初中英语阅读理解

B: 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的三个选项（A、B和C）中，选出最佳选项。
If you’re ready to add more physical activity(体育运动) to your life, here are some tips(建议).
Make physical activity part of your routine, like brushing your teeth or going to work. Try biking to work at least once a week, using the stairs more often, or walking to some places near home. But talk to your doctor before you start an exercise routine, especially if you haven’t been very active or have health problems.
Walking is one of the best fitness(健康) activities. To keep up a routine, you can walk with family members, friends or pets. Count your steps with a step counter(计数器). You can buy one at a sporting goods store. If you don’t have time for one 30-minute walk, break it into three 10-minute walks.
Find an activity that you enjoy, and stay with it. Change it with other activities so you don’t get bored. For example, walk three days a week, and swim or bike on the other days. Join a volleyball or basketball club for fun and exercise. By finding more activities you enjoy, you’ll have a greater chance for success.

The underlined word “routine” probably means “______” in Chinese.
A. 建议                 B. 惯例                 C. 爱好
What does the writer suggest doing before starting daily exercise?
A. Talking to the doctor.      
B. Walking to work.       
C. Buying a step counter.
How many tips does the writer mention when talking about the walking activity?
A. Two.                     B. Three.               C. Four.
To avoid getting bored with the same activity, we can ______.
A. break one 30-minute walk into three
B. change the activity we are staying with
C. do the activity with our family members
The passage mainly talks about ______.
A. the ways to count walking steps
B. some health problems we may face
C. some advice on physical activity

May 2, Saturday We arrived in Hangzhou at 3:00 pm. After we walked out of the train station, we took a taxi to the hotel. The hotel was very clean. We stayed there for three days. Then we wanted to travel to Hainan.

May 5, Tuesday In the morning we went to Hainan by plane. The people in Hainan were very friendly. Then we went to a beautiful beach. It was sunny. So we had great fun playing in the water.

May 7, Thursday It was rainy today. So we went to a museum. We saw many old things there. Then we went to the aquarium (水族馆) to see some sea animals. We saw many kinds of fish. They were very lovely. I hope I could come to Hannan again.

How did the writer go to Hangzhou?

A．By train.	B．By plane.
C．By taxi.	D．By bus.

The writer stayed in Hangzhou for          days.

A．two

B．three

C．four

D．five

They          on Tuesday.

A．visited a museum

B．saw some sea animals

C．had dinner in a restaurant

D．played in the water

It was          on May 7.

A．sunny

B．hot

C．rainy

D．windy

Which of the following is NOT true?

A．The writer wanted to visit Hainan again.

B．The writer took a train to Hainan.

C．The people in Hainan were very friendly.

D．There were many kinds of fish in the aquarium.

In the city of Chicago I met a man I will never forget. He drove a bus that ran from downtown to the edge of the city. Each night I watched him. As the passengers got on the bus, he smiled at each one. It was fun to see how many passengers forgot their troubles and smiled back.
There was one passenger, I noticed, that had never smiled back. He usually coughed roughly through his mustache (胡子) as he got on the bus. And he never covered his mouth. But that wasn’t enough to stop the bus driver’s smile. He gave the man with the mustache and the rough cough his biggest smile.
The man with the mustache never seemed to see that smile. He would sit on the edge of his seat and complained about the way that the bus driver was driving. He only complained for a short time, but he spoke loudly enough so everybody could hear. It was enough to make me sick. But the driver never said a word. He just went on smiling at passengers as they got on the bus.
I wanted to get to know this bus driver better. One night I stayed on the bus to the end of the line. I asked the driver, “Why don’t you throw that man with the mustache out of the bus?” The bus driver looked at me and gave me one of his famous smiles. “I don’t care about that,” he said. “Let me tell you about my friend’s dog. The man next door to me has a dog. Every time the moon shines, the dog barks (狗叫) and barks all night.” “Well, what about the dog and the moon?” I asked. “Oh, the moon keeps on shining,” he said.
The first paragraph mainly tells us           .

A．the writer was interested in the bus driver

B．there was a bus from downtown to Chicago

C．each night the writer watched the driver driving

D．it was fun for the driver to see passengers smiling

What did the man with a mustache usually do on the bus?

