完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Apes and human beings share a lot in common when it comes to behavior. The evidence taken from the observation of the behavior of apes and children suggests that there are three causes for the outbreak of fighting and the exhibition of by individuals.
One of the most common causes of fighting among both children and apes was over the ___ ___ of external objects. The argument over the ownership of any object---food, clothes, toys, females, and the affection of others--- was sufficient reason to __ ___ force. In a case of monkeys’ disagreement over females，thirty females were killed. Two points are of particular interest to notice about these fights for possession.
In the first place, the fights are often carried to such an extreme that they end in the __ __ destruction of the objects of common desire. Toys are torn to pieces and females are killed.
In the second place it is observable, that __ __ occurs when an object is desired by only one person or by someone else. There were many cases where toys and other objects which had been as useless were __ __ defended by their owners when they became the object of some other child’s desire.
Another cause of aggression is the tendency for children and apes are greatly to __ __ the invading of a stranger into their group. A new child in the class may be laughed at, and disliked. A new monkey may be bitten to death. It is interesting to note that anger occurs when a stranger comes from the __ __ species. Monkeys do not mind being _ __ by a goat or a rat. Children do not object when animals are introduced to the group. As a matter of fact, such newcomers are often __ _ . But when monkeys meet a new monkey or children a strange child, aggression often occurs. This strongly suggests that the reason for the aggression is fundamentally possessiveness. The competition of the newcomers is feared. The present members of the group feel that there will be more for the food or the of the adults.
Finally, another common of fighting among children is a frustration or failure in their own ___ __ .A child will be stopped either by __ __ causes such as bad weather or illness from doing something he wishes to do, for example, sail his boat or ride the bicycle. Sometimes the activity may be __ _ because of the opposition of some adult. The child may also frustrate itself by __ ___, through lack of skill or strength, to complete successfully some desired activity. Such a child will then in the ordinary sense become “naughty”. He will be in a bad or unfriendly temper.
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完形填空
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a reason, such as your job or your studies? perhaps you’re interested in the , films or music of a different country and you know it will help a lot to have a ________of the language.
Most people learn best using a variety of ________ , but traditional classes are an ideal (理想的) start for many people. They ________ an environment where you can practice under the ________ of someone who’s good at the language. We all lead ________ lives and learning a language takes ________ . You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a ________ . It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but knowing about it takes ________ .
Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I’m too ________ , ” they say. Yes, children do learn languages more ________ than adults，but research has shown that you can learn a language at any ________ . And learning is good for the health of your brain too. I’ve also heard people ________ about the mistakes they make when ________ . Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes ________ you’re much less likely to make them again.
Learning a new language is never ________. But with some work and devotion, you’ll make progress. And you’ll be ________ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in ________ own language. Good luck!
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Children find meanings in their old family tales.
When Stephen Guyer’s three children were growing up, he told them stories about how his grandfather, a banker, all in the 1930s, but did not lose sight of what he valued most. In one of the darkest times his strong-minded grandfather was nearly , he loaded his family into the car and them to see family members in Canada with a ,“there are more important things in life than money. ”
The took on a new meaning recently when Mr. Guyer downsized to a house from a more expensive and comfortable one. He was that his children, a daughter, 15, and twins, 22, would be upset. To his surprise, they weren’t. , their reaction echoed （与---共鸣） their great-grandfather’s. What they was how warm the people were in the house and how of their heart was accessible.
Many parents are finding family stories have surprising power to help children hard times. Storytelling experts say the phenomenon reflects a growing in telling tales, evidenced by a rise in a storytelling events and festivals.
A university of 65 families with children aged from 14 to 16 found kids’ ability to parents’ stories was linked to a lower rate of anger and anxiety.
The is telling the stories in a way children can . We’re not talking here about the kind of story that , “ When I was a kid, I walked to school every day uphill both ways, barefoot in the snow. ” Instead, we should choose a story suited to the child’s , and make eye contact to create “a personal experience”, We don’t have to tell children they should take from the story and what the moral is. ”
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Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more than we realize. In fact, non-verbal(非言语)communication takes up about 50% of what we really .And body language is particularly _ when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it.. ,different societies treat the between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having contact(接触)even with friends, and certainly not with . People from Latin American countries ，touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in . it may look like a Latino is a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving _. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep which the Latino will in return regard as
Clearly, a great deal is going on when people . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from cultures, there's a strong possibility of . But whatever the situation, the best is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be .
