初中英语说明文试题

Singapore’s public transport system (公共交通系统) is one of the best in the world, so you should have no problem finding your way around like a local. There are three main forms of public transport here that you would find in any other big city--trains, buses and taxis.

	TRAINS Trains run from 6 a.m. to midnight. Single trip tickets start at 80 cents. If you buy an EZ-Link card for $15, you can take the trains and buses as you like. If you need more information, just call Transit Link at 18007674333.
BUSES There are several bus services in Singapore and fares（车费）start at 80 cents. Be sure to always ask the driver the cost of your ticket as he cannot give you changes. If you need help, just call Transit Link at 18007674333.
	TAXIS There are three main taxi companies--City Cab（65522222），Comfort（65521111）and Tibs（65528888）.Booking can also be made easily by calling the number above.
RENTAL（租）CARS Driving in Singapore is a pleasure and if you like to travel as you like, renting a car is a good choice. Renting takes away the trouble of getting to places around Singapore. Just sit back and enjoy the city. It also means you’ll get to see a lot more than a train or a bus won’t let you see. For car rental, call Avis on 6567371668.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案，并在答题卡上按要求作答。
Buy an EZ-Link card, and you can take __________.

A．both buses and trains	B．only trains
C．both buses and taxis	D．only rental cars

What is a good choice if you want to travel freely in Singapore?

A．To take a bus.	B．To take a train.
C．To rent a car.	D．To take a taxi.

If you need to rent a car, you may call __________.

A．65528888	B．6567371668
C．18007674333	D．65522222

The passage mainly talks about __________ in Singapore.

A．how to rent a car	B．how to take a bus
C．3 taxi companies	D．public transport system

From the passage, which sentence is true?

A．A local has some trouble finding his way around.

B．It’s much cheaper to go around by bus than by train.

C．You can see a lot more in Singapore only by renting a car.

D．It’s easy and convenient for visitors to travel in Singapore.

Look at the boy. His English name is Mike Smith. His Chinese name is Li Hai. He is from England. He’s twelve years old. My name is Hao Gang. Tom is my English name. I’m from Shanghai. I’m thirteen. Mike and I are good friends. We are in Grade Seven. I am in Class 3 and he is in Class 5. Today is Thursday. We want to swim after school.
How old is Li Hai?

A．10 years old.	B．11 years old.
C．12 years old.	D．13 years old.

Where is Tom from?

A．Beijing.	B．Tianjin.
C．Shanghai.	D．Guangzhou.

What class is Li Hai in?

A．Class 2.	B．Class 3.
C．Class 4.	D．Class 5.

What day is it tomorrow?

A．Wednesday.	B．Thursday.
C．Friday.	D．Saturday.

．Which of the following is right?

A．Mike and Tom are in the same grade.

B．Mike and Tom are in the same class.

C．Mike and Tom are from the same country.

D．Mike and Tom are the same age.

Everyone has hobbies．Hobbies（1）　　us a lot of happiness． For most of us， the activities we like to do are common and easy． However， there are（2）　　people who like to take risks．（3）　　are more interested in doing dangerous sports， such as snowboarding， diving（潜水）and rock climbing．

    Many people enjoy（4）　　．You can do it indoors on special walls or outdoors on real mountains．There are many advantages to rock climbing﹣it is fun and it also helps people（5）　_　 their worries，

    The most important tool to have is good shoes．They need to be half a size smaller than your usual（6）　　． The next thing you need is a harness（保护带）． This allows you to move freely，（7）　　 it will hold you up if you fall． It's important to know how to use your tools． If you are a beginner， it's best to have lessons． A climber with experience can help you a lot（8）　　 you are learning to climb．

    Rock climbing is very exciting for people of different ages．Climbers，however，must be careful not（9）　　the environment．Sometimes rock climbers leave rubbish on the mountains which they climb． They should take it（10）　　 them and throw it away．This will let future climbers enjoy a clean environment．

