初中英语说明文完型填空

Space suits don't just make astronauts look cool.Without these （1） 　 　suits，astronauts wouldn't be able to leave their spaceship.That is to say，they wouldn't be able to

（2） 　 　on the Moon or work outside the International Space Station.

Space is a （3） 　 　place for human beings.Firstly，there is no air to breathe.Secondly，space also has high levels of radiation（辐射），energy that can pass through our bodies and make us（4） 　 　.Thirdly，some parts of space are really cold （5） 　 　other parts are very hot.So astronauts could die in just a few seconds if they（6） 　 　outside their spaceship without their suits.With a space suit，though，astronauts can move around in space for several hours.

Space suits keep astronauts（7） 　 　 sealed（密封的）inside.A backpack sends O2 in to let astronauts breathe normally.At the same time，the CO ₂ （8） 　 　 astronauts breathe out is sucked away.The suit also protects them from harmful radiation and fast﹣moving space dust. （9） 　 　 the space suit is another suit that looks like a pair of tight pajamas（睡衣）with little pipes running through them.Water runs through these pipes to（10） 　 　 astronauts because wearing a space suit can make astronauts very hot !

（1）A.private	B.special	C.plastic	D.expensive
（2）A.run	B.walk	C.live	D.surf
（3）A.funny	B.natural	C.beautiful	D.dangerous
（4）A.sick	B.bored	C.strong	D.relaxed
（5）A.after	B.since	C.before	D.while
（6）A.rushed	B.jumped	C.stepped	D.escaped
（7）A.safely	B.quickly	C.quietly	D.terribly
（8）A.who	B.this	C.that	D.whether
（9）A.Above	B.Under	C.Behind	D.Between
（10）A.wash away	B.warm up	C.cool off	D.clean out

Many people go to school for an education，They（36） 　　languages and other subjects．Others go to（37） 　 B 　to learn a skill so that they can make a living．（38） 　　no one can learn everything from school．A teacher，no matter（39） 　　he knows，can not teach his students everything they（40） 　　to know．So，much more is to be learned（41） 　　school by the students themselves．It is always（42） 　　to know how to study by oneself than to memorize some formulas（公式）．Formulas are easy to remember but difficult to use in（43） 　　out maths problems．As we all know，great（44） 　　，such as Einstein，Newton and Galileo，didn't learn many things from school．But they were all so successful that they（45） 　　so many things for us．

36．A．dislike	B．speak	C．learn	D．make
37．A．park	B．school	C．home	D．cinema
38．A．Though	B．But	C．If	D．Or
39．A．how often	B．how many	C．how soon	D．how much
40．A．want	B．stop	C．forget	D．fail
41．A．from	B．outside	C．in	D．within
42．A．more important	B．important	C．most important	D．unimportant
43．A．doing	B．getting	C．working	D．taking
44．A．workers	B．scientists	C．doctors	D．students
45．A．remembered	B．celebrated	C．invented	D．shared．

It is a basic ability for humans to tell more from less.Surprisingly，a number of animals（1）　　this ability too.They will（2）　　more of something.Horses，for example，will go for a group of three apples instead of two apples.

    This ability is（3）　 　to animals in lots of ways.It helps them（4）　　the larger group of friends.Many fishes，for example，join groups for（5）　　.If a predator （掠食动物）comes，a fish in a group of 40 is less possible to become lunch than a fish in a group of 10.So if a fish has a choice between two groups，it's safer to join the（6）　 　one.A sense of number even helps keep the（7）　　.For example，a monkey group will avoid fights with other groups when they find their（8）　 　is not an advantage.

    Also，the ability to do simple（9）　　is a sure thing for some animals.They（10）　　the difference between one，two，and three.

    Some others can count much higher than three.

