高中英语阅读填空

A comprehensive study of 4，500 children conducted by the National Institutes of Health in 2018 shows that children who spent more than seven hours a day staring at screens showed evidence of premature thinning of their brain's cortex the outer layer that processes sensory information． "We don't know if it （1） 　　（cause） by the screen time． We don't know yet if it's a bad thing． It won't be until we follow them over time （2） 　　we will see if there are outcomes that are associated with the differences that we're seeing in this single snapshot，" Dr． Gaya Dowling． "What we can say is that this is（3） 　　the brains look like of kids who spend a lot of time on screens． And it's not just one pattern．"

   The problem isn't just screens （4） 　　， but also the way screens tempt kids （and adults） away from something far more important： physical activity． More than 23 percent of adults and 80 percent of adolescents don't get enough physical activity， and according to a 2019 report from the World Health Organization （WHO）， these patterns of activity and rest arise （5） 　　habits we develop early in life． "What we really need to do is （6） 　　（bring） back play for children，" says Dr． Juana Willumsen， a WHO specialist in childhood obesity and physical activity， in a statement about new WHO guidelines issued in April 2019． "This is about making the shift from sedentary time to playtime， while （7） 　　（protect） sleep．" Of course， children aren't completely to blame for their screen addiction．

   Sometimes， the parents （8） 　　complain about the role of screens in family life are just as guilty of spending too much time in front of one． A 2016 study （9） 　　（conduct） by Common Sense Media found that parents spend up to nine hours a day in front of screens， mostly not for work﹣related reasons． While 78 percent of parents said they believed they were good screen time role models， the study found a disconnect between their behavior and their perception of their behavior． Parents need to limit screen time for themselves and especially for their kids（10） 　　it means playing the bad guy． Our mental and physical health depends on it．

A lecturer was giving a lecture to his students on stress management. He raised a glass of water and asked the audience, ‘How heavy do you think this glass of water is?’
All of the students tried to answer the question, and their answers ranged from 20g to 5OOg.
‘It does not matter on the absolute weight. It depends on how long you hold it. If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour,l will have an ache in my right arm. If I hold it for a day, you will have to call an ambulance. It is exactly the same weight, but the longer I hold it, the heavier it becomes.’
‘If we carry our burdens all the time, sooner or later, we will not be able to carry on, because the burden is becoming increasingly heavier.’
‘What you have to do is to put the glass down, rest for a while before holding it again.’
We have to put down the burden periodically（定期地；周期性地），so that we can be refreshed and are able to carry on. Otherwise I think that we will break down on the half way and can’t realize our dream as we planned.All of us should really keep this in mind.
Before you return home from work tonight, put the burden of work down. Don’t carry it back home. You can pick it up tomorrow.
Whatever burden you are having now on your shoulders, let it down for a moment if you can. If you do like this, you can greatly improve your work efficiency（效率） and life quality.
Life is short; let’s enjoy it to the fullest.
根据短文内容完成表格，一空一词。

Title	How to relax ourselves
Theme	Put down the burden to get _______.
The lecturer’s question	How heavy is the glass of water? The question was raised on _______  stress.
The students’ answer	The students gave answers from 20g to 500g．
The lecturer’s explanations	•The weight of the glass of water  _______ on the time of holding it. •The longer you hold it, the heavier it will become. •Hold it for a minute, and you will feel _______. •If you hold it for an hour, your right arm will ache. •An  ambulance  will  have  to  be _______ if you hold it for a day. •If we carry the burden too long, we will be _______ to carry on.
The methods to relax	•To relax, you must put the glass down. •After a ______ , hold the glass up again. •Put down the burden _______ to get refreshed to carry on.
The writer’s _______	•Put down the burden of work before you go home and pick it up tomorrow. •Let down the burden on your  _______to rest for a while. •Enjoy your life.

