初中英语说明文试题

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的选项中选出一个最佳选项。
Tick, tick, tick! Good morning, Jim! It’s 6:30 now. It’s time   1    up. Do you know me? I’m your new friend. My name is Clock. Look   2   me. I have no feet,  3   I can walk with my hands. I have no mouth, but I   4  speak to you. Now please listen to   5  . Today is Monday. You have many things to do. Classes  6 at 8:00. You have four classes in the morning and two classes in the afternoon. After 3:40 you have a basketball match   7  Class Two. You come   8   at 5:40. You have supper at 6:00. You   9   CCTV news at 7:00. And you go to bed at 9:30. Now please get up quickly and have your breakfast or（否则）you will be   10 .

A．get B．gets C．to get D．getting

A．at B．for C．after D．like

A．and B．but C．so D．or

A．can’t B．mustn’t C．must D．can

A．I B．my C．mine D．me

A．begin B．begins C．beginning D．to begin

A．to B．with C．and D．for

A．home B．to home C．your home D．at home

A．watch B．read C．see D．look at

A．early B．happy C．glad D．late

IMPROVE ON SLEEP

Good health needs good sleep. Going to bed before you’re tired. No eating or reading in bed. Go to bed at the same time before midnight and get up at the same time. Your body likes routine (常规) for a good night’s sleep.
STAY FREE OF FLU

Studies show that a cold or flu virus （病毒） can live on our hands for long. So wash all parts of your hands frequently with soap and water. For more ways to prevent the spread of flu, please call the Health Line at 1800 848 1313.
ORAL (口腔) HEALTH

Brush your teeth twice a day and visit the dentist at least once a year. The mouth is a mirror of disease. The oral examination is not only for the health of teeth, but the whole body. For more of it, please visit www. mydr. com. au.
FIT FOR LIFE

Studies have shown that many diseases have something to do with little or no physical (身体) activity. Try to do it for 30 minutes a day, 5 days or more a week. For more information, please call the Health Line at 1800 438 2000.
If you want to get a good sleep, you’d better _______.

A．go to bed after you’re tired	B．go to sleep at midnight
C．follow the bedtime routine	D．eat something or read in bed

To prevent from catching a cold or flu, it’s good for you _______.

A．to clean your fingers often	B．to brush your teeth twice a day
C．to get up early every morning	D．to wash all parts of your hands

You should visit the dentist at least once a year, because _______.

A．the oral examination is necessary	B．you don’t often brush your teeth
C．some diseases may be in the mirror	D．you don’t have a good night’s sleep

Studies have shown that many diseases have something to do with _______.

A．having no oral examination	B．washing hands with cold water
C．sleeping too late sometimes	D．doing little physical activity

If you want to learn more about the flu, you can _______.

A．visit www. mydr. com. Au	B．call the Health Line at 1800 848 1313
C．visit the dentist in your place	D．call the Health Line at 1800 438 2000

According to a new survey. Students’ safety has become a big problem. Nearly 50% of students say they are worried about robbery (抢劫) on the way to and from school. Now in some big cities in China, some schools have taught an unusual lesson: self-protection. Students like this lesson because there are no exams or boring classes. And they can learn how to save lives and know how to stop danger before it really happens.
Chen Haoyu, a teacher at Beijing No 25 Middle School gives young students advice on how to deal with danger:
If you are robbed
Keep calm. If you cannot cry for help or run away, give the robber your money. Try to remember what the robber looks like and tell the police later.
If you are in a traffic accident.
If a car hits you，you should remember the car number. If it is a bicycle, try to call your parents before you let the rider go. This is because you don't know how badly you are hurt.
If it is raining hard and there is lighting. (闪电)
Don’t stay in high places and stay away from trees.
When there is a fire.
Run away as fast as you can. Put wet things on your body and try to find an exit. Do not take the lift.
If someone is drowning(溺水)
If you can’t swim, don’t get into the water. Cry out for help.
Remember that danger is never as far away as you think. Take care of yourself at all times!
Why do students like the self-protection lesson?
①Because there are no tests.
②Because the lessons are boring
③ Because they can learn how to save lives.
④Because they know how to stop danger before it happens.