A．He never said a word.

B．He talked loudly to others.

C．He complained about the way to the city.

D．He complained that the driver didn’t drive well.

The writer stayed on the bus to the end of the line because he wanted             .

A．to listen to an interesting story

B．to know more about the driver

C．to ask about the dog and the moon

D．to ask the driver to throw the man out

What does the passage imply (暗示)?

A．Bus drivers should smile at passengers.

B．It’s no good to be rough to others.

C．We should learn to be polite.

D．We should learn to be generous（宽宏大量的）.

[1]People usually check if their keys, wallets and phones are with them before going out. But many people in China now have one more important thing to take ,a face mask(面罩). They hope that it can protect them from polluted air.
[2]Since January, many cities in China have seen a lot of hazy(雾蒙蒙的)days.
In Beijing, only five days in January were free of smog(雾霾). People in Xi’an saw a blue sky only one day in February. Smog is dirty air that looks like fog and smoke.
[3]An official for the Ministry of Environmental Protection told Beijing News that PM2.5 pollution is the main problem with air pollution. PM.2.5 refers to pollution with small particles(颗 粒) of 2.5 micrometers or less in diameter(直径).
[4]According to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, driving cars and burning coal are two major reasons for PM2.5.
[5]Poor air is bad for people’s health, especially for Children’s. Hospital shows that from January 5th  to January 11th , half of the patients in the internal medicine department(内科门诊)  are there for breathing problems.
[6]空气问题已经影响到整个国家。
[7]The Chinese government said that they would work hard to help the air pollution problems out and give people a healthy living environment.
[8]It calls on people to make full use energy and cut down on energy use.
[9]Don’t often do outdoors sports. If you have to go out, wear a mask. Read the instructions carefully before putting on one. If you won’t wear it in the right way, you may feel dizzy(头晕) and weak.
[10]Wash your face and clean your nose as soon as you get home. It’s the most important for us to walk out        driving a car.
Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 into Chinese.
__________________________________________________________________________
Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 into English.
__________________________________________________________________________
Fill in the blank in Paragraph 10 with the proper phrase(适当的短语).  (no more than 2 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
What does the government call on people to do ?  (no more than 15 words )
__________________________________________________________________________
What is the passage mainly about?  (no more than 10 words)
__________________________________________________________________________

If you take away many sentences from somebody's written work as your own without permission, it's called plagiarism，but if you take the knowledge from a piece of work by another and change the words, then it's not plagiarism. This is the difference between using the Internet and plagiarism. If you are given homework to work out math problems, then you should use your brain without a computer! If the teacher asks you to learn something about a famous literary person, you can use the computer. If you take down the main important information of the task, it’s OK. However, if you run to the computer to do your thinking for you all the time, you don’t exercise your brain and you will forget how to work out a problem. By using a computer, students may get a useful answer fast, to finish homework, but when they have to face an exam, they will not be ready for it.
Though teachers say finding or buying homework answers online is not many in schools, an interview with school students shows only 10% hopes to finish their holiday homework by themselves. They complain that the homework is too much for them to finish. Besides, many of students have to go to all kinds of training classes during the holiday. These take away much of their time for doing homework. So they want to find or even buy answers online or copy each other's homework. Students should learn that being a student is about getting skills, but not just getting quick, cheap "answers" for homework problems. I mean we should use the computer properly.
If you want to look up some information about something or somebody, you____.

A．should work it out by yourself

B．can turn to a computer for help

C．must discuss it with your teacher

D．will meet problems with plagiarism

Which belongs to plagiarism according to the text?

A．Answering questions in our own words.

B．Buying homework answers on the Internet.

C．Copying others’ written work without permission.

D．Doing our homework with the help of a computer.

Which is NOT the reason why the students hope to buy homework answers online?

A．The answers are cheap and quick.

B．They can exercise their brains all the time.

C．They have to go to all kinds of training classes during the holiday.

D．They have too much homework to finish.

What's the author's attitude towards using the computer for homework answers?

A．Using it for math problems.

B．Using it all the time for the homework.

C．Using it to get some information on the answers.

D．Using it when there's too much homework to finish.

