初中英语说明文阅读理解

Renmin Hospital Xia Zhanhui, Doctor 68 Guangming Road, Shenzhen Tel: [phone] Email: [e-mail]

Pudong No.1 Restaurant Xu Guoqing, Manager(经理) 66 Huangpu Road, Shanghai Tel: [phone] 15823017699

SDTV Station (电视台) Wang Tao, Office worker 20 Quancheng Road(路), Ji’nan Tel: [phone] 18853106796 Email: [e-mail]

根据名片内容，选择正确答案。
Wang Tao works in ____.

A．SDTV Station	B．Pudong No.1 Restaurant
C．Renmin Hospital	D．Shuntong Taxi Company

We can call Xu Guoqing at ____.

A．0531-76453210

B．0755- 6357617

C．13872205368

D．15823017699

If your friend is ill (生病的), he can call ____.

A．Wang Tao

B．Xu Guoqing

C．Xia Zhanhui

D．Liu Yong

You can’t get in touch with (与……联系) ____ by Email.

A．Wang Tao

B．Xu Guoqing

C．Xia Zhanhui

D．Liu Yong

Liu Yong lives in ____. He is a ____.

A．Ji’nan; worker	B．Shanghai; manager
C．Shenzhen; doctor	D．Tianjin; driver

Many young people use computers, but few of them know how to look after them. Remember the following notice when you use your computer.
·Keep your computer in a cool, dry room.       Moisture (潮湿) is also bad for them. Most computers work best at a temperature of 5℃—30℃.
·  Smoke of all kinds is very bad for many parts of a computer and can cause many problems.
· Pieces of food and even a little water in the keyboard can also cause many problems.
·Make sure that the keyboard and screen (屏幕) are the correct height (高度) for you.    
·Make sure the screen is the correct distance (距离) from your eyes. If you wear glasses, make sure these glasses are correct for using the computer.       
·Keep you screen clean and don’t make it too bright. A dirty screen can hurt your eyes. A very bright screen can also be bad for your eyes.
将下列句子的序号填在横线上，使短文完整。

A．Some people use a different pair of glasses when they use a computer.

B．Too much or too little heat (热量) is bad for computers.

C．Don’t eat or drink when you are near your computer.

D．If they are not the correct height, you will get a backache.

E. Don’t let people smoke near your computer.

Imagine having an idea, drawing it on paper, bringing it to a store and seeing it turned into an object. This is now possible with the help of 3D printers. Such machines were once used just by universities and big companies, but now, stores with 3D printing services are appearing around the United States.
Bryan Jaycox and his wife opened The Build Shop LLC in Los Angeles two years ago. The Jaycoxs offer 3D printing classes and services for anyone who is interested.
“I think 3D printing is going to be huge. It’s going to have a huge influence on society as a whole.” says KiChong Tran, one of the students in a recent class. He plans to open a 3D printing business in Cambodia (柬埔寨).
3D printing services are coming into American people’s life. The UPS Store is a nationwide retailer (零售商) that provides copying and other services. The UPS Store recently put 3D printers in three of its independently-owned stores. Burke Jones owns one of the stores in San Diego.
“The demand has been amazing. There has been a lot of interest from people. It’s been much more than I would have imagined.”
The UPS Store plans to add 3D printers in three more stores.
For $11, someone used a 3D printer to produce two small plastic parts as part of a knuckle (指节) for a hand. He works for the company which is testing finger prosthetics (假肢). He says the same–day or next-day printing services will speed up testing of parts and get them to patients faster.
Staples, an American store, is selling 3D printers on its website for as low as about $1,300. As with any technology - experts expect the printing speed to increase and the price to go down.
Bryan Jaycox requires $15 an hour to print an object. He also sets the price depending on the size of the object and up to $50 an hour for design and labor services.
Mr Jaycox thinks that within five years, 3D printing technology could become more user friendly. But KiChong Tran says even today’s technology can make a difference in a developing country like Cambodia.
“With 3D printing you can give them tools, so they are responsible more for their own development and they learn skills beyond just like learning English and becoming a tour guide or something like that. You can actually create things that give value to the world.”
He says it’s not just Cambodia but anywhere where there is a 3D printer, it can turn a good idea into reality.
What can 3D printers do according to the passage?

A．Come up with an idea.

B．Draw on a piece of paper.

C．Help users to spend less money.

D．Turn an idea into a physical object.

What does the underlined part mean in this passage?

A．Make users’ life better.

B．Make friends with users.

C．Make 3D printers easier to use.

D．Use 3D printers to make money.

What can we infer from the passage?