（1）A.have	B.miss	C.doubt	D.hate
（2）A.grow	B.cook	C.pick	D.leave
（3）A.fresh	B.useful	C.correct	D.direct
（4）A.hide	B.beat	C.push	D.find
（5）A.safety	B.holiday	C.discussion	D.exercise
（6）A.faster	B.larger	C.busier	D.quieter
（7）A.secret	B.interest	C.peace	D.record
（8）A.age	B.number	C.time	D.speed
（9）A.counting	B.jumping	C.dancing	D.swimming
（10）A.mix	B.like	C.ask	D.know

Many young people have trouble communicating with their parents． There are some （1） 　  　 to help solve this problem．

First， make a list of the things you and your parents （2） 　  　   about most． With each of these things， try to find an answer acceptable to both you and your parents． It is no good for you to require（3） 　  　 to go your way． You have to be ready to change a little if you want them to change．

Second， talk to your parents when it is convenient for them． Remember that your parents may have to work long hours and this can make them （4） 　  　 ， so be patient with them．

Third， listen to what your parents have to say． How can you（5） 　  　   them to listen to you if you are not ready to listen to them？ In addition， your parents were once（6） 　  　   like you， so they understand your situation better than you expect．

Finally， if you do not get a satisfactory result， try not to get too angry． Talk with your parents

and find out their（7） 　  　． Part of growing up is learning to live with these kinds of disagreements， and learning to understand another person's way of looking at things．

With a little hard work， you can learn to communicate better with your parents．

（1）A． abilities	B．suggestions	C． tasks
（2）A．disagree	B．worry	C． talk
（3）A． everything	B． nothing	C． something
（4）A． excited	B． angry	C． tired
（5）A． order	B．expect	C． invite
（6）A．young	B．rave	C． confident
（7）A． reasons	B． hobbies	C． secrets

Nowadays，many people have realized the importance of leadership（领导） skills．Poor leaders may cause many problems．But good leaders do（21） 　　in solving problems than poor ones．Without good leaders，problems can't be solved．（22） 　　，good leaders are very important．What's more，good leaders are good at cooperating with others．Usually they are good listeners as well．But being good leaders（23） 　　easy．So let me give you some suggestions to help you become a good leader．

Learn from books．Maybe nobody teaches you how to be a good leader，but you can learn it（24） 　　．Read biographies of great leaders from home and abroad．By reading，you can learn a lot from their experiences and find out their secrets of success．Then you will be more（25） 　　of being a good leader．

Learn from student leaders in your school．There is no doubt that those leaders（26） 　　are popular with students in your school must have their advantages over others．Don't you want to know why  they are so successful？（27） 　　 an active part in the activities organized by the excellent leaders and learn from them at one，Then you will know the answer．

Practice what you have learned．Find the students that have the same interests as you have and start a club．Activities should be organized regularly in the club．When the members in your club have（28） 　　in solving problems，you should communicate with them and find out the causes of the problems．

After problems are solved，you can （29） 　　pleasure them．As time passes by，you will get more trust like those popular leaders．Sooner or later，you will be a good leader．In short，being a good leader needs courage and practice．Get started（30） 　　it's too late!As long as keep trying，you will develop your leadership skills．

根据短文内容选择最佳答案．

21．A．well	B．hardly	C．better
22．A．Unfortunately	B．Therefore	C．However
23．A．is	B．isn't	C．aren't
24．A．on your own	B．by mistake	C．by itself
25．A．afraid	B．confident	C．nervous
26．A．who	B．which	C．where
27．A．Taking	B．Taken	C．Take
28．A．fun	B．belief	C．trouble
29．A．share…with	B．keep…off	C．borrow…from
30．A．after	B．before	C．until．

Once there was a king and his daughter． The king asked his daughter how much she loved him． She said that she loved him as much as the loved（1） 　　． Her answer made the king very happy． Salt is simple thing， （2） 　　it is very important． So the king thought his daughter cared a lot about him．

Salt has many（3） 　　． Our bodies need salt． If we don't have enough， our bodies can't work properly． We put salt on icy roads to make them（4） 　　． We also use salt to produce other products， like paper and glass． But for many years， salt's most important job was to（5） 　　food． Like other living things， most bacteria（细菌） need water to live． Salt takes in plenty of water， so most bacteria（细菌） can not live（6） 　　a salty environment． As a result， salt protects food and many other things． For much of human history， this ability has made salt（7） 　　．Every ancient culture from Egypt to China depended on salt． Even today， the hard﹣working ，useful people are（8） 　　as "the salt of the earth"．