If you want to study English well, you need to do the following things.
Joining an English club is a good idea and joining an international club (where English is in use at least some of the time) is, for many people, even better.
In order to learn English well, you should keep practicing it as much as possible. There are several good ways to help you with the English study.
First, you may take notes of any mistakes made by you, so as to get familiar with the correct usage of the English language.
Second, it’s important to improve your ability, especially the ability of reading comprehension(理解). By reading more English articles, you will build your sense of English.
Third, try to form a reciting(背诵) habit. Well-written paragraphs are worth reciting. By memorizing them, you will find that writing English articles is not so difficult.
Last but not the least, you should always use a dictionary with both Chinese and English explanations. It will tell you the differences between these two beautiful languages.
Who may be the most suitable readers of this article?

A．Anyone who likes maths.

B．Anyone who wants to learn English well.

C．English teachers.

D．Anyone who wants to learn Chinese well.

From this article, we know we can use the following ways to learn English well except__________.

A．going abroad to learn English

B．joining an English club

C．Keeping practicing it as much as possible

D．trying to form a reciting habit

By reading more English articles, you will build _____________.

A．your knowledge of English grammar

B．your ability of English writing

C．your ability of singing English writing songs

D．your sense of English

What’s the best title of the article?

A．We should take notes of any mistake made by us.

B．We should read English more.

C．How to learn English well.

D．We should buy a dictionary with both Chinese and English explanations.

Everyone knows that exercise is important. We need to exercise. Doctors say it is good fo r us. It keep our bodies strong.
When the daytime comes, we must get up. This is the time for exercise. Exercise means doing things with the body. There are many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games. Make sure you excise in the following ways: you have to like what you’re doing. Exercise enough---but not too much. It is good to exercise twice each week. Thirty minutes each time is enough. Try all kinds of things until you find one, two or three sports that feel right for you.
Exercise can be fun. Friends can exercise together at fitness center, or they can play sports together. How do you exercise?
In the passage the writer tells us that we all need to_______________.

A．drink

B．relax

C．exercise

D．work

Which of the following sports can’t we find in the passage?

A．Fishing

B．Running

C．Swimming

D．Walking

What does  exercise mean according to the passage?

A．It means doing things with the body

B．It means studying

C．It means doing lessons.

D．It means playing

What can exercise do to the body?

A．It can make the body weak

B．It can make us sleep more

C．It can make the body sick

D．It can make the body healthy

The words “fitness center” in the passage mean_________

A．减肥中心

B．健身中心

C．购物中心

D．医疗中心

New traffic laws(交通法)say that if people cross the street when the light is red, they can be fined as much as 50 yuan.
The law has new rules for drivers and pedestrians (行人). Drivers have to slow down when they are close to crosswalks. If people are in a crosswalk, cars must stop to let them pass.
There are rules for bus drivers, too. If bus drivers smoke, drink or make phone calls while driving, they can be fined. Buses that carry too many people are also against the law.
Do your ride a bike to school? It’s not a good idea to carry classmates on the back.You could be fined 50 yuan. And stay in the bike lane(车道)when you’re riding. The big roads are for cars and buses.
Do you like to ride your uncle’s motorbike? When you put on your helmet(头盔), ask him to put one on, too. People on motorbikes must wear helmets, the new laws says. If they don’t, they’ll have to pay 200 yuan.
Do you ride in cars often? Don’t forget to put on your seat belt (安全带),even if you’re going for a short taxi ride. It could save your life.
If you see a hit-and–run (肇事逃逸), tell the police. They may give you a reward(奖赏). And don’t be afraid to help people to the hospital if they are hurt in an accident. Don’t worry about money. The new law says the doctors must take care of them even if they can’t pay right away.
What does the word“crosswalk”mean in Chinese?

A．过马路

B．人行横道

C．立交桥

D．车行道

If you are a bus driver, ______ while you are driving, according to the new traffic laws.

A．you can make a phone call

B．you can’t talk to others

C．you can’t smoke

D．you can drink

When you ride in a car, the first thing you must do is__________.

A．to put on the helmet

B．To pay the driver

C．to put on the seat belt

D．To see if it carries too many people

You should do all the following EXCEPT_________.