A．3D printing is becoming popular in the world.

B．There is no 3D printing business in Cambodia.

C．The UPS Store is the biggest 3D printing company.

D．3D printing plays the most important role in daily life.

What’s the passage mainly about?

A．The future of 3D printing in the world.

B．The 3D printing business in Cambodia.

C．The development and growth of 3D printing business.

D．The 3D printing classes and services in different places.

Hi, boys and girls! Welcome to our museum. It’s free. You don’t have to pay any money. But we have some rules for you. Please remember them and do as I say. Firstly, don’t have food or drink here. You may make our museum dirty. Secondly, you can take photos here, but don’t touch(触摸) the things here. Thirdly, keep quiet in the museum. Don’t talk loudly. Fourthly, the museum is not open after five o’clock in the afternoon. Please leave(离开) before five. Have a good time here! Thank you.
There are some rules for a _____.
A. store               B. park           C. museum
What’s the Chinese meaning of the word “free” in the article?
A. 免费的            B. 迅速的        C.自由的
Students can _____ in the museum.
A. have food and drink   B. take photos     C. talk loudly
Students can stay in the museum _____.
A. all day              B. before 5:00 a.m.  C. before 5:00 p.m
We can learn from the article that _____.
A. students don’t want to pay any money
B. the museum has five rules for the students
C. the speaker hopes the students have a good time

Seeing a volcano erupt (喷发) is a wonderful experience, and you can really feel the heat by climbing to the summit of Pacaya for a close-up view. There are guided tours every day up this highly active volcano from Antigua. Giving travelers a chance to see Mother Nature at her most powerful (强大的).
Pacaya is an easy drive from Antigua, a beautiful city with many colorful houses along its old streets that are turned into art-works during its Holy Week festival. No matter when you come to Antigua, you won’t miss the Pacaya-tour companies.
But climbing Pacaya is no easy job: it is 2,560 metres high and reaching the summit takes two to three hours of seemingly one-step-forward and two-step-back movements. As you climb, you hear the sounds of eruptions high above. Smoke, hot remains from recent eruptions begin to line the path as you near the active summit: the McKenney Cone (火山锥). Just as though you were going to walk over to the edge of the cone, the road turns to the left and up to the safety of the old, inactive summit.

Many tours are timed so that you arrive at the cone of the volcano in plenty of time for sunset and the full scene of the erupting red lava (熔岩) in the darkening sky. On a good day the view from the summit is really exciting. The active mouth boils, sending red lava over its sides, and once in a while shoots hot streams up to 100 metres into the air. There is a strong bad smell in the air even if you take care to be upwind of the cone. As evening turns deeper into the night, the burning lava quietly falls down the side of the volcano. For you, too, it is time to get down.
Many tours are timed for people to _____.

A．get down the mountain in time when night falls

B．avoid the smell from the upwind direction of the cone

C．enjoy the fantastic eruption against the darkening sky

D．appreciate the beauty of the 2,560-metre-high mountain

The word “summit” appears several times in the passage. It means _____.

A．remained, cooled rocks along the path

B．loud sound and terrible smell in the air

C．the most exciting happening in a place

D．the top point of a mountain or hill

What is the main purpose of this passage?

A．To have more tourists come to Pacaya.

B．To describe the beauty of Pacaya.

C．To introduce guided tours to Pacaya.

D．To explain the power of nature at Pacaya.

  The Dress That Turns into a Coca Cola Machine 

This specially designed dress looks like a normal dress，but if you unfold it and cover yourself，you may look like a Coca Cola vending machine（自动售货机）. Because there are many vending machines like that on the street，it must be easy for you to hide．If you feel that someone is following you or there is some danger，you can disappear within five seconds．But don’t use it to scare your classmates．That’ll be rude.
                                  

The M-Dress is a nice black dress．It is also a mobile phone．It accepts a standard SIM card and allows the wearer to receive calls without carrying an actual(真实的) phone in their pocket or purse．You just need to bring your hand to your ear when you want to answer a phone call．When you finish talking and release your hand，the call will close．It is fashionable and useful．But it will certainly be an embarrassing moment when your dress rings in public．
  Air Conditioned Jackets 

You will love these air-cooled jackets in summer time when it is very hot outdoors．The jacket has fans that draw air in．The fan is powered by an inside battery．Now it is possible to spend nearly every second of your day with cool air．
What’s the main purpose of the first dress?

A．To protect the wearer.	B．To scare your classmates.
C．To make the wearer look better.	D．To help sell more Coca Cola.

The underlined word release in the 2^nd paragraph means ________.

