初中英语语言知识阅读理解

Do you know what makes lightning（闪电）？Why does lightning strike（击打）？

Lightning strikes happen when ice and water in clouds rub（摩擦）together， and cause atmospheric（大气层的）changes． When this happens， it creates a static charge（静电）．Lightning can strike inside the cloud， between two clouds or between a cloud and Earth． It's the last kind of strike that is the most dangerous for humans．

Lightning can be very dangerous． Every year， lightning kills people because it can start big fires or because it reaches a temperature of 28， 000 C． About l， 000people are hit by lightning every year in the United States， and about 100of them die as a result．

Lightning makes people shocked， and it happens all over the world! Scientists think that there are more than three million lightning strikes every day in the world﹣that's thirty strikes every second（秒）． An American mant Roy Sullivan， who worked in a park， survivedfrom the most lightning strikes． Between 1942and 1983， he was hit seven times! And he keeps the highest world record．

Lightning is sure not something to play with． When lightning strikes， it's best to stay inside a large building． To stay safe， do not stand under trees， on hills or near water． Also， do not lie down on the ground， or the electricity may go through you and cause a heart problem．

（1）Lightning strikes 　 C 　．

A．	happen thirty times each day
B．	happen when there are big fires
C．	can reach a very high temperature
D．	can kill all those who work in a park

（2）What does the underlined word " survived" mean in Chinese？ 　 A 　

A．	幸存
B．	选择
C．	遇难
D．	失忆

（3）How many people hit by lightning die every year in America？ 　 C 　

A．	About 1000people．
B．	About 28，000people．
C．	About one tenth of people．
D．	About one fourth of people．

（4）Where's the safest place to stay when lightning strikes？ 　 D 　

A．	Under a tree．
B．	Near a river．
C．	On the top of a hill．
D．	Inside a building．

B

Yesterday morning I went to Liuhou Park by bike． While I was walking in the park， a young man stopped me and asked if I could take some photos for him． I was happy to help and took many beautiful photos for him． With many thanks， he said goodbye to me． However， a few minutes later， I found the young man had left his bag on the bench（长凳）． I thought he must forget to take it with him． So i decided to wait for him． Ten minutes later， the young man returned in a hurry． Seeing his bag in my hand， he was very happy． Then I gave the bag to him． He showed his gratitudeto me． When I left， he thanked me again．

What a great pleasure it was to help others!

根据短文内容，选择最佳的答案，并在答题卡上将其字母标号涂黑．

（1）Yesterday morning I went to Liuhou Park 　　．

A．	on foot
B．	by bike
C．	by bus

（2）A young man asked me if I could 　　for him．

A．	take some photos
B．	draw a picture
C．	sing a song

（3）The young man left his 　　on the bench．

A．	hat
B．	umbrella
C．	bag

（4）Ten 　　later， the young man returned in a hurry．

A．	minutes
B．	hours
C．	days

（5）The underlined word"gratitude"in Paragraph means 　　in Chinese．

A．	情感
B．	感激
C．	看法

Sometimes you get so angry that you feel like you are going to burst! It may seem like your anger （生气，发怒） will be the boss of you． What can you do to control your anger and how to keep yourself and others healthier and safer？ Here are some ideas to help you．

   • Take a deep breath before your heart slows down again．

   • Count from I to 10slowly in your mind before you open your mouth． Then count another 10． Think about what to do or say before making a choice．

   • Walk away from the place that makes you angry． Go somewhere else until you've thought about what you can do．

   • Use your words to tell your feelings． Don't hurt anyone with your hands or feet．

   • Say what you feel in a low voice， not in a loud voice．

Sometimes you need to do something to let those angry feelings out． For example， doing a chore that you hate is a very good idea． It can get rid of （消除） your anger and you can feel better when that chore has been done． In this way， you will make anger become something useful．

根据短文内容，选择最佳选项，将其标号在答题卡上涂黑．

（1）What's the Chinese meaning of the underlined word "burst" in this passage？ 　　

A．	绽放
B．	爆炸
C．	分隔
D．	闯入

（2）What will happen if you are the boss of your anger？ 　　

A．	You can burst．
B．	You can shout loudly．
C．	You can keep calm．
D．	You can be dangerous．