（1）A． take	B． bring	C． provide	D． have
（2）A． other	B． the other	C． another	D．every
（3）A． We	B． You	C． All	D． They
（4）A． snowboarding	B． diving	C． rock climbing	D． swimming
（5）A． remember	B． forget	C． solve	D． keep
（6）A． size	B． shape	C． color	D． kind
（7）A． and	B． but	C． so	D． or
（8）A． before	B． when	C． after	D． until
（9）A． to protect	B． to produce	C． to pollute	D． to save
（10）A． along	B． to	C． for	D． with

English words don’t stay the same. People need new words for new ideas and new inventions. Different words come into use, or old words are used in a new way.
English can be changed by borrowing words from other languages. The word “tomato” was borrowed from Mexico and“tea”came from China and so on. Now new space and science words are being borrowed from other countries, too. New words are formed by adding two words together. “Countryside” and “earthquake” are made up of two parts. Sometimes new words are shorter forms of old words. The word  “photo” was made from “photograph” by cutting off the end of the longer word. “Plane” was made by cutting off the front part of “airplane”. The names of people and products can become new words, too. Our “sandwich” was named after a man called Sandwich and “sello tape”(透明胶带) was a name given by the company that first made the product.
New English words are needed because _____.

A．people use old words in a new way

B．the population is bigger now

C．the old words are not enough

D．new ideas and new inventions appear all the time

.Which of the following words came from China?

A．Tea.

B．Earthquake.

C．Airplane.

D．Sello tape.

How many ways of developing English words does the passage tell us?

A．Three.

B．Four.

C．Five.

D．Six.

.The main idea of this passage is _____.

A．that the English language is always changing

B．that there are new ideas in England today

C．how people name new products and inventions

D．how people use old words in a new way

根据表格内容，选择正确答案(共5小题，计10分)。

If Jane wants to rent a room, she can call_____.

A．Mr. Tang	B．Mr. Zhang
C．Miss Li	D．Wang Tao

Mr. Tang needs _____.

A．a room for two people	B．a room with three beds
C．an English workbook	D．an actor

If you find an English workbook, you can call Wang Tao at _____.

A．13956789123	B．73574110
C．78567767	D．53868668

From the passage, we can know that an actor can _______.

A．work with other	B．sing
C．dance	D．A, B and C

Which of the following is NOT true?

A．Mr. Tang doesn’t want a room for￥ 500 a month.

B．Wang Tao’s English workbook is lost.

C．If Michael wants to rent a room, he can call Miss

D．A boy can call Mr. Zhang if he wants to be an actor.

“Cool” is a word with many meanings. It means a little cold at first. As time changes, the word gets many different meanings. We can use “cool” when we talk about something wonderful or somebody looking smart. For example. When you see a beautiful and expensive car in the street, you can say, “It is cool.” You may think the popular singer Jay Chow is cool. You can also use the word to mean something new and surprising. Here is an example. One day a teacher took the students to a farm and then asked them to write something about the visit. One of her students just wrote, “The farm is so cool.” Because he thought “cool” was the best word to show what he saw and felt. It also shows some people don’t have enough words. Without “cool”, they seem to have no other words to use. Can you think of any other words like “cool: with so many meanings? If you can they are also very “cool”.
The meaning of the word “cool” ______.

A．is always the same	B．changes a lot
C．is “wonderful or smart”	D．is “new and surprising”

“You may think the popular singer Jay Chow is cool”. Here “cool” means

A．a little cold

B．a little hot

C．new and surprising

D．good-looking

When some people use “cool” everywhere they don’t have other words, the writer seems a little ______.

A．excited

B．happy

C．surprised

D．worried

The best title is _____.