A．put up

B．put down

C．put on

D．put out

The second dress is called M-Dress probably because ________.

A． it is made by men	B．it is made for men
C． it is medium-sized	D．it is also a mobile phone

The best title for the second paragraph is ________.

A．A Fashionable and Useful Dress

B．M-Dress That Is Also Your Phone

C．An Embarrassing Moment in Public

D．A Mobile Phone with a Standard SIM Card

Which of the following is TRUE of the Air Conditioned Jackets?

A．They keep you warm in winter.

B．The fans must be turned by hand.

C．The fans in them provide cool air.

D．The ice in them makes them cool.

Every school has notice boards. Let's see what is on the notice board of an American school.

46. From       , parents can get information on the parents meeting.

A．School Policy	B．Report Card
C．After-school Program	D．Class Announcement

Report Card shows parents        .  

A．certain school rules	B．after-school activities
C．plans for classes and tests	D．children's school life and work.

Suppose Tony doesn't do well at school but makes progress, he will get      on the
Report Card.

A．1

B．2

C．3

D．4

Students do their homework and read books           . 

A．from 3:30 to 4:30	B．from 3:30 to 6:00
C．from 4:30 to 6:00	D．from 6:00 to 7:00

According to School Policy visitors have to ________ when entering the school .

A．hand in a note	B．call at 524-9752
C．check in at the office	D．telephone the school

What did you do on April 23, World Book Day, last year? Did you find some interesting books to read? Now let me introduce some good books for you to read.

Title: Dear Andreas Author: Long Yingtai＆Andreas Andreas is a college student studying in Germany. His mother is a writer working in Taiwan. By writing letters to each other for more than three years, Long Yingtai says she clearly understands what an 18-year-old man is like, Andreas says he knows his mother better. This is a great book full of love. Don’t miss it.

Title: Climate Change+2 Degrees Author: Yamamoto Ryoichi If the earth’s temperature went up 2℃, what would happen? In this book we learn about the history, today’s situation and the future of global warming. The author also tells us proper and useful ways to protect our world.

Title: The Methods and Madness Inside Room 56 Author: Rafe Esquith Perhaps the most famous fifth-grade teacher in America, Rafe Esquith,  helps his children understand literature, love life, and become happy, self-confident people using his successful methods in his Los Angeles public school classroom. He has created surprising miracles. This is a powerful book. You’d better read it.

Title: The Last Lecture Author: Randy Pausch Randy Pausch, a professor from New York was asked to give a lecture. He knew it would probably be his last lecture, because he was dying of illness. His lecture wasn’t about dying, but about getting over the difficulties, helping others to realize their dreams.

Who wrote the book The Methods and Madness Inside Room 56?

A．Rafe Esquith.	B．Yamamoto Ryoichi.
C．Randy Pausch.	D．Long Yingtai＆Andreas.

From the book Climate Change+2 Degrees, we can know ________.

A．the earth’s temperature will surely go up 2℃

B．the future of different countries in the world

C．proper and useful ways to protect our world

D．something about the history of global warming

Andreas and his mother know each other better by ________.

A．writing letters	B．sending e-mails
C．talking on the phone	D．chatting on line

Which of the following is NOT true in the book The Last Lecture?

A．The professor is from America.

B．The professor was in his poor health.

C．The professor talked about getting over the difficulties.

D．The professor talked a lot about his illness in his lecture.

The passage may be taken from ________.

A．a diary	B．a book advertisement
C．a novel	D．a film review

If the rose can be said to be a special flower, then the apple can be said to be a special fruit．It is very important in American culture．American stories speak of Johnny Appleseed, who went throughout America collecting apple seeds and planting apple trees．He had a great love for nature and went through fields and farms adding richness and beauty to the country．
One of the first sayings taught to school children is, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away．” This short saying encourages children to eat fresh fruit to keep healthy． If someone always says good words to a person, people will call him an “apple polisher”．This, however, is not a good name．If someone is very dear to us, we say that he or she is the “apple of our eye”．
Most people believe that the fruit which Eve gave to Adam was an apple, even though the Bible (圣经) never says so．The apple, therefore, is a deep part of the language and stories of America．
An apple is also delicious．Apples can be cooked in many ways, used as a dessert, and made into sweet juice．
In many parts of the country during the harvest season, a popular activity is to go into an apple garden to pick apples．Washington, D．C．and New York are both famous for their apples．
Finally, when it’s time to take a vacation to American cities, one can always visit New York, which is “the biggest apple” of all the American cities．
During these years, iphones are popular with the people all over the world. Which country is his starter--Steven Paul Jobs from?

