初中英语阅读理解

阅读短文，根据短文信息完成文后表格，每空一词。（每小题1分 共10小题，满分10分）
The haze（雾霾）season is back. How much do you know about haze? Haze can also be called “Smog”. The word "smog" is from the words “smoke” and “fog”, it first appeared in the early 20th century, It is a kind of air pollution（污染）caused（导致）mostly by cars and factories.
Smog will do great harm（伤害）to your health, especially lungs（肺）.It can make you cough and cause skin and eye problems. It seems that we can do nothing to stop it, but only wait until the wind blows all the smog away. However, there are some easy ways to prevent it hurting you. Here are some of them.
1. Don’t do exercise in the open.
Exercising in the open makes you breathe（呼吸）deeply, and you will take in the particles（颗粒物）deep into your lungs.
2. Stay indoors and keep the air clean.
If you can, just stay in your room and keep the doors and windows closed. Remember to air your room twice a day, you can open the window at noon or at night for half an hour.
3. Wear a mask.
Paper and cotton masks can not help you in the haze weather. Some special masks, such as N95 masks, can keep you from breathing in the particles in the air.
4. Change your diet.
Scientists find that vitamin A, C and E can greatly help protect your eyes, nose and lungs.
So eat more green vegetables and fresh fruit everyday. What’s more, do not eat food with too much fat（脂肪），it’s bad for your lungs.
The haze weather
What is haze?
 

The haze weather
What is haze?	·It     smog, a kind of smoky and    weather. ·It is a kind pollution caused by cars and    .
What is the harm?	·It is    for our health.
to prevent the haze?	·Don’t    outside.
·Stay indoors as    as possible with the doors and windows closed. ·Remember to open the windows for a while to keep the clean.
·  a mask to prevent taking in the particles.
·Change your diet. Vitamins can make you healthy. So, please eat more vegetables and fruit and    meat.

 

Teeth are important. Strong , healthy teeth help you chew(咀嚼) foods that help you grow. They help you speak clearly. And yes ,they help you look best. Here are some tips for you to take care of you teeth:
1. Brush your teeth the right way.
Brush your teeth at least twice a day – after breakfast and before bedtime. If you can, brush after lunch or after sweet snacks, too. Brush all of your teeth, not just the front ones. Spend time brushing teeth along the sides and back of your mouth. Spend at least three minutes each time you brush. Play a song you like to help pass the time. Get a new toothbrush every three months. When you buy toothbrush, be sure it has soft bristles(鬃毛)．
2. Learn how to floss(用牙线剔牙) your teeth..
Flossing is a very important way to keep your teeth healthy. Food may hide between two teeth. Flossing can help get rid of it. You’ll need to floss your teeth at least once a day.
3. Have good eating habits.
You need to be careful about what you eat and drink. Eating sugar is a major cause of tooth decay(蛀牙). Eat lots of fruits and vegetables and drink water instead of soda（苏打）.
What is the major cause of tooth decay? ______

A．Not brushing teeth	B．Not changing toothbrush
C．Eating sugar	D．Not flossing teeth

How often should we change our toothbrushes?

A．never	B．three times a month
C．every three months	D．every month

The bristles of the toothbrush must be______

A．hard

B．soft

C．expensive

D．not mentioned

Which is the right way to take care of teeth? ______

A．Only brush front teeth.

B．Not brush teeth before sleeping.

C．Spend at most three minutes to brush teeth each time.

D．Eat lots of fruits and vegetables and drink water instead of soda.

You may have a house robot that can do housework for you. But is it so smart? Meet Laura, a robot in the National Library in Madrid, Spain, copying out the old books and writings in its collection. See Aurora, a headless dog-sized robot used to keep birds and other animals away at an Alaskan airport. Watch another 1.8 meter-tall legless robot called EveR6, waving its arms to guide musicians through a performance.

Those robots above require artificial intelligence（AI）（人工智能）. AI is a computer system（系统）that can understand languages, make decisions and solve problems. AI can be taught skills using a process called machine learning. Humans give AI information such as books, photos or videos to train it. The more information it studies, the better it can do its job.