A．straighter B．louder C．harder D．further
A．sounds B．invitations C．feelings D．messages
A．hope B．receive C．discover D．mean
A．immediate B．misleading C．important D．difficult
A．well B．far C．much D．long
A．For example B．Thus C．However D．In short
A．trade B．distance C．connection D．greetings
A．Eye B．Verbal C．Bodily D．telephone
A．strangers B．relatives C．neighbors D．enemies
A．in other words B．on the other hand C．in a similar way D．by all means
A．trouble B．conversation C．silence D．experiment
A．disturbing B．helping C．guiding D．following
A．closer B．faster C．In D．away
A．stepping forward B．going on C．backing away D．coming out
A．weakness B．carelessness C．friendliness D．coldness
A．talk B．travel C．laugh D．think
A．different B．European C．Latino D．rich
A．curiosity B．excitement C．misunderstanding D．nervousness
A．chance B．time C．result D．advice
A．noticed B．treated C．respected D．pleased
Water costs money．In some places water is hard 31 ．What 32 when a town has these problems？A small town in California found a happy 33 ．
Very 34 rain ever fell there．The town had no water35 ．The water it used was 36 from a river 300 miles away．As more people 37 live in the town 38 water was needed．Now water 39 to be brought in from 600 miles away．All these cost 40 money．
The town 41 a plan．It found 42 to clean its “dirty” water．Once the cleaned water was reused 43 many ways．Five 44 lakes were built．Here people could swim and fish and go 45 ．They 46 have picnics in their new parks．Farmers had more water 47 their crops．New factories can be built，now that they have the promise of 48 ．
In most places，water is used and thrown 49．The town that saved 50 water has saved the town！
A．supplying B．getting C．to get D．to supply
A．little B．a little C．few D．a few
A．fetch B．take C．brought in D．guided
A．come to B．came to C．coming to D．came for
A．many B．plenty of C．more D．many more
A．has B．had C．must D．needed
A．many B．a few C．a great many D．a lot of
A．put B．made C．supply D．noticed
A．a way B．ways C．an answer D．a key
A．for B．by C．at D．in
A．man-making B．man-make C．man-made D．man made
A．boating B．to boat C．to boating D．on boating
A．must B．could C．needed D．had to
A．as B．with C．for D．to
A．water enough B．enough water C．crops enough D．enough crops
A．off B．of C．away D．out of
A．it’s B．its C．one’s D．his
The Internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to meet, chat and go where we’ve never been before.
But just as in face to face communication, there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when on line. 71 Imagine how you’d feel if you were in the other person’s shoes.
For anything you’re about to send: ask yourself, “Would I say this to the person’s face?” if the answer is no, rewrite and reread. 72
If someone in the chat room is rude to you, your instinct (本能) is to fire back in the same manner. But try not to do so. 73 If it was caused by a disagreement with another member, try to fix the situation by politely discussing it. Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room.
74 Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate. When someone makes a mistake, whether it’s a stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer, be kind about it. If it’s a small mistake, you may not need to say anything. Even if you feel strongly about it, think twice before saying anything. Having good manners yourself doesn’t give you license to correct everyone else. 75 At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended.
It is not polite to ask others personal questions such as their age, sex and marital status. Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, don’t ask such questions.
A．Repeat the process till you feel sure that you’d feel comfortable saying the words to the person’s face. B．Everyone was new to the network once. C．The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated. D．When you send short messages to a person online, you must say something beautiful to hear.
Sea turtles are found in all warm waters throughout the world. Sea turtles are the___36____ of the turtles. The largest kind of sea turtle can grow as long as eight feet and ___37___ 1,500 pounds. Even the smallest kind, Kemp’s-Ridley, can ___38___ to 28 inches long and weigh almost 100 pounds. Many other turtles are small enough to___39___ in your hand. It is difficult to find population numbers for sea turtles because they do not___40____ shore once they hatch and reach the ocean, which makes it hard to ___41___ them. Sea turtles___42___ in the water because they are safer there. They cannot___43___ their heads and feet into their shells like other turtles can. Sea turtles cannot hide inside their shells __44___ other animals that want to eat them. They need to move quickly to stay safe.