A．①②

B．②③

C．①②④

D．①③④

What will you do if a bicycle hurts you?

A．I will remember the bicycle number.

B．I won't let the rider go until I call my parents.

C．I will let the rider go before I call my parents.

D．I will let the rider go because I know how badly I am hurt.

If your house is on fire, you must ______ .

A．put dry things on your body

B．run quickly and take the lift

C．run away and find an exit as quickly as you can

D．take everything you have and then run away

There are _____ ways of self-protection mentioned in the passage.

A．3

B．4

C．5

D．6

The best title for this passage is ________ .

A．How to Keep Calm

B．Self-protection

C．An usual lesson

D．Danger

We often read the Air Quality Index（空气质量指标）or AQI reported in the newspaper. The AQI helps us understand what the air quality around us means to our health. The AQI uses colors, numbers and words to tell us about the air. Let’s see what these colors and numbers mean.

AQI colors	AQI Numbers	Health word(s)	What to do
Green	0-50	Good	Just enjoy the clean air!
Yellow	51-100	Moderate (适中)	Air quality is fine for most people.
Orange	101-150	Unhealthy for sensitive(敏感的) groups	Active children and adults and people with lung(肺) disease should spend less time outdoors
Red	151-200	Unhealthy	People with lung disease and active kids and adults shouldn’t spend too long time outdoors. Everybody else should try to spend less time outside.
Purple	201-300	Very unhealthy	People with lung disease and active kids and adults should not spend any time outdoors. Everybody should try not to go outside.

If the weather report says today’s AQI is 39, we can ________.

A．enjoy the clean air	B．spend less time outside
C．try not to go outside	D．stay inside most time

If the Air Quality Index is ______, the air quality is good for most people.

A．orange

B．red

C．purple

D．yellow

The _______ AQI numbers are, the _______ air quality is.

A．bigger; better

B．bigger; nicer

C．smaller; better

D．smaller; worse

We use ________ to tell about the quality of the air .
① color  ②words   ③weather   ④numbers

A．①②③④

B．①②③

C．①②④

D．②③④

Which of the following is TRUE?

A．If the AQI number is 140, the AQI colour will be red.

B．If the AQI colour is purple, the air is the best for people.

C．People with lung disease are very sensitive to the air.

D．The AQI can’t help people know the air quality.

Look at the plant in the picture. It looks beautiful, right? Can you imagine (想象) it kills?

The Venus flytrap is a kindof meat-eating plant. It grows in very few places, like wetlands near the sea in North Carolina in America.
The Venus flytrap is not a large plant. It grows to be only about a foot tall. The plant has white flowers in the spring, but it is the plant’s leaves that make it so interesting. The ends of the leaves have folding parts with stiff, tiny hairs (带小硬刺的可折叠部分). These are the plant’s “traps (捕捉器)”.
What does the Venus flytrap eat? As you might guess, the Venus flytrap eats flies (苍蝇). It also eats spiders, ants and crickets (蟋蟀). The Venus flytrap makes most of its food with sun, air and water, just like other plants. Living things just give it extra nutrition (额外营养) to grow well in wetlands.
How does this plant trap and eat living things? The Venus flytrap uses a sweet liquid (液体) to attract its food. When a fly lands on one of the plant’s open traps, hairs on the surface make the trap close. And when the trap closes, the fly is dinner!
If you want to have your own Venus flytrap at home, you have to buy the plant from a special place. You can’t take a Venus flytrap from where it grows! There are laws about taking it out of the wild.
Where does the Venus flytrap grow?

A．In the wetlands.

B．In the desert.

C．In the rocks.

D．In the sea.

About the Venus flytrap, which of the following is true?

A．It is a large plant.

B．It only eats spiders.

C．It has white flowers.

D．It can fly in the sky.