（3）How many numbers should you count to control yourself before making a choice？ 　　

A．	10
B．	20
C．	30
D．	40

（4）What's the best title of this passage？ 　　

A．	How to control your anger？
B．	Don't hurt anyone with your hands．
C．	Do some chores that you hate．
D．	How to make a good choice？

Actress Jiang Yiyan has spent around a month a year volunteering as a teacher in mountainous villages in Guangxi for nine years in a row（连续）．

   In 2007， when she took part in film shooting in that area， she was shocked by the poverty （贫穷） there． Children had to walk along mountainous roads to attend classes at a neighbouring village school． So she came up with the idea of doing something for these children．

   Besides giving classes， Jiang also plays games with children and sings songs for them． And she cares much for their daily life． Moreover， shedonated billion yuan to set up a fund （基金） for students there．

   "Like the grass in stone clefts（裂缝）， they have to try their best to find sunshine on their own rather than waiting for others to do it for them，" Jiang said．

   When asked how she persistedin her volunteer services for such a long time， Jiang said， " I'm not persisting but enjoying．"

   "It's not that I gave these kids love． I am actually learning about love．" Jiang added． To enjoy and share love is seen as the most important thing in her life．

   At the same time， children in the big mountains have also influenced Jiang．

   "Whenever I meet with something difficult to do， I'll think of these kids． Born in the kind of environment， they have to learn to face a lot of difficult things from birth． So， why can't I？" said Jiang．

（1）Jiang Yiyan spends 　　as a teacher in mountainous villages in Guangxi．

A．	a day a week
B．	a day a month
C．	a week a month
D．	a month a year

（2）When did Jiang Yiyan come up with the idea of doing something for the children there？__ 　　

A．	In 1987．
B．	In 1997．
C．	In 2007．
D．	In 2017．

（3）What does the underlined word " persisted" mean in Chinese？ 　　

A．	放弃
B．	坚持
C．	拒绝
D．	宽容

（4）What's the most important thing in Jiang Yiyan's life？ 　　

A．	To set up a fund．
B．	To enjoy and share love．
C．	To take part in film shooting．
D．	To learn to face a lot of difficult things from birth．

（5）The best title of this passage is " 　　"．

A．	The Children's Poverty
B．	The Mountainous Roads
C．	The Grass in Stone Clefts
D．	A kind and helpful Actress

Not only kids of Tiger Moms go to Harvard．

    Dawn Loggins of Lawndale，N．C．is on her way to Harvard，one of the eight world﹣famous universities in the eastern US．Nobody encouraged her to study or paid for her special classes．This girl created her own future．

    The teen was abandonedby her family last summer，when her parents and two sisters moved to Tennessee．She found herself homeless and had to spend the night on friends'sofas．

    The school bus driver learned about Dawn's situation and invited Dawn to move in with her family．Soon，Dawn had a job at Burns High School．She worked from 6 a．m．to 7：40 a．m．before the first school bell rang．She swept floors and picked up trash again in the afternoons，before diving（跳水）into her studies in the evenings．

    Dawn's hard work paid off．She finished school with a 3.9 GPA and scored 2，110 on the SAT．

"There were times when I felt like it would be easiest if I gave up，"the 18﹣year﹣old said．"But it was never in me to give up，because I realized that I was never going to be successful unless I got an education．"

    Even before Dawn's family left her，she led a difficult life．Her family was poor and cups of noodles were often the only food．Dawn"studied by candlelight"because her parents couldn't afford to pay the electricity bill（电费）．

    Dawn has now reconnected with her family．They are proud of her accomplishments（成就） and are attending her high school graduation．

根据材料内容选择最佳答案．

（1）Why didn't Dawn give up her studies？ 　　

A．	To reconnect with her family．
B．	To thank those who had helped her．
C．	To get an education to be successful．
D．	To realize her dream of going to Harvard．

