There are at least two methods．Induction （归纳法） （as described by Darwin ），or deduction （演绎法）（ as described by Einstein）．Both methods can produce amazing result．But only when you know which"direction"to go．
The steps are the same．They include：
Theory （理论）＝Explaining how things work
Experiment＝A way to test what's happening
Observation＝Something you notice
Together，these are called the scientific method．
Should you start from the"bottom"by collecting information and facts to prove and seeing where chat leads you？That's induction．Charles Darwin （1809﹣1882 ） supported this method．He spent years observing the appearance and behavior of animals in different places．From this，he created his theory of natural selection：animal and plants can change because of their environment．
Or should you start from the"top"by creating a theory and then seeing how it stands up to real life？That's deduction．Albert Einstein（1879﹣1955）was king here．He began with brave ideas．These theories often took years to prove by experiment．
A few of Einstein's ideas are still being examined．
In history，scientist have been solving problems using different methods．For example，while studying bacteria（细菌）．Fleming found that something on bread could kill bacteria harmful to human health．This led him to discover a new medicine．Newton suggested that all objects attract each other．His idea was proved later．
So which way better？That depends．Some researchers do experiment，and only later consider where their results may lead them．That's induction．But deduction needs you to suggest a theory that may or may not be supported by the information and facts．The best scientists are always ready to change methods when necessary．
56．How many steps are there in the scientific method
A.2
B.3
C.4
57．Deduction needs you to start from the
A．"bottom"
B．"middle"
C．"top"
58．Fleming used to discover a new medicine．
A．induction
B．deduction
C．theories
59．The last paragraph（段）tells us
A．which way is better
B．To get more facts
C to use proper methods
60．What can be the best title of the passage？
A．Deduction and induction
B．Darwin and Fleming
C．Theory and experiment．
Starting high school can be difficult．Everyone is nervous and nobody knows where to go for classes．Thinking about making new friends might make you feel nervous，too.66．但是别担心，因为你不是孤身一人．You are going to school with a group of students of your age，and we have several tips（贴士）for you to follow．
Forget your fear and just talk to someone．
67．It is easier said than done． But try to take a deep breath and found your voice．Don't be afraid to approach（接近）people．Introduce yourself and start a conversation about something you have in common．Sit in the middle of the classroom with as many new friends around you as possible．
Join clubs．
Take part in the after﹣school activities that interested you．68．尽量在俱乐部里交朋友．If you don't join anything，you will be just going to class and then going home．Being in a club makes you more social．
Stay clean．
No one likes a bad smell that could knock someone over．Shower every day，brush your teeth and wash your hair．69．You're supposed to make yourself look clean and tidy，whatever you wear．
Be respectful（尊重的）of people's differences．
70．Everyone has his or her own opinion of the world． And everyone believes in different things．It's a good thing to have different friends with different opinions because you can each share your own．
66．
67．
68．
69．
70．
Students often have a lot of worries． Sometimes they have problems with their schoolwork， and sometimes with their friends． What can they do about this？ 61．让我们看看劳拉怎么处理她的问题的．
One day， Laura lost her wallet and worried for days． She was afraid to tell her parents about it． She kept thinking，" 62．If my parents know it，how angry they will be!" In the end， she talked to her parents and they were really understanding． Her dad said he sometimes made careless mistakes too． They got her a new wallet and asked her to be more careful．
An expert called Robert Hunt says，"63．It is best for us not to run away from our problems．We should always try to solve them．"He thinks the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to． 64．学生们可以向老师或朋友寻求建议因为他们是愿意帮助人的．In English， we say that sharing a problem is like cutting it in half． 65． So you're halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it!
