初中英语说明文试题

Would you like to adopt an animal? Although this sounds very unusual, some children have done just this. The Natural Zoo has given people the chance to adopt animals by paying for all of its food for one year. One of the animals that needed parents was a young tiger named Brocky. The people at the zoo said that it would cost about $900 a year for the food for Brocky.
Not many boys and girls have $900 to spend. That is why several hundred children and grown-ups each have sent a little money to the zoo to help pay for Brocky’s food. Some children sent in only a quarter because that was all the money they had. Other children sent in more money than that.
Since so many people sent money to the zoo to help pay for Brocky’s food, he now will be able to eat as much as he wants. Brocky surely must be a happy tiger to know that he has so many adopted parents. Many children must also be happy to know that they have helped to feed him. It really will be thrilling for those children to go to the Natural Zoo to visit their adopted tiger Brocky.
Brocky is________.

A．an animal zoo

B．an adopted child

C．a tiger without children’s love

D．a tiger in need of adoption

Several hundred people give money to the zoo to help Brocky because ________.

A．its food is too expensive for one person to afford

B．people don’t want to spend too much money on Brocky

C．people don’t love Brocky enough

D．the zoo forces them to do so

Children will be ________ if they go to the zoo to visit the tiger Brocky.

A．frightened	B．excited and happy
C．nervous	D．surprised

With so many people’s money, Brocky now can _________.

A．play with many toys

B．live without being hungry

C．eat meat every day

D．have an air-conditioned room to live in

We can infer(推断)from the passage that ________.

A．zoos are too poor to feed the animals

B．there are too many animals in the zoo

C．many people are kind to animals

D．children love animals better than adults do

China Post issued（发行）a set of special zodiac（生肖）stamps in honor of 2019 Chinese Lunar New Year，or the Year of the Pig． Famous Chinese （1） 　 　Han Meilin designed（设计）the set of stamps （2） 　 　is most known for his Fuwa dolls made for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing．

If you，like me，were born in the Year of the Pig，then you are （3） 　 　，thoughtful and loyal（忠诚的）．The Year of the Pig is filled with good wealth．

Now，let's（4） 　 　a closer look at this interesting animal． Pigs were first kept by man about 9，000 years ago，and are still a very common （5） 　 　animal in many parts of the world． We don't just use pigs for their meat﹣almost every part of the animal is used． The hair is used for artists brushes． The fat is used （6） 　 　floor wax（蜡），rubber（橡胶）and plastics．

Pigs have also been important in the world of entertainment． In 1995 the film Babe starred（使主演）a loveable talking pig as its main character． The film （7） 　 　an Oscar Award． In England you can even go to watch pig racing． A farmer，Rob Shepherd，has been raising money （8） 　 　charity by holding pig races on his farm． （9） 　 　seems that people don't just want to eat pigs！

Pigs also play an important role in the English language． For example，if someone says that he （10） 　 　to the sun one day，you can say "Pigs might fly！"to him． Hungry？Well then，you can say "pig out" and eat lots of food．

（1）A． musician	B． actor	C． artist	D． engineer
（2）A．which	B．who	C．whose	D．what
（3）A．stupid	B．lazy	C．shy	D．brave
（4）A．take	B．keep	C．get	D．remain
（5）A．park	B．zoo	C．farm	D．garden
（6）A．makes	B．make	C．making	D．to make
（7）A．went	B．won	C．played	D．beat
（8）A．in	B．by	C．as	D．for
（9）A．This	B．That	C．It	D．One
（10）A．will travel	B．has traveled	C．travels	D．traveled

Reading is the key to school success and , like any skill, it takes practice. A child learns to walk by practicing until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of the other. An excellent sportsman practices until he can play quickly, correctly and without thinking. Educators call it “automaticity (自动性)”
A child learns to read by sounding out the letters and finding the meaning of the words. With practice, he stumbles less and less, reading by the phrases(短语). With automaticity, he doesn’t have to think about the meaning of words, so he can give all his attention to the meaning of the text.
It can begin as early as first grade. In a recent study of children in Illinois schools, Alan Rossman of Northwestern University found that automatic readers in the first grade not only read almost three times as fast as the others, but also got better results in exams.
According to Rossman, the key to automaticity is the amount(数量) of time that a child spends reading ,not his IQ. Any child who spends at least 3.5 to 4 hours a week reading books, magazines or newspapers will probably reach automaticity . It can happen if a child turns off TV just one night for reading at home.
You can test yourself by reading something new which is suitable for your level. If you read aloud with expression, with a sense of the meaning of the sentence, you probably are an automatic reader. If you read brokenly, one word at a time, without expression or meaning, you need more practice.
The sentence “Reading is the key to school success” means that reading___________.