A．Meanings of the word “Cool”	B．“Cool”, the Best Word to Use
C．People use “Cool” Too Much	D．“Cool’ Is A New Word

As the saying goes"Friends are treasure in our lives．"I remember when I was growing up my mom always（21） 　　．"Half the fun of doing anything is sharing it with others"．It's tune Friends make（22） 　　enjoy the taste of our success and joys （快乐） and comfort us in our challenging moments．They provide a mirror（镜子）for us（23） 　　more about ourselves．I've always looked at friends as family（24） 　　．They enrich（丰富） our lives．As a famous writer once said．"A friend is a present which you give（25） 　　．"

To be a good friend，it's important to be a good listener．Hear（26） 　　your friend says first rather than making conclusions （结论）quickly．

Sometimes（27） 　　is useful to repeat their words back to them．It can help them realize whether their words were what they wanted to say．

Patience（耐心）is an important part of being a good friend，（28） 　　．You know the old golden rule．"Care（29） 　　other the way you would like them to care for you．"The support of a friend during a（30） 　　time can make the difference between success（31） 　　failure．Encouragement and confidence are the（32） 　　gifts that can change a person's life．

We should choose our friends（33） 　　because they can have a great influence on our lives．As（34） 　　told me，"The attitudes （态度 ）of your friends are like the buttons（按钮） on a lift．They will（35） 　　take you up or   down．"

21．A．said	B．told	C．talked	D．spoke
22．A．us	B．me	C．her	D．them
23．A．learning	B．learns	C．will learn	D．to learn
24．A friends	B．children	C．members	D．enemies
25．A．herself	B．yourself	C．himself	D．myself
26．A．what	B．that	C．which	D．whose
27．A．this	B．that	C．these	D．it
28．A．never	B．either	C．too	D．also
29．A．of	B．with	C．for	D．in
30．A．easy	B．difficult	C．happy	D．wonderful
31．A．but	B．so	C．and	D．or
32．A．best	B．better	C．worse	D．worst
33．A．careless	B．carefully	C．careful	D．carelessly
34．A．anyone	B．someone	C．everyone	D．no one
35．A．neither	B．all	C．both	D．either

Every day in newspapers and magazines there are articles telling us we should exercise more.

    And scientists now say that（1）　 　is one of the best way to keep fit.It can make you feel better and look better.Some say it can even make you live（2）　 　.

    All you need for naming，some comfortable clothes and a pair of sports shoes.You don't need to buy special clothes（3）　 　you should get a good pair of sports shoes.And remember一you should always buy shoes for running one size larger than your（4）　 　shoes.

    Some people find running boring，so，cycling or swimming instead once in a while.Also，you shouldn't exercise every day.It's very important to（5）　 　two or three times a week.You should eat well and drink lots of water but you can still have nice things like chocolate（6）　 　.Do some leg exercises every week as well，because this makes you stronger and helps you run better.

    If you're a beginner，there are lots of ways to make exercise fun.You can join a club or you can exercise with a friend.Another idea is to run in a race.This can give you a（n）（7）　 　to train and keep you interested in running.

（1）A.running	B.swimming	C.cycling
（2）A.long	B.longer	C.longest
（3）A.and	B.or	C.but
（4）A.usual	B.clean	C.different
（5）A.play	B.rest	C.work
（6）A.never	B.often	C.sometimes
（7）A.reason	B.excuse	C.method

Little Women is Louisa May Alcott's most famous novel.The novel follows the（1） 　 　of the four March sisters - Meg，Jo，Beth and Amy - and is based on the writer's own（2） 　　of growing up with her three sisters during the American Civil War （1861﹣1865）.

The main theme in the story is the importance of（3） 　　.Other themes include the need to work and self﹣improvement.

When the story begins the sisters are complaining because they are（4） 　　and have to work.Their mother says that they mustn't spend money on pleasure（5） 　 　there is a war and everybody must help.Their father is in the army.In the letters their father sends home he tells his daughters to work hard and not to waste their time.They must try to（6） 　　the bad things in their lives and stay cheerful.He wants to be proud of them when he comes home.The girls decide to make an effort to（7） 　　themselves because they love and miss their father very much.

Alcott was interested in women's rights and，through the four March sisters，she explored （探索）four different（8） 　 　 of being a woman in those days.Meg leaves the family to get（9） 　　 and have a new family.Beth devotes （致力于）herself to（10） 　　 her own family.Amy focuses on herself and her own pleasure.And Jo，like Alcott herself，tries to have a career in writing and care for her family at the same time.