Which is the right order of the following events in Paragraph 5?
a. The trap of the Venus flytrap closes.
b. A fly lands on one of the plant’s open traps.
c. The fly is kept in the trap as the food of the plant.
d. The Venus flytrap uses a sweet liquid to attract its food.

A．d-b-a-c	B．a-b-c-d
C．b-d-a-c	D．d-b-c-a

How can people get a Venus flytrap?

A．They can get it from where it grows.

B．They can buy it from a special place.

C．They can grow it in their gardens.

D．They can buy it in a park.

Why does the Venus flytrap kill?

A．Because it needs extra nutrition.

B．Because it hates flies.

C．Because insects are its main food.

D．Because it kills for fun.

Movie Night Place: School Hall Day: Friday Time: 8:00 p. m. -10:00 p. m. Movie: The Four（《四大名捕》） Stars(主演): Deng Chao, Liu Yifei	School Art Festival（艺术节） Do you want to watch different kinds of programs(节目)？Come to the Art Festival in the school hall. You can come with your parents and friends. From 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. every Saturday.
Basketball Game Attention, please! There is a basketball game between our school and No. 3 High School in the gym at 4:30 p.m. tomorrow. Please come and watch it.	School Library Do you have old books, newspapers or magazines(杂志)？Just bring them to the library. Office time: 8:30 a. m. -5:00 p. m. every weekday.

根据以上四则海报，选择正确答案.
We can _______ on Friday night.
A. see a movie 
B. give books to the library
C .come to the Art Festival
If we want to watch different programs, we may go to the school hall ______.
A. on Friday     B. on Saturday     C. tomorrow afternoon
There is a basketball game between ______and ______at 4:30 p.m. tomorrow.
A. our school; No. 1 High school   
B. No. 1 High school; No. 3 High school
C. our school; No. 3 High school   
We can give old books to the library ________.
A. at nine a.m. on Sunday
B. at six p.m. on Monday
C. at 11:00 a.m. on Friday
Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The basketball game is between our school and No. 2 High School.
B. We can go to the movies at 7:30 p. m. on Friday.
C. Our friends can come to the Art Festival with us.

配对阅读 左栏是五个人的兴趣介绍，右栏是七个运动项目的简介。请根据五个人的情况为他们选出最合适的运动项目，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。其中有两个选项为多余。

Amy used to teach swimming to small children. It was exciting to see them begin to lose their fear of water and begin to have fun! Tom likes climbing. He says, “ When I reach the top, I can enjoy the beautiful sights better.” Running is John’s favorite sport. He runs 1,000 meters every day. He is very healthy now. Mike tried golf last week and he really enjoyed it. A friend asked him if he wanted to go golfing again, and he agreed quickly. Sue is 14 and lives in England. Her father works in a horse-riding school. She has been riding since she was six.

A．Continuing training will help a lot to make professional athletes more successful. It does not take long for you to make progress from this training. B．While practising running in a proper way, it’s easy to learn. You’ll also find that your body doesn’t become tired so easily when you keep up proper running form. C．If you have ever thought about playing golf, Get golf ready is for you. You will be taught by training PGA and LPGA professionals. They will make sure you have fun each step of the way. D．Climbing a mountain is hard work. But the higher you climb, the more wonderful your view（视野）is. E. Learning to play tennis can be a lot of fun, even if you don’t know much about tennis or are just beginning to learn it. We’ll prepare everything from the equipment to the playing court. F. The first thing you learn to ride a horse is how to get onto a horse. Then you have to learn how to move up and down at the same time as the horse. G. Never dive off the side of the pool unless an adult says that the water is deep enough.

What do you think the future will be like? Here are some answers from some students.
Mary: If we don’t take good care of the earth now, our children and grandchildren will be born into a world with much pollution(污染). There will be fewer trees and more buildings, because there will be more people.
Jack: I agree with Mary. Things will be worse(更糟). The weather in the future will be much hotter. Humans(人类)won’t be able to live on the earth. They will have to look for another planet to live on.
Linda: I think the life in the future will be better. Most people in the world will use “green cars” by 2020, so there will be less pollution and people will live to be 200 years old. As for(至于)space travel, I would say, we will visit Mars(火星)in about fifty years.
They are talking about________.

