初中英语说明文试题

Can you get free plastic bags from supermarkets now？ I'm afraid you can't． Things have changed．

Free plastic bags can' t be used at shops and supermarkets in China， and people have to pay for plastic bags． Because our country tried to make litter（1） 　　．

The Chinese once used about 3， 000， 000，000 plastic shopping bags a day． They are（2） 　　to break， most of them can be used only once． And some people throw them away here and there， they have caused pollution for the environment． If they are burnt， they may cause bigger troubles． For example， they may cause illness for us． So the Chinese people（3） 　　to bring their own bags for shopping． Some students come up with a good idea． They make the shopping bags by （4） 　　． They use old clothes to make cloth bags， and send them to their parents as presents． They also ask their parents and friends to use cloth bags instead． They think it is their（5） 　　to protect the environment．

（1）A． fewer	B． more	C． less	D． better
（2）A． hard	B． easy	C． difficult	D． strong
（3）A． are encouraged	B． encourage	C． are invited	D． invite
（4）A． them	B． themselves	C． him	D． himself
（5）A． ability	B． change	C． chance	D． duty

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案．

The Communist Party of China （中国共产党） has vowed（郑重宣告） to satisfy the people's desire for "a better life" and（1） 　　the idea into a key political document． The Chinese phrase "mei hao sheng huo"， which can be translated as "a happy life" or "a better life"， appeared 14times，（2） 　　both in the opening section and the last paragraph， in the report given by Xi Jinping in October， 2017at the opening of the 19th CPC National Congress． The report at the five﹣yearly congress（3） 　　the most important political speech in China． This year's report said socialism with Chinese characteristics （特色） has entered a new era， and it draws up a two﹣stage development（4） 　　to build China into a "great modern socialist country" by mid﹣21st century． By the end of the second stage， the Chinese people will "enjoy happier， safer， and（5） 　　lives．"

（1）A． wrote	B． put	C． written	D． planted
（2）A． included	B． including	C． besides	D． except
（3）A． considers	B． is regarded	C． regards	D． is considered
（4）A． plan	B． idea	C． way	D． thought
（5）A． healthy	B． unhealthier	C． healthier	D． sweet

A robot worked first at a Chinese bank． Many people are （1） 　　in the smart robot． Jiaojiao is the first robot to（2） 　　at the Bank in Dalian，Liaoning Province．It can serve people in many（3） 　　．

The smiling robot is able to（4） 　　people many different kinds of services． It can work as a guide． It can also answer people's questions． It communicates with people （5） 　 __ 　touching， speaking and through body language．

The robot is able to offer other perfect services，（6） 　　． "Can we take a photo together？" one customer asked． "Come on， （7） 　　make sure to use PS （图象处理软件） please．" Jiaojiao answered． Many people laughed when they （8） 　　Jiaojiao's answer．

The robot has attracted （吸引） a larger number of people on its first day at work．

Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ， one of the world's largest banks， introduced the new robot （9） 　　    Nao． He will be able to answer customers' questions about the bank's services． Nao's a bit smaller than a normal bank teller ﹣﹣ he is just 23 inches tall and （10） 　 __ 　about 9 pounds． He speaks 19 languages and Mitsubishi UFJ hopes he'll help a lot of foreign customers for the Tokyo Olympics in 2020．

（1）A． worried	B． interested	C． bored
（2）A． play	B． meet	C． work
（3）A． ways	B． houses	C． places
（4）A． collect	B． use	C． offer
（5）A． by	B． on	C． with
（6）A． as well	B． also	C． too
（7）A． but	B． or	C． so
（8）A． thought	B． heard	C． realized
（9）A． named	B． names	C． naming
（10）A． sees	B． weighs	C． says

The Spring Festival is one of the most important festivals in China．During the Festival，Chinese people have many activities．They paste up Spring Festival couplets（舂联），greeting the New Year and saying （31） 　 　to the old year．On the first day of the Spring Festival，people （32 ） 　 　，wearing new clothes．Nowadays，children get （33） 　 　pockets from their parents and their relatives by wechat．It is a good time for people to visit relatives and friends．More importantly，the Spring Festival is celebrated not only in China but also in（34）_ 　 　parts of the world．