A．carrying your classmate on the back when you’re riding a bike

B．phoning the police when you see a hit-and-run

C．helping people to the hospital if they are hurt in an accident

D．wearing your helmet while riding a motorbike

MSG (monosodium glutamate) is a food additive (食品添加剂), which has been widely used by many food factories all over the world since it appeared first in Japan in 1909.
MSG is a substance that is added to some food to improve its original (原先的) taste and colour. It is used in foods around the world such as cakes, bread, frozen meats, fish and vegetables. In the beginning, people thought MSG was safe just like salt and sugar. However, in 1968 some people reported they seemed to have bad reactions (反应) to MSG after having had a meal at a restaurant. They included headaches and quick heartbeat (心跳). It was also reported that MSG excited a person's brain and caused his death in Japan. Scientists think that MSG may lead to many neurological disorders (神经紊乱). In mice studies done by a university, the evidence showed the mice didn’t want to eat the food including MSG.
Today many food companies “hide” MSG on food labels (标签) by using different names. If you see “natural flavorings”, “hydrolyzed protein” and “spices” in a food label, you are probably seeing a hidden way to “report” MSG in a food label. Every time we have a meal in a restaurant, we always feel the food very delicious to taste, but sometimes it is dangerous for our health because some poisonous food additives have been added to the food.
To protect people’s health, our governments, from central to local, are taking actions to stop factories producing poisonous food additives.
Monosodium Glutamate is _______.

A．a food	B．an additive
C．a factory	D．a country

MSG is often used in _______.

A．frozen meats	B．cups
C．clothes	D．book covers

The examples in the second paragraph tell us ________.

A．the food including MSG is delicious

B．people like to eat in a restaurant

C．mice like eating the food including MSG

D．MSG is not safe sometimes

If you see “natural flavorings”, “hydrolyzed protein” and “spices” in a food label, you will  know________.

A．you must eat the food in a hidden way

B．the food label must be hidden

C．MSG is probably added to the food

D．you must report the food to your parents

The underlined word “substance” in the article means __________.

A．colour

B．material

C．taste

D．Food

Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars. Parking is a great problem, and so is the traffic in and around the cities. Something will have to be done to change it.
What will the cars of tomorrow be like?
Little cars may some day take the place of today’s big cars. If everyone drives little cars in the future, there will be less pollution in the air. There will also be more space for parking cars in cities, and the streets will be less crowded. Three little cars can fit in the space now needed for one car of the usual size.
The little cars will cost much less to own and to drive. Driving will be safer, too. What is more, these little cars can go about 65 kilometers per hour.
Little cars of the future will be fine for getting around a city, but they will not be useful for long trips. If big cars are still used along with the small ones, two sets of roads will be needed in the future. Some roads will be used for the big, fast cars, and other roads will be needed for the slower small ones.
Cars in the future mustn’t bring ________ pollution in the air.

A．more

B．fewer

C．less

D．no

The little car’s size may be ________ today’s car’s size.

A．one third of	B．two thirds of
C．as big as	D．as small as

Little cars are very fine for ________.

A．long trips	B．journeys
C．everyday life	D．sport

The big cars are ________ the little cars for long trips.

A．as useful as	B．not so useful as
C．more useful than	D．less useful than

Suzhou is a famous city in China. You can see beautiful mountains and trees in the city.
Travel time:

08:00— 10:00	Pick you up from the hotel in Shanghai and go to Suzhou.
10:00— 11:00	Visit the Tiger Hill. It is called as “the most famous place in Wuzhong”.
11:00— 12:00	Visit Hanshan Temple.
12:00— 13:00	Lunchtime.
13:00— 14:00	Visit the No.1 Silk Factory. Suzhou is famous for its silk production(产品).
14:00— 16:00	Visit the Humble Administrator’s Garden. This garden has three parts: the eastern part, the middle part and the western part.
16:00— 18:00	Return to Shanghai.

How to book (预订)：
☆ you must book by email. Tell us which hotel you are staying at and wait for our confirmation (确认) email.
☆ Our tour guide will call you the night before the tour and tell you when we will meet the next morning.
The writer must be a _______.

A．visitor	B．waiter
C．a tour guide (导游)	D．travel agent (代理人)

The tourist will visit ______ places in Suzhou.

A．six

B．five

C．four

D．three

What will they visit at 13:00?