________. For example, when you watch TV, AI is watching you. It’ll know what your favorite is and suggest similar ones. In hospitals, AI is very good at suggesting treatments and can even invent new medicines. To cut down food waste, some schools introduce online systems for the students to choose meals ahead of time. In cities, AI is used to watch out for cars that make black smoke. It works together with the police and transportation teams to stop them and keep the air clean. AI can help us fight climate（气候）change by finding clever ways to reduce energy use.

Some people worry that AI will take away a large number of jobs and also fear that AI could develop out of our control and bring danger to humans. However, AI is expected to be a more powerful production tool that will help humans achieve more in less time. It is believed that the flying car will be made to offer an easier way out of the morning traffic jam（交通堵塞）. Humans imagine AI might even find a way to solve the problems of our energy needs completely. Anyway, there is still a long journey for humans and AI.

（1）In which pictures can we see Aurora and EveR6?

A．

$a,c$

B．

$b,d$

C．

$b,c$

D．

$a,d$

（2）What BIG question does paragraph 2 answer?

A．	What is AI?	B．	Why are AI robots made?
C．	Where is AI used?	D．	How many AI robots are mentioned?

（3）Which of the following can be put in ________?

A．	AI will be developed rapidly	B．	Humans depend too much on AI
C．	Humans wonder if AI could think	D．	AI has become part of daily life

（4）In the future, AI is expected to be able to ________.

A．	suggest TV programs	B．	cut down food waste
C．	invent new medicines	D．	help produce enough energy

（5）What would the author write about after the last paragraph?

A．	The end of $AI$.	B．	The history of $AI$.
C．	The way to get along with $AI$.	D．	The skill of making $AI$ robots.

阅读下面三篇材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

________________ Have you ever felt uncomfortable with your stomach when you’re nervous or excited? This is because there is a close connection between your gut（消化道）and your brain. You have around 200 types of microbes（细菌）in your gut. Healthy microbes help your body fight illnesses and help your brain deal with stress. “So, take care of your gut,” a scientist says. ♥690
Stop anger with activities A new study aimed at 12,489 people has suggested that the key to reducing（减少）anger is not letting it out, but doing calming activities such as yoga. These activities could slow the heart rate（心率）. However, scientists also find some ball games and team sports, which are fun or playful, could reduce anger. ♥569
Show compassion Showing compassion means you understand others’ feelings and treat them with kindness. Scientists have discovered when you show compassion, your brain lets out a feel-good chemical（化学物质），which helps to reduce stress. It is reported that when other people see you showing compassion, they want to do it too. ♥943

（1）In which SECTION of the website can we read the news?

A．

$PEOPLE.$

B．

$HEALTH．$

C．

$FOOD．$

D．

$SPORTS.$

（2）The best heading for the first piece of news would be ________.

A．	Focus on your brain	B．	Problems with your stomach
C．	Look after your gut	D．	Microbes in your body

（3）What activities might reduce anger according to the new study?

①Crying.

②Basketball.

③Cooking.

④Deep breathing.

A．

①②

B．

③④

C．

①③

D．

②④

（4）It is believed that showing compassion can ________.

A．	develop your brain	B．	make people confident
C．	spread to others	D．	slow your heart rate

（5）What do the three pieces of news have in common?

A．	They help us make more friends.	B．	They show some research results.
C．	They are liked by 690 people.	D．	They teach us how to face stress.

More tigers are moving from Russia into northeastern China. This is because the environment is better for them to live in.

As human activities become less and the number of the wild animals is rising, tigers come to China for food.

Also, there is a cross-border corridor（跨境走廊）between China and Russia. It helps the tigers travel around freely. Data（数据）from a research team show that between 2013 and 2016, nearly 80 percent of the tigers moved across the corridor.

Besides, China started a number of projects to protect the tigers. As we all know, tigers need large areas to move around, so it’s important to build national parks. In 2021, the Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park was set up in Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province. It covers around 14,100 square kilometers. The national park creates a shared home for the animals. As a result, the number of the tigers has grown.

One more reason is that experts from China and Russia work together to research on tiger protection. Many volunteers go to protect tigers around the forests every year. It’s believed that there will be more tigers in the near future.

根据短文内容，判断下列句子正（T）、误（F）。

（1）Between China and Russia, there is a cross-border corridor.