The 2014 Nobel Prize in physics went to three scientists who gave lighting a big change by inventing blue LED lights. A big change in lighting efficiency is under way around the world.
Save and green
LEDs use less energy than other forms of lighting. A typical LED bulb(灯泡) can produce around 83 lumens per watt — a measure of how much brightness you can get from a unit of electrical power — much more efficient than other lighting facilities.
LEDs produce light by passing electric current through a semiconductor, while traditional bulbs pass current through a wire. The wasted heat energy is chiefly why traditional bulbs are so much less efficient.
LEDs also last about 30 times longer than traditional bulbs, and many LED bulb products promise up to 25,000 hours of use — more than 17 years if you used one for about four hours a day.
Lighting the world
The lighting application is not only in homes. LEDs are also being used for street lights, public holiday and decorative displays, commercial buildings, and other large energy users.
Car lighting is another application where LEDs are making progress. LEDs used to be used only for daytime running lights, but now many new cars have LED headlights for night-time use.
LEDs also hold promise for bringing light to the more than 1.5 billion people around the world without access to electricity, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences noted. Indeed, several proposed solutions to energy poverty include the distribution of LED lights, particularly solar-powered ones.
Digital displays
Without blue LEDs, the world wouldn’t have back-lit smart phones, TV and computer LCD screens, blu-ray(蓝光) players, many forms of lighting, and countless other products.
In the electronics industry, LEDs provide back lighting for the liquid crystal displays (LCDs) in many smart phones, laptops, and televisions. The LEDs are more energy efficient and allow for very thin displays.
Blu-ray players use blue LED lasers(激光) to read data off a digital optical disc. When these systems switched from using an infrared(红外线) laser to a blue LED laser, it became possible to store five to 10 times as much data.
LEDs are now being explored for their potential to transmit(传送) data from the Internet across open space, similar to WiFi. Such a system could transmit a lot more data than WiFi alone. This high bandwidth is possible because LEDs can turn on and off millions of times per second.
The rise of LED lighting came at a time when people were just starting to be concerned about global warming. Because of LEDs’ energy efficiency, using them for the world’s lighting would have “an extreme impact” on society.
I___________ for Blue LED Lights to win the 2014 Nobel Prize in physics
●They_______ big changes in lighting.
II________ of LEDs
●Save and green
1. Compared with other forms of lighting, LEDs are much more efficient because of the different_________ they pass electric current
2. LED bulbs can be used 30 times longer than traditional bulbs.
●Lighting the world
1. Besides_ ___________ of LED bulbs they can also be used as street lights and car headlights.
2. Because of their high efficiency, LEDs, especially solar-powered ones, promising to light areas____________ electricity.
●Digital displays
1. Many smart phones, laptops and televisions use LEDs to back-light their LCD_________.
2. By using blue LED lasers, blu-ray players are likely to___________.
3. People are now exploring more_________ uses of LEDs such as transmitting data.
III Conclusion
LED lighting will_________ on environmental protection.

Celebrating sleep
World Sleep Day, observed on 21 March, was created to bring attention to the growing number of sleep problems worldwide. Sleep is a natural part of human life, but many people in the modern world ignore its importance. As a result, sleep problems are increasingly common.
In 2002, scientists at the University of Athens in Greece conducted a survey of over 35,000 people in 10 countries around the world, including China, Belgium and South Africa. Of the people that responded to the survey, 24 percent said that they did not sleep well, and based on their responses, 31.6 percent were diagnosed with insomnia (失眠) and another 17.5 percent were diagnosed with borderline insomnia. In addition, 30.7 percent of survey respondents reported visiting a doctor for help with sleep problems and 11.6 percent said that they felt very sleepy during the day.
Overall, the survey found that many people suffer from the effects of poor quality sleep, some examples of which are being unable to fall asleep and waking up in the middle of the night. The main factors causing these problems are pressure from school or work and a fast pace of life, but noise pollution and light pollution also interfere with sleep and contribute to poor quality sleep. The survey’s findings are particularly troubling because large numbers of people were found to have difficulty sleeping at night. The short-term effects of this are tiredness and trouble concentrating. If this happens for a long time, the risk of gaining weight and having a heart attack may increase.
There are many things you can do to improve the quality of your sleep. First, you should have regular sleep habits. Try to go to bed and wake up around the same time each day. You also need to make your bedroom a cool, dark, quiet place to sleep so that heat, light and noise do not disturb you. At night, you should also avoid things that contain caffeine, such as chocolate, coffee, tea and many soft drinks, as caffeine may keep you from sleeping.
Getting a good night’s sleep is important for everyone. By following the advice above, you can rest better at night and work better during the day.
根据短文内容，完成下列表格。

