Not long ago, people thought babies were not able to learn things until they were five or six months old. Yet doctors in the United States say babies begin learning on their first day of life.
Scientists note that babies are strongly influenced by their environment. They say a baby will smile if her mother does something the baby likes. A baby learns to get the best care possible by smiling to please her mother or other caregivers. This is how babies learn to connect and communicate with other human beings.
One study shows that babies can learn before they are born. The researchers placed a tape recorder on the stomach of a pregnant woman. Then, they played a recording of a short story. On the day the baby was born, the researchers attempted to find if he knew the sounds of the story repeated while in his mother. They did this by placing a device in the mouth of the newborn baby.
The baby would hear the story if he moved his mouth one way. If the baby moved his mouth the other way, he would hear a different story. The researchers say the baby clearly liked the story he heard before he was born. They say the baby would move his mouth so he could hear the story again and again.
Another study shows how mothers can strongly influence social development and language skills in their children.
Researchers studied the children from the age of one month to three years. The researchers attempted to measure the sensitivity of the mothers. The women were considered sensitive if they supported their children’s activities and did not interfere (干涉) unnecessarily. They tested the children for thinking and language development when they were three years old. Also, the researchers observed the women for signs of depression (消沉).
The children of depressed women did not do as well in tests as the children of women who did not suffer from depression. The children of depressed women did poorly in tests of language skills and understanding what they hear.
These children also were less cooperative and had more problems dealing with other people. The researchers noted that the sensitivity of the mothers was important to the intelligence development of their children. Children did better when their mothers were caring, even when they suffered from depression.
| A．The environment. | B．Mother’s sensitivity. |
| C．Education before birth. | D．Their peers (同龄人) |
| A．To prove that babies can learn on the first day they are born. |
| B．To prove that babies can learn before they are born. |
| C．To show mothers can strongly influence intelligence development in their babies. |
| D．To indicate early education has a deep effect on the babies’ language skills. |
| A．The children of women who did not suffer from depression. |
| B．The children of depressed but caring mothers. |
| C．The children of depressed mothers who cared little for their children. |
| D．The children with high communication abilities. |
| A．Scientific findings about how intelligence develops in babies. |
| B．Scientific findings about how the environment has an effect on babies’ intelligence. |
| C．A study shows babies are not able to learn things until they are five or six months old. |
| D．Scientific findings about how babies develop before birth. |
Do you know what the White House is? Perhaps some of you do, while others don’t.
The White House is a house in Washington. The president of the U.S.A. lives in it. It's really white. But do you know why the White House is white? The story happened in 1812. That year England was at war with America. The British army got to Washington and set the president's house on fire. In 1814，in order to hide the marks of the fire，the stone walls of the president's house were painted white and it has been the “White House” ever since.White House is a house for ___________.
A. the American people. B. the soldiers of U.S.A.
C. the presidents of U.S.A. D. the patients of U.S.A.England fought with America in ____________.
| A．1810 | B．1812 | C．1814 | D．1916 |
The house is called “White House” because ____________.
| A．it's covered with snow |
| B．the house is very clean |
| C．the stone walls of the house were painted white |
| D．they like white color |
The White House was painted white because ____________.
| A．the house is old |
| B．the house is new |
| C．it was once on fire and was with marks |
| D．they have enough paint |
“ever since” means ___________.
| A．never | B．once | C．from then on | D．before |
When you buy a T-shirt, or a fur coat in a store, it often carries a label(标签) telling who made it or from what store it was bought.
Indeed, some labels show the dress is famous and it is very expensive, so buyers secretly wish they might be carried forever. On the other hand, buyers who deal with the cheapest products(产品) would be pleased to do away with labels completely.
However, there is another label more important than the one showing from which store the dress was bought. When a person buys a fur coat, or a jacket, from a store, a label telling what the product is made of should be carried to it.
According to the law, this label must be carried. Besides telling what the product on show is made of, the label should be in clear English and be where one can find it easily. The information on the label must be true.