（2）Nearly 90 percent of the tigers moved across the corridor between 2013 and 2016.

（3）It’s important to build the national parks because tigers need large areas to move around.

（4）The Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park was set up in 2023.

（5）Many volunteers go to protect tigers around the forests each year.

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺连贯，其中有两项是多余选项。

When winter comes, cranes migrate（迁徙）from northeast Siberia in Russia to Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province, China. （1） However, climate change has influenced the birds’ living conditions.

In some years, the Poyang Lake experiences floods, while in others, it experiences dry weather. （2）

To help deal with the problem, the local government has planted 70 hectares（公顷）of lotus roots（莲藕）in Nanchang. （3） The birds’ population has risen from about 3, 000 to more than 5,000 over the past 20 years.

Over the years, China has worked hard to protect migratory birds. Recently, 1,140 places in the country have been taken as important breeding（繁殖）grounds, wintering grounds and migratory stops. （4） They play a key role in cleaning water, preventing floods, and keeping the balance of the environment.

（5） The law sets rules to help manage wetlands. And it stops harmful activities, including giving out waste water. Thanks to these efforts, China has reported more birds wintering in the wetlands.

A. Most of them are wetlands. B. We need more people to count the birds. C. About 95% of the birds spend winter there. D. It’s important for us to do something to protect them. E. In this way, they provide food during the winter for the cranes. F. Both of these lead to the problem that there isn’t enough food for cranes. G. To protect wetlands, the Wetlands Protection Law was introduced on June 1, 2022.

阅读下列短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

What is a tsunami（海啸）? Tsunamis are often caused by earthquakes or volcanoes（火山）. The average speed（平均速度）of the waves（波浪）is 300 mph and the waves can last from five minutes to an hour.

What to do in a tsunami?

Firstly, when a strong earthquake is felt, leave the water at once, get to the shore（海岸）and go as far away as you can from the beach fast. If it allows, go to a higher ground.

Secondly, turn on the TV for news and weather report. They will tell you more about the tsunami.

Thirdly, get all members of your family together and let everyone know the tsunami is coming. Choose a place to stay together. Make sure the place is safe and as far away from the shore as possible. Bring emergency supplies（应急用品）when you have to leave your house.

At last, if you find a huge wave is coming, climb onto the roof of your house or on the highest point of the nearest building. Hold on to anything that’s strong enough. Climb a tree if you have to.

For a tsunami, the only way to survive（幸免于）it is to be prepared.

（1）When a tsunami comes, the waves will ________.

A．	go as quickly as 300 mph	B．	become stronger before the earthquake
C．	cause heavy rain	D．	last shorter and shorter

（2）How many suggestions are mentioned in this passage?

A．

Two.

B．

Three.

C．

Four.

D．

Five.

（3）When a tsunami is coming, your family had better ________.

A．	go to the beach together	B．	stay in a safe place together
C．	stay in your house	D．	put emergency supplies on a lower ground

（4）We should do the following when a tsunami is coming EXCEPT ________.

A．	listening to the weather report	B．	going to a low place to keep safe
C．	getting emergency supplies ready	D．	leaving the water as far away as you can

（5）What’s the best title of the passage?

A．	How to keep safe in the water	B．	What a tsunami is
C．	What to do after a tsunami	D．	How to survive a tsunami

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

We all know the sun is important. It makes life on our planet possible. But how does the sun do that? It’s the sun’s energy.

Energy from the sun is called solar energy（太阳能）. It comes in the form of light or heat. People have used solar energy for thousands of years. The sun’s energy can be used to heat water and even food. If you own a magnifying glass, your parents have probably warned you not to leave it in the sun. Solar energy can actually make the magnifying glass burn objects underneath it causing a fire. This type of energy from the sun is called solar thermal（热的）energy.

We can also turn the sun’s light into electricity. This is done with solar panels（板）. Solar panels are made up of a material called silicon（硅）. The silicon is heated and formed into very thin wafers（晶片）. When the sunlight hits the solar panel, the electrons in the silicon move and flow through wires（电线）. Using this technology, we can run a calculator and even power cars.

