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Cutting meat production and consumption by 30 percent would help to reduce carbon emissions(排放) and improve health in the most meat-loving nations, scientists said on Wednesday.
Using prediction models, British and Australian researchers  1   that improving efficiency, increasing carbon capture and   fossil fuel dependence in farming would not be enough to  3    emissions targets.
But combining these steps   a 30 percent reduction in livestock(家畜)  5   in major meat-producing nations and a similar   in meat-eating, would lead to "substantial population health benefits" and cut emissions, they said.
The study found that in Britain, a 30 percent 7  intake of animal-source saturated(饱和的) fat by adults would reduce the   of premature(过早的) deaths from heart disease by some 17 percent -- equivalent to 18,000 premature deaths reduced in one year.
In Sao Paulo, Brazil, it could mean as   as 1,000 premature deaths reduced in a year, they said.
10   the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization, 18 percent of all greenhouse gas emissions are from meat production and experts say rising 11   for meat, particularly in countries with growing economies, could 12   livestock production up by 85 percent from 2000 levels 13   2030.
The scientists said global action was needed to maximize the benefits of cutting meat production and 14 , and that the environmental 15   "may apply only in those countries that currently have high production levels."
The study was 16   in The Lancet medical journal as part of a series in climate change and health 17   the Copenhagen global climate summit scheduled next month.
In a second study, British scientists found that increased walking and cycling, and 18   cars, would have a much greater impact on health 19   low-emission vehicles in rich and middle-income countries.
Andrew Haines, director of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and head of the research series, said delegates at Copenhagen needed "to understand the potential 20   impacts of their plans."
(   ) 1. A. invented             B. experimented    C. found                  D. proved
(   ) 2. A. increasing          B. speeding           C. stopping          D. reducing
(   ) 3. A. meet                  B. change             C. break                      D. adapt
(   ) 4. A. by                       B. with                 C. to                    D. in
(   ) 5. A. sale                   B. eating               C. production               D. use
(   ) 6. A. cut                    B. increase            C. addition            D. consumption
(   ) 7. A. lower                 B. higher              C. more                D. less
(   ) 8. A. amount                 B. number            C. quantity            D. deal
(   ) 9. A. much                 B. many                      C. few                  D. little
(   ) 10. A. According to     B. Apart from    C. As well as         D. In addition to
(   ) 11. A. resistance          B. fear                  C. demand            D. anxiety
(   ) 12. A. weaken            B. strengthen         C. drive                D. broaden
(   ) 13. A. in                    B. by                    C. from                D. after
(   ) 14. A. evaluation               B. consumption     C. process             D. store
(   ) 15. A. advantage         B. disadvantage     C. pollution          D. improvement
(   ) 16. A. written             B. claimed            C. delivered          D. published
(   ) 17. A. along with               B. from behind      C. ahead of           D. in front of
(   ) 18. A. more                B. fewer                      C. no                    . none
(   ) 19. A. then                 B. as                    C. that                  D. than
(   ) 20. A. health                 B. body                C. spirit                D. emotion

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Seasonal influenza is characterized by a sudden fever, cough, headache, muscle and joint pain, sore throat and runny nose. Most people recover from fever and   1  symptoms within a week without requiring medical attention. But influenza can  2  severe illness or death in people at high risk. The time from infection to illness is about two days.
Yearly influenza epidemics can  3   affect all age groups, but the highest risk of complications occur among children younger than age two, adults age 65 or older, and people of  4   age with certain medical conditions, such as chronic heart, lung, kidney, liver, blood or metabolic diseases, or weakened immune systems.
Seasonal influenza  5   easily and can sweep through schools, nursing homes or businesses and towns. When an   6    person coughs, infected droplets get into the air and another person can breathe them  7    and be exposed. The virus can also be spread by hands infected with the virus.  8    transmission, people should cover their mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing, and  9   their hands regularly.
Drugs for influenza are   10   in some countries and effectively prevent and treat the illness. Some influenza viruses develop  11    to the antiviral medicines, limiting the effectiveness of treatment.
Influenza epidemics occur    12   during autumn and winter in temperate regions. Illnesses result in hospitalizations and deaths mainly among high-risk groups. Worldwide, these annual epidemics result in about three to five million   13     of severe illness, and about 250 000 to 500 000 deaths.
Influenza can cause serious public health and economic problems. In   14    countries, epidemics can result in high levels of worker absenteeism and productivity   15   .   16    most people recover from a bout(轮) of influenza, there are large numbers of people who need hospital treatment and many   17    die from the disease every year.   18     is known about the effects of influenza epidemics in developing countries.
The most    19   way to prevent the disease or severe outcomes from the illness is vaccination. Vaccination is especially important for people at higher risk of serious influenza complications, and for people who live with or care  20    high risk individuals.
(  ) 1. A. its                 B. it’s                    C. all                    D. other
(  ) 2. A. cause                B. lead                  C. result                D. bring
(  ) 3. A. lightly           B. slightly             C. seriously           D. heavily
(  ) 4. A. all                 B. any                   C. no                    D. both
(  ) 5. A. goes                 B. spreads              C. comes           D. happens
(  ) 6. A. to infect        B. infecting           C.  infected          D. infect
(  ) 7. A. off                B. away                 C. out                   D. in
(  ) 8. A. To prevent     B. To protect          C. To prepare         D. To prefect
(  ) 9. A. wash             B. washing            C. to wash             D. washed
(  ) 10. A. free             B. available           C. useful               D. helpful
(  ) 11. A. assistance     B. resistance          C. consistence        D. preference
(  ) 12. A. monthly              B. weekly              C. daily                 D. yearly
(  ) 13. A. pieces          B. states                C. conditions         D. cases
(  ) 14. A. developed    B. developing        C. big                   D. small
(  ) 15. A. lose             B. losses                C. loose                 D. lost
(  ) 16. A. For                B. Because             C. While               D. Whether
(  ) 17. A. /                 B. which               C. do                    D. who
(  ) 18. A. Little           B. Much                C. Few                  D. Lot
(  ) 19. A. Affective         B. effective            C. attractive           D. aggressive
(  ) 20. A. about           B. of                       C. for                    D. to