For centuries， salt was also hard to （9） 　　． Its usefulness， together with rarity（稀有） made it very expensive． Salt could even be used like（10） 　　． In fact， the word salary （薪水） comes from the word salt．

Today， salt is used more widely and it still plays an important role in our life．

（1）A． salt	B． air	C． gold	D． sugar
（2）A． or	B． so	C． and	D． but
（3）A． forms	B． secrets	C． uses	D． skills
（4）A． wide	B． safe	C． smooth	D． thick
（5）A． protect	B． provide	C． produce	D． prepare
（6）A． in	B． outside	C． for	D． without
（7）A． hopeful	B． comfortable	C．valuable	D． successful
（8）A． saved	B． dreamed	C． invited	D． described
（9）A． sell	B． get	C． take	D． keep
（10）． money	B． medicine	C． earth	D． food

The summer vacation is coming． During the vacation， you can do what you like and prepare yourself for the future． You'll enjoy this period of time to the fullest with the help of the following （1） 　　．

Take exercise． After working hard for months， you must be bored． Taking exercise is the best way to get （2） 　　again． Swimming and walking are perfect choices for you． All kinds of exercise （3） 　　your health．

Master some basic life skills． You will live an （4） 　　life one day． Therefore， you should learn some necessary and useful skills such as washing clothes and cooking． At the same time， you can help your parents （5） 　　housework to express your thanks to them．

Go travelling． The world is a book． Those who don't travel only read one page． Travelling is so （6） 　　． Have you made your own travel plan？ If not， do it （7） 　　! During the trip， you will have a chance to learn more knowledge． While learning about different cultures and customs， you will also make a lot of friends．

Enjoy time with family members． Family members play an important role in your life． They give you love， care and support all the time． Don't （8） 　　to spare some time to get together with them． You will find （9） 　　great to stay with them， talking about dreams， hobbies or anything you like．

 （10） 　　you follow what is mentioned above，you will have a wonderful vacation．

根据短文内容选择最佳答案．

（1）A．suggestions	B．classes	C．teams
（2）A．danger	B．money	C．energy
（3）A．are good at	B．are good for	C．are good with
（4）A．asleep	B．impolite	C．independent
（5）A．for	B．with	C．to
（6）A．terrible	B．useless	C．interesting
（7）A．so far	B．at once	C．no longer
（8）A．forget	B．to forget	C．forgetting
（9）A．it	B．one	C．that
（10）A．Though	B．Even if	C．As long as

They weigh almost nothing.Yet they are（1） 　 　than steel.In fact，some spiders' webs are among the world's strongest materials， （2） 　 　they can be pulled longer than elastic（橡皮筋）.They can also be any （3） 　 　.Spider webs are amazing.

A spider has hundreds of small openings in its body.Silk comes out of these openings as a liquid（液体），and，as it reaches the air，it becomes tread﹣like.These （4） 　 　threads（线）come together to form a single thread.

The spider can make many different kinds of thread.The tread can be thick or thin，wet or dry，or sticky.Each kind has a different （5） 　 　.Some webs create an egg box.Others（6） 　 　hiding places.The most common purpose of a spider web，however，is to catch food.

There are many（7） 　 　the spider uses its web to catch food.For example some spiders produce a single thread.An inset then sits on it（8） 　 　realizing what it is doing，and becomes（9） 　 　.Slowly，the spider moves towards the insect.（10） 　 　，it covers its food in silk.

Some spiders use a different kind of（11） 　 　，They make webs that cheat insects.An insect sees the web and thinks it's a flower.It then（12） 　 　the web.The spider can feel even the smallest movement of the web，and rushes at the inset（13） 　 　it can get away.

Spider webs are so （14） 　 　 that engineers have been studying them for years.They want to learn why they are so strong and elastic.However，for the moment，spiders are keeping their（15） 　 　 .Although they have made great progress in science and technology，humans till haven't been able to copy natural webs.

