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初中英语

No Car Day was first started by 34 cities in France on September 22, 1998. It was started to protect the environment. By now, more than 1,000 cities around the world have had a No Car Day.
The first No Car Day in China was in Chengdu in 2001. Other cities, including Taipai, Shanghai and Wuhan, also support the day.
In Beijing, more and more people are joining the campaign. It asks drivers to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work. It also calls on Beijingers not to use cars on June 5(World Environment Day). The slogan for the day is, “If we drive for one less day, we can have one more nice day.”
So far, more than 200,000 drivers have shown their support. “We can’t control(控制) the weather, but we can choose not to drive,” said Wu Zonghua, a car club chairman. Beijing is trying to have 238 blue sky days this year. In the first quarter of 2012, Beijing only had 52 blue sky days. This was 11 days less than the number for the same period the year before. Much of the dust comes from the desert, but cars cause most of the air pollution. We must do more for No Car Day.
The first No Car Day fell on _______.

A.February 2nd B.June 5th
C.July 5th D.September 22nd

_______ was the first city to have No Car Day in China.

A.Beijing B.Chengdu C.Shanghai D.Wuhan

What does the underlined word “slogan” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A.目的 B.原因 C.意义 D.口号

How many blue sky days did Beijing have in the first quarter of 2011?

A.63. B.52. C.41. D.238.

Which of the following statements is True?

A.China is the first country to start No Car Day.
B.No Car Day is World Environment Day.
C.No Car Day has been supported by over 1,000 cities around the world so far.
D.Much of the dust in the air comes from cars.
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Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in Africa and one of the largest free-standing mountains in the world, and some say, the most beautiful place on the earth!
The mountain towers 15,000 feet above the plains. Mount Kilimanjaro is in Tanzania and it covers an area of 60 miles long and 40 miles wide. Kilimanjaro is an extinct volcano(死火山), with 3 peaks. Kibo is the highest one in the center.
Because of Kilimanjaro’s great height, the mountain influences its own weather. Winds incoming from the Indian Ocean are stopped upward by the mountain and drop their moisture(湿气) as rain and snow. People have planted coffee, corn, and other crops on the lower slopes(斜坡).
Mount Kilimanjaro now attracts many thousands of walkers each year. Because of a temperature rise in recent years, the beautiful snow cap of Kilimanjaro is retreating(消退)fast. A research said that the white snow on the mountain might be gone in 15 years. What a pity!
The writer is worried about Mount Kilimanjaro’s ________.

A.great height B.extinct volcano C.rainforests D.white snow cap

Mount Kilimanjaro is __________

A.the highest mountain in the world B.an active volcano
C.a free-standing mountain D.15,000 feet above the sea level

The snow on the mountain comes from ________.

A.the Indian Ocean B.the Pacific Ocean
C.the Atlantic Ocean D.the Red Sea

_________ influences the mountain’s own weather.

A.Rain and snow B.Its great height C.Crops D.The moisture

People should _______ to stop the mountain’s snow cap from melting.

A.save the water of the Indian Ocean B.protect the environment
C.not visit Kilimanjaro D.not plant crops on the mountain
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The Clockwork Radio
The British inventor Trevor Baylis created this really clever ′wind-up radio′ for people from Third World countries. in some parts of the Third World countries, it’s very hard for people to get or pay for enough energy. This radio uses no batteries (电池) and does not need any electricity to run it. A clockwork generator (发电机) is put inside the radio and works as the power. When it is fully wound up (上弦), the radio can work for long periods.

The clock work product is not a new invention. The Victorians had already put it in wide use. We may find them used in toys as well. Then what is new about this clockwork radio? Baylis has used this simple but effective (高效的) way of creating electricity to both help the people of the Third World and to develop a product which is selling well in Western Europe.
Even former President of South Africa, Nelson Mandella has one of these radios and personally recommends this product to others.
What does the clockwork radio use to run it?

A.Batteries. B.Electricity.
C.A clockwork generator. D.Wind power.

The Third World countries are       in the world.

