In China， the 12th month of the lunar calendar（阴历） is called Layue． The month is full of interesting festivals and customs．
Laba Festival， which is on the 8th day of Layue， is the first festival in this month． From this day on， people begin to get ready for the Chinese New Year．
On Laba Festival， people eat hot Laba porridge． There are usually eight things in the porridge： rice， red beans， peas， dried lotus seeds， dates， and three different kinds of fruits and nuts． The porridge is not just good for your health， but a blessing for the coming of Chinese New Year．
Laba porridge is not the only tasty food in Layue． Laba garlic（腊八蒜） is popular in the north． People begin to soak garlic in vinegar from that day on， and eat it with dumplings during the Chinese New Year． While in the south， people like making sausages．
Another major celebration before Spring Festival is Xiaonian． It is usually on the 23rd or 24th day of the last lunar month． Traditionally it is an important day when people offer sacrifices to the Kitchen God who looks after the family．
Don't forget to clean your home． This is also an important thing to do to prepare for the Chinese New Year． It means sweeping away the dust of the old year and welcoming a fresh start． Now， the last thing for you to do is to wait for the coming Spring Festival．
（1）When is Laba festival？
（2）What do people often eat on Laba Festival？
（3）Is Laba garlic popular in the south？
（4）What do people do on Xiaonian？
（5）Why do people clean their homes before the Spring Festival？
Once upon a time there was a blackbird that lived in a cherry （樱桃）tree outside my window． Every day the blackbird would sing and sing． When I ate my breakfast， the blackbird ate his breakfast． When I ate my lunch， the blackbird ate his lunch． When I ate my dinner， the blackbird ate his dinner． The blackbird always ate the cherries off the cherry tree outside my window．
One day， Mother was gong to make a cherry pie． We picked all the cherries off the cherry tree． When it was baked， she put the pie by the window to cool off． While I was eating my breakfast， I saw the blackbird fly around the tree． But there were no cherries on the tree． He flew in through the window to sit by me then over to the window by the pie． I smiled． The blackbird looked at me and smiled， too． He said " I 'll have my pie without ice cream! " And with that， the blackbird took the pie under his wing and flew out of the window． I rushed out of the house and saw the blackbird eating the pie! Soon ， the whole pie was gone． We looked at each other and smiled．
76． Where did the blackbird live？ （ No more than 8words）
77．What did the blackbird have for his meal？（No more than 2words）
78．What did the writer and his/her mother do before making a pie？ ？（No more than 5words）
79．Why did the writer's mother put the pie by the window？ （No more than 4words）
80．Who ate the whole pie？ （No more than 2words）
When it comes to the letter grade on your test or homework， you might notice that there is no letter E． Have you ever thought about why that is so？
In the A， B， C， D and F grading system， the first four letters are typically considered passing grades． An F in this system simply stands for"fail"．The word"fail"happens to start with the letter F， which seems to leave out the letter E． The fact of the matter is that any letter can mean "not﹣passing" or "fail"．Some schools have U grade for"unsatisfactory"，or I grade for "incomplete"．
Even with all this said， we should also point out that E grade actually has been used pretty commonly throughout the history of letter grades in the US．
The first college in the US to use a letter grading system like the ones we use today is Mount Holyoke College． In 1897，they began to use the following grading scale：
A： 95﹣100%（excellent）
B： 85﹣94%（good）
C： 76﹣84%（fair）
D： 75%（barely passed）
E： below 75%（failed）
We can see the inclusion of E instead of F．
Gradually，the letter grading system became more popular throughout the US． However， many schools decided to drop the E grade and go straight to F．There is no evidence（证据） to really support this，but one possible explanation is that teachers were worried that some students and parents might mistake E for "excellent"．
Why do we have letter grades？ Well，part of the reason is that they made grading simpler during a time of great change for schools． As the 20th century began，growing cities and an increase in immigration led to larger school classrooms． Most teachers at that time thought this new letter grading system was an easy，fair and clear way to grade students．