（2）Who helped Dawn when she found herself homeless？ 　　

A．	Her teachers．
B．	Her neighbors．
C．	A Tiger Mom．
D．	A school bus driver．

（3）What does the underlined word"abandoned"mean in Chinese？ 　　

A．	宠爱
B．	抛弃
C．	鼓励
D．	虐待

（4）Which of the following words describes Dawn？ 　　

A．	Open﹣minded．
B．	Good﹣natured．
C．	Strong﹣willed．
D．	Warm﹣hearted

（5）What is the best title for the text？ 　　

A．	Another Harvard girl．
B．	A girl in candlelight．
C．	From homeless to Harvard．
D．	The role of Tiger Moms．

Have you ever seen the movie Big Hero 6？Baymax（大白）is a main character in the movie．He's a friendly big robot that looks after people's health．If there is a robot like Baymax in our real life，people will get more benefits．The robot will be especially helpful in caring for the old．The health of old people needs greater monitoringand care．

Scientists in America are now working to make Baymax a reality（现实）．Actually，they have already produced some health care robots．These robots provide brain video games to improve people's memory．The games can help the old remember things for longer．Besides，these robots provide special apps（应用程序）to help the old manage their health at home．The apps can check the old people's heart rate（心率）and tell them to take their medicine on time．The apps can also record their daily activities．Such collected information helps doctors discover the cause of an illness faster and more correctly．But the health care robots aren't as clever as Baymax yet．

Nowadys，scientists are working on improving the health care robots．They hope the robots can produce electricity by walking across the floor．If they succeed，batteries will not be needed．They also hope the robots can communicate with humans in the daily life so as to make people happier and healthier．

Scientists are trying to realize these dreams．Like Baymax，these health care robots may save people's lives in the future．We are looking forward to them．

根据短文内容选择最佳答案．

46．The underlined word" monitoring"in the passage means" 　　"in Chinese．

A．	监测
B．	娱乐
C．	危险

47．According to the passage，Baymax is 　　．

A．	a friendly small robot that looks after people's health
B．	as clever as the health care robots in real life
C．	a main character in the movie Big Hero 6

48．In the passage，the health care robots that have been produced by scientists 　　．

A．	can't improve people's memory
B．	can communicate with humans in the daily life
C．	can help the old manage their health at home

49．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ 　　．

A．	Nowadays the health care robots can produce electricity by walking across the floor．
B．	Both the doctors and the old who use the health care robots can get help from them．
C．	The health care robots can provide video games to check a person's heart rate．

50．What is the passage mainly about？ 　　

A．	It's mainly about the movie Big Hero 6．
B．	It's mainly about the health care robots．
C．	It's mainly about the importance of health．

Rainforests （雨林） are in danger．They are disappearing quickly．For years，people have been Cutting down rest to make room for farms and roads

Many groups are working to save rainforests．The World Wildlife Fund （WWF） is one of those groups．It works to protect animals and their habitats around the world．A habitatsis a place in nature where animals and plants live．

"Rainforests are important．They have more plants and animals in them than any other habitat in the world，"says Barney Long，who works for WWE．"We help the local people use the forest in a right way．We also work to stop people from cutting down the trees illegally （非法地）．"

Kids Saving The Rainforest （KSTR） is another group．It was started in Manuel Antonio，Costa Rice by two school children，Janine Licare and Aisin Livingstone，and Janine's mother，Jennifer

Rice．In 1998，the girls，when they were only 9years old，sold painted rocks at a roadside table．They hoped to raise money to save the rainforests and Titi monkeys of the Manuel Antonio area One year later，they opened the KSTR store to raise money．Today，the successful store sells not only children's artworks，but also the works of the local artists．

根据短文内容，选择最住答案．

66．Why are rainforests disappearing quickly？ 　　

A．	Because people have been cutting down trees．
B．	Because there are too many earthquakes in rainforests．
C．	Because too many tourists go to visit rainforests．
D．	Because there are too many animals in rainforests．

67．The underlined word"habitats"in Paragraph 2means" 　　．

A．	殖民地
B．	栖息地
C．	军事基地
D．	旅游胜地

68．How many people started KSTR？ 　　

A．	TWO
B．	Three．
C．	Four．
D．	Five．

69．What docs the KSTR store sell？ 　　

A．	A Vegetables．
B．	Tools
C．	Artworks．
D．	Clothes．

70．What's the best title （标题） of the passage？ 　　

A．	Rainforests around the world．
B．	Animals living in rainforests．
C．	The importance of rainforests．
D．	Groups saving rainforests．