A．The No.1 Silk Factory.

B．Hanshan Temple.

C．The Tiger Hill.

D．The Humble Administrator’s Garden.

If you want to book, you must________.

A．go to their office	B．call the tour guide
C．send them a letter	D．send them an email

The best title for this passage is “________”.

A．A Famous City, Suzhou	B．Suzhou Silk
C．A one-day Suzhou Tour	D．Main sights in Suzhou

Robots have come a long way since 15th century. We’ve got robots to build cars, carry heavy things, work in dangerous places and explore planets. But things haven’t stopped there.
In 1986, Honda made a robot called ASIMO. And now, it has been developed greatly. Standing at 130cm and weighing 54kg. ASIMO is very much like a small astronaut wearing a bag on the back. And he can walk, flight, climb and run fast. Isn’t it wonderful?
The world’s first robot teacher is Saya. With her human-like face, she can show expressions like happiness, surprise, sadness, dislike, fear and she can even smile or show anger at students, which look much like a real teacher’s. To do this, her rubber skin is pulled from the back with motors inside. And her eyes and mouth have wires(电线) too. She can also say some simple words like “hello” or “thank you”.
In the UK, the development of robots is exciting. The mini-robots will send food, clean floors, collect and throw away waste. These robots can open doors by themselves and stop if anything or anyone is in the way.
These mini-robots are very useful for controlling infection(传染). Usually clean and dirty work is done by the same person, but here, you’ll have robots that do”dirty work”, like collecting dirty sheets, or taking away hospital waste； and you’ll have robots that do”clean work”, like bringing meals or clean sheets to patients. The robots have separate work so there’s no way for infection, which is great. But of course, robots would not take the piece of humans, but would free up more time for nurses to be with patients.
But if this is what it’s like in 2011, what’s it going to be like to 2021?
In the following, which is ASIMO’s behavior?

A．Smiling at people, saying “hello”.

B．Sending food or opening doors by himself

C．Fighting, climbing or running fast

D．Collecting waste for patients

What makes Saya look real?

A．Her face and rich expressions	B．Her clothes and shoes
C．Her walking and running speed	D．Her rich knowledge

Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．Robots have come a long way since 1986.

B．The first robot teacher was made by Honda.

C．Saya looks like a small astronaut.

D．If anyone or anything is in the way, mini-robots will stop.

The main idea of Paragraph 5 is that _______.

A．nurses would have more free time with patients

B．robots would not take the place of humans

C．dirty and clean work is always done by the same person

D．mini-robots are useful for controlling infection

Mr father woke me up early one summer morning when I was fourteen and announced(宣布): “Get up， you’re going with me to cut the grass in the garden.”
The idea that my father thought I was old enough to help him in his business made me feel proud and excited. From sunup to sundown， my father， my younger brother and I worked in the large garden. By the end of the day I was too tired to say a word but I felt good. This was my first time to help my father in his business. I got $ 6 for my work that day.
One day my father found some leaves I had missed and pulled me aside. “Take away these leaves!” he said， “and don’t make me have to tell you to do it again.” The message was clear. Today I value(珍视) the importance of doing a job well the first time. It will never fail to impress(给……留下印象) the person you are working for.
After two years， my father told me and my brother that he felt we were old enough to cut the grass by ourselves. Every Saturday during my last two years of high school， we set off early in the morning with the same strong wish we had gained while working under our father.
Looking after the garden was neither exciting nor high paying， but that didn’t matter. It taught me that any job was a good job and that whatever I was paid was more than I had before.
A newspaper reporter once asked me how someone could possibly live with hard work and low pay. “If you’re only thinking about hard work and money， you probably don’t want to do any better than you are doing.” I answered. In every job， from cutting the grass to washing dishes， I’ve learned much. I’ve learned something that helps me in my next job.
If you work hard enough， you can learn from any job you do.
The writer felt proud and cited when he was asked to cut the grass because he thought __________.

A．he could cut the grass himself

B．he could make much money

C．he could enjoy sunup and sundown

D．he could help his family

The word “message” in the passage probably refers to(指) __________.

A．not leaving leaves behind

B．giving no excuse for your mistakes

C．doing a good job at the very beginning

D．missing things which can be found out

When the writer finished high school， maybe he was __________ years old.