Topic	Content
World Sleep Day	Owing to ________ of the importance of sleep, people celebrated World Sleep Day, bringing attention to the increasing problems of sleep.
Responses of the survey	Of 35,000 people in 10 countries in the world, there were 24% of the people_______ from sleeplessness. 31.6 % were diagnosed with insomnia and another 17.5% were on the edge of insomnia. The________ of the people feeling sleepy during the day is 11.6. 30.7 % reported_______ to a doctor for sleep problems.
_______ causing sleep problems & their consequences	Under _______ from school or work, people may have sleep problems. Poor quality sleep also _______  from noise or light pollution. Feeling tired and sleepy, people have difficulty _______ on what they are doing. It is likely that sleepless people easily put on weight and have a heart attack.
_______ to  take  to improve sleep quality	Have regular sleep habits. Make your bedroom cool, dark and quiet. Avoid things _______ caffeine.

 _______    _______         _______       _______        _______  
_______   _______           _______      _______         _______

Stress：Good or Bad？

Stress used to be an almost unknown word，but now that we are used to talking about it，I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed．

In recent years，stress（33）　   （regard） as a cause of a whole range of medical problems，from high blood pressure to mental illness．But like so many other things，it is only too much stress（34）　　 does you harm．It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life，you would achieve a little．If you are stuck at home with no stress，then your level of performance will be low．Up to a certain point，the more stress you are under，the （35）　　（good） your performance will be．Beyond a certain point，though，further stress will only lead to exhaustion，illness and finally a breakdown．You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope，by asking yourself （36）　　 number of questions．Do you，for instance，feel that too much is being expected of （37）　　，and yet find it impossible to say no？Do you find yourself getting impatient or （38）　　（annoy） with people over unimportant things？…If the answer to all those questions is yes，you had better（39）　　（control ） your stress，as you probably are under more stress than is good for you．

To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life．Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events．Getting married is 50，pregnancy 40，moving house 20，Christmas 12，etc．If the total stress in your life is over 150，you are twice as likely （40）　　 （get）ill．

阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
When difficult people express themselves orally, they generally want at least two things: they’ve been heard and they’ve been understand. As a good communicator should be a good listener, five steps are advocated toward good listening.
The first step is cooperating（合作）. How does a difficult person know that you’re listening and understanding? In fact, it’s through the way you look an d should while he is talking. You may help him to fully express his thoughts and feelings. You do this by nodding your head in agreement, making certain sounds of understanding.
When the person begins to repeat what’s been said, it’s signal of step two: turning back. It means that you repeat back some words he is using, sending a clear signal that you’re listening carefully and that you think what he is saying is important.
Having heard what he has to say, the next step is clarifying. At this point, you start to gather information about what is being communicated. Ask some open-ended questions, which will allow you to figure out what intention he is hoping to satisfy.
The fourth step is to summarize（概括）what you’ve heard. This allows you to make sure that both you and the difficult person are on the same page. When you do this, two things happen. First, if you’ve shown that you’re making an effort to understand completely. This increases the possibility of gaining cooperation from him.
Having listened carefully, you’ve now arrived at the point of confirming with the person that he feels that his thoughts have been fully voiced. Ask if he feels understood.
When enough sincere listening, questioning, and remembering are brought together, understanding is usually achieved and a difficult person becomes less difficult and more cooperative.