A．helps school develop faster

B．is the key to a successful school

C．helps students go to a key school

D．can improve students’ learning results

Rossman tells that any child who _____________ will probably be an automatic reader.

A．turns off TV one night 4 weeks

B．reads books by the word quickly

C．spends an hour reading every day

D．gets the same grades as others in exams

The underlined word “stumbles” in the passage means “_____________” in Chinese.

A．结结巴巴地读	B．全神贯注地读
C．心不在焉地读	D．声情并茂地读

The best title for the passage should be “ ______________________”.

A．IQ Is the Key to the Automaticity

B．TV Is Bad for Children’s Reading

C．Automaticity Depends on Practice

D．Automatic readers Will Be Successful

Sometimes choosing where to eat in Suzhou is something of a challenge． No matter how（1）　　 the food tastes at a chosen restaurant， one may always wonder． "Is there anything better on the next street'？" However， I've found the （2）　　 to this question． When I'm asked to name my favourite place to eat in Suzhou， I will reply （3）　　． "Song He Lou Restaurant"． Why is Song He Lou so special （4）　　 hundreds of restaurants？ Well， for me it comes down to a perfect balance of delicious food， pleasant atmosphere（氛围）and a near perfect location．

     Before coming to Suzhou， I was （5）　　 by my friends from other cities in China that the food could be too sweet． For the first few months I chose to eat in Sichuan Or Hunan style restaurants instead of eating much （6）　　 food． However， after falling in love with the city． I came to realize that the food is so closely （7）　　 with its local culture． （8）___　　 I asked a local friend to recommend the best place to try real local style food． She came up with the （9）　　of Song He Lou．

     For a first﹣time visitor， "Song Shu Gui Yu" and "Xie Fen Tofu" are excellent （10）　　．Suzhou has stow become my home and I have a lifetime to enjoy each and every dish on the menu．

（1）A． bad	B． hot	C． good	D． cold
（2）A． attention	B． excuse	C． answer	D． distance
（3）A． right away	B． in surprise	C． at most	D． over there
（4）A． between	B． against	C． among	D． beyond
（5）A． changed	B． warned	C． encouraged	D． supported
（6）A． fresh	B． local	C． Chinese	D． frozen
（7）A． connected	B． covered	C． compared	D． charged
（8）A． Or	B． But	C． Yet	D． So
（9）A． suggestion	B． way	C． money	D． design
（10）A． conditions	B． habits	C． challenges	D． choices

Can dolphins talk? Maybe they can’t talk with words, but they talk with sounds. They show their feelings with sounds.
Dolphins travel in a group. We call a group of fish“a school(一群)。” They don’t study, but they travel together. Dolphins are mammals(哺乳动物)，not fish, but they swim together like fish in a school.
Dolphins talk to the other dolphins in the school. They give information. They tell when they are happy or sad or afraid. They say” welcome” when a dolphin comes back to the school. They talk when they play.
They make a few sounds above water. They make many more sounds under water. People cannot hear these sounds because they are very, very high. Scientists make tapes of the sounds and study them.
Sometimes people catch a dolphin for a large aquarium(水族馆). People can watch the dolphins in a show. Dolphins don’t like to be away from their school in an aquarium. They are sad and lonely.
There are many stories about dolphins. They help people. Sometimes they save somebody’s life. Dolphins’ meat is good, but people don’t like to kill them. They say that dolphins bring good luck. Many people believe this.
The word“school”means      .

A．a place for students to study

B．a special kind of animals

C．a group of fish traveling together

D．a place for training dolphins

A dolphin makes a sound to        .

A．show other dolphins they are happy

B．tell other dolphins they are sad

C．let people know they are afraid

D．give information to other dolphins

People can’t hear dolphins’ sounds under the water      .

A．because they are very, very low

B．because they are very, very high

C．because they only make a few sounds

D．because they want to keep it as a secret

Dolphins would like to       .

A．study at schools	B．be away from their schools
C．stay with other dolphins	D．be in shows

The best title for this passage is      .