（1）A.rules	B.lives	C.secrets
（2）A.experiences	B.expressions	C.directions
（3）A.friendship	B.work	C.family
（4）A.poor	B.rich	C.clever
（5）A.so	B.because	C.if
（6）A.sell	B.find	C.accept
（7）A.improve	B.serve	C.imagine
（8）A.maps	B.ways	C.circles
（9）A.dressed	B.lost	C.married
（10）A.looking after	B.looking for	C.asking for

What makes us ill？It is the germs（细菌）.（1）　　are everywhere.The are very（2）　 　.You can't find them with your eyes，but you can see them（3）　　a microscope（显微镜）.There could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.

    Germs are always found in（4）　　water.When we look at dirty water under the microscope，we shall see（5）　　.So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.

    Germs are found not only in（6）　　.They are found（7）　 　in air and dust（灰尘）.When you（8）　　your finger，if some dust from the floor goes into the cut，some germs would go into your finger.Then you will have much pain in it.Sometimes germs would go into all of your body，and you would have pain everywhere.

（1）A.Germs	B.Books	C.Gardens
（2）A.big	B.small	C.long
（3）A.with	B.to	C.of
（4）A.clean	B.tidy	C.dirty
（5）A.them	B.him	C.they
（6）A.food	B.drink	C.water
（7）A.neither	B.also	C.too
（8）A.cut	B.check	C.make

A famous designer（设计师） and a university student produce a new cup called Vessyl．They have spent several years （1）　　it．The smart cup can not only tell Coca Cola from Pepsi Cola，（2）　　also tell people whether they should drink water or not．

    When people（3）　　liquid（液体） into this smart cup，a few seconds（秒） later，it can check this kind of liquid and tell them what it is．Then it gives（4）　information of the drink，such as sugar，fat and calorie．When people put the cup in their （5）　　，it can also show them the condition of their bodies．If they are （6）　　．Vessyl can tell them to drink water．

    "My partner and I want people to （7）　　 healthy．In modern society，people are usually （8）　　 busy to do exercise，or even drink enough water every day．They have much （9）　　．We produce this smart cup so that people can make a choice （10）　　．"the designer said．

（1）A．in	B．on	C．at	D．of
（2）A．and	B．though	C．nor	D．but
（3）A．pour	B．pull	C．lift	D．regard
（4）A．a few	B．a lot	C．lots of	D．many
（5）A．desks	B．hands	C．bags	D．mouths
（6）A．full	B．hungry	C．thirsty	D．awful
（7）A．carry	B．have	C．touch	D．keep
（8）A．too	B．to	C．so	D．very
（9）A．danger	B．pressure	C．power	D．laughter
（10）A．quietly	B．hardly	C．wisely	D．recently

    Everyone knows that second﹣hand smoke is as dangerous as first﹣hand

smoke． But have you （ 1）h　　 of "third﹣hand" smoke？Third﹣hand smoke means the pollution left on the surfaces （表面） of things around， （2）l　　 furniture or clothes． When someone smokes in a room， poisonous particles（粒子） in tobacco （烟草） smoke land on the surfaces of the furniture or his clothes， even after the cigarette （香烟） has been put out． This can cause a great danger to your family， （3）e　　younger children．

     Babies have only just learned to walk． They are more likely to be harmed by third﹣hand smoke． This is（4）b　　 they are often close to surfaces of things． such as floors， walls and furniture where tobacco particles remain． When they （5）t　　 these surfaces， they get their hands polluted．

     So， it is necessary and important to say （6）n　　 to third﹣hand smoke． To achieve this， strict （ 7 ） r　　 for forbidding （禁止） smoking inside homes should be carried out． If one of your family members smokes， please make sure he smokes （8）o　　 the house． Get him a special jacket and hat， so once he （9）f　　 smoking， he will take them off before getting inside the house． Moreover， make sure that a smoker washes his hands and face， and changes his clothes before picking up the baby．

     Many times， you cannot see the smoke doing harm to your child， but it doesn't mean he or she is （10）s　　"． Give up smoking， or if that is not possible， make sure that your loved ones， far away from third﹣hand smoke．

