits，cutting them and putting them into our（1）　　．It's not as easy as you think．It's important to know（2）　　 and when to eat．

    Fruit should be eaten on an empty stomach．If you eat fruit like that，it will go straight（3）　　 the stomach into the Intestines（肠道）．It will be good to your health and provide you with plenty of（4）　　 for life activities．Fruit is the most important（5）　　．

    But when you eat two pieces of bread and then some fruit，it is（6）　　 from doing so．Do you know the reason？

    You have probably heard people saying﹣every time I eat watermelon I burp（打嗝），when I eat a banana I feel like（7）　　 to the toilet．When the fruit（8）　　 with other food，it produces gas（气体）．That's why you will feel uncomfortable．Actually，we will not（9）　　 if you eat the fruit on an empty stomach．

    Eating a whole fruit is better than drinking the juice．When you（10）　　 want to drink fruit juice，drink only（11）　　 fruit juice，NOT from the bottles or cans．Don't drink juice that has been（12）　　 up．Don't eat cooked fruits because you don't get the nutrients（营养成分）at all．You only get the（13）　　．

    If you have mastered the（14）　　 way of eating fruits，you have the（15）　　 of beauty，health，energy，happiness and a long life．Dark circles under the eyes will not appear．

（1）A．tables	B．plates	C．mouths	D．boxes
（2）A．how	B．what	C．where	D．who
（3）A．past	B．between	C．among	D．through
（4）A．experience	B．energy	C．pleasure	D．spirit
（5）A．course	B．discovery	C．food	D．direction
（6）A．prevented	B．protected	C．prepared	D．practiced
（7）A．returning	B．running	C．relaxing	D．staying
（8）A．fixes	B．fills	C．mixes	D．joins
（9）A．check	B．spread	C．arrive	D．happen
（10）A．totally	B．hardly	C．clearly	D．really
（11）A．expensive	B．colorful	C．fresh	D．medium
（12）A．burned	B．heated	C．set	D．kept
（13）A．taste	B．weight	C．shape	D．sugar
（14）A．successful	B．correct	C．opposite	D．special
（15）A．request	B．secret	C．style	D．point

Anger（愤怒） is a kind of feeling．（66） 　 B 　When your teacher gives you too much homework，when your team loses an important game，when a friend borrows your favourite thing and then breaks it， you may get angry．

（67） 　 G 　．For example，you breathe（呼吸）faster．Your face turns red，and may want to break something or hit someone．But sometimes you may keep it inside．If you do it like this，the result is that you will face a greater danger of getting a headache or your stomach may hurt．So it's healthy for you to let your anger out sometimes．（68） 　 F 　And you will find the problems you're facing are not serious as you expect．

There are a lot you can do when you get angry．You can ask for help from others．You can talk about it with adults， such as parents，teachers and so on．Also，you can do the following things by

yourself．count from 1to 100； give someone a hug； go for a bike ride．Another good way to deal with anger is to find something humorous in the situation that has made you angry．（69） 　 D 　．

So remember that when you are angry，how you act can make everything better or worse．（70） 　 A 　Be sure that you can control it!

根据短文内容，从下列七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将具字母标号涂黑

A．	Don't let your anger control you．
B．	Many hings can make you angry．
C．	A humorous person is popular with others．
D．	Making yourself laugh is much healthier than getting angry．
E．	Maybe you get angry more often or more easily than other kids．
F．	After doing that，you will find those bad feelings start to go away．
G．	It is easy to find something wrong with your body when you become angry．

阅读下面短文，从短文后各小题所给的A、BC三个选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项．

     Nowadays， many people drive their cars to work．There are a lot of cars in the street and the （1）　　is very busy．So sometimes （2）　　is not easy for people to get to work on time． When you are going to be late， you only dream of taking a plane there．Can your dream（3）　　？

Yes! You can take a plane only in months!

     Four engineers in Germany are（4）　　in making planes． They are making a new plane﹣Lilium jet． It doesn't look like a plane （5）　　an egg． Many people think it looks funny and interesting． The great"egg"can take two people to the sky and （6）　　three hundred kilometres in one hour． That's really great．

     Some people call Lilium jet"a flying car"． Why？ Firstly， it's not difficult for people to learn to drive it． People can drive it just like driving a car． But it can go （7）　　and farther than a car． Secondly， Lilium jet is not very big， only a quarter of a plane． So it doesn't need an airport． Only a small place is OK． It can stop（8）　　． In the future， the"flying car"will come into people's life and （9）　　our ways of trip．

     Lilium jet will come on the market soon． （10）　　you want to make your trip easy and funny， why not buy one？ I'm sure you will have a good time on it．

（1）A． traffic	B． sky	C．train
（2）A． this	B． that	C． it
（3）A． come on	B． come back	C． come true
（4）A．bored	B．interested	C． disappointed
（5）A． but	B． and	C．so
（6）A． walk	B．swim	C．fly
（7）A． slower	B．faster	C．earlier
（8）A．where	B．nowhere	C．everywhere
（9）A． change	B． find	C．lose
（10）A．Unless	B． If	C．Whether

Every day in newspapers and magazines there are articles telling us we should exercise more.

    And scientists now say that（1）　 　is one of the best way to keep fit.It can make you feel better and look better.Some say it can even make you live（2）　 　.

    All you need for naming，some comfortable clothes and a pair of sports shoes.You don't need to buy special clothes（3）　 　you should get a good pair of sports shoes.And remember一you should always buy shoes for running one size larger than your（4）　 　shoes.

    Some people find running boring，so，cycling or swimming instead once in a while.Also，you shouldn't exercise every day.It's very important to（5）　 　two or three times a week.You should eat well and drink lots of water but you can still have nice things like chocolate（6）　 　.Do some leg exercises every week as well，because this makes you stronger and helps you run better.