A.the rich countries B.the poor countries
C.Western European D.Victorian countries

Which sentence is true according to the passage?

A.the clockwork radio can work for only a short period of time.
B.Trevor Baylis created the world’s first clockwork product.
C.The clockwise radio is also a toy for people of the Third World.
D.Nelson Mandella owns one of the clockwork radios.
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Every year there is the Spring Festival in China. Usually it is in January(一月)or February(二月). It is the most important festival in China. So before it comes, everyone has to prepare things. They buy pork, beef, chicken, fruit and many other things. And they often make a special(特别的) kind of food called “dumplings”. It means “come together” in Chinese. On the day before the festival, parents buy new clothes for their children and children also buy presents for their parents. On Spring Festival’s Eve, all the family members come back to their home. This is a happy moment. They sing, dance and play cards. Others get the dinner ready. When they enjoy the meal, they give each other the best wishes for the coming year. They all have a good time.
        is the most important festival in China?

A.Mid-autumn Day B.The Spring Festival
C.Children’s Day D.Teachers’ Day

The Chinese usually have their Spring Festival in        .

A.January or February B.January or March C.summer D.autumn

What’s the special kind of food for the Spring Festival in China?

A.Cakes. B.Pudding. C.Hotdog D.Dumplings.

The food “dumplings” means “       ”.

A.be delicious B.be hungry C.come together D.be happy

When they are having dinner on Spring Festival’s Eve, the Chinese    .

A.eat Candy B.eat moon cakes
C.never drink D.give each other the best wishes
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Biodiversity(生物多样性), or biological diversity, is a wide-ranging concept that covers all the different kinds of plant and animal species present on earth. Environmentalists believe that many millions of species exist. As all these living organisms are dependent on each other in some way, biodiversity is desirable. Any loss to the planet is actually a loss for mankind as well, and it is our responsibility to try and save Earth’s biodiversity.
Biodiversity has a vital role to play in the evolution(演变)of species. Species become extinct, but new species evolve, and this is how a balance is maintained. This may sound pretty simple, but it takes millions of years for changes to take place.
Biodiversity is also very important to the stability of food webs. Damage to them can mean disaster for an entire ecosystem. The extinction of a single animal species can put huge pressure on the numerous other species dependent on it.
Biodiversity also has an important role to play in human society. Apart from being the most intelligent species on earth, human beings are also the most dependent. We depend on nature to meet our basic needs. When we change the balance of nature to create our cities and bring about our technical advances, we knowing or unknowing cause great damage to the ecosystem. This must be understood, and the damages must be reversed(颠倒)in any way they can to ensure that the balance of the ecosystem is maintained.
We learn from the first paragraph that_________.
A biodiversity can be seen
B all living species are found on earth.
C people everywhere are aware of the importance of biodiversity
D the loss of any species can affect humans
Why can change in food webs lead to disaster?
A Because it can make people suffer from disease
B Because it can put huge pressure on some species
C Because it takes a long time for such changes to take place
D Because it will damage ninety-nine percent of species
What does the underlined word probably mean?
A 画线  B Peace  C Strength  D Variety
We learn from the last paragraph that __________.
A humans are as independent as they are intelligent
B the balance of the ecosystem is easily maintained
C nature has given us a lot
D nature is taking revenge on us
Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?
A Food Webs are Closely Related to Biodiversity.
B Biodiversity Plays a Very Important Role in Evolution
C How Biodiversity Affects Human Society.
D Understanding Biodiversity and Its Importance.

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In most languages, a greeting is usually followed by “small talk”. Small talk means the little things we talk about at the start of a conversation.
In English-speaking countries people often make small talk about the weather: “Nice day, isn’t it?” “Terrible weather, isn’t it?” But there is something special about small talk. It must be about something which both people have the same opinion about. The purpose of small talk is to let both people agree on something. This makes meeting people easier and more comfortable. People usually agree about the weather, so it is a safe topic for small talk. But people often disagree about religion or politics so these are not suitable topics for small talk in English. The topics for small talk also depend on where the conversation is taking place. At football matches, people make small talk about the game they are watching: “Great game, isn’t it?” At bus stops, people may comment about the transport system: “The bus service is terrible, isn’t it?”
Greetings and small talk are an important part of conversation in any language. The way people great each and the things they talk about, however, may be different from one language to another. This shows that there is much more to learn when we learn a language than just the vocabulary and the grammar of the language. We also have to learn the social behavior of the people who speak it.
Small talk ___.