The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest wonders of the world．With a （1） 　 　of more than 2，000 years， some parts of the Great Wall have disappeared．（2） 　 　， it is still a very popular place of interest．

It is the （3） 　 　wall ever built． It is about 8 meters high． The top is 8 meters wide and it （4） 　 　even wider at the bottom． It is made （5） 　 　stone and brick． People built it by （6） 　 　and it took a long time to finish．

No one knows（7） 　 　when the building of the Great Wall was started． It is believed that the wall was built to （8） 　 　parts of the country in the old days． It also made people live a（n） （9） 　 　life．

Today， many of the visitors go to see the Great Wall．（10） 　 　they stand on top of a tower and look down on this wall， they can't help saying，"Wow， that's fantastic!"

（1）A． number	B． purpose	C． history	D． choice
（2）A． But	B． So	C． And	D． However
（3）A． longest	B． shortest	C． farthest	D． biggest
（4）A． needs	B． gets	C． spends	D． sounds
（5）A． from	B． into	C． by	D． of
（6）A． hand	B． accident	C． machine	D． mistake
（7）A．usually	B．normally	C．exactly	D．luckily
（8）A．provide	B．protect	C．search	D．produce
（9）A．smart	B．awful	C．terrible	D．peaceful
（10）A．Before	B．Unless	C．When	D．Though

A habit is any action that we have performed so often that it becomes something that we do almost without thinking. Some of them are thought to be bad habits. People spend countless hours and dollars each year trying to get rid of these bad habits but often fail. Why? Change is hard work and there is no shortcut to achieve it. However, there is still some advice for you to follow.
First, look at why you do it. In other words, what’s the result of doing this thing? If your bad habit is shouting at people when you are unhappy or under pressure, what do you get from it? It may make you feel a little better for the moment. Or maybe you have a bad habit of leaving your homework undone. The result could be that you get more time to spend on the Internet!
Next, take a look on the other hand. What are you losing because of your habit? Shouting at other people is a bad habit because it makes people around you feel bad and unhappy. Leaving your homework undone is a bad habit because you may be punished by your teacher. Having more Internet time means that you are losing the chance to learn the things that you need to learn. When you think that way, you’ll find that it’s not wise to keep your bad habit! Now it is time to make a decision. What will you choose? I’m sure you will choose to do what you think is more important.
From the first paragraph we know that __________.

A．a habit is a terrible thing that we can never change

B．people take countless hours and dollars to get rid of habits

C．none of the people who try to break bad habits are successful

D．though it is difficult, we can still do something about our bad habits

The underlined sentence “there is no shortcut to achieve it” means that ________.

A．it is not easy to get rid of bad habits

B．there is a long way and a short way

C．something dangerous may happen

D．we must cut it in a short time.

The main purpose of this passage is to __________.

A．introduce and describe	B．complain（埋怨）and disagree
C．explain(解释) and advise	D．discuss and argue（争论）

Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the local people of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the local people become unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy(经济). It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance(推进) the well-being (health and happiness) of local people.
Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.
On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a lot of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, first-class roads and other support facilities needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international-class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel will lose money.
Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost.
What is probably the reason if local people dislike tourists?

A．Tourists come to enjoy the customs and beauty.

B．Local people lose jobs.

C．A lot of hotels are built.

D．Too many tourists cause traffic problems.

What can we do to solve the problems caused by tourism?

A．Make plans properly.

B．Help the country’s economy.

C．Build fewer hotels.

D．Advance the well-being of local people.

If tourism grows too quickly, ___________.

A．businesses will lose money

B．other parts of the country’s economy will make more money

C．local people will be happier

D．more local people will work for tourists.

Support facilities needed by tourist attractions includes ___________.
①public places ②hotels ③airports ④roads ⑤electricity  ⑥sewers  

A．①②③④⑤

B．②③④⑤⑥

C．①②③⑤⑥

D．①③④⑤⑥

If the writer wants to add Paragraph 5 to the passage, he may tell us ________.

A．whether people need to build more hotels

B．whether people need to plan tourism properly

C．how to deal with the problems above

D．how to prevent tourism growing too quickly