The reason for this label is that most buyers today don’t know exactly(确切地) what kind of fur or material they are buying. The buyer must believe in the store that sells the products or in what the labels say. The law says that furs must carry a __________.
| A．clean label | B．clear label | C．white label | D．secret label |
This article is mainly about _______.
| A．making furs and clothes |
| B．protecting buyers with law |
| C．keeping the buyer understood |
| D．businessmen and sellers |
The writer doesn’t agree that ________.
| A．labels are not true |
| B．clothing stores sell cheap dresses |
| C．all the products have labels. |
| D．buyers buy the clothes with labels |
Which of the following is TRUE?
| A．A T-shirt seldom carries a label. |
| B．A fur coat with a high price often carries a false label. |
| C．A label only says what material the product is made of. |
| D．Not all buyers know the material they are buying. |
Junior school students in Harbin，Heilongjiang，had a "long weekend"．They had four days off from Oct．19-22．It was not for any festival，but was caused by serious smog．
The smog was caused by high levels of PM 2．5 in the air．
PM 2．5 is small particles（微粒） of pollution in the air with a diameter （直径） of 2．5 micrometers or less．Waste gas from cars and factories is the biggest cause of PM 2．5 pollution． On Oct．17，the World Health Organization named air pollution a cause of cancer．
To better protect children，cities are taking action．
On Oct．21，Harbin Education Bureau decided to close primary and junior high schools for two days．
Beijing started a program on Oct．22 which has a warning system with four levels．The red warning is the highest warning level．It means that the next three days will see serious pollution．
When a red warning is issued（发布），schools will close．
If there's pollution that's not as serious，the Beijing Commission of Education will ask schools to stop PE classes and outdoor activities．
How will students be informed?
"First，the Commission of Education will inform schools online，" Ye Yan，head of Beijing Shijingshanqu Experimental Primary School，told Beijing Times．"Then teachers will text students’ parents．"
Will the days off affect the study plan?
"Missing school days will be made up during the summer or winter vacations，" said Wang Hao，a physical education teacher in Beijing Chaoyang district．
For students in Harbin who had the long weekend，they would go to school on the next two Saturdays．
根据材料内容选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Why did students in Harbin have a long weekend?
| A．Because the weather was extremely cold． |
| B．Because a special festival came． |
| C．Because the winter vacation began． |
| D．Because there happened serious smog． |
Which of the following is TRUE about PM 2．5?
| A．It makes water polluted． |
| B．People can see it with eyes． |
| C．It only comes from factories． |
| D．It can cause serious diseases． |
When a red warning is issued in Beijing，what will happen?
| A．All of the work will be stopped． |
| B．People aren't allowed to go outside． |
| C．Schools will be closed for a few days． |
| D．Air pollution will be seen in a few weeks． |
What does the underlined word "text" mean in Chinese?
| A．写信 | B．发信息 | C．写文章 | D．发邮件 |
What is the reading mainly about?
| A．What PM 2．5 is made up of． |
| B．How people fight against air pollution． |
| C．What influence the smog brings to school． |
| D．How schools deal with the missing school days． |
综合阅读（共二节，计30分）
阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下面四位生活在中国的朋友在QQ群中的聊天记录，选择最佳选项。
Mary 8:45:10am
Hi! Nice to meet you!
Jim 8:45:15am
Hi! Nice to meet you, too!
Mary 8:46:08am
I’m a girl. My name is Mary Green. My favorite (最喜爱的) color is red. My telephone number is 873-3516.
Jim 8:46:36am
I’m a boy. My name’s Jim Hand. My favorite color is blue. And my phone number is 894-2015.
Mike 8:46:40am
Hello! I’m a boy. I’m Mike Miller. I like (喜欢) green. My phone number is 740-8899.
Sally 8:46:43am
Hi, I’m a girl. I’m Sally Black. Black is my favorite color. My phone number is 388-9654.
| A．Mary | B．Jim | C．Mike | D．Sally |
| A．Mary’s | B．Jim’s |
| C．Mike’s | D．Sally’s |
| A．red | B．blue | C．green | D．black |
| A．837-3516 | B．894-2015 |
| C．740-8899 | D．388-9654 |
| A．in the morning | B．in the afternoon |
| C．in the evening | D．at night (夜晚) |
Imagine the situation. You are driving in a village or on a mountain. You have no idea where you are. You passed the last house two hours ago. Then your car doesn’t work. It is night and it is cold. You have no mobile phone. What do you do? Well, next time take a GPS with you. This invention may be able to help you. It is used for finding your position(位置) with the help of satellites (卫星). A GPS can’t start your car, but at least you will know where you are.