A.is a kind of conversation with short words
B.is a greeting when people meet each other
C.is to let people disagree about something
D.is something we talk about to start a conversation

The best topic of small talk is about ___.

A.the weather B.politics C.Games D.languages

The passage suggests that when we learn a language ___.

A.we should learn about the transport system of the country
B.we should only master the grammar and vocabulary
C.we should know the culture about the country
D.we should grasp the importance of the language

When we say “Great game, isn’t it?” we in fact___.

A.ask a question B.have a conversation
C.greet each other D.begin a small talk

What we learn from the passage is that ___.

A.different language has different grammar
B.small talk is an important part in a language
C.small talk depends on the purpose of the conversation
D.in English-speaking countries we should talk about the weather.
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There are many ways to find a job. It can be as easy as walking into a neighborhood store to look at its announcement(通告) board. Local stores often have areas where people can put small signs telling what kind of service they need or can provide. Such services include caring for children or cleaning houses.
Or, job searchers can look in the newspaper. Local newspapers have employment announcements placed by companies seeking(寻找) workers.
Another popular tool for finding jobs is the Internet. For example, people in four hundred and fifty cities around the world can use the Craigslist(网站名)Web site to buy objects, meet people or find a job. Craigslist says that it receives two million new job listings each month.
Another useful way to find a job is through a college or university. For example, students at the University of Texas in Austin(奥斯丁 (美国得克萨斯州首府)) can go to the Career Exploration Center to get help in finding a job. Of course, looking for a job requires knowing what kind of work you want to do. For example, there is a book called “What Color is Your Parachute (降落伞)?” by Richard Bolles. This book has been helping people choose a career (职业) since it was first published in nineteen seventy.
Some experts(专家) also help people find jobs. Susan W. Miller owns a company called California Career Services in Los Angeles. She says her company helps people find jobs by first helping them understand their strengths, goals and interests. Then she provides them with methods and resources(对策) to help them find the right job.
What is the passage mainly about?

A.Finding a job.
B.College students’ part-time jobs.
C.Craigslist Web site.
D.The relation between study and work.

It can be learned from the passage that ______.

A.companies often put job information in local shops
B.the Internet is the most popular tool for job hunters in the USA
C.Susan W. Miller’s company is helping people choose careers
D.California Career Services mainly serves university students

How many ways of finding a job are mentioned in the passage?

A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.
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Read how Sofia writes a composition.





1.The weekend before she has to give it to the teacher, she sits on her own in the kitchen. First, she looks at the title and thinks a lot.
2.Then she writes a few ideas onto a piece of paper, in no particular order. She looks up a couple of words in the dictionary and writes those down.
3.Then she has a sandwich and goes to watch TV.
4.The next day she looks at what she wrote. She adds some more ideas. Then she decides how to order her ideas. She starts to write.




5.There are some words she’s not sure about so she looks them up in her dictionary.
6.When she has finished writing, she reads carefully through her composition. She crosses some things out and changes one or two sentences.
7.Then she looks back at her notes from other written work. She makes sure she hasn’t made any of the same mistakes.
8.Finally, she writes out her composition onto a clean piece of paper and puts it in her bag.

180words
What does Sofia do first before she writes the composition?

A.She looks at the title and thinks a lot.
B.She has a sandwich and goes to watch TV.
C.She writes a few ideas onto a piece of paper.
D.She looks up a couple of words in the dictionary.

When she meets some words she’s not sure,        .

A.she writes them down B.she looks back at her notes
C.she crosses some things out D.she looks them up in the dictionary

From the passage we can know Sofia is a        .