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Money, or the lack of it, changes everything, and that includes how people will be working out in 2010.
In these belt-tightening times  1  , cost-conscious workouts(锻炼)at home and at the gym topped the list of fitness trends for this year in a survey, followed  2   by shorter, more time-efficient regimens, such as  3   boot camp(强力集中训练) and circuit training.
"People are looking  4   for ways to accomplish as much as possible with as little  5   time and money as necessary," said Cedric X. Bryant, chief science officer of the American Council on Exercise (ACE), which conducted the online poll of fitness professionals.
"Last year money was on the list but this  6   year the majority of the respondents put  7   it as one of the top," he added.
Bryant said some 600 ACE-certified fitness  8   professionals responded to the annual poll  9  , which the non-profit organization has been conducting for a decade.
Other money-saving measures  10  , such as the shift from personal training sessions to small group training  11   classes and in-home workouts  12   using smaller, more portable equipment, also made the list.
"Personal trainers are seeing they've got to respond to market needs  13  . Working with two to four clients at a  14   time they can charge less  15   but still get their hourly fee," Bryant said.
Boot-camp workouts and circuit training, both of which burn  16   calories while building strength and endurance(持久性), will be among the most popular trends in 2010, as time-constrained(受压制的) consumers  17   seek shorter, more intense activities.
One bright spot is the rise of exergaming-type systems, like Nintendo's Wii Sports, Wii Fit and the PC-based Dancetown. Bryant says the fitness-based video games are turning up  18   in health clubs and senior centers.
Functional training workouts, which are geared to improving the quality of life and the ability to perform everyday tasks, will remain strong  19  , and the use of computerized tracking and online training and scheduling tools will increase  20   in the coming year.
(   ) 1. A. times                 B. years                C. centuries           D. societies
(   ) 2. A. caught                      B. followed           C. covered            D. conducted
(   ) 3. A. such like            B. in other words   C. such as             D. that is to say
(   ) 4. A. taking                B. developing        C. opening            D. looking
(   ) 5. A. little                  B. much                      C. many                      D. few
(   ) 6. A. that                   B. next                 C. this                  D. previous
(   ) 7. A. manage              B. put                   C. try                   D. organize
(   ) 8. A. medicine            B. train                 C. economy          D. fitness
(   ) 9. A. poll                   B. conference           C. observation       D. reception
(   ) 10. A. measures          B. procedures           C. policies            D. systems
(   ) 11. A. speaking           B. training            C. exercising         D. processing
(   ) 12. A. work             B. workouts          C. rest                  D. race
(   ) 13. A. changes            B. prices                  C. needs                      D. habits
(   ) 14. A. some                B. no                    C. any                  D. a
(   ) 15. A. less                  B. fewer                      C. more                D. much
(   ) 16. A. produce            B. burn                 C. cut                   D. add
(   ) 17. A. professionals     B. students            C. consumers               D. trainers
(   ) 18. A. turning up               B. turning down    C. turning around D. turning out
(   ) 19. A. weak                B. useful               C. strong              D. possible
(   ) 20. A. decrease           B. appear              C. increase            D. want