A．America

B．England

C．Russia

D．Japan

Why was Johnny Appleseed so famous?

A．He had a great love of nature．

B．He liked the American people．

C．He went throughout the country．

D．He collected apple seeds and planted apple trees．

What does the underlined phrase “apple polisher” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Something for cutting apples．

B．A person who likes to please others．

C．A person who is dealing with fruits．

D．A machine for cleaning apples quickly．

Which of the following is TRUE with apples?

A．Apples are medicine．

B．Apples are the most important food．

C．New York is famous for its big apples．

D．The Bible says Adam was given an apple．

The passage is mainly about ___________．

A．apples in American culture

B．stories about the apple

C．some famous sayings of the apple

D．big cities that are famous for apples

Passage 1
Do you always understand directions on a bottle of medicine? Do you know what is meant by “Take only as directed”? Read the following directions and see if you understand them.
“To reduce pain, take two tablets (药片) with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night-time and early morning relief (减缓疼痛) take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours.
For children of six t twelve years old, give half the amount (量). For children under six years old, ask your doctor’s advice.
Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.
How many tablets at most can a person over 12 have in 24 hours?

A．Three

B．Four

C．Six

D．Eight

How many tablets should a nine-year-old kid normally take in 24 hours?

A．Half a tablet

B．One tablet

C．Two tablets

D．Four tablets

What is the advice for one who cannot sleep well after taking the medicine?

A．Stop taking the medicine at bedtime.	B．Continue to take the normal amount
C．Take more than the normal amount	D．Take less than the normal amount

It can be inferred from the medicine directions that this medicine ______.

A．helps you to fall asleep quickly	B．may be dangerous to small children
C．cannot be taken if one feels sleepy	D．should not be taken by kids under 6

This text is most probably taken from a _______.

A．textbook

B．newsreel

C．doctor’s notebook

D．bottle of medicine

Wang Lei is studying in No.1 Middle School. He is in Class Three, Grade Nine. The
table is his mid-term self-assessment (自我评价). He draws faces to show his progress.
 excellent       OK        weak
Read the table and find out how well Wang Lei is doing.

Unit Item	Unit 1 The Changing World	Unit 2 Saving the Earth
Vocabulary	Describing changing	Pollution
Grammar	Present perfect tense	Direct speech and indirect speech
Studying skills / pronunciation	Using a dictionary	Reading
Main task	A report	Suggestions

Wang Lei thinks he does best in                       in Unit 1.

A．describing changing	B．using a dictionary
C．a report	D．present perfect tense

What does Wang Lei need to improve in Unit 1?

A．Present perfect tense	B．Using a dictionary
C．A report	D．Describing changing

What is Wang Lei NOT very good at in Unit 2?

A．Pollution	B．Direct speech and indirect speech
C．Reading	D．Suggestions

What do you think Wang Lei does well in?

A．Present perfect tense	B．Direct speech and indirect speech
C．A report	D．Listening and speaking

From the table we know Wang Lei is weak in                   .

A．vocabulary	B．main task
C．studying skills / pronunciation	D．grammar

Wildwood School Library Guide
This will offer you some information about our school library. You can use this guide to help your kids use our library.
Service hours:
3:00 pm—5:30 pm on school days;8:30 am—11：00 am on weekends
On school days, your kids may borrow or return books during opening hours only when his classroom teacher allows him to. At the weekend, our library is open to both you and your kids.
Borrowing
Each student can borrow one or two books at a time: More books can be borrowed only for class reading activities and school research.
Returning:
Books borrowed from the library can be kept for 15 school days. The books must be returned before the due (到期的）date or the kid can not borrow other books.
Damaged(受损的） or Lost Books
When a book is returned in a damaged condition, the kid will have to pay three dollars for the damage. Full price must be paid if a book is lost. We encourage students to carry their library books in plastic bags to protect them from rainy weather.
Please call us at 3362—1323 for more information.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
Students can borrow more than two books at a time__________.   

A．for sending exams	B．to do school research
C．for after-school activities	D．to read together with their parents

________must be paid when a student loses the book he borrows.   

A．Three dollars	B．Half the price of the book
C．Full price of the book	D．Twice the price of the book

The students are advised to _________to prevent rain.   

A．carry their library books in plastic bags

B．cover their library books with raincoats

C．put their library books into their pockets

D．keep their library books in their classroom

This library guide is for_______. 

A．teachers from Wildwood

B．workers in Wildwood School Library .

C．visitors to Wildwood School

D．parents of the Wildwood School students

Which of the following is NOT true?