A.driver B.doctor C.student D.parent
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You can’t see any object unless light from that object gets into your eyes.Some of the things you see give off light of their own。The sun,the stars,a lighted lamp are the examples that can be seen by their own light.But most of the things you see are not giving off light of their own.They are just reflecting(反射)light that falls on them from the sun or some other luminous bodies.The moon,for example,doesn’t give off any light of its own.It is not 1uminous.You see it because sunlight falls on it and some of the sunlight reflects on the earth.So moonlight is only second—hand sunlight.
When you look at a book,it sends some of the light which fails on it to your eyes,and you see the book.If light could be kept out from where you’re so that there would be no light from the book to reflect.Then you couldn’t see the book even with your eyes wide open.Light travels so fast that the time in which it travels from the book you’re reading to your eyes is as short as if there were no time at time.Light reaches us from the moon,which is about 380,000 kilometres away,in only a little more than a second.
You can see the book because________.

A.your eyes are close to it B.it reflects some of the light
C.it has light of its own D.it is big enough to be seen

The Chinese meaning of the world“luminous”is close to_______.

A.闪光的 B.看不见的 C.发光的 D.明亮的

________has light of its own.

A.The moon B.The earth C.The sun D.The satellite of Dong Fong Hong

Light travels about_________kilometers per second.

A.300,000 B.100,000 C.400,000 D.190,000

Which of the following is TRUE?

A.All the things you can see give off light.
B.Light from the book is much faster than that from the moon.
C.The moment you open your eyes,the light from the book travels to your eyes.
D.Light travels so fast that there is no time for you to read.
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Missing friends who live far away? Or just need a little family comfort after a long day? Sometimes you just need a hug(拥抱). And sometimes there’s just no one around to give you one. So what do you do? How about a virtual (虚拟的) hug?Scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have invented a social media vest (社交背心) that allows people to give hugs to their friends, family and loved ones on Facebook.
The vest is called Like-A-Hug, which is connected(连接) with your Facebook page. Whenever Facebook friends “Like” a photo, video or anything you post on the network, a fan will blow air into the vest to give you a hug. Hugs can also be sent back to the sender by pressing the vest to lose air, according to the website of designer Melissa Chow.
She worked with Andy Payne and Phil Seaton at the MIT Media Lab to build the black vest, making the wearer “feel the warmth, encouragement, support, or love that we feel when we receive hugs.” Melissa Chow said, “We came up with the idea over a free talk about long-distance relationships and the disadvantages of video chat interfaces (视频聊天界面) like Skype.”
Chow and her workmates actually finished work on the vest last year, but it’s only just recently drawn the attention of the public.
Chow provided no pricing or ordering information for the Like-A-Hug vest, so don’t expect to see people blowing up all over town just yet.
Although researchers believe that Like-A-Hug will cause a worldwide storm, a lot of people think it can’t take the place of the feeling of a real hug. Body temperature or the taste of hair and so on is far from what a social vest can match.
What is the main purpose of the text?

A.To show how to design a magic vest.
B.To suggest a newly-built website.
C.To introduce a virtual social media vest.
D.To explain the weak points of Skype.

The vest “Like-A-Hug” would probably be most helpful to ________.

A.those who play computer games
B.those who need comfort or support
C.those who design chat interfaces
D.those who like to give others hugs

What can we learn about Melissa Chow?

A.She built the vest all by herself.
B.She expects to sell the vest at a high price.
C.She made the vest public last year.
D.She got the idea for a vest while chatting.

We can learn from the text that the Like-A-Hug vest ________.

A.can be ordered on Facebook
B.can take the place of a real hug
C.can not only be used by Facebook users
D.produces a hug when you get a Facebook “Like”
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What did you do on April 23, World Book Day, last year? Did you find some interesting books to read? Now let me introduce some good books for you to read.