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Don't blame genes for aging facial skin. A new study of twins suggests you can   1   those coarse(粗糙的) wrinkles, brown or pink spots, and dilated(膨胀的) blood vessels on too much time in the sun, smoking, and being overweight.
Because twins share genes, but may have 2  exposures to environmental factors, studying twins allows an, "opportunity to control for genetic susceptibility(敏感性)," Dr. Elma D. Baron, at Case Western Reserve School of Medicine in Cleveland, Ohio, and colleagues 3  in the latest issue of Archives of Dermatology.
Their analysis of environmental skin-damaging factors in 65 pairs of twins hints that skin aging is 4  more to environment and lifestyle than 5   factors.
But when it   6   skin cancer, the researchers say their findings support previous reports that   7  environment and genes affect skin cancer risk.
Baron's team   8   facial skin of 130 twins, 18 to 77 years old, who lived 9   in the northern Midwest and Eastern regions of the U.S. who were 10   the Twins Days Festival in Ohio in August 2002.
At this time, each of the twins also 11   reported how their skin burned or tanned 12    sunscreen(防晒霜), their weight, and their history of skin cancer, smoking, and alcohol drinking.
The study group   13   of 52 fraternal and 10 identical twin pairs, plus 3 pairs who were unsure of their twin status. Identical(同卵的) twins share all of their genes and fraternal twins share only about half.
From these data, the researchers 14  strong ties, outside of twin status, between smoking, older age, and being overweight, and having facial skin with evidence of environmental 15 
16   contrast, sunscreen use and drinking alcohol appeared correlated with   17    skin damage.
Baron and colleagues say the current findings, which highlight ties between facial   18  and potentially avoidable  19   factors -- such as smoking, being overweight, and   20   overexposure to the sun's damaging rays -- may help motivate people to minimize these risky behaviors.
(    ) 1. A. blame                        B. owe                 C. take                 D. bring
(    ) 2. A. same                       B. different           C. similar             D. common
(    ) 3. A. explain                    B. confirm            C. declare             D. shout
(    ) 4. A. equal                             B. related              C. close                D. strict
(    ) 5. A. characteristic           B. personal           C. natural             D. genetic
(    ) 6. A. comes to                 B. talks of             C. refers to           D. gets to
(    ) 7. A. all                          B. neither             C. both                 D. either
(    ) 8. A. examined                B. checked            C. inspected          D. interviewed
(    ) 9. A. most                       B. usually             C. mostly              D. always
(    ) 10. A. joining                  B. representing      C. attending          D. remarking
(    ) 11. A. separately                 B. lonely              C. commonly               D. truly
(    ) 12. A. with                             B. on                    C. in                    D. without
(    ) 13. A. consisted                      B. made up         C. contained      D. included
(    ) 14. A. documented           B. recorded           C. reported           D. noted
(   ) 15. A. damage                 B. exploration       C. protection         D. material
(    ) 16. A. In                         B. By                   C. As                    D. At
(    ) 17. A. lesser                    B. more                C. no                    D. fewer
(    ) 18. A. look                             B. aging                      C. expression               D. wrinkle
(    ) 19. A. environmental               B. genetic             C. emotional         D. psychological
(    ) 20. A. protected                      B. planned            C. unprotected       D. prevented

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Some personal characteristics play an important role in the development of one’s intelligence . But people fail to realize the importance of training these factors in young people .
The so-called ‘non-intelligence factors’(非智力因素)include    36     feelings , will , motivation (动机), interests and habits . After a 30-year follow-up study of 8000 males , American psychologists (心理学)   37     that the main cause of disparities in intelligence is not intelligence     38    , but non-intelligence factors including the desire to learn , will power and self-confidence .
39    people all know that one should have definite objectives , a strong will and good learning habits , quite a number of teachers and parents don’t pay much attention to     40    these factors .
Some parents are greatly worried    41     their children fail to do well in their studies . They blame either genetic (遗传的)factors , malnutrition ,(营养不良)or laziness , but they never take     42    consideration these non-intelligence factors . At the same time , some teachers don’t inquire into these , as reasons    43     students do poorly . They simply give them more courses and exercises , or     44    criticize or laugh at them . After all , these students lose self-confidence . Some of them just feel defeated and     45    themselves up as hopeless . Others may go astray(迷途)because they are sick of learning .   46     investigation of more than 1,000 middle school students in Shanghai showed that 46.5 per cent of them were   47      of learning , because of examinations , 36.4 per cent lacked persistence , initiative (主动)and consciousness (正直地、谨慎的)and 10.3 per cent were sick of learning .
It is clear    48     the lack of cultivation (培养) of non-intelligence factors has been a main     49    to intelligence development in teenagers . It even causes an imbalance between physiological (生理的)and    50     development among a few students .
If we don’t start now to   51      the cultivation of non-intelligence factors , it will not only affect the development of the   52      of teenagers , but also affect the quality of a whole generation . Some experts have put forward    53     about how to cultivate students’ non-intelligence factors .
First , parents and teachers should    54     understand teenage psychology . On this basis , they can help them to pursue (调动)the objectives of learning ,     55   their interests and toughening their willpower .
36.A.one’s                     B.their                             C.his                         D.her
37.A.came out                B.found out                  C.made out                D.worked out
38.A.in itself                  B.by itself                 C.itself                      D.on its own
39.A.Though                  B.Nevertheless            C.However                D.Moreover
40.A.believing                      B.studying                 C.cultivating              D.developing
41.A.about                     B.when                     C.how                       D.whether
42.A.for                        B.in                          C.into                        D.over
43.A.why                             B.that                       C.when                     D.how
44.A.ever                             B.even                      C.still                       D.more
45.A.put                        B.get                         C.handle                   D.give
46.A.The                       B.An                         C.Another                  D.A
47.A.afraid                    B.ahead                     C.aware                    D.ashamed
48.A.that                       B.how                       C.why                       D.which
49.A.difficulty                      B.question                 C.threat                     D.obstacle(障碍)
50.A.intelligent              B.characteristic          C.psychological         D.physical
51.A.practise                B.thrust                     C.strengthen              D.urge
52.A.intelligence            B.diligence                 C.maturity(成熟)   D.performance
53.A.projects                 B.warnings                C.suggestions             D.decision
54.A.fully                      B.greatly                   C.very                             D.highly
55.A.insuring                 B.going                     C.encouraging           D.exciting