Today，more and more people argue that letter grades don't fully reflect（反映） student learning．However，as teachers try to improve grading methods，many parents continue to favor the letter grades they got as kids．They are familiar（熟悉） and easy for parents to understand． So while they might not be perfect， the letter grades probably aren't going away any time soon．
（1）what does an F stand for in the A、B、C、D and F grading system？
（2）when was the letter grading system first used in the US college？
（3）what is one possible explanation for dropping the E grade？
（4）what did most teachers think of the letter grading system in the 20th century？
（5）why do many parents still prefer the letter grades today？
A young officer was teaching some old soldiers （士兵）．They had been in the army for many years and did not like officers， young or old．
They did，not think this young officer could tell them anything about how to fight in a war．
Jones was nearly sixty years old and had fought in many wars．
"Imagine you are in a war，the young officer said to him． "You see seven hundred enemy soldiers coming towards you． What do you do？"
Jones thought for a short time，then he said，"I shoot them all with my rifle （步枪）"，
"Now imagine there are seven hundred enemy soldiers coming towards you from the left， the young officer said， uand seven hundred enemy soldiers coming to you from the right． What do you do？""I shoot them wth my rifle，" Jones told him．
" OK" the young officer went on， trying to get the answer he wanted． "But if there are a thousand enemy soldiers coming at you from the right， a thousand coming at you from the left， and another thousand coming straight towards you． What do you do now？"
"I shoot them with my rifle" Jones replied．
"But where are you getting all the bullets （子弹）from？" the young officer asked in a loud voice， Jones smiled， From the same place you are getting all those enemy soldiers．
66． What was tlie young officer doing？
67． Why didn't the old soldiery like officers？
68．How old was Jones？
69． What did Jones do when all the enemy soldiers came towards him？
70． Where was Jones getting the bullets from？
Simon， a 28﹣year﹣old German student， rode 5，800 kilometers in China for his trip blog （博客）． He wanted to learn about the Chinese Dream．
"What's your Chinese Dream？" This is the question he asked every stranger he met on his 100﹣day trip．
Simon came to China for the first time in 2011． After a year in China， he was able to speak Chinese． Because of his interest in Chinese culture， he went to Zhejiang University in 2017．
Simon learned "Chinese Dream" in 2013， and now it has become one of the hottest words in China． To learn the true meaning of it among Chinese people， he started his trip in May 2018．
Simon believes that riding across China is natural．And it is also environmentally friendly（环保的）．During his trip， he found that people in the cities usually follow their hearts． What's more， older generation （一代） of Chinese cares more about social stability （社会的稳定） but the young generation cares more about education and environment．
"People look for their ways to make their dreams come true． They all believe that a strong country is the most important．" Simon said．
（1）Where did Simon ride for his trip blog？
（2）How long did it take him to ride across China？
（3）What does Simon think of his riding across China？
（4）What do young people in China think more about according to Simon？
（5）Do Chinese think it's important to make their country strong？
A man stopped at a flower shop to order some flowers to be posted to his mother，who lived two hundred miles away．
As he got out of his car，he noticed a young girl standing on the road sobbing（哭泣）．He asked her what was wrong and she replied，"I want to buy a red rose for my mother and I don't have enough money．"The man smiled and said，"Come with me，I'll buy you a rose．"He bought the little girl her rose and ordered his own mother's flowers．
As they were leaving he offered the girl a ride home．She said，"Yes，please!You can take me to my mother．"She asked him to take her to a new grave （墓地），where she placed the rose．
The man returned to the flower shop，canceled（取消）the post order，picked up the flowers and drove the two hundred miles to his mother's house．
76．Where did the man's mother live？（No more than 6 words）
77．Why did the girl sob？（No more than 10 words）
78．Who bought the rose for the girl？（No more than 2 words）