Title: Dear Andreas
Author: Long Yingtai&Andreas

Andreas is a college student studying in Germany. His mother is a writer working in Taiwan. By writing letters to each other for more than three years, Long Yingtai says she clearly understands what an 18-year-old man is like, Andreas says he knows his mother better. This is a great book full of love. Don’t miss it.
Title: Climate Change+2 Degrees
Author: Yamamoto Ryoichi

If the earth’s temperature went up 2℃, what would happen? In this book we learn about the history, today’s situation and the future of global warming. The author also tells us proper and useful ways to protect our world.
Title: The Methods and Madness Inside Room 56
Author: Rafe Esquith

Perhaps the most famous fifth-grade teacher in America, Rafe Esquith,  helps his children understand literature, love life, and become happy, self-confident people using his successful methods in his Los Angeles public school classroom. He has created surprising miracles. This is a powerful book. You’d better read it.
Title: The Last Lecture
Author: Randy Pausch

Randy Pausch, a professor from New York was asked to give a lecture. He knew it would probably be his last lecture, because he was dying of illness. His lecture wasn’t about dying, but about getting over the difficulties, helping others to realize their dreams.

Who wrote the book The Methods and Madness Inside Room 56?

A.Rafe Esquith. B.Yamamoto Ryoichi.
C.Randy Pausch. D.Long Yingtai&Andreas.

From the book Climate Change+2 Degrees, we can know ________.

A.the earth’s temperature will surely go up 2℃
B.the future of different countries in the world
C.proper and useful ways to protect our world
D.something about the history of global warming

Andreas and his mother know each other better by ________.

A.writing letters B.sending e-mails
C.talking on the phone D.chatting on line

Which of the following is NOT true in the book The Last Lecture?

A.The professor is from America.
B.The professor was in his poor health.
C.The professor talked about getting over the difficulties.
D.The professor talked a lot about his illness in his lecture.

The passage may be taken from ________.

A.a diary B.a book advertisement
C.a novel D.a film review
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  The Dress That Turns into a Coca Cola Machine 

This specially designed dress looks like a normal dress,but if you unfold it and cover yourself,you may look like a Coca Cola vending machine(自动售货机). Because there are many vending machines like that on the street,it must be easy for you to hide.If you feel that someone is following you or there is some danger,you can disappear within five seconds.But don’t use it to scare your classmates.That’ll be rude.
                                  

The M-Dress is a nice black dress.It is also a mobile phone.It accepts a standard SIM card and allows the wearer to receive calls without carrying an actual(真实的) phone in their pocket or purse.You just need to bring your hand to your ear when you want to answer a phone call.When you finish talking and release your hand,the call will close.It is fashionable and useful.But it will certainly be an embarrassing moment when your dress rings in public.
  Air Conditioned Jackets 

You will love these air-cooled jackets in summer time when it is very hot outdoors.The jacket has fans that draw air in.The fan is powered by an inside battery.Now it is possible to spend nearly every second of your day with cool air.
What’s the main purpose of the first dress?

A.To protect the wearer. B.To scare your classmates.
C.To make the wearer look better. D.To help sell more Coca Cola.

The underlined word release in the 2nd paragraph means ________.

A.put up B.put down C.put on D.put out

The second dress is called M-Dress probably because ________.

A. it is made by men B.it is made for men
C. it is medium-sized D.it is also a mobile phone

The best title for the second paragraph is ________.

A.A Fashionable and Useful Dress
B.M-Dress That Is Also Your Phone
C.An Embarrassing Moment in Public
D.A Mobile Phone with a Standard SIM Card

Which of the following is TRUE of the Air Conditioned Jackets?

A.They keep you warm in winter.
B.The fans must be turned by hand.
C.The fans in them provide cool air.
D.The ice in them makes them cool.
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Wildwood School Library Guide
This will offer you some information about our school library.You can use this guide to help your kids use our library.
Service hours:
3:00 pm—5:30 pm on school days;8:30 am—11:00 am on weekends
On school days,your kids may borrow or return books during opening hours only when his classroom teacher allows him to.At the weekend,our library is open to both you and your kids.
Borrowing
Each student can borrow one or two books at a time:More books can be borrowed only for class reading activities and school research.
Returning:
Books borrowed from the library can be kept for 15 school days. The books must be returned before the due (到期的)date or the kid can not borrow other books.
Damaged(受损的) or Lost Books
When a book is returned in a damaged condition,the kid will have to pay three dollars for the damage.Full price must be paid if a book is lost. We encourage students to carry their library books in plastic bags to protect them from rainy weather.
Please call us at 3362—1323 for more information.
Students can borrow more than two books at a time__________.