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Once again, science supports what your grandmother told you: A good night's sleep helps your body fight a cold.
People who averaged fewer than seven hours of sleep per   1   in the weeks before being exposed to the cold virus were nearly three times  2   likely to get sick as those who  3   eight hours or more, a new study found.
Researchers used frequent telephone  4   to track the sleep  5   of more than 150 men and women aged 21 to 55 over the course of a few weeks. Then they  6   the subjects to the virus, quarantined them for five days and kept  7   of who got sick.
8   sleeping more, sleeping better also seemed to  9   the body fight illness: Patients who fared better on a measure  10   as 'sleep efficiency' - the percentage of time in bed that you're actually sleeping - were also  11   likely to get sick.
The results held  12   even after researchers  13   for variables such as body-mass index, age, sex, smoking and pre-existing antibodies to the  14   .
15   your grandmother, the researchers aren't exactly sure  16   sleeping better makes you less likely to  17   a cold. But they  18    take a stab at the answer: 'Sleep disturbance influences the regulation of proinflammatory cytokines(促炎细胞因子), histamines, and other symptom mediators that are released in response to infection.' In plain English, maybe tossing and turning when you're  19   with the cold virus  20   to the symptoms that define a cold.
The researchers were based at Carnegie Mellon, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Virginia, and the study was funded by the National Institutes of Health.
(   ) 1. A. day             B. night                C. week                       D. month
(   ) 2. A. more          B. as                    C. less                         D. same
(   ) 3. A. occurred     B. worked             C. averaged                  D. longed
(   ) 4. A. interviews   B. reports             C. announcements         D. demands
(   ) 5. A. hobbies       B. quality             C. progress                  D. habits
(   ) 6. A. exposed      B. placed              C. protected                 D. prayed
(   ) 7. A. touch          B. check                      C. track                       D. reward
(   ) 8. A. Except               B. Besides             C. Within                     D. Through
(   ) 9. A. benefit               B. guard                C. help                             D. assist
(   ) 10. A. known      B. acted                C. appointed                D. classified
(   ) 11. A. more         B. less                  C. far                          D. totally
(   ) 12. A. ideal         B. false              C. actual                         D. true
(   ) 13. A. adopted     B. adjusted            C. enlarged                  D. employed
(   ) 14. A. bodies       B. cells                 C. virus                       D. medicines
(   ) 15. A. Like          B. As                    C. Against                    D. By
(   ) 16. A. What               B. When                  C. Where                     D. Why
(   ) 17. A. develop     B. form                C. fight                       D. prevent
(   ) 18. A. did           B. often                C. do                           D. never
(   ) 19. A. infected     B. surrounded       C. limited                    D. attached
(   ) 20. A. pulls         B. promotes          C. speeds                     D. contributes

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Elderly people who drink several cups of green tea a day are less likely to suffer from depression, probably due to a "feel good" chemical found in this type of tea, Japanese researchers said.
Several studies have    1  drinking green tea to lessening psychological problems and Kaijun Niu, of Tohoku University Graduate School, and colleagues found people    2   70 and older who drank four or more cups of green tea daily were 44 percent   3     likely to experience depression.
Green tea is widely   4    in many Asian countries,  5    China and Japan.
Niu's team   6     1,058 relatively healthy elderly men and women. About 34 percent of the men and 39 percent of the women had symptoms of    7  , according to the study that was   8      in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
A total of 488 participants said they    9    four or more cups of green tea a day, 284 said they downed two to three cups    10   and the rest reported having one or fewer cups daily.
According to the researchers, the    11    effect of drinking more    12    tea on alleviating symptoms of depression did not    13   after they factored in social and economic status, gender, diet, history of medical problems and       14 of antidepressants.
There was no  15    between consumption of black or oolong tea, or coffee, and   16     symptoms of depression.
A green tea component, the amino acid thiamine(硫胺素), which is   17    to have a tranquilizing(镇静的)  18   on the brain, may  19  the "potentially beneficial effect" shown in the current study, Niu noted,   20   that more study is needed.
(    ) 1. A. linked                 B. taken         C. considered               D. regarded
(    ) 2. A. aging                      B. aged          C. years                D. age
(    ) 3. A. more                B. little          C. less                  D. much
(    ) 4. A. sold                 B. planted      C. spread               D. consumed
(    ) 5. A. including          B. concluding C. containing               D. considering
(    ) 6. A. looked for               B. checked     C. investigated      D. asked
(    ) 7. A. optimism          B. happiness   C. bitterness          D. depression
(    ) 8. A. published         B. come out   C. appeared           D. showed
(    ) 9. A. ate                   B. drank               C. swallowed               D. chewed
(    ) 10. A. weekly           B. daily          C. monthly           D. yearly
(    ) 11. A. apparent         B. light          C. huge                D. gentle
(    ) 12. A. black                     B. oolong      C. coffee              D. green
(    ) 13. A. fade                      B. disappear   C. run                  D. decease
(    ) 14. A. influence               B. effect               C. use                   D. result
(    ) 15. A. association      B. use            C. comparison       D. difference
(    ) 16. A. lower             B. increase     C. strengthen         D. cause
(    ) 17. A. assumed          B. thought     C. imaged              D. hoped
(    ) 18. A. effect             B. affect               C. effort                      D. outcome
(    ) 19. A. report             B. confirm     C. complete          D. explain
(    ) 20. A. adding            B. addressing        C. speaking           D. saying