When the weather ___45___ warm, sea turtles leave the ocean to___46___ their eggs on the beach. This is the only time they will ever leave the water. Most___47____ turtles spend part of the time in water___48___ part of the time on land. It is easy to understand___49____ sea turtles stay in the water. Their___50___ to swim is greater than their ability to walk. Their heavy bodies and unusual feet make it hard for them to ___51___ on land. They are better___52___ for life in the water. They are well suited for life in the sea because of__53___ their bodies are made.
The way their feet are made helps sea turtles swim very quickly. Their feet look like long __54___. When they swim, they flap their feet like a bird flaps its wings. This ___55___ way of swimming benefits sea turtles. It allows them to escape from their enemies.
A．dwarfs B．giants C．mammals D．ancestors
A．measure B．weigh C．sell D．sound
A．grow up B．bring up C．take up D．go up
A．suit B．fit C．match D．seize
A．go to B．turn to C．back to D．return to
A．keep up with B．keep track of C．keep in touch with D．keep to
A．swim B．hide C．sleep D．stay
A．push B．draw C．drag D．pull
A．away B．from C．for D．to
A．becomes B．turns C．changes D．leads
A．lay B．lie C．laid D．lain
A．the other B．another C．other D．others’
A．but B．and C．or D．so
A．when B．where C．why D．as
A．technique B．talent C．ability D．opportunity
A．walk B．travel C．wander D．play
A．adopted B．adapted C．adequate D．admitted
A．the way B．the manner C．the method D．the shape
A．paddles B．sticks C．wings D．tails
A．abnormal B．unusual C．ordinary D．unbelievable
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项 。
Water and its importance to human life were the centre of the world’s attention last week. March 22 was World Water Day and 36 the theme “Water for Life”.
There are more than one billion people in the world who live without 37 drinking water. The United Nations 38 to cut this number in half by 2015.
Solving such a big problem seems like a(n) 39 challenge. But everyone, 40 teenagers, can do something to help. A teenage girl in the US has set an example to the 41 of her age around the world.
Rene Haggerty, 13, was awarded the 2004 Gloria Barron Prize for her work— 42 discarded(废弃的) batteries（电池）which pollute water.
In 2003, Haggerty went on a field trip to the Great Lakes Science Centre in Ohio. There she saw an exhibit about how 43 in old batteries harm the water of Lake Erie.
Haggerty learnt that 44 the batteries was an easy solution. “I think everybody can do it, because everyone 45 batteries, and it can make a big difference.” With these words, she began to 46 awareness in her area.
She 47 her county government and school board. She got permission to start a recycling programme in schools 48 the public library, hospital, and churches. With help from her family, friends and local waste-management 49 , she gathered containers, arranged transportation, and made a(n) 50 video.
Over the past two years, she collected four tons of batteries and drew the attention of officials, who were in charge of a battery recycling programme but had made 51 progress.
When asked 52 she feels like a hero, Haggerty is quite ____53 . “Not really. Well, maybe for the fish I saved!”
Every year the Gloria Barron Prize 54 young Americans aged 8 to 18 who have shown leadership and courage in 55 the public and the planet. Each year ten winners receive US $ 2,000 each, to help with their education costs or their public service work.