61．
62．
63．
64．
65．
Homework is a problem for students all over the world．As a student，you have a lot of homework to do every day．（51） ．And it helps you understand important knowledge．Luckily，there're several things you can do to make homework less difficult．
（52） ．Write your homework down in your notebook if you need to．Don't be afraid to ask questions about it．Understand why you should do your homework．
（53） ．Many schools have study halls．The students can study there．It's more interesting to play with your friends．But the more homework you finish at school，the less you'll have to do that night at home．
（54） ．It is difficult to hold your attention for too long．So take some breaks while doing your homework．Taking a 15﹣minute break every hour is a good idea for most people．
（55） ．If you don't finish your homework at school，think about how much you have left．It's a good idea to make a homework plan，especially when you want to enjoy sports or other activities．
A．Be sure you understand the homework
B．Use some time to do homework at school
C．It's the best way to review what you have learned in class
D．Make a plan
E．Take a break
F．It's necessary for you to do more homework at home．
John was a good student but he didn't respect others．One day，his mother gave him a drum as birthday gift．He often went around the classroom playing his drum．When others asked him to keep quiet or pay somewhere else，John refused．John's classmates couldn't bear the noisy drum，so they stopped playing with him．Peter，one of his classmates，invented special earplugs which allowed people to hear normal sounds，but stopped the bad ones．John got very angry with peter．He even had a big fight with Peter．
A few days later，a clock was put into classroom，just next to the desk of John．The clock was making the noise like "Tick tock，tick tock．"John couldn't concentrate on （专注于） his study at all．However，the others，with their special earplugs，were OK．Soon John started to realize how much he had disturbed（打扰） his classmates with the drum，and how silly it had been to fight with Peter．In order to change the situation，John decided to say sorry to his classmates．What's more，he no longer played his drum in the classroom．Seeing John's great classmates，his classmates finally forgave（原谅） him and decided to play with him again．
From then on，John changed a lot and got along well with his classmates．
46．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the first paragraph？
A．John was not a good student because he didn't respect others．
B．John got a drum from his mother as a birthday present．
C．John refused to keep quiet or play his drum somewhere else．
47．What's the Chinese meaning of the underlined word "earplugs"？
A．耳朵
B．耳塞
C．耳环
48．Why did John's classmates stop playing with him？
A．Because his classmates couldn't bear his noisy drum．
B．Because he had a big fight with Peter．
C．Because Peter invented special earplugs．
49．How did John make his classmates forgive him？
A．By wearing a special earplug．
B．By putting a clock into the classroom．
C．By saying sorry to his classmates and no longer playing his drum in the classroom．
50．What can we learn from this passage？
A．We should stop playing with others if they make noises．
B．We should have a big fight with the person who disturb us．
C．We should respect and get along well with each other．
Americans like to have different kinds of parties such as birthday parties，surprise parties，tea parties and house﹣warming parties．Pajama （睡衣） parties are one of the most popular kinds of parties in the US．At a pajama party，a group of friends spend the night at a person's house．It is a great way for children or teenagers to get together and have a good time．
To hold a pajama party，the host will usually plan some fun activities such as watching movies and playing board games and video games at home．He or she should also prepare some delicious sweets，fruits and fun food like pizza．Guests at a pajama party should bring their own pajamas，toothbrushes，pillows（枕头） and blankets （毯子）．
If a pajama party is mainly for fun，a prom is no doubt a very important thing in most American schools．A prom is a formal （正式 的） dance party that is held at a high school．The party is usually held near the end of the senior year，the last year of high school，so it is often called graduation （毕业）dance．Students should wear formal clothes at the prom．
52．How many kinds of parties are mentioned in the passage？
A．Seven
B．Five
C．Six
53．Where is a pajama party held？
A．At a person's house．
B．At a person's office
C．At a person's high school．
54．From the passage，we know that the underlined word "prom" means ．
A．开学典礼
B．毕业舞会
C．成人礼
55．What's the best title for the passage？
A．History in the US
B．Parties in the US
C．Sports in the US．
Liu Sanzi is an eight﹣year﹣old boy from a village in Hunan Province．He has to give up going to school．It's important for him to work on their farm because there are seven people in Liu's family and they are very poor．
Li Yinming is 14 and from Gansu Province．He stopped going to school a few years ago．His parents have been ill and he has to look after them．