Topic	to understand
Reason	Difficult people hope they have been heard and       when they express themselves.
on listening	◆    in agreement and make some sounds of understanding while a difficult person is speaking. ◆Repeat some     that you have heard. ◆Collect information about the person’s expressions and find his      . ◆Give a     of what the person has said. ◆Confirm that the person gains     from speaking his thoughts.
Result	A difficult person will be     to cooperate with if understanding is achieved.
Comment	You may unlock the doors to difficult people’s  after you listen and understand

阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1）汉语提示，2）首字母提示，3）语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确，并将该词完整地写在答题卡中相应的横线上。
Bike riding is a great way to get exercise and fresh air. But before you rush out and start biking, t    is an important thing you need to consider—safety.
Always wear a helmet when riding a bike, no matter ________ you are or how short the ride is. It can protect your brain from g      hurt in a bike accident. Many bike accidents mean brain damage or death for someone who does not wear      while riding. To protect against brain injury, make sure that the belts aref     . What you wear when riding a bike is also very important for safety. Bright-colored clothes will help you be visible on the road.       (除外) that, you have to choose good shoes. You should never ride barefoot!
Stop at all stop signs and o      traffic lights just as cars do. Always stop and check for traffic in both        (方向) when leaving a driveway.
Never wear ear-phones while biking. It’s important to hear everyone    （其他）on the road.
One of the best ways for parents to help kids learn safe bike riding is to set an     by following the rules of the road themselves.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

According to a review of evidence in a medical journal runners live three years____61___(long) than non-runners You don't have to run fast or for long____62____(see)the benefit You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ____63____（die）early by running.

While running regularly can make you live forever, the review says it ____64____ (be)more effective at lengthening life ____65____walking , cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ___66_____showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ____67____(cause).

The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ……

It's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces to ___68____(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always ___69___(energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits other sports, so perhaps we should all give ____70____a try.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

ㅤXiao long bao（soup dumplings），those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers，encasing hot，（1）＿＿＿＿（taste）soup and sweet，fresh meat，are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one，you have to decide whether（2）＿＿＿＿（bite）a small hole in it first，releasing the stream and risking a spill（溢出），（3）＿＿＿＿to put the whole dumpling in your mouth，letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai maybe the （4）＿＿＿＿（recognize）home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao's birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently﹣more dumpling and less soup，and the wrappers are pressed （5）＿＿＿＿hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside，the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin，allowing them （6）＿＿＿＿（lift）out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of （7）＿＿＿＿（they）contents. The meat should be fresh with （8）＿＿＿＿ touch of sweetness and the soup hot，clear and delicious.

ㅤNo matter where I buy them，one steamer is （9）＿＿＿＿（rare）enough，yet two seems greedy，so I am always left （10）＿＿＿＿ （want）more next time.

For thousands of years，people have told fables （寓言）（1）　 　（teach） a lesson or to pass on wisdom.Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures，and the well﹣known Aesop's fables date to the（2）　 　（six） century B.C.Yet，the form of the fable still has values today，（3）　 　 Rachel Carson says in " A Fable for Tomorrow. "

Carson uses a simple，direct style common to fable.In fact，her style and tone （口吻） are seemingly directed at children. "There was once a town in the heart of America，（4）　 　all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings，" her fable begins，（5）　 　（borrow） some familiar words from many age ﹣ old fables.Behind the simple style，however，is a serious message （6）　 　（intend） for everyone.

（7）　 　（difference） from traditional fables，Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.She warns of the environmental dangers facing society，and she teaches that people must take responsibility（8）　 　saving their environment.

The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life.However，Carson's theme is a more weighty（9）　 　（warn） about environmental destruction.Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still （10）　 　（employ） today to draw attention to important truths.

Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure，and they have diverse 11 （idea）．Dreams might be a side effect of memory making．When you sleep，your brain sorts through everything 12 happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it 13 （connect） things，your brain tums them into a story，and you get a dream．

After reading the passage below ， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word ， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other blanks ， use one word that best fits each blank.

Millions of Baby Olive Ridley Turtles Emerge in Orissa

   Nature is full of wonders． In （1） 　      　is one of the most breathtaking sights in nature， millions of baby Ridley turtles broke out of their eggshells under the sand at one of their mass nesting grounds in coastal Orissa． The baby turtles started their journey towards the Bay of Bengal （2） 　      　they emerged from their nest in the southern district of Ganjam， about 175 km from Bhubaneshwar．

   Orissa is the home to three mass nesting sites of the Oliver turtles， a species （3） 　      　（threaten） with extinction， and one of the sites， Gahirmatha，（4） 　      　around 70 to 80 million turtles lay eggs on the beach every year， is considered one of the world's largest nesting sites．