It is most difficult for parents to decide whether to have a sencond child or not．

It is often heard that a single child is like to be a lonely child．There are no other children in the family for the child to talk or play with．An only child is not able to get along well with children of his age．Some parents regretted making the decisions to have only one child．

But the number of parents choosing to have only one child is increasing in many parts of the world．In the US，for example，more than 14 percent of women between 18 and 34 plan to have just one child．The same can be seen in the UK．In Japan the average number of children born per family had gone down to 1.42 by 1996．

For some single﹣child parents，especially who are busy working every day，time and energy seem to be overwhelming．They don't have enough time and energy to share with more children．For other people，money is their first consideration．Many couples in Japan choose not to have large families as the cost of supporting a child up to the age of 18 reaches around US﹩160，000．

66．According to the passage，why is a single child likely to be lonely？ 　　

A．	Because his parents don't love him
B．	Because he doesn't have holidays
C．	Because he doesn't have a brother or a sister to talk or play with．
D．	Because there are other children in the family

67．What do people not think about when they choose to have a second child？ 　　．

A．	time
B．	energy
C．	money
D．	food

68．What does the underlined word" overwhelming"mean in the last paragraph？ 　　

A．	压倒一切的
B．	宽松的
C．	流行的
D．	充足的

69．Which of the following is true according to the passage？ 　　

A．	It is not easy to make a decision to have a second child．
B．	Many couples in Japan love to have large families．
C．	All parents feel confident（自信的）about having a second child
D．	Less than 14% of women in the UK plan to have just one child．

70．Parents choose not to have a second child because 　　．

A．	The cost of supporting a child is so high．	B．
C．	Parents are too busy working every day to share their time and energy with more children．	D．
E．	Some parents regretted making the decisions to have only one child．	F．
G．	Both A and	H．

We all enjoy the delicious dish like potatoes with beef or potato chips．You can find the potatoes in a lot of popular food．

Potatoes are going to become China's fourth staple（ 主食）food after rice，wheat and corn．China is the world's largest producer of potatoes．But only some of them are eaten every year，far below the numbers of the United States and European countries．China is planning to have 100million mu to grow potatoes by 2020，according to the speech of the Ministry of Agriculture on Feb.23，2016．

In the future，Chinese people will be able to eat bread，noodles

and other foods that are made of potatoes．

A Beijing Nevus article pointed out that potatoes could not only make grain supply safer．but also harm the environment less．Potatoes need less water to grow．They can grow well in

dry weather and even grow on poor land．Also，potato flour can be stored for over 15years．but one year for rice and three years for wheat．

Potatoes are called"the second bread"．They have most of the vitamins（ 维生素）people need．"Potatoes are low in fat and calories（卡路里），but they have good protein．These satisfy

the people in a healthy diet，"a food expert said．

Potatoes have long been a staple food in western countries．One delicious potato dish in Ireland is boxy pancake．People in the UK like jacket potatoes．In the United States，French fries are often found in American fast food shops．

56．What is going to become China's fourth staple food？ 　　

A．	Rice．
B．	Wheat．
C．	Po ta toes．
D．	Corn．

57．From the passage we know people in the Us eat more potatoes than those in 　　

A．	Japan
B．	China
C．	Canada
D．	European countries

58．Why are potatoes chosen to become the staple food？ 　

A．	They need much water to grow．
B．	They won't be able to grow on poor land．
C．	They are rich in most of the vitamins people need．
D．	The potato flour can't be stored more than 15years．

59．What does the underlined word"protein"mean？ 　　

A．	脂肪
B．	热量
C．	蛋白质
D．	钙质

60．One delicious potato dish in the UK is 　　

A．	jacket potatoes
B．	French fries
C．	boxy pancake
D．	potatoes with beef．

C

    Here is a story：A man sees a butterfly（蝴蝶）．The butterfly tries to get out of its chrysalis（蛹）．