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Word came that the government must control the spread of this disease.
“Our job,”said the 26 officer,“is to spray the wall of every house in every town and village in the malariaparts of Mexico.You may be 27 to learn that there are about ninety-nine thousand 28 villages and towns.Some are big places like the capital city, 29 are single houses deep in the forest or upon the mountaintops.The men working with our program say that most of these people 30 within districts which are 31 enough for the mala ria-carrying mosquitoesto live in and spread the disease.That 32 that we must plan to spray the bricks of 33 three million houses once or twice a year for five years.”
“We have 34 everything very carefully,”said the officer 35 .“Our advance guards have drawn 36 of some forty thousand parts of the country for 37 by the spray teams.Each house in the malaria districts has been given a special 38 so that we can work in order.The United States has given us cars and trucks to carry the spray teams and their 39 .”
“The malaria program has been 40 with the people in this country.Everyone wants to 41 .The Defense Department is helping us plan the 42 of men and supplies.The Education Department has printed sheets in Spanish to explain 43 malaria is spread.Resistance is a problem.It was in the neighboring country—the United States that such resistance to spray was first 44 .Take the 45 of the housefly and D.D.T. At fist D.D.T. killed them off.Now it won’t hurt a fly.”
“What worries people is the danger that the mosquitoes may become resistant,”said the officer at last.
26.A.education              B.wealth                       C.health                       D.medicine
27.A.surprised                     B.excited                      C.doubtful                    D.happy
28.A.united                  B.developing                C.similar                      D.separate
29.A.other                    B.some                         C.the others                  D.the few
30.A.sleep                    B.live                           C.stand                         D.sit
31.A.cold                            B.hot                           C.bright                       D.warm
32.A.saves                    B.expresses                   C.means                       D.is
33.A.nearly                  B.mostly                      C.finally                       D.only
34.A.read                            B.learnt                        C.written                      D.studied
35.A.mentioned            B.remembered                     C.started                       D.continued
36.A.pictures                B.places                       C.maps                         D.bus-lines
37.A.store                    B.use                           C.share                         D.show
38.A.name                    B.sign                          C.number                            D.attention
39.A.tools                   B.clothes                      C.families                     D.guns
40.A.familiar                B.friendly                     C.strict                         D.popular
41.A.work                    B.run                           C.stop                          D.help
42.A.movement            B.program                    C.action                       D.equipment
43.A.why                            B.how                          C.what                         D.that
44.A.proved                 B.killed                        C.thought                            D.discussed
45.A.event                    B.matter                       C.fact                           D.case

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Several years ago, well-known writer and editor Norman Cousins became very ill. His body ached and he felt constantly tired. It was difficult for him to even __21__ around. His doctor told him that he would lose the ability to move and eventually die from the disease. He was told he had only a 1 in 500 chance of survival.
Despite the diagnosis(诊断), Cousins was __22__ to overcome the disease and survive. He had always been interested in medicine and had read a book, which discussed the idea of how body chemistry and health can be damaged by emotional stress and negative __23__. The book made Cousins think about the possible __24__ of positive attitudes and emotions. He thought, “Is it possible that love, hope, faith, laughter, confidence, and the __25__ to 1ive have positive treatment value?”
He decided to concentrate on positive emotions as a way to treat some of the symptoms of his disease. In addition to his traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations that would __26__ positive emotions. “Laugh therapy” became part of his treatment. He __27__ time each day for watching comedy films, reading humorous books, and doing other activities that would draw out _28__ emotions. Within eight days of starting his ‘‘laugh therapy” program his pain began to __29__ and he was able to sleep more easily. He was able to return to work in a few months’ time and _30__ reached complete recovery after a few years.
21. A. run                    B. pass                         C. move                              D. travel
22. A. able                    B. determined              C. willing                               D. positive
23. A. attitudes             B. beliefs                      C. goals                              D. positions
24. A. shortcoming        B. harm                        C. benefit                                   D. interest
25. A. emotion                     B. pain                        C. fear                                D. will
26. A. bring about         B. set about                  C. put up                             D. make up
27. A. afforded                B. appointed                 C. offered                           D. arranged
28. A. positive                     B. approving                 C. strong                             D. mixed
29. A. escape                B. decrease                   C. shrink                             D. end
30. A. generally            B. especially                 C. actually                           D. presently