   The female turtles drag （5） 　      　up the beach from the sea， dig a nest， lay at least one hundred eggs， cover and conceal their eggs and nest， and then return to the sea． The females never visit the nest again to take care of the eggs that （6） 　      　（deposit） in the warm sand．

   The baby turtles emerge from the eggs after 45 60 days， then the babies grow without their mother， which is a rare phenomenon in nature， Interestingly， it is on the same beach where they were born （7） 　      　the females lay their eggs．

In the recent years， sea erosion has led to many turtles' nest （8） 　      　（damage） or destroyed． Also， some fierce animals such as dogs and birds （9） 　      　（reduce） the number of nesting turtles． And of course man has also had a negative impact （10）

　      　using engine﹣powered fishing boats near the turtles' nesting grounds．

Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.

People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36   Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.

There are three main types of cryptography. 37   For example, the first letters of "My elephant eats too many eels" Spell out the hidden message "Meet me."

38   You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let's number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message "Meet me" would read "13 5 20 13 5."

A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example "bridge" might stand for "meet" and "out" might stand for "me." The message "bridge out" would actually mean "Meet me." 40    However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.

A．	It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B．	In any language, some letters are used more than others.
C．	Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D．	As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E．	You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F．	With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G．	Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

Things You Should Insist on No Matter What People Say
Life can get pretty crazy at times．  Happiness is dependent upon ourselves，and there are some things in life you should always insist on doing，no matter what others have to say about it．Here is a list of some things you should always do．
1．Learn from your mistakes
No matter what people say，you will make mistakes in your life．Life is a learning process in itself．Some people will make you feel bad about your mistakes，or insult you for making them．   Accept your mistakes fully and really figure out what went wrong．
2．Embrace change and creativity
A popular proverb is，“You cannot solve a problem in the same state of consciences that created it．”    Change and creativity are vital in today’s world．Things are always changing，so why should we be any different?
3．Appreciate what you have
 This can take away from our happiness．Sometimes you just need to sit back and be happy about where your life is right now，and what you have to show for it. Sure people might tell you it’s not good enough，but don’t listen to them．It is good enough，and it gives you a sense of pride when you can enjoy the things you already have in life．
4．Listen to your heart
Sometimes you just need to follow your instincts and do what your heart tells you. There are some situations，like relationships，that rely more on your heart than on your head．People will surely tell you differently，but you should always insist on listening to what you want and feel. Again，you are the one who lives with your choices，and you are the one that has to live with the“what ifs．”  

Some people succeed, while others may not. This is because some people possess certain qualities, which others do not.
The first thing you must remember is that in order to succeed, you must be optimistic. If you do not expect to win, you will not try as hard as those who do expect to win. You also need to have a clear aim and a reason for doing something because motivation is a key to achieving success. If you do not have an aim, then you will not be motivated to work hard and put your performance under the microscope to make sure that every detail is right.
Another quality that helps people succeed is creativity---thinking about things in a different way and wondering how others would do the same thing. Think about some successful people you know. They might be successful with a little creativity, but the most successful people are the most creative ones.
Reading is another to success, as it will help you learn about how other people have achieved success. If you want to learn how to set up a successful business, you should read books about people like Bill Gates and Jerry Yang, who have achieved amazing success in their areas of business.
Practicing is equally important if you want to success because practice makes perfect. Practise every day at whatever career you are in, and by doing so, you will see yourself, your business and your self-confidence begin to grow. If you feel confident about what you do, this confidence will make other people believe in you as well. Your colleagues will be happy to work with you, and your boss will give you more responsibility. Finally if you are a successful person, you will be able to look people in the eye and smile confidently.
Success is yours for the taking! Cheers!
根据短文完成下列表格，一空一词。
Title _______

Certain qualities	Supporting details
______	●Try hard _______ people who do expect to win. ●Have a clear aim and a reason for doing something because a key to achieving success is _____
Creativity	●_______about things in a different way. ●Study how other people would do the _______ thing.
Reading	●Help you know about how _______ have achieved success. ●Read books about __ people such as Bill Gates and Jerry Yang to encourage yourselves.
Practising	●_______ the saying “practice makes perfect.” ●Believe in yourself and do what you want to do ______.