The Spring Festival was （35） 　 　in the UK from 1980．Every new year，people also get together and have lots of activities．They sing songs，dance（36） 　 　music，share photos with friends or watch（37） 　 　in the cinema．Additionally，the Spring Festival has become a key time

for Chinese living in the US．They （38） 　 　in a large evening party to welcome the traditional

new year．The Chinese New Year will be welcomed with three weeks of celebrations across Australia．Thousands of people come to Sydney's Chinatown．They enjoy fireworks（鞔炮） and lion dances．The family dinner on New Year's Eve is an important tradition for Chinese （39） 　 　they were born in Singapore or moved there from China．They usually hold it at（40） 　 　because having it in a restaurant takes away the meaning of the tradition．

31．A．yes	B．goodbye	C．no
32．A．hang up	B．hang back	C．hang out
33．A．green	B．golden	C．red
34．A．other	B．others	C．another
35．A．congratulated	B．celebrated	C．happened
36．A．on	B．in	C．to
37．A．TV	B．matches	C．movies
38．A．put	B．join	C．live
39．A．if	B．weather	C．whether
40．A．home	B．outdoors	C．restaurant．

Suppose you find a bright yellow bike on a street corner in the city．You hop on（跨上）it and （31） 　　．But wait﹣isn't this stealing？No，it isn't．（32） 　　shouts，"Stop!Thief!"That is （33） 　　this free ride is just fine with the city．

You（ 34） 　　for （35） 　　transportation，and they wanted to help （36） 　　

pollution．So，to get citizens（市民） （37） 　　their cars and onto pollution﹣free bikes，they （38） 　　the Yellow Bike Project．

The （39） 　　bikes are painted bright yellow and placed throughout the city．People can hop on the yellow bike and ride to run errands（短程差事），to work （40） 　　to school．Then，they leave the bike for the （41） 　　rider．There have been times when bikes have been stolen，but most people （42） 　　the rules，because they think it is not wise to （43） 　　the bike that's already free．

Portland's （44） 　　was quickly loved by a lot of people．Within two years of its starts，similar programs were （45） 　　in cities in six other states．

31．A．drive away	B．ride away	C．ride back	D．run away
32．A．No one	B．Someone	C．Anyone	D．Everyone
33．A．whether	B．so	C．because	D．though
34．A．have to	B．don't have to	C．can't	D．can
35．A．expensive	B．crowded	C．free	D．common
36．A．protect	B．control	C．make	D．bring
37．A．out of	B．into	C．up	D．near
38．A．ended	B．started	C．changed	D．refused
39．A．public	B．private	C．clean	D．dirty
40．A．but	B．as	C．until	D．or
41．A．next	B．last	C．best	D．first
42．A．break	B．make	C．discuss	D．follow
43．A．buy	B．repair	C．produce	D．steal
44．A．citizen	B．street	C．idea	D．school
45．A．looked up	B．made up	C．put up	D．set up．

Some people like﹣living the peace and quiet of the countryside ， （56） 　　I prefer living in the city． I like （57） 　　the noise and activity of city life． The traffic does not trouble me． I find （58） 　　interesting to see all the different （59） 　　of traffics that use the roads．BesideS，People Crowded on the pavements （人行道）don't trouble me at all． I think i will （60） 　　 rather loneIy ifl only see one or two （61） 　　as I walk along the street．

Some people say that the countryside is much （62） 　　． because there is no litter on the ground，

no graffiti （涂鸦）on the （63） 　　， and no polluUon （64） 　　the air． But our city is not trouble in the first two problems．'Our people， including young people like myse， are （65） 　　of the place where they live． They do not throw litter o n the ground or paint words and pictures on walls

A．kinsd B．cleaner C．but D．all E．feel F．people G．it H．prodI．in  J．buildings

How do you keep cool during summer？Air conditioners or electric fans are good tools in modern society．But（36） 　　that，people could only use fans．

Over 3，000 years ago，fans began to be used．They were made of feathers （羽毛），bamboo or silk．They came in different （37） 　　，including round and square．