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Parents who smoke often open a window or turn on a fan to clear the air for their children, but experts now have identified a related threat to children's health that isn't as easy to get rid of: third-hand smoke。
That's the term being   1   to describe the invisible yet poisonous mixture of gases and particles(颗粒) clinging(依附) to smokers' hair and   2  , not to mention cushions and carpeting, that stays long after second-hand smoke has cleared from a room. The remaining   3  heavy metals, carcinogens(致癌物) and even radioactive materials that young children can get on their hands and take in,   4  if they're crawling or playing on the floor。
Doctors from MassGeneral Hospital for Children in Boston coined the term "third-hand smoke" to   5  these chemicals in a new study that   6  on the risks they pose to infants and children. The study was published in the  7  issue of the journal Pediatrics。
"Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is bad,   8  they don't know about this," said Dr. Jonathan P. Winickoff, the lead author of the study and an assistant professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School。
"When their kids are   9  the house, they might smoke. Or they smoke in the car. Or they strap(用带子捆扎) the kid in the car seat in the back and crack the window and   10  , and they think it's okay because the second-hand smoke isn't getting to their  11  . We needed a term to describe these tobacco toxins that aren't 12  ."
The study reported on  13  toward smoking in 1,500 households across the United States. It found that the vast majority of both smokers and nonsmokers were   14  that second-hand smoke is harmful to children. Some 95 percent of nonsmokers and 84 percent of smokers  15  with the statement that "inhaling smoke from a parent's cigarette can   16  the health of infants and children"。
But   17  fewer of those surveyed were aware of the  18  of third-hand smoke. Since the term is so new, the researchers asked people if they agreed with the statement that "breathing air in a room   19  where people smoked yesterday can harm the health of infants and children"。
Only 65 percent of nonsmokers and 43 percent of smokers agreed with that  20  , which researchers interpreted as acknowledgement of the risks of third-hand smoke。
(    ) 1. A. told                 B. discussed   C. used                 D. mentioned
(    ) 2. A. shoes                      B. clothing     C. body                D. mouth
(    ) 3. A. includes           B. covers       C. finds                D. improves
(    ) 4. A. especially         B. specially    C. immediately      D. regularly
(    ) 5. A. name                      B. call           C. explain             D. describe
(    ) 6. A. focused            B. tended       C. tried                 D. worked
(    ) 7. A. later                 B. latest         C. best                  D. previous
(    ) 8. A. but                  B. and           C. however           D. or
(    ) 9. A. alongside          B. out of           C. in                    D. beside
(    ) 10. A. cough             B. talk           C. observe            D. smoke
(    ) 11. A. cars                B. seats          C. kids                 D. windows
(    ) 12. A. visible            B. invisible    C. poisonous         D. concrete
(    ) 13. A. policies          B. attitudes    C. bans                 D. habits
(    ) 14. A. told                B. content      C. confident          D. aware
(    ) 15. A. opposed          B. agreed       C. fought              D. connected
(    ) 16. A. harm                 B. destroy      C. improve           D. confuse
(    ) 17. A. quite                 B. very          C. far                   D. too
(    ) 18. A. chances          B. risks          C. abilities            D. conditions
(    ) 19. A. tomorrow     B. today               C. yesterday          D. weekend
(    ) 20. A. statement               B. mark         C. discussion         D. Prejudice

来源:完形填空
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Many people find that regular physical activity gives them an unexpected benefit. They sleep better and wake up feeling more __1__, in part due to increased amounts of deep sleep. Deep sleep may play a role in the body restoring (恢复) itself __2__ , as opposed to REM (rapid eye movement) or dreaming sleep. Researchers have found that physical exercise, especially __3__ in the afternoon or early evening, produces more __4__ early in the night.
__5__ can also help you get a better night’s sleep in a number of indirect ways. The relaxation and tiredness __6__ by exercise can improve sleep.
Exercise encourages weight loss and also may __7__ depression. Exercising later in the day can also help delay the __8__ drop in your body’s temperature. The __9__ of exercise are especially important for older people, __10__ exercise has been shown to increase the amount of sleep senior adults get in a night and reduce the time it takes to fall asleep. But be sure you finish exercising at least 4 hours before bedtime-working out later than that could leave you too excited to fall asleep easily.  