Many children like Li Yinming and Liu Sanzi can't get an education because their families are poor．Now they can go to school with the help of Project Hope．In the last 15 years，this project has raised money and paid for the education of 2.5 million poor students in the countryside．People in China and abroad have given 2.2 billion yuan．With this money，Project Hope has built many schools and libraries．It has also trained teachers and has sent students go high schools．
Last year Shen，a boy from Shanxi Province，went to a school with no electricity and only a few books．But this year he's at a new school with big classrooms and lots of books．Project Hope paid for it．
Most people in China have heard of Project Hope and have given money．But 40 million children from poor families still need help．Because of Project Hope，thousands of children have better lives．Perhaps we should all ask：What can we do for Project Hope？How can we help？
56．Did Liu Sanzi finish studying before he got help from Project Hope？
57．Why can't many children like Li Yinming get an education？
58．What has Project Hope built？
59．Does Shen's school have lots of books this year？？
60．How many children from poor families still need help？
．
阅读短文，然后根据短文内容简要回答下列问题．
What Parents Can Do to Keep Kids Safe |
In the School ◆Talk to your children about their day． Ask your children if they see anyone bullied（欺凌）， if they are bullied， or if anything else makes them feel uncomfortable． ◆Teach children to resolve problems without fighting． Explain that fighting could lead to them getting hurt， or hurting someone else． ◆Keep an eye on your children's Internet use． Talk to your children about what they do online﹣what sites they visit， who they email， and who they chat with． |
To and From School ◆Map out with your children a safe way for them to walk to school． ◆Teach children to follow traffic signals and rules when walking or biking． ◆Encourage children to walk to school with friends． ◆Teach children not to talk to strangers， go anywhere with them， or accept gifts from them without your permission． |
On the bus ◆Have your children arrive at the bus stop at least five minutes before the bus is scheduled to pick them up． ◆Make sure children know to stand on the sidewalk while waiting for the bus． ◆Teach children to make sure they can see the bus driver and the bus driver can see them before crossing in front of the bus． Tell them to never walk behind the bus． ◆Let them know that if they see someone being bullied， or are bullied themselves， they can talk to you， the bus driver， or another trusted adult． |
66． What is the passage about？
67． Can children resolve problems with fighting？
68． What should parents do when children use the Internet？
69． Who can children talk to on the way to school， friends or strangers？
70． Where should children stand while waiting for the bus？
阅读短文，将方框里的五个句子还原到短文当中．
A．One idea is to test yourself． B．Even worse，you could have an English test． C．She believes they are not as useful as other habits． D．These methods are commonly used in schools around the world． E．So it's possible that you are underlining something not so important． |
Imagine you have a history or math test in school．（76） How should you prepare for this terrible event？
Should you reread your history，math or English books？What about underlining important words or sentences？（77） But are these truly the best methods？
Mary Pym，an American scientist，says that both rereading and underlining are ineffective（无效的）study tools，but better than not studying at all．（78）
When you reread something，you are not trying to actively receive the information．It seems that you already know the information because you've already read it．
The problem with underlining is that you don't always know what the most important information is．（79） ．
What should you do if rereading and underlining are not the best ways to study for a test？
（80） simple cards and practice exams can help when you want to make sure that you have learned something．
No matter what methods you choose，you should know that effective learning takes time and effort．
Many children spend a lot of time watching or playing with electronic media﹣from televisions to video games，computers and other devices（设备）．
So，it is natural that parents should wonder about the time children spend looking at a TV or computer screen．Americans say"screen time"when they talk about any time children spend in front of an electronic device．
Perhaps parents can stop worrying so much about screen time，at least for older boys and girls．In October 2016，the American Academy of Pediatrics （AAP） listed several suggestions for parents and child care workers．Here are some of the suggestions．
•Avoid digital media use in children younger than 18 to 24 months．
•For children aged 18﹣24 months，avoid letting the child watch media alone．And avoid using media as a way to comfort your child．
•For children two to five years of age，allow one﹣hour screen time on"high﹣quality（质量）programming"a day and watch it with your child．
•For children aged 6 and older，don't spend too much time using media．Also，make sure that screen time does not take the place of healthy sleep，exercising，doing homework and other activities．
•Make sure to have media﹣free time together as a family，such as dinner or driving．Also make some areas of the home media﹣free．Turn off your child's electronic devices an hour before bedtime．
（1）What is"screen time"according to Americans ？
A．A kind of timing system（系统）．
B．A survey on electronic media
C．Any time children spend in front of electronic media．