（1）A.stronger	B.brighter	C.heavier	D.thicker
（2）A.so	B.but	C.if	D.or
（3）A.shape	B.price	C.weight	D.temperature
（4）A.wide	B.broken	C.tiny	D.weak
（5）A.direction	B.purpose	C.size	D.name
（6）A.provide	B.choose	C.find	D.change
（7）A.problems	B.reasons	C.steps	D.ways
（8）A.by	B.for	C.without	D.in
（9）A.lost	B.stuck	C.excited	D.burnt
（10）A.Sadly	B.Clearly	C.Suddenly	D.Loudly
（11）A.help	B.material	C.power	D.trick
（12）A.lands on	B.moves towards	C.flies over	D.looks into
（13）A.when	B.before	C.until	D.unless
（14）A.soft	B.expensive	C.important	D.amazing
（15）A.habits	B.plans	C.secrets	D.records

Students may have problems with their minds．Some students become worried because they have to study very（41） 　　．Others have trouble getting on well with people like their parents and classmates．

A student of Grade 8 could not understand his teacher and was doing（42） 　　in his lessons．He became so worried about it that he（43） 　　to cut his finger with a knife．

Another student was afraid of（44） 　　．She got very worried（45） 　　she looked at the exam paper，and she could write noting．A report says that 18% of Shanghai students have mental（心理的）problems．Their troubles include being worried and（46） 　　，having problems in learning and getting on with people．Many students who have problems won't ask for（47） 　　．Some think they will look stupid if they go to see a doctor．Others don't want to talk（48） 　　their secrets．

A famous expert on students has the fallowing（49） 　　；

•Talk to your parents and teachers often．

•Take part in group activities and play sports．

•Go to see a doctor if you feel unhappy（50） 　　unwell．

41．A．hard	B．hardly	C．easy	D．easily
42．A．worse	B．badly	C．well	D．better
43．A．refused	B．stopped	C．forgot	D．started
44．A．friends	B．exams	C．doctors	D．books
45．A．when	B．what	C．where	D．why
46．A．happy	B．unhappy	C．lucky	D．unlucky
47．A．success	B．chance	C．help	D．dream
48．A．to	B．with	C．about	D．in
49．A．suggestion	B．facts	C．fact	D．suggestions
50．A．as	B．or	C．but	D．so．

Natural resources（资源）come from the earth．And they are limited．This means that they will not （41） 　　forever．Some are renewable，like trees，for example，you can plant a new tree when you （42） 　　one down．Others are not renewable，like the coal（煤）．Once it is dug out of the （43） 　　and used．it is gone．People realized the （44） 　　that the earth's natural resources are limited，and they decide to do something to help save （45） 　　．When you try to save one kind of natural resources，you had better use less of it，（46） 　　it will be used up so fast．One way that people save the fuel（燃料），such as gasoline，it's by riding a bicycle or working when the （47） 　　is short instead of driving．Water is a very important kind of natural resource because we all needed to keep （48） 　　．We can save water by making sure that our pipes and taps do not leak（漏）．We can also make （49） 　　 choices to save water，like only using the dishwasher or washing machine，not making the water keep running．Everyone can make contribution to （50） 　　natural resources．

41．A．last	B．spread	C．burn	D．change
42．A．turn	B．cut	C．put	D．move
43．A station	B．building	C．ground	D．house
44．A．news	B．plan	C．decision	D．fact
45．A．them	B．it	C．that	D．one
46．A．and	B．but	C．or	D．so
47．A．money	B．space	C．place	D．distance
48．A．alive	B．along	C．asleep	D．awake
49．A．generous	B．funny	C．wise	D．stupid
50．A．protecting	B．wasting	C．using	D．making．

If you often have a cold，headache or backache，there is something wrong with your health．Eating healthy food（46） 　　good for our health．Tofu （豆腐），milk，vegetables are healthy for us．

Tofu is a kind of common（47） 　　food．We often（48） 　　it in China．Now more and more people（49） 　　other countries think tofu is good for health，（50） 　　．They also like eating it．