GPS, which means Global Positioning System(全球定位系统), is a small radio receiver. It looks like a mobile phone. You can hold it in your hand, or put in your pocket. It is sometimes put into a watch or a telephone. We also find a GPS in cars, planes, or boats. Some of them have electronic maps, so you know where you are. For example, in a city they can tell you the name of the street.
There are three parts to GPS. The first part is the receiver. You can hold it in your hand, or have it fixed into your car, plane, etc. The second part is a group of satellites going around the Earth. The receiver communicates with at least four of the satellites and calculates its position. The third part of the system is a network of ground stations all over the world. They control (控制) the satellites and make sure they are working well.
Some people think that in the future the GPS will be as common as the mobile. They are becoming better and cheaper. There are also new uses for the GPS. Perhaps they will become like watches. Everyone will have one and you will never be lost again.
| A．can’t be lost in a new city |
| B．can’t find their way in different countries |
| C．can learn about the culture of an unknown place |
| D．can spend the least time getting to another place |
| A．there are three parts to the GPS |
| B．a GPS can’t be put into a watch |
| C．a GPS can help you start your car |
| D．the GPS are becoming more and more expensive |
| A．Receivers | B．GPS | C．Satellites | D．Ground stations |
| A．All GPS devices have electronic maps. |
| B．People in many countries will use the GPS for free. |
| C．The receiver of the GPS communicates with at least five of the satellites. |
| D．The GPS will become more and more common in everyday life. |
Tiger and horse performance
You can see the terrible tigers and gentle horses at Fuzhou Zoo. Keep away from the tigers . Sometimes they aren’t friendly enough .You can ride the horse and take photos .
Time :Feb .1—Feb .3 Tel : 87324568
Adult : 60￥ Child : 30￥
Bear and lion performance
You can see fat black bears and scary 可怕的 lions at Chengdu Zoo. They will perform many activities. If you are not brave enough , you shouldn’t come to see them . (children under 6 aren’t allowed to come )
Time ；Feb。2_----Feb . 5 Tel : 85897043
Adult : ￥50 Child :￥25
Dolphin performance
You can see lovely dolphins at Dalian Zoo . The dolphins will jump out of the water and give you a performance . If you can swim , you are also allowed to come into the water and play with them with the help of the trainers .
Time : Feb .4____Feb.8 Tel: 83126094
Adult :￥80 Child :￥4o
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。If you are travelling in Dalian , you can see the _______-
| A．tiger performance | B．bear performance |
| C．dolphin performance | D． lion performance |
The last day for seeing the horse performance at Fuzhou Zoo is ___,
| A． Feb.1 | B．Feb .3 | C．Feb. 5 | D．Feb. 8 |
Meimei wants to be a trainer of lions , so she can go to _____Zoo to experience .
| A．Fuzhou | B．Dalian | C．Chengdu | D．Beijing |
If the 8-year-old twins go to see the tiger performance with their mother , they should pay ________。
| A．￥120 | B．￥140 | C．￥160 | D．￥200 |
Which of the following is NOT true ?
| A．The price of the bear and lion performance is the lowest of the three, |
| B．If you want to know about African animals ,you can go to Chengdu zoo. |
| C．Wang Hua can see three kinds of animal performance on Feb.7. |
| D．TOM is three years old , so he can’t go to see the tiger and horse performance . |
Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated (附属) islands, which consist of(由…组成)Diaoyu Dao, Huangwei Yu, Chiwei Yu, Nanxiao Dao, Beixiao Dao, Nan Yu, Bei Yu, Fei Yu and other islands, are in the northeast of China’s Taiwan Island, in the waters between 123°20’-124°40’E (东经) and 25°40’-26°00’N (北纬). They belong to the Taiwan Island. The total area of these islands is about 5.69 square kilometers.
Diaoyu Dao, in the western tip of the area, covers an area of about 3.91 square kilometers and is the largest island in the area. The highest part on the island stands 362 meters above the sea level. Huangwei Yu, which is about 27 kilometers to the northeast of Diaoyu Dao, is the second largest island in the area, with a total area of about 0.91 square kilometers and a highest height of 117 meters. Chiwei Yu, about 110 kilometers to the northeast of Diaoyu Dao, is the easternmost island in the area. It covers an area of about 0.065 square kilometers and stands 75 meters above the sea level.