D．Any electronic device children like to play with
（2）What did AAP do in 2016 after ？
A．They gave some practical suggestions．
B．They told parents how to reduce their children's screen time．
C．They trained many child care workers．
D．They raised much money to stop children using electronic devices．
（3）How do parents deal with the screen time for children two to five years of age ？
A．Choose proper programs and watch with them．
B．Play with them for at least one hour．
C．Avoid letting them watch TV．
D．Don't worry about them．
（4）How does AAP explain too much screen time ？
A．An hour or more every day．
B．Using too many electronic devices．
C．Screen time takes the place of other activities
D．Using electronic media to comfort the children．
（5）What is media﹣free time ？
A．It is the time you can use media freely．
B．It is the time you cook or drive．
C．It is the time to be with your family．
D．It is the time you stay away from electronic devices．
This Thursday，across the US，kids are going to work with their parents instead of going to school．
They can help their parents do some cleaning，send e﹣mails and deal with other daily things．Because April 28 is Take Our Sons and Daughters to Work Day all over the US．This holiday shows kids what it means to be a grown﹣up in the working world．
I still remember when this day started，I was very happy．Not only did I have the chance to leave the
school，but I also could sit in my dad's taxi all day long and we would go to a restaurant for lunch．
I couldn't read my book in the car as I would get carsick（晕车） and my dad didn't like to
turn on the radio．I got hot and uncomfortable．People wouldn't get into his taxi because they thought
he already had a passenger：me﹣﹣so nothing happened．It seemed years before we went out for lunch．In fact，I started to miss the school．
Although the purpose of the day is to give kids a chance to experience possible jobs in their futures，I got something completely different from the day．I learned to value school life．Where else can you play with your friends，do science experiments，read great books and write stories all in one day？
Just like you'll have to learn to love your job later in life，learn to love school now． If you don't，try spending the day at work with your dad．
任务一：What can the kids help their parents do this Thursday？
任务二：请选出能填入文中 处的最佳选项． （填写字母代号）
A．Of course，I enjoyed myself and felt free like a bird．
B．But after only 40 minutes of driving around the city，I was very bored．
C．But soon I got used to this taxi ride around the city with my father．
任务三：将划线句子翻译成中文．
任务四：What does the passage mainly talk about？
．
Many kids do housework such as doing the dishes，making the bed，and folding the clothes．In exchange，they get some money or other computer time．
Paying kids for housework is one of the most popular topics，especially at a time when everyone is more careful about money．Some parents think since adults are paid to do their jobs，we should pay kids for everyday housework．
But some people don't think kids should get rewards（报酬） for doing housework．Susie Walton，an expert，believe that by rewarding kids，parents are sending a message that work isn't worth doing unless you get something in return．"Running any kind of housework is a team effort，"Walton said．"A home is a living space for everyone in the family．It's important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in the house，and families decide how they want their home to look，and how they are going to keep it looking like what they want．"
Other people believe that getting a reward encourages kids to do housework，and it also teaches them real world lessons about how we need to work to get money．There are also apps（程序） that gives kids points and digital gifts that can be redeemed（兑现） either online or in the real world．"Our goal is to give kids lawful power so they can get rewards，"says Chris Bergman．"And kids need rewards to help encourage them．"
（1）Which of the following housework is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1？
A．Washing the dishes．
B．Cooking meals．
C．Folding the clothes．
D．Making the bed．
（2）The underlined phrase"in return"in Paragraph 3 has the same meaning as" "．
A．as a reward
B．for punishment
C．on sale
D．under control
（3）What's Walton's idea in the passage？
A．Running exercise is a kind o f team work．
B．People work to get some rewards．
C．Kids have responsibilities in the house．
D．Doing the housework in only the parents' job．
（4）According to Chris Bergman，kids should be encouraged to ．
A．do housework without rewards
B．do more housework
C．stay away from housework
D．do housework be getting rewards
（5）Which is the best title for the passage？
A．Kids Should Study as Well as Doing Housework
B．Let Children Do Some Housework
C．Should Kids Be Rewarded for Doing Housework
D．Doing Housework Is Good for Children's Study．
You're going to a senior high school，aren't you？Maybe you are common student．You probably think you will never be a top student．But anyone can be a better student if he or she wants to．Here's some advice on how to be a good student．
Manage your time carefully．It's good to keep a habit of planning your time every day．It's very useful to know what you will do．We plan your week，you should make a list of things that you have to do．Then you should make a schedule（行程安排） of your time for eating，sleeping，studying and even amusements．