A.conscious B.peaceful C.effective D.refreshed


A.physically B.mentally C.emotionally D.regularly


A.made B.done C.functioned D.conducted


A.night’s sleep B.dreaming sleep C.deep sleep D.REM


A.Exercise B.Dreams C.researchers D.Doctors


A.recovered B.strengthened C.caused D.reduced


A.increase B.relieve C.release D.arouse


A.nighttime B.daytime C.dinnertime D.lifetime


A.disadvantages B.benefits C.ways D.plays


A.yet B.if C.when D.since
来源:完形填空(10空)
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Money, or the lack of it, changes everything, and that includes how people will be working out in 2010.
In these belt-tightening times  1  , cost-conscious workouts(锻炼)at home and at the gym topped the list of fitness trends for this year in a survey, followed  2   by shorter, more time-efficient regimens, such as  3   boot camp(强力集中训练) and circuit training.
"People are looking  4   for ways to accomplish as much as possible with as little  5   time and money as necessary," said Cedric X. Bryant, chief science officer of the American Council on Exercise (ACE), which conducted the online poll of fitness professionals.
"Last year money was on the list but this  6   year the majority of the respondents put  7   it as one of the top," he added.
Bryant said some 600 ACE-certified fitness  8   professionals responded to the annual poll  9  , which the non-profit organization has been conducting for a decade.
Other money-saving measures  10  , such as the shift from personal training sessions to small group training  11   classes and in-home workouts  12   using smaller, more portable equipment, also made the list.
"Personal trainers are seeing they've got to respond to market needs  13  . Working with two to four clients at a  14   time they can charge less  15   but still get their hourly fee," Bryant said.
Boot-camp workouts and circuit training, both of which burn  16   calories while building strength and endurance(持久性), will be among the most popular trends in 2010, as time-constrained(受压制的)consumers  17   seek shorter, more intense activities.
One bright spot is the rise of exergaming-type systems, like Nintendo's Wii Sports, Wii Fit and the PC-based Dancetown. Bryant says the fitness-based video games are turning up  18   in health clubs and senior centers.
Functional training workouts, which are geared to improving the quality of life and the ability to perform everyday tasks, will remain strong  19  , and the use of computerized tracking and online training and scheduling tools will increase  20   in the coming year.
(   ) 1. A. times                 B. years                C. centuries           D. societies
(   ) 2. A. caught                      B. followed           C. covered            D. conducted
(   ) 3. A. such like            B. in other words   C. such as             D. that is to say
(   ) 4. A. taking                B. developing        C. opening            D. looking
(   ) 5. A. little                  B. much                      C. many                      D. few
(   ) 6. A. that                   B. next                 C. this                  D. previous
(   ) 7. A. manage              B. put                   C. try                   D. organize
(   ) 8. A. medicine            B. train                C. economy          D. fitness
(   ) 9. A. poll                   B. conference        C. observation       D. reception
(   ) 10. A. measures          B. procedures        C. policies            D. systems
(   ) 11. A. speaking           B. training            C. exercising         D. processing
(   ) 12. A. work             B. workouts          C. rest                  D. race
(   ) 13. A. changes            B. prices               C. needs                      D. habits
(   ) 14. A. some                B. no                    C. any                  D. a
(   ) 15. A. less                  B. fewer                      C. more                D. much
(   ) 16. A. produce            B. burn                 C. cut                   D. add
(   ) 17. A. professionals     B. students            C. consumers               D. trainers
(   ) 18. A. turning up               B. turning down    C. turning around D. turning out
(   ) 19. A. weak                B. useful               C. strong              D. possible
(   ) 20. A. decrease           B. appear              C. increase            D. want

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Here's a new warning from health experts: Sitting is deadly. Scientists are increasingly warning that sitting for prolonged periods — even if you also exercise regularly — could be  1  for your health. And it doesn't matter where the sitting takes place — at the office, at school, in the car or before a computer or TV — just the overall number of hours it    2   .
Research is preliminary, but several studies   3  people who spend most of their days sitting are more likely to be fat, have a heart attack or even die.
In an editorial  4  this week in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, Elin Ekblom-Bak of the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences suggested that authorities rethink how they define    5  activity to highlight the dangers of sitting.
While health officials have issued guidelines  6  minimum amounts of physical activity, they haven't suggested people try to limit how much time they spend in a seated    7  .
"After four hours of sitting, the body starts to send  8  signals," Ekblom-Bak said. She explained that genes regulating the amount of glucoseand fat in the    9  start to shut down.
Even for people who  10   , spending long stretches of time sitting at a desk is still harmful. Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization, said people who exercise every day —  11  still spend a lot of time sitting — might get more benefit if that exercise were spread across the day,    12  in a single bout.
That wasn't  13  news for Aytekin Can, 31, who works at a London financial company, and spends most of his days sitting     14   a computer. Several evenings a week, Can also teaches jiu jitsu, a Japanese martial art  15  wrestling, and also does Thai boxing.
"I'm sure there are some detrimental  16  of staying still for too long, but I hope that being    17  when I can helps," he said. "I wouldn't want to think the sitting could be   18  dangerous."
Still, in a study published last year that tracked more than 17,000 Canadians for about a dozen years, researchers found people who sat  19  had a higher death risk, independently of whether or not they exercised.
Figures from a US survey in 2003-2004 found Americans spend more than half their time sitting, from working at their desks to sitting in cars.
Experts said more research is needed to   20  just how much sitting is dangerous, and what might be possible to offset those effects.
(   ) 1. A. bad                    B. good                C. mean                D. dead
(   ) 2. A. does                  B. occurs              C. matches            D. dies
(   ) 3. A. advise                B. talk                  C. suggest             D. say
(   ) 4. A. thrown                      B. caught              C. seen                 D. published
(   ) 5. A. biological           B. physical            C. psychological    D. logical
(   ) 6. A. commending      B. mending           C. recommending D. communicating
(   ) 7. A. stand                 B. state                 C. post                 D. position
(   ) 8. A. harmful             B. careful             C. wonderful         D. skillful
(   ) 9. A. head                  B. arm                  C. body                D. foot
(   ) 10. A. sleep                B. rest                  C. walk                D. exercise
(   ) 11. A. and                  B. so                    C. but                   D. then
(   ) 12. A. rather than               B. other than         C. more than         D. less than
(   ) 13. A. bad                  B. harmful            C. disadvantage     D. welcome
(   ) 14. A. behind             B. back                 C. in front of               D. forward
(   ) 15. A. referring          B. involving          C. taking              D. bringing
(   ) 16. A. effects              B. prefects            C. affects              D. offers
(   ) 17. A. inactive            B. active                  C. interactive               D. positive
(   ) 18. A. such                 B. little                 C. lot                   D. that
(   ) 19. A. less                  B. fewer                      C. more                D. further
(   ) 20. A. leave out          B. bring out          C. hold out           D. figure out