79．Where did the girl put the rose？（No more than 4 words）
80．How did the man give the flowers to his mother at last？（No more than 9 words） ．
My work allows me to live in different countries． Reading books helps me to connect with my friends， family and my home country， the UK． Here are some books that I read a lot．
Daddy Long Legs
This book is about the story of a young girl， Judy， who goes to university and gets lots of new experiences． This book always makes me think of my mother because she used to read it to me when I was ill in bed．
Harry Potter
I'm sure many of you know Harry Potter books! I have read them many times since primary school． I really get lost in the stories． These days I'm reading them again in Germany．
The Railway Children
这是我最喜爱的书之一It was a gift for my 13th birthday from my best friend， so it still strongly makes me think of my childhood． It is about three children and their adventures（冒险经历）next to a railway．
（1）从文中找出与下面所给句子意思相同的句子．
I can live in different countries because of my work．
（2）回答问题：
When did the writer's mother read the book to him？
（3）将文中划线的英语句子译成汉语． __
（4）将文中划线的汉语句子译成英语．
（5）回答问题：
What does the underlined word "It" in the last sentence refer to（指的是）？
There are plenty of myths（神话） to explain how the world came to have a moon to bring light to the night time． But now there is a plan for a man﹣made moon． It will give us much more light than the natural Moon．
China is preparing to put a man﹣made moon in the sky above Chengdu by the end of 2020．It will reflect sunlight back onto the Earth． If it succeeds， three more such objects will be sent out in 2022，according to Wu Chunfeng， a space scientist． Wu said it would be similar to how we get moonlight， but he predicted（预言） that the man﹣made moon would have eight times the brightness of the real one．
This is because the object will be about 500 kilometers above the Earth． That will make it much closer to us than the moon， which is over 380 ，000 kilometers away，Wu added．
If the plan works， the man﹣made moon will save a lot of power．Scientist predicted that Chengdu could save around 1.2 billion yuan in electricity every year if a new moon lit up 50 square kilometers of the city．And in 2022 ， four man﹣made moons can take turns reflecting sunlight as they will not always be in the best position relative to the Sun． Together， they can give light to an area of up to 6 ，400 square kilometers on the Earth for 24 hours．That means its brightness will be seen in most areas in China，so reducing the need for streetlights．
（1）Which country is preparing to put a man﹣made moon in the sky above Chengdu by the end of 2020？
．
（2）What does Wu Chunfeng do？
．
（3）How far is it from the Moon to the Earth？
．
（4）Will it reduce the need for streetlights if the plan of man﹣made moons succeed？
．
（5）What do you think of this plan ？
．
In 1988，Wang Chengbang retired（退休）from the army.Instead of enjoying a relaxing life，he volunteered to save the soil from desertification（沙漠化）by planting trees in Korla，Xinjiang.
It is no easy job.The high temperature in Korla makes it difficult for anyone to work day after day in the sunshine.Besides，water is a big problem.In fact，Wang Chengbang's work in the first few years failed as very few trees survived（存活）.
But Wang Chengbang would not give up."After trying many different ways，I have learned how to grow young trees in a better way，" said Wang Chengbang.He also worked out new ways to save water.With his hard work，more and more trees have survived.So far，he has planted more than 1.5 million trees.Those green trees prevent desertification，make the air cleaner and protect people from the hot sun.Now，Korla is a model city in environmental protection.
Wang Chengbang is also successful in fighting cancer（癌症）.In 2005，he had cancer and was told that he had only six months to live.However，he continued taking care of his trees rather than lying on the hospital bed."Working is the best medicine.Planting trees helps to fight cancer，" he often jokes.
Now，at the age of 85，Wang Chengbang is still working.
（1）Is it an easy job for Wang Chengbang to plant trees？
（2）How many trees has Wang Chengbang planted so far？
（3）What is Wang Chengbang successful in？
（4）In the summer holiday，do you want to be a volunteer to work with Wang Chengbang？Why or why not？
A Pioneer for all People
Though he was one of China's most famous scientists，Yuan Longping considered himself a farmer，because he worked the land to do his research.