A．The Dolphin	B．Schools of Dolphins
C．Dolphin’s Talk	D．Man’s Friend

How do you image the future？Will life in the future be better，worse or the same as now？（1） 　　do you like the future？

People think that life will probably be very different in 2050． First of all， larger planes（2） 　　， so flying will be very cheap． The cars will be powered by electricity， so they will be much cleaner and safer．Everyone will have such a car，even a robot．And space planes will take us around the world in two hours．Homes will be warm in winter and cool in summer，so they will be very comfortable，we will use the sun（3） 　　our homes．Computers will be smaller，so they will be very（4） 　　．People will do more things on the Internet．

At that time， water will become one of our most serious problems．In many places，farmers will be in great need of water to（5） 　　fruit and vegetables． By 2050， we will be able to help blind and deaf people see again and hear again． At that time， our life will become better and better．

（1）A． Which	B． What	C． Why	D． How
（2）A． produces	B． is produced	C． will be produced	D． was produced
（3）A． heats	B． to heat	C． heating	D． heated
（4）A． heavy	B． new	C． long	D． light
（5）A． grow	B． check	C． buy	D． sell

We have always been interested in the moon.2000 years ago people already knew it moved around the earth and where it would be in the sky at different times of the year.At that time, everything about the moon was learned by watching it carefully in the sky.
When scientists could use telescopes to study the moon more closely, their ideas began to change.They could see the moon was made of rocks.Most scientists thought moon rocks would be different from those on Earth.This was because they believed the moon had once been a planet that had been caught in the earth's gravity (引力) millions of years earlier.
In 1969 moon rocks were finally brought to the earth and studied.Much to their surprise, scientists found that, except for water, the moon and the earth were made of the same things.Once again new ideas were needed for this new information.
After years of study, most scientists now think that the moon was once part of Earth.They believe very early in its history, maybe 4 million years ago, something about the size of Mars hit Earth.This sent billions of rocks into space around our planet.These rocks slowly joined together and after many years became the moon.
In the future, even though our ideas about the moon may change again, we will still be interested in it.
Now, we’re sure ________________

A．Moon rocks are quite different from those on Earth.

B．Moon was once a part of Earth.

C．Moon moves around Earth and it’s the only satellite of Earth.

D．Moon was once a planet caught in Earth’s gravity.

In 1969 there is a big event, that is __________.

A．humans Found no water in Moon rocks

B．scientists made out a modern spaceship

C．scientists invented an advanced telescope

D．humans left their footprints on Moon

What does the writer want to tell us in the passage?

A．Why people are interested in the moon.

B．How ideas about the moon have changed over time.

C．Where the moon came from in the past.

D．That people have finally learned the truth about the moon.

Before 1969 most scientists thought the moon was ________.

A．part of the earth billions of years earlier

B．older than the earth

C．a planet caught by the earth's gravity

D．made of the same things as the earth

From this passage we can learn that ________.

A．scientists in the past were not clever

B．the earth was once part of the moon

C．new information brings new ideas

D．we now know everything about the moon

The junior high school graduates（毕业生） have to take a P．E． test in many places around China． The full marks are（1）　　 forty﹣five points， but by this year， the number rises to sixty! And it means （2）　　 in the senior high school entrance exam（中考）．

    Usually， the test is held in May or June every year． Students of Grade 9（3）　　 test in their own schools． Each student is tested on three sports． They can choose long jump， basketball dribbling （运球）（4）　　 skipping． The pull﹣up （引体向上） is for boys， and girls can choose the sit﹣up（仰卧起坐）．（5）　　boys and girls must run 50 meters．

    Some students find the test is（6）　　and they get full marks． Students of Grade 9 usually do lots （7）　　 practice in P．E． classes． The training makes the test easier than it seems to be．

    Students don't have to （8）　　a lot for the test． But in P．E（9）　　， they still run a lot． Most teachers and parents welcome the P．E． test． They say it helps students（10）　　their health．

（1）A．never	B． very	C． seldom	D． usually
（2）A． little	B． less	C． much	D． most
（3）A．has	B． have	C． had	D． having
（4）A．or	B． then	C． but	D． so
（5）A． Either	B． None	C． Both	D． Neither
（6）A． easy	B． easier	C． difficult	D． more difficult
（7）A．in	B． at	C． of	D． to
（8）A． runs	B． running	C． ran	D． run
（9）A． classes	B． class	C． test	D． tests
（10）A． built in	B． build up	C． built up	D． building up

Every day in newspapers and magazines there are articles telling us we should exercise more.

    And scientists now say that（1）　 　is one of the best way to keep fit.It can make you feel better and look better.Some say it can even make you live（2）　 　.

    All you need for naming，some comfortable clothes and a pair of sports shoes.You don't need to buy special clothes（3）　 　you should get a good pair of sports shoes.And remember一you should always buy shoes for running one size larger than your（4）　 　shoes.