Ancient ancestors (远古祖先) in China first discovered and named Diaoyu Dao through their fishing activities on the sea. In China’s historical books, Diaoyu Dao is also called Diaoyu Yu or Diaoyu Tai. The earliest historical record of the names of Diaoyu Dao, Chiwei Yu and other places can be found in the book Voyage with a Tail Wind published in 1403. It shows that China had already discovered and named Diaoyu Dao by the 14th and 15th centuries.
These historical reports clearly show that Diaoyu Dao and Chiwei Yu belong to China. The sea waters around Diaoyu Dao is traditionally（传统）Chinese fishing ground. Chinese fishermen have been involved in fishing activities in these waters for generations(世代).Where is Diaoyu Dao?
| A．In the northeast of China. | B．25°40’-26°00’E. |
| C．In the northwest of Taiwan Island. | D．123°20’-124°40’E . |
The largest island of Diaoyu Dao is ___________ square kilometers.
| A．5.69 | B．3.91 | C．0.91 | D．0.065 |
The largest island of Diaoyu Dao is _______ meters taller than the second largest one.
| A．75 meters | B．117 meters | C．245 meters | D．362 meters |
How did ancient Chinese people find Diaoyu Island?
| A．They grew up there. |
| B．They wrote historical books there. |
| C．They worked and fished on the sea there. |
| D．They drank water there. |
Which of the following is NOT true?
| A．Diaoyu Dao has more than 8 islands. |
| B．Huangwei Yu is about 110 kilometers to the northeast of Diaoyu Dao. |
| C．China had already named Diaoyu Dao by the 14th and 15th centuries. |
| D．The sea waters around Diaoyu Dao is traditionally Chinese fishing ground. |
Every place offers the possible dangers for getting hurt, even staying at work. We may face dangers like walking into desks or chairs, receiving unexpected cuts from a paper knife and so on. Industrial jobs have similar and more dangers like getting body parts hurt by machines or falling from a height.
No one wants to get hurt. Some accidents are avoidable(可避免的). Most accidents happen because of common things seen every day—an open desk drawer, a chair pulled out too far, water on the floor and so on. We slowly get used to these things we see every day and never think about what they could possibly become in the future.
Think about the following to prevent dangers to yourself and others:
1. If there is something you see and know may become a danger for yourself or others, do something about it. Close a desk drawer, clean up or put a sign over the water, turn off the power before leaving, and so on.
2. Get extra persons’ help and support on a task that is too hard for a single person.
3. Study the situation and think what could possibly happen and change if necessary. Do it before something happens and you won’t have to say some day, “ I should have… How sorry I feel…”
To use an old phrase “ Safety is everyone’s duty.” Looking down on it could lead to being hurt. Keep the rule in mind every day “ Everyone wants to go home in the same condition the came to work in –or better.”
Title:______________ at Work
| There are some dangers like tripping, unexpected |
|
| 1. Most accidents are 2. Get used to |
|
| Safety rules |
1. Turn off the power before you 2. Get extra persons’ help and support if the task is too difficult for you to finish on your 3. Make some |
| Warning |
Safety on the job is |
When you feel sad, tears will come down from your eyes. When you are happy, especially when you laugh hard, tears will also come down from your eyes. But tears have a more important job than showing your feelings.
Tears keep your eyes clean and healthy. They wash away dirt and germs(细菌) just like bath. Your eyes also need tears to keep them wet. And eyes must be wet so that they can move smoothly. Your eyes are busy looking here and there all day long. They move quickly from one thing to another. If you didn’t have tears, your eyes couldn’t move, and soon you would be blind.
Maybe you don’t like tears, but your eyes can’t do without them.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。The story tells us ____.
A. what makes people blind. B. why people have tears. C. what tears are.Tears help you by ____.
A. showing how you feel
B.washing things from your eyes
C.making your eyes bright If your eyes were not wet, you could not____.
A. look at things clearly B. laugh and cry C. keep clean When you are happy or sad, you may ____.
A. wash away dirt and germs.
B. have tears in your eyes.
C. move your eyes quickly.The sentence “your eyes can’t do without them” means ____.
A. your eyes like tears very much
B your eyes can’t work without tears
C. your eyes can’t open without them
The American alligator (短吻鳄) is the largest reptile (爬行动物) in North America. Some of them can be over 5 metres long.