Known as "Father of Hybrid Rice （杂交水稻）"，Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural （农业的） College in 1953.From then on，finding ways to grow more rice was his life goal.As a young man，he saw the great need for increasing the rice production.At that time，hunger was a serious problem in many parts of the countryside.Dr Yuan searched for a way to get more rice with the same size of the fields.In 1974，he became an agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has high production and that is called super hybrid rice.In the 1980s，he went around the world and gave advice about growing rice to farmers in other countries.In 2004，he won the World Food Prize for his work.
Dr Yuan was quite satisfied with his life.He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.He enjoyed playing the violin，swimming and reading.Spending money on himself meant very little to him，so he gave millions of yuan to help some researchers with their research in farming.
Long ago Dr Yuan had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum （高粱） .With his hard work，he grew the rice that could feed more people.President Xi Jinping praised him for his great contributions （贡献） to China's food safety and world corn development.
Answer the questions according to the passage. （必须使用完整语句作答）
（1）Why did Dr Yuan consider himself a farmer？
（2）What is Dr Yuan known as？
（3）When did Dr Yuan win the World Food Prize？
（4）How did Dr Yuan help other researchers？
（5）What did Dr Yuan make contributions to according to President Xi Jinping？
Have you seen advertisements about hair care products？The models（模特） have shining hair like jewels（宝石）．But now making hair shine is no longer the task of hair care products，because hair can be made into real jewels．Believe it or not，a company called LifeGem in the US makes it possible．
The company is in the business of taking hair from dead people and making them into diamonds（钻石）．Now the company plans to make three diamonds using Beethoven's hair to show their latest technology．The work will take about 7months．In the end，Beethoven's long hair will become three shining diamonds．
Since the great musician died in 1827，you may wonder where they got Beethoven's hair．A man called John Reznikoff gave the hair to the company．He holds the Guinness World Record for the latest and most valuable collection of celebrity（名人） hair．His collection also includes hair of Napoleon，Albert Einstein，Abraham Lincoln and John F．Kennedy．In total，the collection is worth over five million dollars．
Though it sounds unbelievable，diamonds made with hair are for the families to remember the dead．
Answer the questions according to the passage．
76．What does the company of LifeGem do？
77．How did the company get Beethoven's hair？
78．John Reznikoff doesn't collect Albert Einstein's hair，does he？
79．How long will the work take？
80．What are the diamonds made with hair for？
．
In Chengdu， tea culture has developed into the Chengdu﹣featured （特色的） tea house culture．There is a saying about Chengdu tea houses ：You could see more tea houses than sunny days． Why can the tea house Chengdu catch so much eyesight？It is because of their many different functions （功能）： for relaxing ，meetings，as well as entertainment．
Chengdu tea houses are often decorated （装饰） with bamboo desks and bamboo chairs Chengdu people love tea houses， because they love chatting They often gather together in a crowded tea house， and drink tea when chatting In their free time，they often have a cup of tea and cake， watch actors performing traditional arts， talk and laugh with people in the tea house， which could be true joy of life．
The soft wind is fled with tea's smell． The teas they use usually jasmine green teas，Dragon Well，and Biluochun． They use northern Gaiwan as tea sets （larger than Gongfu Gaiwan）．Gaiwan is made up of three parts： the lid， the cup and the Saucer （茶碟）．When the tea service master pours water into the Gaiwan，you will see the water filling from the air into Gaiwan ，with a lively sound．In a moment， water stops．Then look at the Gaiwan． The water in it is just right at the level of the Gaiwan's mouth， with a simple drip （水满）on the desk．This is a unique （独特的）skill，as well as an art．
No matter where you are in Chengdu， in a quiet park or in a busy street， you can see those featured tea houses．They have fair price and good service． People can stay there for half a day，having only a cup of tea and little snacks． In the talks of friends and neighbors， the colorful tea culture of Sichuan is fully expressed．
请务必将以下小题的答案写在相应位置!