A．pollution	B．weather in the future
C．life in the future	D．Mars in about fifty years

What does Mary think life will be like in the future?

A．There will be fewer trees.

B．Everybody will have a car.

C．People will live longer.

D．People will live on Mars.

What does the underlined word “planet” mean in Chinese?

A．沙漠

B．岛屿

C．星球

D．海底

Why does Jack think humans will have to look for another planet to live on? Because________.

A．there will be too many buildings

B．the earth will be too hot to live on

C．there will be too many people

D．the earth will disappear(消失)

How many things does Linda predict(预测)?

A．One

B．Two

C．Three

D．Four

Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.
Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩) and pumping（向---送出） blood around their bodies, compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.
Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said: "Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart."
The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said, "The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. So our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see - and guide whether we see fear."
To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear. "We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear," Dr Garfinkel said.
"We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder."
What is the finding of the study?

A．fear has something to do with one's health.

B．fear is a result of one's relaxed heartbeat.

C．One's heart affects how he feels fear.

D．One’s fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.

When are people more likely to feel a sense of fear ?

A．When the heartbeat is relaxed.

B．When their hearts are contracting.

C．When people are tired.

D．When people are happy.

The study was carried out by analyzing （分析）_______.

A．the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions

B．volunteers' heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures

C．volunteers' reactions to horrible pictures and data form their brain scans

D．different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart-brain communication

Which of the following is closest in meaning to "mechanism" in Paragraph 6?

A．Order.

B．Machine.

C．Treatment.

D．System.

This study may be useful to _______.

A．treating anxiety and stress better

B．explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety

C．finding the sky to the heart-brain communication

D．understanding different fears in our hearts and heads

China's first moon rover (月球车), Yutu, set off from the lander（登陆车） early on December 15, several hours after the Chang'e-3 probe (探测器) soft-landed on the moon surface.
The 140 kg six-wheeled rover touched the moon surface at 4:35 a.m., leaving deep lines on the loose moon land. This was recorded by the camera on the lander and the images were sent to the earth, according to the Beijing Aerospace Control Center. After that, the rover and lander will take photos of each other and start their own science explorations.
Earlier this morning, engineers made final checks of the environment of the landing area and the situation of the probe（探测仪）. Yutu, reached its solar panel (光板) and started to drive slowly to the moon at 3:10 a.m.. It took Yutu nearly a whole hour to complete the simple task.
Chang'e-3 landed at the Bay of Rainbows on the moon, at 9:11 p.m. on December 14, making China the third country in the world to carry out such a mission (执行此类任务) after the United States and Russia.
In old Chinese tales, Yutu was the white pet rabbit of Chang'e’s. The name for the rover was selected following an online survey that collected several million votes from people around the world.
The rover, 1.5 meters long with its two wings folded (折叠), 1 m in width and 1.1 m in height, is a perfect robot controlled by the command center from the earth. It will face challenges including temperature differences of more than 300℃ on the moon.
Yutu will do some research and look for natural resources (资源) for three months, while the lander will conduct an exploration at the landing place for one year. Then they will have a good rest on the moon and will not be used for a long time until China’s next probe visits the moon again.
Which is the best title for the passage above?

A．The American’sfirst rover on the moon	B．The tale of Chang’e
C．The journey to the moon	D．Yutu explores the moon

Which is the correct order of the following events?
a. The 140 kg six-wheeled rover touched the moon surface.
b. The rover and lander will take photos of each other.
c. Yutu started to drive slowly to the moon.
d. Chang'e-3 landed at the Bay of Rainbows on the moon.

A．a-b-c-d

B．c-d-a-b

C．d-c-a-b

D．c-a-b-d

What does the underlined word “width” mean in Chinese?

A．智力

B．宽度

C．重量

D．长度

Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．The moon had been visited by only two countries before 2013.