A．fourteen

B．eighteen

C．twenty

D．twenty-two

Which of the following does the writer probably think is the most important?

A．Keeping learning from any job you had.

B．Asking no money for work.

C．Finishing work as quickly as possible.

D．Keeping looking for different jobs.

The writer probably thinks his father is __________.

A．lazy

B．helpful

C．careless

D．funny

Many people like to watch TV. Watching TV is one of the most important activities of the day. TV brings the outside closer to people’s homes. Some people say the world is smaller than before because of TV.
What’s going on in the other countries? How do people live in places far away? Is there a good sports game somewhere? What’s the life like in the deepest(最深的) part of the sea?
If you want to answer these and other kinds of questions, just turn on the TV. Turn it on and watch. You can see a lot and learn a lot. Of course, people can also learn through reading or listening to the radio. But with TV they can learn better and more easily. Why? Because they can hear and watch, too.
TV helps to open our eyes. TV also helps to open our minds(思想). TV often give us new ideas. We learn newer and better ways of doing something.
Some people say the world is smaller than before because    .

A．TV makes the earth smaller and smaller

B．all people like to watch TV

C．watching TV is one of the most important activities of the day.

D．TV brings the outside world closer to people.

We can      when we watch TV.

A．go to live in the other countries

B．answer TV many questions

C．get a lot of information

D．ask TV some questions

People learn better through TV than through radio because   .

A．TV sets are bigger than radios

B．people can not only hear but also watch

C．without TV people can’t open their eyes

D．it’s easier to turn on TV than to turn on radio

The sentence “TV also helps to open our minds” means:

A．our minds can only be opened by TV

B．something is wrong with our minds

C．it can help us to increase(增长) our knowledge(知识)

D．TV is new to us

This article(文章) tells us      .

A．it’s good to watch TV

B．not to watch TV any more

C．students shouldn’t watch TV at any time

D．to stop reading to watch TV

Sally: an animal doctor What’s the worst thing that’s ever happened in your job? Probably the dog that bit me. It wasn’t a big one - I don’t mind the big ones. The small ones are the worst. It gave me a very nasty bite. Have you ever done any other jobs? Yes, I did different kinds of jobs when I was a student. One summer I did fruit-picking in Spain. What’s the worst job you’ve ever done? In order to improve my English, I worked for a rich family in New York. I never had a day off and I had to do everything – cooking, cleaning, shopping- and look after their horrible children. I left after two weeks and managed to get a job as a waitress in an Italian restaurant. Leo: an actor What’s the worst thing that’s ever happened in your job? So many bad things have happened-but I think my worst moment was when I read my first bad review in the newspaper. They wrote terrible things about me, and I was so upset. After that I didn’t read my reviews any more. Have you ever done any other jobs? Oh yes, it’s hard to make a living as an actor. So I’ve done lots of part-time jobs over the years. For example, I’ve worked in a shop, sold ice cream at the beach and handed out publicity flyers in the street. What’s the worst job you’ve ever done? The worst job I’ve ever done was at an egg-packing factory. Working conditions are terrible-you stand for hours at the end of a belt, putting eggs into boxes. You can’t have a break, and if you want to go to the toilet, you have to ask for permission. And worst of all, the smell was terrible- I’ve never eaten an egg since then.

The underlined word “one” refers to “__________”.

A．dog	B．bite
C．event	D．job

Sally has done the following jobs EXCEPT __________.

A．picking fruit in Spain

B．working for a rich family

C．looking after sick animals

D．cooking in an Italian restaurant

After reading his first bad review in the newspaper, Leo __________.

A．wrote more reviews

B．replied to every review

C．gave up his job as an actor

D．stopped reading any of his reviews

What does Leo think of being an actor?

A．It’s hard to make a living.

B．It’s helpful to read his reviews.

C．It’s easy to make lots of money.

D．It’s fun to have different experiences.

What did Leo hate most when working at an egg-packing factory?

A．No breaks.	B．Standing for too long.
C．The bad smell.	D．Putting eggs into boxes.

The best title of the passage might be __________.

A．An Animal Doctor	B．Terrible Job Experiences
C．How to Find a Part-time Job	D．Reviews of Sally a nd Leo