Later，with the invention of paper，folding（可折叠的） paper fans became popular during the Song Dynasty．There are usually beautiful （38） 　　on fans．Some are landscapes（风景）．Others are flowers and animals．Moreover，many great people including Su Dongpo，a poet of the Song Dynasty，and Tang Yin，scholar （学者） and painter of the Ming Dynasty，once painted their masterpieces （杰作） on fans．This made fans not only（39） 　　tools in daily life but also great artworks．

So，with its value of beauty，people take fans as a symbol of status （地位）．That's why in old China，emperors and scholars often held fans．

Today，fans are also great collectors'items （藏品） and gifts．On the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games，folding fans were（40） 　　to leaders and officials （官员 ） of other countries．While they were（41） 　　fans to get cool，they were also experiencing Chinese culture．

36．A．before	B．after	C．from
37．A．colors	B．sizes	C．shapes
38．A．plants	B．pictures	C．persons
39．A．useful	B．beautiful	C．careful
40．A．bought	B．posted	C．given
41．A．holding	B．waving	C．playing．

Many students like sports． I like sports too． Sports in our school have （1）　　 a lot． Now we have more activities than before． More and more students take an active part   （2）　　 ball games， running and jumping on the playground． We are so （3）　　 at those things． Doing sports is a good way to keep （4）　　． What's more， a strong body can help us （5）　　 better and live a happier life．

（1）A． changed	B． become	C． changes	D． became
（2）A． in	B． at	C． for	D． without
（3）A． exciting	B． excited	C． interest	D． interesting
（4）A． ill	B． sick	C． fit	D． fat
（5）A． studies	B． studied	C． studying	D． study

A famous symbol in American culture is a cartoon animal﹣﹣Mickey Mouse．Mickey first （1） 　　in a cartoon in New York in 1982．Walt Disney was the father of Mickey．He made lots of cartoons with Mickey．Many people around the world love the mouse with two （2） 　　ears．He was so popular because he was like a common man，but he always tried to face any danger and solve the problems all by himself．In Disney's early films，Mickey was （3） 　　，he lost his house and girlfriend，Minnie．（4） 　　，he never gave up his efforts and always won at last．Most people want to be like him．Now Mickey Mouse is still one of the most popular（5） 　　characters in the world．

（1）A．ran out	B．hung out	C．came out
（2）A．large and round	B．small and short	C．long and white
（3）A．rich	B．happy	C．unlucky
（4）A．Also	B．However	C．So
（5）A．cartoon	B．play	C．novel

Last year， I did not like my English class． Every class was like a bad（1） 　　． The teacher

（2） 　　so quickly that I didn't understand her most of the time． I was afraid（3） 　　questions

because of my（4） 　　pronunciation． I just hid behind my textbook and never said（5） 　　

（1） A． luck	B． cloud	C． dream
（2） A． speaks	B． spoke	C． speaking
（3） A． to ask	B． to tell	C． to give
（4） A poor	B． good	C． nice
（5） A something	B． anything	C． nothing

I'm Chen Peng，I am 15 years old，I am a student in Grade Eight．I like （31） 　　very much．I am so lucky．I have been a Teens reporter （32） 　　．I sent some articles to the newspaper in 2013．I think it's fun and helps me （33） 　　my English writing．At first，when the editor asked me to write something，I had to think （34） 　　a long time．But now I can think and write faster than before．I often see my pictures and articles in the newspaper．My classmates and teachers were really （35） 　　when they saw that！Join us!