    If you're a beginner，there are lots of ways to make exercise fun.You can join a club or you can exercise with a friend.Another idea is to run in a race.This can give you a（n）（7）　 　to train and keep you interested in running.

（1）A.running	B.swimming	C.cycling
（2）A.long	B.longer	C.longest
（3）A.and	B.or	C.but
（4）A.usual	B.clean	C.different
（5）A.play	B.rest	C.work
（6）A.never	B.often	C.sometimes
（7）A.reason	B.excuse	C.method

Little Women is Louisa May Alcott's most famous novel.The novel follows the（1） 　 　of the four March sisters - Meg，Jo，Beth and Amy - and is based on the writer's own（2） 　　of growing up with her three sisters during the American Civil War （1861﹣1865）.

The main theme in the story is the importance of（3） 　　.Other themes include the need to work and self﹣improvement.

When the story begins the sisters are complaining because they are（4） 　　and have to work.Their mother says that they mustn't spend money on pleasure（5） 　 　there is a war and everybody must help.Their father is in the army.In the letters their father sends home he tells his daughters to work hard and not to waste their time.They must try to（6） 　　the bad things in their lives and stay cheerful.He wants to be proud of them when he comes home.The girls decide to make an effort to（7） 　　themselves because they love and miss their father very much.

Alcott was interested in women's rights and，through the four March sisters，she explored （探索）four different（8） 　 　 of being a woman in those days.Meg leaves the family to get（9） 　　 and have a new family.Beth devotes （致力于）herself to（10） 　　 her own family.Amy focuses on herself and her own pleasure.And Jo，like Alcott herself，tries to have a career in writing and care for her family at the same time.

（1）A.rules	B.lives	C.secrets
（2）A.experiences	B.expressions	C.directions
（3）A.friendship	B.work	C.family
（4）A.poor	B.rich	C.clever
（5）A.so	B.because	C.if
（6）A.sell	B.find	C.accept
（7）A.improve	B.serve	C.imagine
（8）A.maps	B.ways	C.circles
（9）A.dressed	B.lost	C.married
（10）A.looking after	B.looking for	C.asking for

What makes us ill？It is the germs（细菌）.（1）　　are everywhere.The are very（2）　 　.You can't find them with your eyes，but you can see them（3）　　a microscope（显微镜）.There could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.

    Germs are always found in（4）　　water.When we look at dirty water under the microscope，we shall see（5）　　.So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.

    Germs are found not only in（6）　　.They are found（7）　 　in air and dust（灰尘）.When you（8）　　your finger，if some dust from the floor goes into the cut，some germs would go into your finger.Then you will have much pain in it.Sometimes germs would go into all of your body，and you would have pain everywhere.

（1）A.Germs	B.Books	C.Gardens
（2）A.big	B.small	C.long
（3）A.with	B.to	C.of
（4）A.clean	B.tidy	C.dirty
（5）A.them	B.him	C.they
（6）A.food	B.drink	C.water
（7）A.neither	B.also	C.too
（8）A.cut	B.check	C.make

A famous designer（设计师） and a university student produce a new cup called Vessyl．They have spent several years （1）　　it．The smart cup can not only tell Coca Cola from Pepsi Cola，（2）　　also tell people whether they should drink water or not．

    When people（3）　　liquid（液体） into this smart cup，a few seconds（秒） later，it can check this kind of liquid and tell them what it is．Then it gives（4）　information of the drink，such as sugar，fat and calorie．When people put the cup in their （5）　　，it can also show them the condition of their bodies．If they are （6）　　．Vessyl can tell them to drink water．

    "My partner and I want people to （7）　　 healthy．In modern society，people are usually （8）　　 busy to do exercise，or even drink enough water every day．They have much （9）　　．We produce this smart cup so that people can make a choice （10）　　．"the designer said．

（1）A．in	B．on	C．at	D．of
（2）A．and	B．though	C．nor	D．but
（3）A．pour	B．pull	C．lift	D．regard
（4）A．a few	B．a lot	C．lots of	D．many
（5）A．desks	B．hands	C．bags	D．mouths
（6）A．full	B．hungry	C．thirsty	D．awful
（7）A．carry	B．have	C．touch	D．keep
（8）A．too	B．to	C．so	D．very
（9）A．danger	B．pressure	C．power	D．laughter
（10）A．quietly	B．hardly	C．wisely	D．recently

    Everyone knows that second﹣hand smoke is as dangerous as first﹣hand

smoke． But have you （ 1）h　　 of "third﹣hand" smoke？Third﹣hand smoke means the pollution left on the surfaces （表面） of things around， （2）l　　 furniture or clothes． When someone smokes in a room， poisonous particles（粒子） in tobacco （烟草） smoke land on the surfaces of the furniture or his clothes， even after the cigarette （香烟） has been put out． This can cause a great danger to your family， （3）e　　younger children．

     Babies have only just learned to walk． They are more likely to be harmed by third﹣hand smoke． This is（4）b　　 they are often close to surfaces of things． such as floors， walls and furniture where tobacco particles remain． When they （5）t　　 these surfaces， they get their hands polluted．

     So， it is necessary and important to say （6）n　　 to third﹣hand smoke． To achieve this， strict （ 7 ） r　　 for forbidding （禁止） smoking inside homes should be carried out． If one of your family members smokes， please make sure he smokes （8）o　　 the house． Get him a special jacket and hat， so once he （9）f　　 smoking， he will take them off before getting inside the house． Moreover， make sure that a smoker washes his hands and face， and changes his clothes before picking up the baby．

     Many times， you cannot see the smoke doing harm to your child， but it doesn't mean he or she is （10）s　　"． Give up smoking， or if that is not possible， make sure that your loved ones， far away from third﹣hand smoke．