Milk is（51） 　　kind of healthy food．Every day you should（52） 　　one or two glasses of milk．It can keep us（53） 　　Vegetables are very important．You should eat（54） 　　them，they are nutritious（有营养的）．As we know，it's important to keep a balanced diet （均衡饮食）．We must have the right kinds of food．We should also eat some pork，chicken and beef．We should eat more fruit and vegetables（55） 　　less meat．

46．A．are	B．was	C．will be	D．is
47．A．Japanese	B．American	C．English	D．Chinese
48．A．eat	B．drink	C．take	D．play
49．A．for	B．with	C．in	D．at
50．A．too	B．also	C．neither	D．either
51．A．the other	B．other	C．another	D．others
52．A．drinking	B．drink	C．take	D．to take
53．A．strong	B．weak	C．thin	D．heavy
54．A．a lot	B．plenty	C．much	D．a lot of
55．A．as	B．never	C．but	D．though．

Every day in newspapers and magazines there are articles telling us we should exercise more.

    And scientists now say that（1）　 　is one of the best way to keep fit.It can make you feel better and look better.Some say it can even make you live（2）　 　.

    All you need for naming，some comfortable clothes and a pair of sports shoes.You don't need to buy special clothes（3）　 　you should get a good pair of sports shoes.And remember一you should always buy shoes for running one size larger than your（4）　 　shoes.

    Some people find running boring，so，cycling or swimming instead once in a while.Also，you shouldn't exercise every day.It's very important to（5）　 　two or three times a week.You should eat well and drink lots of water but you can still have nice things like chocolate（6）　 　.Do some leg exercises every week as well，because this makes you stronger and helps you run better.

    If you're a beginner，there are lots of ways to make exercise fun.You can join a club or you can exercise with a friend.Another idea is to run in a race.This can give you a（n）（7）　 　to train and keep you interested in running.

（1）A.running	B.swimming	C.cycling
（2）A.long	B.longer	C.longest
（3）A.and	B.or	C.but
（4）A.usual	B.clean	C.different
（5）A.play	B.rest	C.work
（6）A.never	B.often	C.sometimes
（7）A.reason	B.excuse	C.method

Red Packets in Chinese Culture

Giving Hongbao (red packets) is a tradition in China. Traditional red pockets are often decorated with gold Chinese characters（汉字）, such as ___ 1 ___and wealth.

How red packets a re used

During Chinese New Year, __ 2 ___is (are) put inside red packets which are then handed out to younger generations by their parents, grandparents, relatives, and even close neighbours and friends.

The ___ 3 ___

Red represents luck and good fortune in Chinese culture. That is __ 4 ___red packets are used during Chinese New Year and other celebrations.

How to give and receive

Giving and receiving red packets is a ___ 5 ___act. Therefore, red packets are always __ 6 ___and received with both hands.

Someone who receives a red packet at Chinese New Year or on his or her birthday should not ___ 7 ___it in front of the giver. __ 8 __, things are different at a Chinese wedding, where the guests usually give the red packets to the attendants and sign ___ 9 ___names on a large scroll ( long piece of paper). The attendants will open the packets at once, ___ 10 __the money inside, and record it on a register（登记簿） next to the guests' names.

The amount （数量）

The amount of money is relative to your relationship to the person who receives-the ___ 11 ___your relationship is, the more money is expected. Anyway, it is not the amount of the money that matters, but the care and love you hold for others .

What not to gift

Certain amounts of money are to be __ 12 ___. Anything with a four is not good because four sounds similar to __ 13 ___in Chinese. Even numbers（偶数）, except four, are better than odd-as good things are believed to come in __ 14 ___. For example, gifting ＄20 is better than ＄21.

The money inside a red packet should ___ 15 ___be new. Folding the money or giving dirty or wrinkled bills is in bad taste.

Hongbao is a symbol of love from others, as well as a sign of good luck.