A．had B．gave C．wrote D．discussed
A．enough B．safe C．much D．polluted
A．asks B．orders C．hopes D．ensures
A．good B．strong C．important D．unreal
A．especially B．sometimes C．even D．seldom
A．boys B．others C．students D．grown-ups
A．collecting B．selling C．buying D．using
A．things B．chemicals C．water D．air
A．making B．recycling C．reducing D．handling
A．uses B．has C．throws D．needs
A．tell B．increase C．spread D．inform
A．talked to B．listened to C．heard from D．thought about
A．and B．beside C．as well as D．as good as
A．officials B．workers C．clerks D．experts
A．industrial B．agricultural C．scientific D．educational
A．much B．no C．some D．little
A．if B．how C．when D．why
A．proud B．glad C．modest D．worried
A．praises B．helps C．supports D．honors
A．awarding B．saving C．serving D．favoring
完型填空（共20小题；每小题1。5分，满分30分）
Every human being, 36 what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is 37 dispose of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the 38 problem — how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which utilizes 39 body heat, but the heat given off by such objects 40 light bulbs and refrigerators as well. The system works so well 41 no conventional fuel is needed 42 the campus’ six buildings comfortable.
Some parts of most modern buildings — theatres and offices 43 classrooms — are more than amply heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned 44 in winter. The technique of 45 heat and redistributing it is 46 “heat recover”. A few modern buildings recover 47 , but the university’s system is the first to recover heat 48 some buildings and re-use it in 49 . Along the way, Pitt has learned a great deal about some of its heat producers. The 50 a student studies, the more heat his body 51 . Male students emit more heat than 52 students, and the larger a student, the more heat he 53 . It is tempting to 54 that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a 55 , over-weight male genius.
A．though B．no matter C．however D．in spite of
A．how to B．how C．what D．what to
A．similar B．wrong C．opposing D．opposit
A．both B．not only C．as well as D．neither
A．for example B．like C．of D．as
A．which B．then C．that D．therefore
A．make B．to be made C．to make D．making
A．including B．as well as C．with D．as well
A．even B．so C．ever D．much
A．saving B．being saved C．disposing D．being disposed
A．talked B．thought C．suggested D．called
A．loss B．cold C．temperature D．heat
A．to B．from C．with D．for
A．the other B．other C．others D．the others
A．hard B．hardest C．harder D．more hard
A．takes in B．gives off C．gives in D．takes out
A．other B．female C．girl D．boy
A．produces B．manufactures C．designs D．assembles
A．start B．conclude C．end D．begin
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are words or expressions marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
In the past, man did not have to think about the protection of the environment. There were few people on the earth, and natural resources seemed to be 36 ___________ .
Today things are different, the world has become too 37________. We’re using up our natural resources too quickly, and at the same time we are 38__________our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, human life on the earth will not survive.
Everyone realizes today that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left. Yet, with modern fishingmethods, more and more fish are caught. We know that if too many 39_____ are cut down, forests will disappear and nothing will grow on the land. Yet, we 40______ to use bigger and more powerful machines to 41_________more and more trees.
We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, we will die. 42_____, in most countries wastes are still put into rivers or into the sea, and there are 43__________laws to stop this.
We know, too, that if the 44_______ of the world continues to rise at the present rate, in a few years there will not be enoughfood. 45________ can we deal with these problems ?
If we eat more vegetables and lessmeat, there will be more food available for everyone. Land that is used to grow cropson feeds five times more people than land 46_____ animals are kept. Our natural resources will last longer if we learn to recycle them. The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth control. Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems, we 47_____ have a better and clearer planet in the future.
A．beautiful B．unlimited C．rare D．valuable
A．crowded B．small C．dirty D．busy
A．protecting B．saving C．polluting D．fighting
A．mountains B．flowers C．trees D．grass
A．continue B．have C．ought D．go on
A．grow B．plant C．save D．cut down
A．Thus B．However C．Generally speaking D．Therefore
A．too many B．a few C．some D．few
A．production B．pollution C．population D．revolution
A．What B．How C．Why D．Where
A．that B．which D．what
A．may B．can C．should D．shall
Which came first, the chicken or the egg? This is one of life’s __1__ questions and people have been debating about it for thousands of years. Now scientists believe they have solved this _2__. Researchers from Sheffield and Warwick Universities in England discovered the answer __3__. They used a super computer to observe the shell-making process while a new shell was __4__. Then they found one protein called OC17 that is __5__ for forming eggshell. This is only found inside a chicken’s body, which is proof that the _6__ came first. The team was __7__ looking at how animals and birds make eggshells but suddenly made their surprising __8__. The big question now is where chickens came from. The _9__ is from dinosaurs.