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It seems parents have long been right. Going to bed early is key to getting enough sleep and helping adolescents feel on top of the world, a new study reported.
A   1   of sleep among youngsters may    2   depression and suicidal (自杀的)thoughts, according to the study by the Columbia University Medical Center.
"Our results are   3   with the theory that inadequate sleep is a risk factor for depression, working with other   4   and protective factors through multiple possible causal pathways to the development of this   5   disorder," said lead author James Gangwisch.
"  6   quality sleep could therefore be a preventative measure against   7  and a treatment for depression," he added in the study   8   in the Friday issue of Sleep magazine.
The study followed the nightly habits of some 15,659 college and high-school students, and   9  those who consistently went to bed   10  midnight had a 24 percent higher risk of depression than those who turned in before 10:00 pm.
Night owls(夜猫子)also ran a 20 percent   11  risk of battling suicidal thoughts, the study added.
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine   12   that adolescents should sleep at least nine hours or more a night. Those who were tucked in before 10:00 pm reported they slept   13   about eight hours and 10 minutes.
But that amount of sleep   14  significantly for those in bed after midnight.
And adolescents who slept five hours or less a night were 71 percent more   15  to suffer depression and 48 percent more    16   becoming suicidal, the study said.
"It is a common perception and societal   17  that adolescents do not need as much sleep as pre-adolescents, yet studies suggest that adolescents may  18   require more sleep," said Gangwisch.
"Studies have found that adolescents do not go to bed   19  enough to make up for earlier school start times, and transitions to earlier school start times have been shown to be   20  with significant sleep deprivation(剥夺). "
(    ) 1. A. night                B. moderation       C. limit                D. lack
(    ) 2. A. result in           B. lie in                C. come about       D. bring in
(    ) 3. A. opposed           B. mixed              C. related              D. consistent
(    ) 4. A. risk                  B. chance              C. potential           D. reason
(    ) 5. A. mood                      B. body                C. feeling             D. mind
(    ) 6. A. little                B. lack                 C. Adequate          D. over
(    ) 7. A. suffering          B. depression               C. disorder            D. sadness
(    ) 8. A. reported           B. published          C. reflected           D. noted
(    ) 9. A. found                      B. investigated      C. appraised          D. supported
(    ) 10. A. before            B. from                C. by                    D. after
(    ) 11. A. lower             B. higher              C. more                D. less
(    ) 12. A. appeals           B. recommends     C. calls                 D. plans
(    ) 13. A. on average      B. in place            C. ahead of          D. in number
(    ) 14. A. increased               B. disappeared       C. strengthened     D. dropped
(    ) 15. A. likely             B. probable           C. possible            D. perhaps
(    ) 16. A. at sight of     B. at risk of          C. in front of               D. as a result of
(    ) 17. A. wish                  B. expectation       C. suggestion               D. attempt
(    ) 18. A. exactly           B. immediately      C. directly            D. actually
(    ) 19. A. early                 B. lately                      C. soon                 D. quickly
(    ) 20. A. separated               B. associated         C. divided             D. depended

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  A true apology is more than just acknowledgement(承认)of a mistake. It’s recognition that something you’ve said or  36  has damaged a relationship - and that you  37  enough about that relationship to want it  38 .
  It’s never  39  to acknowledge yon are in the wrong. Being human, we all need the art of apology. Look hack and think how  40  you’ve judged roughly(草率),said  41  things,pushed yourself  42 at the expense(在使某人受损的情况下)of a friend. Some deep thought in us know that when  43  a small mistake has been made, your  44  will stay out of balance until the mistake is acknowledged and your regret is  45 .
  I remember a doctor friend,  46  me about a man who came to him with  47  illnesses: headache, insomnia(失眠),stomachaches and so on. No physical  48  could be found. Finally the doctor said to the man,“  49  you tell me what’s on your conscience(良心),I can’t help you.”
After a short silence, the man told the doctor that he  50  all the money that his father gave to his brother, who was  51  His father had died, so only he himself knew the matter. The old doctor made the man write to his brother making an  52  and enclosing(附寄)a 53 .In the post office, the man dropped the letter into the mail box. As the letter disappeared, the man  54  into team. “Thank you, doctor,”he said,“I think I'm all right now.”And he  55 .
  36.A. done B. thought C. announced D. expected
  37.A. lost B. care C. advise D. heard
  38.A. built B. formed C. repaired D. damaged
  39.A. difficult B. easy C. foolish D. shy
  40.A. long B. often C. much D. soon
  41.A. unusual B. harmful C. precious D. unkind
  42.A. ahead B. away C. down D off
  43.A. still B. even C. only D. such
  44.A. sense B. brain C. weight D. feeling
  45.A. shown B. explanined C. offered D. expressed
  46.A. asking B. telling C. requiring D. setting
  47.A. strange B. serious C. various D. much
  48.A. signs B. reason C. cause D. marks
  49.A. Whenever B. Unless C. Suppose D. Although
  50.A. stole B. accepted C. seized D. wasted
  51.A. mad B. lost C. abroad D. dead
  52.A. order B. excuse C. agreement D. apology
  53.A. note B. card C. check D. photo
  54.A. joyed B. burst C. laughed D. cried
  55.A. should B. did C. had D. was

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高中英语健康完型填空