A.for sending exams
B.to do school research
C.for after-school activities
D.to read together with their parents

_______must be paid when a student loses the book he borrows.

A.Three dollars B.Half the price of the book
C.Full price of the book D.Twice the price of the book

The students are advised to _________to prevent rain.

A.carry their library books in plastic bags
B.cover their library books with raincoats
C.put their library books into their pockets
D.keep their library books in their classroom

This library guide is for_______.

A.teachers from Wildwood
B.workers in Wildwood School Library
C.visitors to Wildwood School
D.parents of the Wildwood School students

Which of the following is NOT true?

A.The library is open for two and a half hours every day.
B.Students parents can go to the school library on weekends.
C.Students can go to the library during opening hours as they like.
D.Students can keep the books that they borrow for fifteen school days.
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阅读表达 (共5小题,计5分)
Tanzania(坦桑尼亚) has _________ animals, such as lions, elephants, giraffes, crocodiles and so on(等等). Every year, many people in the world travel to this African country to watch the animals closely. But do you know how they travel?
By bus --This is the most common way. When people get on a bus, they'll find that the bus is a little strange(奇怪). It is different from the buses we often see. There are no big windows(窗户) at all, but some small windows. And it looks like a cage. What are they used for? Oh, people can use it to watch animals and take photos.
By boat --We can often see many people are in a boat, enjoying the beautiful things along a river or a lake, and they can also enjoy the hippos(河马) and crocodiles from a nearer distance.
By hot balloon(热气球) --In the early morning, when the sun is beginning to rise, a large hot balloon is also starting its tour. Taking a hot balloon makes most of the tourists excited. After some time, the balloon will land in a certain place, and the waiters will give people delicious and special breakfast. But the cost of taking a hot balloon is also very high. A person should pay 400 dollars for an hour's trip
“such as ” 的汉语意思是__________________________________________________
How many ways of transportation(交通方式) are mentioned in the passage?
__________________________________
Put the underlined sentence into Chinese.(写出划线句子的汉语意思)
_______________________________________________________________________
在文中空白处填上适当的单词。(不多于3个)______________________________.
___________________________ is the most common way of traveling in Tanzania.

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The air plant has wonderful and amazing features. It takes in moisture(水汽)from the air through its leaves.Although it is seen growing on another object or plant to support itself.
To prevent the roots from being too wet,avoid(避免) planting it in soil. Keep the roots in a well—ventilated(通风良好的)environment. Air plants can grow well hanging from fishing lines. They can also be hung from seashells, teacups or even on wood.
Water the air plant once in a while. Simply let the water fall from the roots. The roots will take in the water for the air plant. The air plant can live between 0℃° and 51 ℃. It does not need to be in the light all the time. However, sunlight(morning and evening only)helps it to reproduce(繁殖)faster. When it flowers,it turns a colorful pink, red or orange.At most 8 young plants can grow from the air plant.When these grow to half the size of the parent plant, simply pull them away gently from the parent plant and plant them in another place.
The lifespan of an air plant depends on the care it gets and the environment it is placed in. Generally, all air plant can live for many years.
Because they are so beautiful and easy to take care of, air plants are excellent as birthday gifts or housewarming gifts.
The air plant takes in moisture from ______.

A.other plants B.the air
C.the roots D.other objects

An air plant must NOT be placed in _______.

A.soil B.seashells C.teacups D.wood

Morning sunlight can help the air plant _________.

A.become drier
B.produce young plants faster
C.turn into different colors
D.become half the size of the parent plant

The underlined word “depend on” most probably means _______.

A.支持 B.继续 C.取决于 D.应付

The air plant is easy to take care of because it ______.

A.is a famous plant
B.needs little water and sunlight
C.grows on other plants and objects
D.makes the garden beautiful
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初中英语说明文试题