But what happens on cloudy days? The electrons in the silicon will stop moving, which means the electricity can’t flow. But this doesn’t mean that solar energy can only be used on sunny days. People can use the batteries（电池）which are attached to（附着于）solar panels to store the electricity. So the stored electricity can be used to power cars at night or on cloudy days.

Did you know that solar energy is not as expensive as it used to be? In fact, in the last few years, solar panels have become much more affordable for people to use. Since the sun gives off more energy in one second than people have used, imagine what we could do if we used the sun’s energy to power our planet.

（1）A magnifying glass can make objects look ________.

A．

smaller

B．

bigger

C．

more beautiful

D．

further

（2）What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?

A．	How to use solar thermal energy.
B．	How to power our planet.
C．	How to store electricity with batteries.
D．	How to turn sunlight into electricity with solar panels.

（3）We can use ________ to power cars at night according to the fourth paragraph.

A．

thin wafers

B．

the moonlight

C．

solar thermal energy

D．

the stored electricity

（4）Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．	Solar panels are made up of silicon.	B．	Solar energy can be used for heating food.
C．	It costs more to use solar energy than before.	D．	People have used solar energy for thousands of years.

Date: August 27, 2022

Time: 7:30 a. m-9:30 p. m

Place: Children’s Palace in Tongren

Price: Adults: ￥50/per; Students: ￥10/per; Kids under 6: Free

How to book:

Online: www.tongren.art.com

Tel: [phone] from Monday to Friday, 10:00 a. m-4:00 p. m

For more information, please call 0856-5210482

You can enjoy landscape paintings, figure paintings, flower-and-bird paintings.

1. There is going to be an art show on ______.

A．	Aug. 27th, 2021	B．	Aug. 26th, 2021
C．	Aug. 27th, 2022	D．	Aug. 26th, 2022

2. A couple with a 5-year-old kid will pay ______ for the art show.

A．

50

B．

60

C．

100

D．

110

3. In the Art Show, you can enjoy ______.

A．	landscape paintings and figure paintings	B．	flower-and-bird paintings and cartoons
C．	sketches and landscape paintings	D．	oil paintings and figure paintings

4. If you want to get more information about the art show, you can call ______.

A．

0856-5210481

B．

0856-5210482

C．

0856-5210483

D．

0856-5210484

5. Where can we probably read the poster?

A．

In a newspaper

B．

In a diary

C．

In a novel

D．

In an invitation

Charles Darwin

Early years

Charles Darwin was one of the six children from a big family. His grandfather and father were doctors and the young Darwin went to Edinburgh University to study medicine. However, he hated to see blood and he soon realized that he couldn’t be a doctor. He then went to Cambridge University and discovered that he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals. Luckily, one of Darwin's university teachers helped him join the perfect trip for a biologist: a voyage around the world to study nature.

The Beagle

In 1831, Charles Darwin left Plymouth on The Beagle, a ship that took him around the world for five years. While he was travelling, he studied the plants and animals in the countries and on the islands that the ship visited. Darwin also spent his time on The Beagle writing notes about the things he had seen.

When he finally arrived back in Britain, Darwin was already starting to create his famous theory that all living things had a common ancestor （祖先）.

At home at Down House, a place that you can still visit today, Darwin wrote many articles and books about his travels, but he didn’t want to make anything about his theory known to the public. He worked in his study, where he wrote 250,000 words about his theory of evolution （进化论）,but he was frightened about what people might say about his idea that monkeys were the ancestors of humans. He thought the public would be against it and was so frightened that he became ill

with worry. However; when another scientist started to write about similar ideas, Darwin decided to print his book, On the Origin of Species.

Most scientists accepted Darwin's theory and people continue to study it today. On 12th February the day he was born, Darwin Day is celebrated around the world to encourage more people to study the natural world.

(1).What caused Darwin to give up his study of medicine?

A．	He didn't like seeing blood.	B．	He found the studies too difficult.
C．	He found the studies too difficult.	D．	He was advised to study natural science.

(2).Why was the trip on The Beagle important to Darwin?

A．	It helped him to finish his study at the university.
B．	It allowed him to change his mind about his fixture.
C．	It gave him ideas about the beginnings of human life.
D．	It got him to complete his most famous book on the ship.