In North America, the bison (野牛) is the largest animal on land. If they are frightened, the American bison will run away and can reach a speed of 52 km per hour.
The white-tailed deer can run up to 58 km per hour. This North American deer can also jump as high as 2.6 metres and jump as far as 9 metres.
There is a frog that barks just like a dog. This barking frog is found in the southwestern part
of the United States. 
The polar bear is a great swimmer and can swim as fast as 10 km per hour using only its front feet. 
The wild turkey nearly died out in the early 1900’s, because people hunted many of them. This wild bird is making a comeback now.
The ________ is the largest animal on land in North America.
| A．polar bear | B．bison |
| C．alligator | D．white-tailed deer |
In the _____ of the United States, there lives a kind of frog that can bark like a dog.
| A．southwest | B．southeast |
| C．northwest | D．northeast |
The polar bear _________.
| A．is good at running |
| B．is good at swimming |
| C．swims with its back legs |
| D．can jump as far as 9 metres |
Which of the following is NOT true?
| A．The alligator is the largest reptile in North America. |
| B．The white-tailed deer can jump as high as 2.6 metres. |
| C．Six kinds of animals are mentioned in the passage. |
| D．The wild turkey died out about 1000 years ago. |
No Car Day was first started by 34 cities in France on September 22, 1998. It was started to protect the environment. By now, more than 1,000 cities around the world have had a No Car Day.
The first No Car Day in China was in Chengdu in 2001. Other cities, including Taipai, Shanghai and Wuhan, also support the day.
In Beijing, more and more people are joining the campaign. It asks drivers to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work. It also calls on Beijingers not to use cars on June 5(World Environment Day). The slogan for the day is, “If we drive for one less day, we can have one more nice day.”
So far, more than 200,000 drivers have shown their support. “We can’t control(控制) the weather, but we can choose not to drive,” said Wu Zonghua, a car club chairman. Beijing is trying to have 238 blue sky days this year. In the first quarter of 2012, Beijing only had 52 blue sky days. This was 11 days less than the number for the same period the year before. Much of the dust comes from the desert, but cars cause most of the air pollution. We must do more for No Car Day.The first No Car Day fell on _______.
| A．February 2nd | B．June 5th |
| C．July 5th | D．September 22nd |
_______ was the first city to have No Car Day in China.
| A．Beijing | B．Chengdu | C．Shanghai | D．Wuhan |
What does the underlined word “slogan” in Paragraph 3 mean?
| A．目的 | B．原因 | C．意义 | D．口号 |
How many blue sky days did Beijing have in the first quarter of 2011?
| A．63. | B．52. | C．41. | D．238. |
Which of the following statements is True?
| A．China is the first country to start No Car Day. |
| B．No Car Day is World Environment Day. |
| C．No Car Day has been supported by over 1,000 cities around the world so far. |
| D．Much of the dust in the air comes from cars. |
You are going to high school, aren’t you? Maybe you don’t know what to do. Well, here’s a list of the top six things to do when you are in high school. These things will give you ideas of what your high school life could be like. Here you go!
①Find your passion* and what kind of person you are: Whether it’s dance, basketball, or drawing, the important thing is that you have found something you are interested in.
②Talk to people you wouldn’t usually talk to: meet new people, find new friends and even talk to people you don’t like. It will show what a great person you are. You never know what will happen after high school.
③Take part in at least one competition: This will give you tears of laughter, happiness and memories.
④Get a job: This will help you see what it’s like to have responsibility*. It can also help you make a little money to spend on yourself.
⑤Take a trip with your friends: It doesn’t matter where you go or what you do, the memories will happen on the way and go on till the final place.
⑥Do your best at school: Don’t ever get lazy; working hard now will help you in the future.
| A．in your high school years |
| B．at the beginning of your high school years |
| C．before your high school begins |
| D．after finishing your high school |
| A．you will feel sorry if not |
| B．it will show how great you are |
| C．it will show how clever you are |
| D．you can make your study better |
| A．Find your interest |
| B．Get a Job |
| C．Take a trip with your friends |
| D．Get lazy |
| A．Have a happy school life |
| B．How to get along with your schoolmates |
| C．Ideas of successful high school life |
| D．Make sure your school life easy |
In Britain, the first day of the month of May is known as May Day. May day marks the end of the harsh(严酷的) winter months, welcomes the beginning of Summer, and optimistically looks forward to the bright and productive months. 