B．Yutu is a perfect robot under the control of its own computer.

C．Yutu and Chang’e will return to the earth after the one-year mission.

D．Chang’e-3 is 140 kg in weight.

There will soon be a second moon rover to explore the moon. Which is its proper name?

A．Chang’e-5

B．Yutu-2

C．Shenzhou-11

D．Tiangong-2

Everyone hopes to have a healthy lifestyle. But do you know what a healthy lifestyle is like? Here are some ways that lead to(导致) a healthy lifestyle.
Get active(积极的)
This is the most important way of a healthy lifestyle. Walking, running and playing basketball and other sports will help you keep healthy.
If your job needs long hours of sitting, get up often and walk. Don’t let laziness(懒惰) stop your body and mind. Be active at your workplace, around your neighborhood(邻近地区) and wherever(无论那里) possible.
Keep clean
Keep the places around you clean. Cleanliness(清洁)can create(创造) a healthy lifestyle. Unclean(不干净 ) and untidy(不整齐) places can not only make you angry but also make you ill.
Eat healthily
Our health depends on(依赖于)our food, so everyone should remember to eat healthy food. The healthier food you eat, the healthier you will be.
Live green
This is the easiest way to live a healthy lifestyle. Plant trees around your house. Try your best to save water. Stop using things that are bad for the environment.
Which is the most important way to have a healthy lifestyle?

A．Living green.

B．Keeping clean.

C．Eating healthy.

D．Getting active.

How many ways does the passage tell the people to have a healthy lifestyle?

A．Two.

B．Three.

C．Four.

D．Five.

Which is the easiest way to live a healthy lifestyle?

A．Getting active.

B．Living green.

C．Keeping clean.

D．Eating healthy.

What does the underlined word “environment” mean in Chinese?

A．空气

B．矿藏

C．环境

D．垃圾

How will unclean places make people feel?

A．Excited.

B．Sad.

C．Happy and healthy.

D．Angry and ill.

Have successful people ever felt sad? Do they have any “secrets” to success? The answers to these questions can be found in US president Barack Obama’s “back to school” speech. Here is an excerpt(摘录) from his speech.
I know that sometimes, you get the sense that you can be rich and successful without any hard work—that your ticket to success is through pop music or basketball or being a TV star, when chances are, you’re not going to be any of those things.
But the truth is, being successful is hard. You won’t love every subject you study. Not all the homework will seem rather important to your life right this minute. And you may not succeed at everything the first time you try.
That’s OK. Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones who’ve had the most failures (the opposite of success). JK Rowling’s first Harry Potter book was turned down 12 times before it finally came out. Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team, and he lost hundreds of games and missed thousands of shots (投篮) during his career. But he once said, “I have failed over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed.”
These people succeeded because they understand that you can’t let your failures beat you—you have to let them teach you. You have to let them show you what to do differently next time.
No one’s born being good at things. You become good at things through hard work.
Don’t be afraid to ask questions. Don’t be afraid to ask for help when you need it. I do that every day. Asking for help isn’t a sign of weakness; it’s a sign of strength. It shows you have the courage to tell when you don’t know something, and to learn something new.
And even when you’re struggling(奋斗), even when you’re discouraged (泄气), and you feel other people have given up on you—don’t ever give up on yourself. Because when you give up on yourself, you give up on your country.
Why does Barack Obama mention (提到) JK Rowling and Michael Jordan in the third paragraph?

A．To compare these two famous persons.

B．To explain that the more failures he has, the more successful he is.

C．If you want to be successful, you should fail first.

D．To show that failure is the mother of success.

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．No one can be successful without working hard.

B．Failure can be good if you treat it in a right way.

C．Those who believe in themselves shouldn’t ask others for help.

D．One should try his best to make his dream come true.

Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined sentence?

A．One shouldn’t ask questions because it is a sign of strength.

B．One should believe in himself though he will face much difficulty.

C．One doesn’t have to work hard when he has failed several times.

D．One doesn’t have to ask for help because it is a sign of weakness.