(3).In what order did the following happen in Darwin's life?

a.He arrived back in Britain in 1836.

b.He thought the public would not support his ideas.

c.He became interested in studying the natural world.

d.He printed his famous book, On the Origin of Species.

e.He received help to get a place on a trip around the world.

f.He studied the plants and animals on the islands he visited.

A．	e→f→c→a→b→d	B．	c→e→f→a→b→d
C．	e-→f→a→c→d→b	D．	c→e→f→d→a→b

(4).Why did the writer include the last paragraph?

A．	To introduce Darwin's famous book.
B．	To tell how people celebrate Darwin Day.
C．	To explain why people accept Darwin's ideas.
D．	To show Darwin's influence on natural science.

So，it's exam time again.Have you done the necessary work to get good marks？Sleeping with the textbook under the pillow（枕头）doesn't work.The best way is to space your practice out，rather than cram（塞）it all together.Just as a scientist called Tom Stafford advises，if you organize five hours of study into one hour a day，you'll remember more than what you study for five hours on one day.

  ▲Get pens and paper and start working!Students who can test themselves earlier will be better at retrieving the knowledge from the memory and keep it in the long run.John Dunlosky，a professor in the US，suggests that "you start by reading a textbook with your favorite pens and colors，and then write down the important ideas on small cards.While doing so，you actually try to test yourselves on them."

Good revision（复习）should give you confidence，but if you are still worried，it's not harmful to follow some special customs.In Japan，it seems to be a tradition for students to eat Katsudon before a test.This is a bowl of rice with egg and pork pieces.The name of the dish makes people think of the word "katsu"，meaning "winning".For some students in South Korea，the key to success is not washing their hair before an exam，because they believe they could wash all the knowledge out of their heads.And in different parts of the world，there are always those who believe in their "lucky underwear".

The bottom line is that you need to study，eat a good meal，sleep well on the eve of the test，and believe that your efforts will pay off.

Good luck in your exam!

（1）When you "space your practice out"，you 　 　.

A．	study for at least 5 hours on one day
B．	sleep with your textbook under the pillow
C．	organize 5 hours of study into one hour a day

（2）The underlined word "retrieving" would probably mean " 　 　".

A．	filling in
B．	getting back
C．	giving away

（3）Which sentence can be best put in ▲in paragraph 2？ 　 　

A．	Don't read your textbooks early.
B．	Don't depend on memory alone.
C．	Don't test yourselves very often.

（4）Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 3？ 　 　

A．	The word "Katsudon" sounds similar to "winning" in South Korea.
B．	In some countries，washing hair brings bad luck after having exams.
C．	Some people might wear special underwear before important events.

（5）What does the writer advise students to do before tests？ 　 　

A．	Prepare your exams well and be confident.
B．	Choose your favorite pens and stay up late.
C．	Follow some customs and enjoy yourselves.

Wolf Warrior II Introduction ：     In the film Wolf Warrior II ， Leng Feng， played by Wu Jing， is a Chinese soldier who takes on special tasks around the world． He helped Chinese workers and local Africans flee （逃离）． The film tells us： When we meet danger in a foreign land， do not give up! Please remember， at our back stands our strong motherland﹣ China． Dates： June 15th～ June 21st Weekdays   10：30 a． m． ， 7：30 p． m． Weekends   10：00 a． m． ， 2：00 p． m． ， 7：00 p．m． Place： Heze People's Movie Theater Time： 126 minutes Ticket price： 50 yuan （day shows） 70 yuan （evening shows） Children under 5 years old： free Tel： 0530﹣1234567

（1）Wolf Warrior II is about how Leng Fang　　．

A． helped Chinese workers and local Africans flee

B． fought against the Japanese soldiers

C． protected the safety of the world

（2）You can see the film　　．

A． at 2：00 p． m． on Tuesday

B． at 7：00 a．m． on Saturday

C． at 10：00 a． m． on Sunday

（3）If Mr． and Mrs． Green go to see the film with their 3﹣year﹣old son at 7：00p． m． ， how much will they pay？　　