Make use of your time．Listen to everything the teacher say in class．Listening carefully in class means less work later．Don't forget to take notes．It will help you remember what the teacher says．Be sure to put your heart into the book，and you will get more from it．If you read absentmindedly（心不在焉），you get nothing from the book．
Develop good attitudes．You should build up friendship．Try to make more friends．And you can meet new people find new friends and even talk to people you don't like．You never know what will happen in the future．Have a healthy eating habits．Try different kinds of food and get enough fruit and vegetables．If not，you won't get the nutrients（营养） you need to grow each day．
阅读上面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列表格的信息（每空词最多不超过四个词）
Title：Advice about how to（68） ． |
||
Suggestion |
How to … |
Advantage |
Manage your time carefully |
Make a list and a schedule of your time． |
Keeping the habit of planning your time can help you know（69） ． |
Make good use of your time |
1．Listen carefully and take notes in class． 2．Remember（70） into the book，or you will get nothing． |
1．Listen carefully in class means less work later． 2．You will get more from the book． |
Develop good attitudes |
1．Make more friends． 2．Have a healthy eating habit． |
1．You'll get more help in the future 2．（71） that you need to grow． |
On the first day of school．Socrates（苏格拉底） told his students．"Today，we'll only learn one thing，that is to stretch（前伸）for your arms，then try to swings（甩动） them backward．"He showed them and as a result all the students laughed"Sir，is it also learned"one of the students laughed．
"Of course! You think this is a simple thing，but it is difficult．" Socrates replied seriously．Hearing this，the students laughed even harder．
Without being a little angry．Socrates said．"In this class I'll teach you how to learn this action well．After that，start today，and you will do it 100 times a day．"
10 days later．Socrates asked，"Who still stick to swing his arms？"About 80% of the students raised their hands.20 days later．Socrates asked．"Who still insists（坚持）on swings his arms？"About 50% of them raised their hands 3 months later，Socrates asked again，"Who still insist on that most simple action of swinging？"This time．only one student raised his hand．Hr was Plato （柏拉图）．
Perseverance is the simplest yet most difficult thing in the world，because everyone can do it，but not everyone will do．Only the one who can hold on a simple thing may make it．
64．What did all the students think of Socrates asked them to do．
A．It's very interesting．
B．It's too simple．
C．It's so exciting．
D．it's very difficult．
65．How often did Socrates asked his students to do the action of swinging．
A.100 times 10 days．
B.100 times 3 months．
C.100 times 20 days．
D.100 times a day．
66．Why did score is asked his students to do the simplest action．
A．To keep his student healthy．
B．To learn the skills of the action．
C．To develop the perseverance．
D．To take up a new hobby．
67．According to the passage，which is the best title？
A．Can you hold on？
B．Can you be a good listener？
C．Can you think more．
D．Can you be a clever student？
Some English words have more than one meaning．These are called multi﹣meaning words．
Multi﹣meaning words have the same pronunciation with different meanings．For example，let's look at the word "ball"．You could have a "ball" which means you would have a good time．You could toss a "ball" which means you throw an object．You could be on the "ball" which means you know what is happening．You could go to a "ball" which means a dance．
______Take the word "can"．You "can" ride a bike which means you are able to ride a bike．You have a "can" of soup which means the soup is in a round﹣shaped holder．You can do the "can﹣can "which is a dance from the 1920s．And you might get "canned" if you do a poor job at work，which means you might lose your job．
How about "fly"？You can "fly" an airplane or you can hit a "fly" that is on your food in your house．Or，you can "fly by the seat of your pants" which means you don't make a plan before taking an action．And，you know that the "fly" of a zipper is the top part of the zipper．
There are hundreds of words that are multi﹣meaning words．The word "set" has more meanings than any other word in the English language．When you have time，why don't you try to think of all the ways the word "set" is used？
If you look at the title of this book Can a Fly，Fly？…you know that the answer is "Yes" because you have seen an insect named a "fly" go up in the air and move around through the air…which is what "fly" means．Can a Fly，Fly？Of course，it can!
38．If Tom is often late for work and fails to finish his tasks，he will ．
A．do the can﹣can
B．get canned
C．be on the ball
D．go to a ball
39．According to the passage，the word" "has the most meanings in the English language．
A．ball
B．can
C．set
D．fly
40．Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in paragraph 3？
A．Let's try another word．
B．Let's make a word list．
C．Here's a survey report．
D．Here's the guessing game．
41．The writer writes the passage in order to ．
A．tell a story about learning English words
B．introduce a book on learning English words
C．share an experience in learning English words
D．present different pronunciations of the same word．
试题篮
()
粤公网安备 44130202000953号