（1）What are the functions of Chengdu tea houses？
（2）What are the desks and chairs in Chengdu tea houses made of？
（3）What's the difference between northern Gaiwan and Gongfu Galiwan？
（4）Who has the unique skill of pouring water in the tea houses？
（5）What's the passage mainly about？
Li Ziqi won Person of the Year in the category of cultural influence（年度文化传播人物）in 2019． She is famous for her videos in which she does the work of a farmer． She owns a great number of fans on social media platforms（社交媒体平台）all over the world．
Li grew up with her grandparents in the countryside of Sichuan province． When she was 14， she went to the city in search of work， but she decided to return to the countryside in 2012 to take care of her grandmother． Four years later， she began to film her life there．
"When I worked in the city， it was about survival，" Li said． "Now when I work in the countryside， feel like I'm truly living．"
Li's videos record her and her grandmother's daily lives in their simple home． She is often seen preparing delicious meals for her grandmother using basic materials and traditional skills．
"I simply want people in the city to know where their food comes from，" Li explained． "I also want people to relax and experience something nice by watching my videos after a busy day．"
Li's videos show her fans a wonderful world． Many of the skills she shows are based on real﹣world knowledge and those skills come from real wish for the pastoral ideal（田园式理想生活）．
"My videos can be so popular among people because they love Chinese culture very much．" Li said．
根据上面短文的内容回答问题（每个小题答案不超过6个单词）
（1）Where did Li Ziqi grow up？
（2）In which year did she begin to film her life？
（3）Does Li Ziqi enjoy working in the countryside？
（4）What do Li's videos record？
（5）In Li's opinion， why do people like her videos？
When Dr． Karen McComb came to Amboseli Park， her first task was to learn the names of the one hundred or so elephants most often seen．
Scientists working in the park have learned to study elephants by watching them up close． They have a list of almost one thousand elephants． There are records for all of the elephants born since 1972． Amboseli was a good place for Dr． McComb to study animal communications． Elephants were a great subject because their lifestyle depends on communication．
Dr． McComb and her team had learned a lot about elephant communication， but they kept on thinking about one puzzling （困惑的） watch． Some families were better at distinguishing （区别） calls of friends from those of strangers．
What made some families smarter than others？ The scientists searched their records for an explanation． To their surprise， there was only one factor （因素） of importance： The "smartest" families always had the oldest grandmothers． A family， as it did in all other activities， waited for some signal （信号） from the grandmother when they heard a strange contact call． And older， more experienced grandmothers were better at telling whether other elephants were strangers or friends just by their calls．
That was an important discovery． It showed how an elephant family depends on the experience of the grandmother．
回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过5个词．
（1）How do scientists working in the park study elephants？
（2）What did Dr． McComb study？
（3）What did Dr． McComb and her team do for an explanation？
（4）Who does everyone in elephant families listen to？
（5）What does an elephant family depend on in all the activities？
阅读短文，然后根据短文内容简要回答下列问题．
What Parents Can Do to Keep Kids Safe |
In the School ◆Talk to your children about their day． Ask your children if they see anyone bullied（欺凌）， if they are bullied， or if anything else makes them feel uncomfortable． ◆Teach children to resolve problems without fighting． Explain that fighting could lead to them getting hurt， or hurting someone else． ◆Keep an eye on your children's Internet use． Talk to your children about what they do online﹣what sites they visit， who they email， and who they chat with． |
To and From School ◆Map out with your children a safe way for them to walk to school． ◆Teach children to follow traffic signals and rules when walking or biking． ◆Encourage children to walk to school with friends． ◆Teach children not to talk to strangers， go anywhere with them， or accept gifts from them without your permission． |
On the bus ◆Have your children arrive at the bus stop at least five minutes before the bus is scheduled to pick them up． ◆Make sure children know to stand on the sidewalk while waiting for the bus． ◆Teach children to make sure they can see the bus driver and the bus driver can see them before crossing in front of the bus． Tell them to never walk behind the bus． ◆Let them know that if they see someone being bullied， or are bullied themselves， they can talk to you， the bus driver， or another trusted adult． |
66． What is the passage about？
67． Can children resolve problems with fighting？
68． What should parents do when children use the Internet？
69． Who can children talk to on the way to school， friends or strangers？
70． Where should children stand while waiting for the bus？
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