    Some people find running boring，so，cycling or swimming instead once in a while.Also，you shouldn't exercise every day.It's very important to（5）　 　two or three times a week.You should eat well and drink lots of water but you can still have nice things like chocolate（6）　 　.Do some leg exercises every week as well，because this makes you stronger and helps you run better.

    If you're a beginner，there are lots of ways to make exercise fun.You can join a club or you can exercise with a friend.Another idea is to run in a race.This can give you a（n）（7）　 　to train and keep you interested in running.

（1）A.running	B.swimming	C.cycling
（2）A.long	B.longer	C.longest
（3）A.and	B.or	C.but
（4）A.usual	B.clean	C.different
（5）A.play	B.rest	C.work
（6）A.never	B.often	C.sometimes
（7）A.reason	B.excuse	C.method

Little Women is Louisa May Alcott's most famous novel.The novel follows the（1） 　 　of the four March sisters - Meg，Jo，Beth and Amy - and is based on the writer's own（2） 　　of growing up with her three sisters during the American Civil War （1861﹣1865）.

The main theme in the story is the importance of（3） 　　.Other themes include the need to work and self﹣improvement.

When the story begins the sisters are complaining because they are（4） 　　and have to work.Their mother says that they mustn't spend money on pleasure（5） 　 　there is a war and everybody must help.Their father is in the army.In the letters their father sends home he tells his daughters to work hard and not to waste their time.They must try to（6） 　　the bad things in their lives and stay cheerful.He wants to be proud of them when he comes home.The girls decide to make an effort to（7） 　　themselves because they love and miss their father very much.

Alcott was interested in women's rights and，through the four March sisters，she explored （探索）four different（8） 　 　 of being a woman in those days.Meg leaves the family to get（9） 　　 and have a new family.Beth devotes （致力于）herself to（10） 　　 her own family.Amy focuses on herself and her own pleasure.And Jo，like Alcott herself，tries to have a career in writing and care for her family at the same time.

（1）A.rules	B.lives	C.secrets
（2）A.experiences	B.expressions	C.directions
（3）A.friendship	B.work	C.family
（4）A.poor	B.rich	C.clever
（5）A.so	B.because	C.if
（6）A.sell	B.find	C.accept
（7）A.improve	B.serve	C.imagine
（8）A.maps	B.ways	C.circles
（9）A.dressed	B.lost	C.married
（10）A.looking after	B.looking for	C.asking for

What makes us ill？It is the germs（细菌）.（1）　　are everywhere.The are very（2）　 　.You can't find them with your eyes，but you can see them（3）　　a microscope（显微镜）.There could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.

    Germs are always found in（4）　　water.When we look at dirty water under the microscope，we shall see（5）　　.So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.

    Germs are found not only in（6）　　.They are found（7）　 　in air and dust（灰尘）.When you（8）　　your finger，if some dust from the floor goes into the cut，some germs would go into your finger.Then you will have much pain in it.Sometimes germs would go into all of your body，and you would have pain everywhere.

（1）A.Germs	B.Books	C.Gardens
（2）A.big	B.small	C.long
（3）A.with	B.to	C.of
（4）A.clean	B.tidy	C.dirty
（5）A.them	B.him	C.they
（6）A.food	B.drink	C.water
（7）A.neither	B.also	C.too
（8）A.cut	B.check	C.make

A famous designer（设计师） and a university student produce a new cup called Vessyl．They have spent several years （1）　　it．The smart cup can not only tell Coca Cola from Pepsi Cola，（2）　　also tell people whether they should drink water or not．

    When people（3）　　liquid（液体） into this smart cup，a few seconds（秒） later，it can check this kind of liquid and tell them what it is．Then it gives（4）　information of the drink，such as sugar，fat and calorie．When people put the cup in their （5）　　，it can also show them the condition of their bodies．If they are （6）　　．Vessyl can tell them to drink water．

    "My partner and I want people to （7）　　 healthy．In modern society，people are usually （8）　　 busy to do exercise，or even drink enough water every day．They have much （9）　　．We produce this smart cup so that people can make a choice （10）　　．"the designer said．

（1）A．in	B．on	C．at	D．of
（2）A．and	B．though	C．nor	D．but
（3）A．pour	B．pull	C．lift	D．regard
（4）A．a few	B．a lot	C．lots of	D．many
（5）A．desks	B．hands	C．bags	D．mouths
（6）A．full	B．hungry	C．thirsty	D．awful
（7）A．carry	B．have	C．touch	D．keep
（8）A．too	B．to	C．so	D．very
（9）A．danger	B．pressure	C．power	D．laughter
（10）A．quietly	B．hardly	C．wisely	D．recently