A．	1. praise	B．	dream	C．	happiness	D．	advice
E．	2. paper	F．	money	G．	letters	H．	notes
I．	3. colour	J．	size	K．	shape	L．	history
M．	4. when	N．	why	O．	how	P．	where
Q．	5. strange	R．	simple	S．	smart	T．	serious
U．	6. presented	V．	filled	W．	covered	X．	gathered
Y．	7. watch	Z．	hide	[．	open	\．	accept
]．	8. Moreover	^．	However	_．	Otherwise	`．	Besides
a．	9. his	b．	their	c．	your	d．	our
e．	10. count	f．	change	g．	choose	h．	collect
i．	11. worse	j．	harder	k．	closer	l．	wider
m．	12. avoided	n．	increased	o．	afforded	p．	returned
q．	13. birth	r．	fear	s．	death	t．	envy
u．	14. groups	v．	rows	w．	teams	x．	pairs
y．	15. sometimes	z．	never	{．	seldom	|．	always

The universe is really mystical（神秘的）．Scientists have done lots of study about it but there is till much they haven't discovered．

Scientists think that there （41） 　　life on the earth for many many years．However，we haven't found life on any other planets （42） 　　．

There are eighteen planets going around the sun．The earth is one of them．There are humans，animals，plants and many other kinds of life on the earth．There is water and air，too．And compared to the other planets，the earth is not too （43） 　　or too cold．None of seven other planets has an environment like that of the earth．

The sun and its planets are called the solar system，and our solar system is a small part of a （44） 　　larger group of stars and planets，called the Galaxy or the Milky Way．There are （45） 　　stars in the Galaxy，and our sun is only one of them．

Scientists have also discovered many other galaxies in the universe．Their light has to travel for many years to reach us．So （46） 　　is the universe？it is impossible to imagine．

Scientists have sent spaceship to the planet Mars （47） 　　photos．they have even sent spaceships to travel outside （48） 　　．However，no spaceship has traveled （49） 　　to reach other stars in our Galaxy．

When we see stars twinkling（闪耀） in the sky at night，we may think a lot：（50） 　　so many stars in the universe，is there life out there in space？If there is life on other planets，what life will be like there？What transports do they use to travel？why don't they visit us？We do not know the answers…

41．A．is going to be	B．are going to be	C．has been	D．have been
42．A．yet	B．already	C．still	D．just
43．A．cool	B．warm	C．hot	D．wet
44．A．most	B．more	C．many	D．much
45．A.200 billions of	B.200 billion of	C．billions of	D．billion of
46．A．how large	B．how far	C．how wide	D．how long
47．A．taking	B．to take	C．take	D．took
48．A．Mars	B．the sun	C．the earth	D．the solar system
49．A．enough far	B．far enough	C．enough close	D．close enough
50．A．with	B．without	C．by	D．on．

Beijing Opera

Beijing Opera is our national opera．It（31） 　　after 1790and has a history of（32）____ 　200years．Its music and singing came fromareXipi and Erhuang in Anhui and Huibei．There（33） 　　main roles in Beijing Opera：Sheng，Dan，Jing，and Chou．Beijing Opera（34） 　　famous stories，beautiful facial paintings，wonderful gestures and fighting．Some of the stories are from history books，but most are from famous novels．The people in the stories usually can't agree（35） 　　each other．They become angry，unhappy，sad and（36） 　　．Sometimes they are frightened and worried．Then they find a way to make（37） 　　with each other．Everyone is usually happy（38） 　　．

Beijing Opera is an important part of Chinese culture．In China it used to be popular with old people（39） 　　young people didn't like it very much．However，more young people are becoming interested in it nowadays．And more people around the world（40） 　　Beijing Opera's special singing，acting and facial paintings．

31．A、come into being	B、came into being	C、come across	D、came over
32．A、over	B、in	C、on	D、during
33．A、five	B、four	C、three	D、two
34．A、was full of	B、was filled in	C、is full of	D、was filled with
35．A、on	B、at	C、to	D、with
36．A、tired	B、bored	C、lonely	D、alone
37．A、peace	B、friend	C、peaces	D、friends
38．A、at the end	B、in the end	C、at first	D、at the beginning
39．A、when	B、as soon as	C、after	D、while
40．A、are learning about	B、were learning about	C、are learning from	D、learned from．