Computers can help many workers. They can also help thieves.
There was one thief who worked in a bank of the United States. He paid for everything he needed by check (支票). Then he told the computer not to take any money from his account for the checks he wrote. The bank’s computer did what he said. And it did not take any money from his bank account. One day the computer broke down. People had to do the computer’s work. They soon found out what was happening.
Another thief, who worked for a bank saw people filling in deposit forms (存款单). Many of these people did not know their account numbers, so they wrote only their names on the forms. They left empty places for their account numbers. The thief wrote his own account number in this place. When the computer read these forms it looked only at the account numbers. It did not look at the customers’ names. It paid the money on these deposit forms into the thief’s account .                           
Then there was the bank worker who told the bank computer to take ten cents off every customer’s account each month and put it into his own account. For a long time the bank’s customers did not notice that they were losing ten cents every month. But then someone did notice and told the bank. That was the end of that little game!
What was the first thief?

A．A computer engineer.

B．A customer.

C．A bank worker.

D．We don’t know.

How did the first thief steal money from the bank?

A．He broke the computer down and stole money from it.

B．He paid for everything by check instead of cash.

C．He took money away from the bank.

D．He told the computer not to take away money from his account.

How many kinds of crimes in a bank are mentioned?

A．Two.

B．Three.

C．Four.

D．Five.

What can we infer from the passage?

A．None of the thieves has been caught by the police up to now.

B．A lot of money is missing from the bank of the United States each year.

C．The computers in the bank will be changed to prevent money from being stolen.

D．There will be no crimes in the bank any more since so many crimes have been found out.

First e-book with colour display (彩色显示)
Maker: Fujitsu                     Launched (投放市场): March 18
Weight: 458g                      Colour display: 260,000 colours
Battery(电池) power: 48 hours        Price: about $1,000
Screen: 20.3 cm                   
Store about 5,000 books (using 4GBSD memory card)
Connectivity: Internet Wi-Fi(无线上网)，Bluetooth，USB connector
阅读以上信息，完成下面的短文，每空一词。
According to the information above, we know that the first e-book with colour display was made in the company      Fujitsu. It was available(可获得的) for sale on March. It      nearly half a kilo. It can be used two whole      if its battery fully charged(充电). The length of the screen is 20.3 cm. It can keep five      books. This kind of e-book has three more functions(功能): Wi-Fi，Bluetooth and USB connector. Each e-book      about 1,000 dollars. It is much too expensive for us students.

March 25 is the 17th National Day of Education on the Safety of Elementary and Middle School Students. The theme of the day this year is to give students more knowledge about how to keep safe.
How can you keep yourselves safe? Here are some suggestions.
When there is a fire:
Shout out “Fire”! Call 119! Try to find a safe exit and get away quickly. Don’t use a lift. Use a piece of cloth to cover your mouth and nose.
When there is an earthquake at school:
Stay calm. Follow the teachers’ instructions. Quickly move under the desk. Don’t jump out of
windows or run out.
When you are on the street:
Wait for the green traffic light. Look left and right before crossing the street. Don’t run across
the street.
When you are eating:
Wash fruits and vegetables carefully before eating them. Check the expiration dates(保质期) of
the food. Don’t eat the food if it looks or smells bad.
When you are at school:
Take care not to fall down or hurt yourself. Don’t run, jump or push while going upstairs or
downstairs. Take care of yourself all the time.

Suggestions on
Situations	What you should do	What you shouldn’t do
Be on	Shout out “fire”!       119! Find a safe exit. Get away quickly. Use a piece of cloth to cover your mouth and nose.	Take a lift.
Have an earthquake	Stay calm. Follow the teachers’ instructions. Move      under the desk.	Jump     windows. Run out.
Be on the street	Wait for the green traffic light. Look left and right before you      the street.	Run acrossthe street.
While	Wash fruits and vegetables    . Check the expiration dates.	Eat      food.
While at school	Look      yourself at any time.	Jump, run or push while going upstairs or downstairs.