    Everyone knows that second﹣hand smoke is as dangerous as first﹣hand

smoke． But have you （ 1）h　　 of "third﹣hand" smoke？Third﹣hand smoke means the pollution left on the surfaces （表面） of things around， （2）l　　 furniture or clothes． When someone smokes in a room， poisonous particles（粒子） in tobacco （烟草） smoke land on the surfaces of the furniture or his clothes， even after the cigarette （香烟） has been put out． This can cause a great danger to your family， （3）e　　younger children．

     Babies have only just learned to walk． They are more likely to be harmed by third﹣hand smoke． This is（4）b　　 they are often close to surfaces of things． such as floors， walls and furniture where tobacco particles remain． When they （5）t　　 these surfaces， they get their hands polluted．

     So， it is necessary and important to say （6）n　　 to third﹣hand smoke． To achieve this， strict （ 7 ） r　　 for forbidding （禁止） smoking inside homes should be carried out． If one of your family members smokes， please make sure he smokes （8）o　　 the house． Get him a special jacket and hat， so once he （9）f　　 smoking， he will take them off before getting inside the house． Moreover， make sure that a smoker washes his hands and face， and changes his clothes before picking up the baby．

     Many times， you cannot see the smoke doing harm to your child， but it doesn't mean he or she is （10）s　　"． Give up smoking， or if that is not possible， make sure that your loved ones， far away from third﹣hand smoke．

The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest wonders of the world．With a （1） 　 　of more than 2，000 years， some parts of the Great Wall have disappeared．（2） 　 　， it is still a very popular place of interest．

It is the （3） 　 　wall ever built． It is about 8 meters high． The top is 8 meters wide and it （4） 　 　even wider at the bottom． It is made （5） 　 　stone and brick． People built it by （6） 　 　and it took a long time to finish．

No one knows（7） 　 　when the building of the Great Wall was started． It is believed that the wall was built to （8） 　 　parts of the country in the old days． It also made people live a（n） （9） 　 　life．

Today， many of the visitors go to see the Great Wall．（10） 　 　they stand on top of a tower and look down on this wall， they can't help saying，"Wow， that's fantastic!"

（1）A． number	B． purpose	C． history	D． choice
（2）A． But	B． So	C． And	D． However
（3）A． longest	B． shortest	C． farthest	D． biggest
（4）A． needs	B． gets	C． spends	D． sounds
（5）A． from	B． into	C． by	D． of
（6）A． hand	B． accident	C． machine	D． mistake
（7）A．usually	B．normally	C．exactly	D．luckily
（8）A．provide	B．protect	C．search	D．produce
（9）A．smart	B．awful	C．terrible	D．peaceful
（10）A．Before	B．Unless	C．When	D．Though

A habit is any action that we have performed so often that it becomes something that we do almost without thinking. Some of them are thought to be bad habits. People spend countless hours and dollars each year trying to get rid of these bad habits but often fail. Why? Change is hard work and there is no shortcut to achieve it. However, there is still some advice for you to follow.
First, look at why you do it. In other words, what’s the result of doing this thing? If your bad habit is shouting at people when you are unhappy or under pressure, what do you get from it? It may make you feel a little better for the moment. Or maybe you have a bad habit of leaving your homework undone. The result could be that you get more time to spend on the Internet!
Next, take a look on the other hand. What are you losing because of your habit? Shouting at other people is a bad habit because it makes people around you feel bad and unhappy. Leaving your homework undone is a bad habit because you may be punished by your teacher. Having more Internet time means that you are losing the chance to learn the things that you need to learn. When you think that way, you’ll find that it’s not wise to keep your bad habit! Now it is time to make a decision. What will you choose? I’m sure you will choose to do what you think is more important.
From the first paragraph we know that __________.

A．a habit is a terrible thing that we can never change

B．people take countless hours and dollars to get rid of habits

C．none of the people who try to break bad habits are successful

D．though it is difficult, we can still do something about our bad habits

The underlined sentence “there is no shortcut to achieve it” means that ________.

A．it is not easy to get rid of bad habits

B．there is a long way and a short way

C．something dangerous may happen

D．we must cut it in a short time.

The main purpose of this passage is to __________.

A．introduce and describe	B．complain（埋怨）and disagree
C．explain(解释) and advise	D．discuss and argue（争论）