31．A．writing	B．singing	C．reading
32．A．when	B．since	C．before
33．A．understand	B．research	C．improve
34．A．for	B．on	C．at
35．A．angry	B．surprised	C．sad

Today I was so happy to know that I did quite well in my last week's science exam．Thanks to Daniel，he taught me a new way of（34） 　　over lessons．It is called"map idea"．

Because of the map idea，I've learned（35） 　　to find out the main idea in every lesson．And in my mind I can（36） 　　a map of all the important knowledge I need to remember．It's really great．I can remember so much in that way．

I had never thought about changing the way of study before．I always thought I had a（37） 　　memory，but now my memory has become better because of the map idea．It made my stuy much easier and more enjoyable．I know how to learn well is the most important（38） 　　us students．

34．A：go	B：to go	C：going	D：gone
35．A：how	B：when	C：where	D：why
36．A：find	B：draw	C：buy	D：borrow
37．A：good	B：special	C：common	D：poor
38．A：of	B：for	C：with	D：in

My name is Tian Yong．I was born in a poor family on July 22，1996．My parents are（11） 　 : 　farmers in a small mountain village．In my family，there （12） 　　also my grandparents and my younger sister．（13） 　　life is not so easy for such a big family，we are still enjoying a happy life．with the help of many people，I became a student in a middle school．My teachers and classmates are very （14） 　　to me．I like my computer science teacher most，I learned a lot （15） 　　him．when I grow up，I want to become a teacher like him．I will try my best to help poor students．

11．A．both	B．all	C．either	D．none
12．A．is	B．are	C．was	D．were
13．A．So	B．Because	C．Since	D．Though
14．A．bad	B．nice	C．sad	D．well
15．A．at	B．to	C．from	D．with．

Teenagers must learn to stay safe while they are in school or at home．Self﹣protection is one of the most important （48） 　　for teenagers．

But how can we protect ourselves？Here are some of my suggestions．First，students in school should have an information card with us．The information includes the name，photo．（49） 　

　phone numbers，etc．There is also information about how to （50） 　　dangerous situations．The card is

made of a special kind of metal．It can't be destroyed if something dangerous （51） 　　．Second，we should be careful when we make friends．Don't keep it to yourself if you have made friends on line．You need to talk with your mother，father，or （52） 　　of them．Third，if we are in danger，we must cal the police for help in time （53） 　　we can keep ourselves safe．Also，we ought to eat healthily and safely．If we want to do any cooking at home，（54） 　　safety rules for the kitchen．Remember to close our doors and windows．It helps us to stay safe．Besides，we shouldn't crowd each other when we go upstairs or downstairs at school．What's more，summer is coming，we must remember it's dangerous to swim（ 55） 　　．

Other kinds of dangerous situations could happen，too．A fire，or we or our family may get sick or hurt．We should know how to call 119or 120，and tell them our （56） 　　and phone numbers．（57） 　　，everyone needs to learn how to protect ourselves and stay away from danger，especially for teenagers．

48．A．skills	B．skill	C．reason	D．reasons
49．A．a parent	B．parent	C．parents'	D．parents
50．A．catch up with	B．come up with	C．begin with	D．deal with
51．A．happen	B．happens	C．happened	D．will happen
52．A．neither	B．both	C．all	D．none
53．A．so that	B．even though	C．as soon as	D．in order to
54．A．Memorizing	B．To memorize	C．Memorize	D．memorized
55．A．alone	B．lonely	C．happily	D．slowly
56．A．homes	B．houses	C．family	D．addresses
57．A．First of all	B．In a word	C．However	D．Instead

It's reported that the 2015 Nobel Prizes have been announced on October 5th．Sweden's Nobel Prize committee（委员会）said the Nobel Prize for（1） 　　will go to scientists from Ireland，Japan and China．The prize for medicine is going to Chinese researcher Tu Youyou．She（2） 　　artemisinin（青蒿素）．Artemisinin is a drug that has greatly lowered the number of people who die from malaria（疟疾）．The committee said her greatest achievement is that the discovery of artemisinin has given the world new ways to fight（3） 　　two serious diseases．It is said those diseases influence millions of people every year．Ms．Tu is the chief professor at the China Academy（学院）of Traditonal Medicine．She is also the（4） 　　Chinese citizen to be awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine．Mr．Tu went through about 40 failures before she succeeded．But she never（5） 　　and always fought on．

1．A．physics	B．math	C．chemistry	D．medicine
2．A．discovered	B．found	C．called	D．invented
3．A．for	B．at	C．against	D．in
4．A．first	B．second	C．third	D．fourth
5．A．ate up	B．gave up	C．took up	D．made up．