For their ancestors, largely in rural areas, it was a major annual festival and was celebrated(庆祝) through out the country, especially on the first day of May with music, dancing and games.
How was May Day Celebrated in the past?
May Day began early in the morning. People went out before sunrise in order to gather flowers and plants to make their houses and villages beautiful in the belief that the vegetation spirits(神灵) would bring good luck.
A traditional May Day dance is Maypole Dancing，On May Day, people used to cut down young trees and stick them in the ground in the village to mark the arrival of summer.People danced around the tree poles in celebration of the end of winter and the start of the fine weather that would allow planting to begin. Maypoles are still a part of some
village life and on May Day the villagers dance around it.
May Day celebrations have their origins(起源) in the Roman festival of Flora, goddess(女神) of fruit and flowers, which marked the beginning of summer. So the highlight of the day was the crowning(为…加冕) of the May Queen(女皇), the human replica (模型) of Flora. By tradition she took no part in the games or dancing, but sat like a queen in a flower-decked chair to watch her 'subjects'.
Ever since 1978, for the convenience of the general public, many May Day activities have now been moved to the new May Day holiday on the first Monday of the month. This Monday is a bank holiday, a day off school and work. There are more intereting celebrations on this day.In the old days, most people in Britain made their living by .
A. fishing B. farming C. working in factoriesPeople in Britain celebrate May Day is to express their
A. pleasure and hope B. thanks and harvest C. freedom and new lifeBritain’s May Day holiday is on in 2010.
A. May 1st B. May 3rd C. May 5thWhat is not mentioned in this passage?
A. Special food. B. Special custom. C. Special activity.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Only children can take part in the Maypole Dancing.
B. The queen of the UK came to watch her “subjects”.
C. Children needn’t go to school on May Day holiday now.
What did you do on April 23, World Book Day, last year? Did you find some interesting books to read? Now let me introduce some good books for you to read.
| Title: Dear Andreas Author: Long Yingtai＆Andreas  Andreas is a college student studying in Germany. His mother is a writer working in Taiwan. By writing letters to each other for more than three years, Long Yingtai says she clearly understands what an 18-year-old man is like, Andreas says he knows his mother better. This is a great book full of love. Don’t miss it. |
| Title: Climate Change+2 Degrees Author: Yamamoto Ryoichi  If the earth’s temperature went up 2℃, what would happen? In this book we learn about the history, today’s situation and the future of global warming. The author also tells us proper and useful ways to protect our world. |
| Title: The Methods and Madness Inside Room 56 Author: Rafe Esquith  Perhaps the most famous fifth-grade teacher in America, Rafe Esquith, helps his children understand literature, love life, and become happy, self-confident people using his successful methods in his Los Angeles public school classroom. He has created surprising miracles. This is a powerful book. You’d better read it. |
| Title: The Last Lecture Author: Randy Pausch  Randy Pausch, a professor from New York was asked to give a lecture. He knew it would probably be his last lecture, because he was dying of illness. His lecture wasn’t about dying, but about getting over the difficulties, helping others to realize their dreams. |
Who wrote the book The Methods and Madness Inside Room 56?
| A．Rafe Esquith. | B．Yamamoto Ryoichi. |
| C．Randy Pausch. | D．Long Yingtai＆Andreas. |
From the book Climate Change+2 Degrees, we can know ________.
| A．the earth’s temperature will surely go up 2℃ |
| B．the future of different countries in the world |
| C．proper and useful ways to protect our world |
| D．something about the history of global warming |
Andreas and his mother know each other better by ________.
| A．writing letters | B．sending e-mails |
| C．talking on the phone | D．chatting on line |
Which of the following is NOT true in the book The Last Lecture?
| A．The professor is from America. |
| B．The professor was in his poor health. |
| C．The professor talked about getting over the difficulties. |
| D．The professor talked a lot about his illness in his lecture. |
The passage may be taken from ________.
| A．a diary | B．a book advertisement |
| C．a novel | D．a film review |
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