A． 140 yuan．

B． 100 yuan．

C． 120 yuan．

（4）In which part of the newspaper can we read The passage？　　

A． Sports．

B． Advertisements．

C． News．

阅读短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项．

Whenever the sun dropped and the blue sky came up，my father and I used to climb the mountain near my house．Walking together，my father and I used to have a lot of conversations through which I learned lessons from his experiences．He always told me，"You should have goals like climbing the mountain．"Without the mountain﹣climbing that we both enjoyed，we couldn't have enough time to spend together because my father was very busy．I really got a lot from the mountain﹣climbing．It gave me time to talk with my father and to be in deep thought as well as develop my patience（耐力）．

Once we climbed a very high mountain．It was so challenging（挑战性的） for me because I was only ten years old．During the first few hours of climbing，I enjoyed the flowers and trees，and the birds' singing．But as time passed，I got a pain in both of my legs．I wanted to quit climbing，In fact，I hated it at that moment，but my father said to me，"You can always see a beautiful sky at the top of the mountain，but you can't see it before you reach the top．Only there at the top，can you see all of the nice things，which is just like your life．"

At that time，I was too young to understand his words．But later after that，I got new hope and confidence．I found myself standing at the top of the sky，which was as clear as crystal（水晶）．

51．Why couldn't the writer and his father have enough time to spend together？　　

A．Because the writer was very busy．

B．Because the writer's father was very busy．

C．Because they didn't live together．

52．The passage tells us that mountain﹣climbing was　　 for father and son．

A．enjoyable           B．hard          C．terrible

53．Which of the following is similar in meaning to the father's words in the second paragraph？　　

A．You will get all you need at the top of the mountain．

B．The sky is always as clear as crystal．

C．Never give up halfway．

54．The word"quit"in the passage means"　　"in Chinese．

A．继续             B．推迟              C．停止

55．We can learn from the last paragraph that　　．

A．the writer was very successful in his life

B．the writer didn't reach the top of the mountain

C．though the writer was young，he could understand his father．

One of the secrets (秘诀) of successful people is that they have good habits. The good habits help them to be successful. What are good habits? How can you get into good habits? Here is some advice for you.
First, everyone has his merits (优点). You should always look for the good points (优点) in people and learn from them.
Second, you should try to learn new things and new skills every day. Reading a few pages of a book or a newspaper every day also helps you.
Third, start the day the right way. When you get up in the morning, look at yourself in the mirror (镜子) and tell yourself you must keep your good habits today.
I think the last one is the most important. No matter what good habits you decide to have, you should try to keep them. Then you can live a successful and happy life.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
What makes some people successful?

A．They eat healthy food.

B．They keep good habits.

C．They meet good friends.

D．They have successful parents.

What does the writer think is the most important about good habits?

A．Learning from others.

B．Learning new skills.

C．Getting up early in the morning.

D．Trying to keep the good habits.

The underlined words "no matter what" mean______ in Chinese.

A．无论什么	B．没问题
C．没关系	D．不管怎样

Which of the following is TRUE?

A．Everyone has merits.

B．Starting the day the right way is not important.

C．You can learn everything from newspapers.

D．Everyone can be successful if he or she has good habits.

What's the main idea of the passage

A．What our lifestyle is like.

B．How to be important.

C．Advice on having good habits.

D．We should have a secret.

Do you know International Day Of Families (国际家庭日)? It’s on May 15th and it’s a day for all the families. In my family, I have my parents and my sister. They love me very much. So I want to cook (烹调) a great dinner for them on May 15th.
I know my father likes chicken and hamburgers, so I make a very delicious chicken hamburger for him. My mother likes vegetables. She thinks they are healthy. So I make vegetable salad for her. My sister, Julie, is a lovely girl, but she is a little fat. So I make fruit salad for her. I also want to say “I love you!” to all of them.
What about you? Tell your parents how much you love them on May 15th. Have a family trip or make a meal for them. I’m sure they will be very happy.
根据短文内容，判断对错。正确的写（T），错误的写（F）。
The International Day of Families is on May 15th.
My father likes vegetables very much so I make vegetable salad for him.
I make fruit salad for my sister.
I want to say “Thank you!” to my parents and sister on that day.
Tell your parents how much you love them on May 15th, they will be very happy.