Feeling sorry for it，the man decides to help．He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily．Surprisingly enough，the butterfly is unable to fly．If the butterfly doesn't struggle（挣扎；奋斗） to leave

the chrysalis，it can't fly!The struggle develops the energy in the butterfly which makes it fly．Similarly，the challenges of life bring out the best in young people and make the fly．

    When people are young，meeting and overcoming challenges will make them strong and ready to face

life．When we look at successful people，we see that the most successful of them are people who have

had to struggle．One famous businessman，who now owns many big supermarkets，used to carry clothes on his back and sell them from door to door when he was young．Another successful man is Dennis．His father died when he was only twenty．His father's death forced him to maturefast．He had to bring

up a family of nine people．He took up the challenges and overcame them．Today his brothers and sisters are leading successful lives．

    Sometimes challenges do not appear to us because we keep away from them．So some parents and teachers actively encourage young people to face challenges．They might organize some activities for young people which provide them with challenges，like rock﹣climbing，camping，volunteer work and so on．However，just passing exams will not prepare a person for life．We must meet and overcome challenges．The young people of today will become the leaders of tomorrow．For countries to continue to become successful，it is important that the young people learn to meet challenges and overcome them．

56．From the story we know that the butterfly can't fly because 　　．

A．	it gets out by itself
B．	the man feels sorry for it
C．	it tries to challenge itself
D．	the man helps it come out

57．Dennis's example shows that successful people should 　　．

A．	overcome the difficulties
B．	take up business early
C．	become the leaders of tomorrow
D．	sell clothes from door to door

58．The meaning of the underlined word"mature"in the passage is" 　　"．

A．	wake up
B．	give up
C．	grow up
D．	bring up

59．What is the writer trying to do in this passage？ 　　

A．	Describe where a butterfly comes from．
B．	Encourage young people to face challenges．
C．	Suggest how to become a successful businessman．
D．	Explain what will happen if a person fails the exam．
E．	60．What is the best title for this passage？

A．	Successful People Have a Sense of Achievement
B．	Young People Must Develop Their Energy Actively
C．	Countries Should Continue to Become Successful
D．	Challenges of Life Bring Out the Best in Young People．

Smoke fills the sky．The day is as dark as night．Heat makes it hard to breathe （呼吸）．This is thwart world of a wildfire fighter（消防员）！

Wildfires are a part of nature．But，as one firefighter says．"Fire is not a problem．People living near fire﹣that's the problem．"A wildfire can destroy （毁坏）everything in its way．But there are ways to fight it．

By air Smokejumpers （空降森林灭火员）are often the first firefighters to reach a fire．To get closer，they jump from a plane．They are especially important when the area is difficult to walk to．If smokejumpers can't stop a fire in 24 hours，other firefighters join them．This second group drops water on the fire from an airplane．

On the land

On the ground，firefighters work together to stop the fire．First，one group digs a fire line．This is a long deep ditch （沟）．It is difficult for the fire to cross this line．

Then，while those firefighters dig，others start a backfire （回火）．They burn the dry grass and leaves between the wildfire and the fire line．When the wildfire comes，there is nothing for it to use as fuel ．

Other firefighters cut down dead trees．That way the fire can't move to other trees．Firefighters risk their lives to keep people safe．Their job takes hard work，and it takes courage．

53．The underlined phrase" use as fuel"means 　　．

A．

drop

B．

fire

C．

burn

D．

live

54．When the firefighter says，"Fire is not a problem．People living near fire﹣that's the problem，"what does he mean？ 　　

A．	Fire is natural，but it's dangerous to people living near it．
B．	Fires in forests are not a big problem，but fires in cities are．
C．	Fighting fires should be the job of people living near fires．
D．	Putting out fires in cities is always a problem for firefighters．

55．According to the passage，which of the following statements is wrong？ 　　

A．	Smokejumpers are often the last firefighters to reach a fire．
B．	The firefighters dig a fire line to stop the fire crossing the line．
C．	The firefighters start a backfire by burning the dry grass and leaves．
D．	Some firefighters cut down dead trees so that the fire can't move to other trees．

56．The writer wants to 　　．

A．	explain why fire is not a problem
B．	show us how fires destroy everything
C．	tell us how firefighters fight wildfires
D．	teach us how to be a good firefighter．