The research team said eggshells are one of nature’s most __10__ creations. Professor John Harding from the team told reporters: “Understanding how chickens make eggshells is fascinating in itself, but it can also be __11__ in designing new materials.” Eggshells are very lightweight but incredibly strong. Even the most up-to-date materials __12__ by the world’s top engineers can not produce anything as __13__ as an eggshell. Professor Harding added that __14__ eggshells could help to cure bone diseases and design materials for the construction industry.“Nature has found wonderful ways that __15__ for all kinds of problems in materials science and technology — we can learn a lot from them.” he said.
A．strangest B．best C．oldest D．longest
A．puzzle B．story C．history D．idea
A．on purpose B．by chance C．without hesitation D．at work
A．breaking B．changing C．disappearing D．forming
A．necessary B．easy C．kind D．impossible
A．egg B．eggshell C．chicken D．dinosaur
A．obviously B．originally C．thoughtfully D．surprisingly
A．invention B．mistake C．statement D．discovery
A．answer B．research C．key D．egg
A．strange B．ridiculous C．funny D．amazing
A．hopeful B．helpful C．respectful D．colorful
A．bought B．cut C．designed D．carried
A．brilliant B．ordinary C．1ight D．strong
A．finding B．watching C．studying D．making
A．happen B．work C．wait D．look
Thanks to a combination of young businessmen, large numbers of university students and revitalization (新生) efforts by the local and national governments, today’s Nanjing has an 36 of youthful exuberance (繁茂) that would have been 37 only a few decades ago. 38 , the city, a booming city of 6.5 million on the banks of the Yangtze River some 185 miles west of Shanghai, bears 39 resemblance to the former capital of China that suffered the worst cruelty and violence of World War II.
40 Nanjing has shown a remarkable capacity for reinvention during its 2,500-year history. And in recent years, the city has moved 41 its tragic past to become a vital engine of China’s economic growth, thanks 42 to its position in the middle of China’s prosperous eastern seaboard. Growth has also 43 thanks to improved ground transportation: A new bullet train linking Nanjing and Shanghai started service last year, 44 travel time between the cities from several hours to just 75 minutes, and a Beijing-Shanghai high-speed line is 45 to open later this year, with a stop in Nanjing. Within the city, two metro lines were built in the last few years; 15 more are planned to begin service by 2030.
Signs of Nanjing’s 46 wealth and optimism can be seen everywhere. In the heart of the downtown Xinjiekou district, a bronze statue of Sun Yat-sen, 47 the father of modern China, looks 48 over a busy 49 area.
There is perhaps no more 50 symbol of the city’s transformation than the Zifeng Tower, a 1,480-foot skyscraper that opened its doors last May. 51 offices, restaurants and an InterContinental hotel, the tower is the second-tallest building in China and billed as the seventh-tallest in the world.
Underlying all this development is a large Chinese and 52 student population — there are several major universities, plus a branch of Johns Hopkins’s international studies school. In fact, art and music 53 in all sorts of places.
On a larger 54 , local government officials and private investors are pushing the city as a rising center for contemporary art and architecture, hoping to attract 55 from the neon-bathed streets of its neighbor Shanghai.
A．advance B．affection C．air D．ability
A．unforgettable B．unthinkable C．unbearable D．unnecessary
A．Actually B．Regretfully C．Hopefully D．Consequently
A．close B．slight C．much D．little
A．Because B．But C．As D．Since
A．beyond B．on C．off D．out
A．in addition B．in all C．in part D．in fact
A．started B．enlarged C．existed D．accelerated
A．removing B．cutting C．dividing D．lowering
A．scheduled B．invented C．desired D．meant
A．attractive B．well-received C．newfound D．discovered
A．thought B．treated C．considered D．elected
A．out B．at C．about D．for
A．remote B．regional C．rural D．commercial
A．universal B．visible C．traditional D．political
A．Keeping B．Consisting C．Opening D．Housing
A．British B．western C．American D．foreign
A．spring up B．stand up C．set up D．keep up
A．extent B．degree C．scale D．level
A．businessmen B．students C．tourists D．painters
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