A．The library is open for two and a half hours every day.

B．Students parents can go to the school library on weekends.

C．Students can go to the library during opening hours as they like.

D．Students can keep the books that they borrow for fifteen school days.

Which part of the world has the most nearsighted students? Just look around you–it’s East Asia. Nine in ten school leavers in major East Asian cities are nearsighted, according to the BBC. Experts say books and video games are not to blame. East Asian students, they say, aren’t getting enough sunlight.
People become nearsighted because their eyeballs grow out of shape and light entering their eyes cannot focus correctly. The body can produce a chemical called dopamine (多巴胺) to stop eyeballs from changing shape. And guess what scientists have just discovered? Sunlight can help our bodies produce more dopamine, reported AFP.
According to the study, primary school students in Singapore spend only 30 minutes outdoors every day; in Australia, by contrast, kids spend about three hours a day outside. As a result, fewer children in Australia are nearsighted–only 10 percent, compared with 90 percent in Singapore.
“Children in East Asia basically go to school... go home and stay inside. They study and they watch television,” Ian Morgan of the Australian National University told AFP.
But being a bookworm or a couch potato does not directly harm the eyes, added Morgan. “As long as they get outside, it doesn’t seem to matter how much study they do,” he explained. “There are some kids who study hard and get outside and play hard and they are generally fine. The ones who are at major risk are the ones who study hard and don’t get outside. As a result of massive (巨大的) educational pressures and the construction (构成) of a child’s day, the amount of time they spend outside in bright light is minimized.”
Experts suggest children should stay outside for two to three hours every day. This can include time spent in the playground and walking to and from school.
Which of the word has the similar meaning as the underlined phrase “nine in ten”?

A．many

B．few

C．some

D．most

What is the main reason for the large number of nearsighted students in East Asia, according to scientists?

A．Too much reading or gaming.	B．Lack（缺少）of sunlight.
C．Genetic reasons.	D．Lack of exercise.

What can we conclude from Paragraph 2?

A．Dopamine is a chemical that causes eyeballs to grow out of shape.

B．Dopamine can stop light entering the eyes from focusing correctly.

C．Spending time in the sun can make the loss of dopamine in the body.

D．The more dopamine a person has in their body, the better eyesight he or she has.

According to Morgan, what kind of people are most likely to suffer from nearsightedness?

A．Those who like watching TV.

B．Those who take exercise regularly.

C．Those who study hard and play hard outdoors.

D．Those who stay indoors studying all day

In Britain, the first day of the month of May is known as May Day. May day marks the end of the harsh(严酷的) winter months, welcomes the beginning of Summer, and optimistically looks forward to the bright and productive months.


For their ancestors, largely in rural areas, it was a major annual festival and was celebrated(庆祝) through out the country, especially on the first day of May with music, dancing and games.
How was May Day Celebrated in the past?


May Day began early in the morning. People went out before sunrise in order to gather flowers and plants to make their houses and villages beautiful in the belief that the vegetation spirits(神灵) would bring good luck.
A traditional May Day dance is Maypole Dancing，On May Day, people used to cut down young trees and stick them in the ground in the village to mark the arrival of summer.People danced around the tree poles in celebration of the end of winter and the start of the fine weather that would allow planting to begin. Maypoles are still a part of some
village life and on May Day the villagers dance around it.


May Day celebrations have their origins(起源) in the Roman festival of Flora, goddess(女神) of fruit and flowers, which marked the beginning of summer. So the highlight of the day was the crowning(为…加冕) of the May Queen(女皇), the human replica (模型) of Flora. By tradition she took no part in the games or dancing, but sat like a queen in a flower-decked chair to watch her 'subjects'.
Ever since 1978, for the convenience of the general public, many May Day activities have now been moved to the new May Day holiday on the first Monday of the month. This Monday is a bank holiday, a day off school and work. There are more intereting celebrations on this day.
In the old days, most people in Britain made their living by             .
A. fishing                B. farming                 C. working in factories
People in Britain celebrate May Day is to express their         
A. pleasure and hope       B. thanks and harvest       C. freedom and new life
Britain’s May Day holiday is on          in 2010.
A. May 1^st               B. May 3^rd                 C. May 5^th
What is not mentioned in this passage?
A. Special food.          B. Special custom.           C. Special activity.
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Only children can take part in the Maypole Dancing.
B. The queen of the UK came to watch her “subjects”.
C. Children needn’t go to school on May Day holiday now.

  Not long ago, people thought babies were not able to learn things until they were five or six months old. Yet doctors in the United States say babies begin learning on their first day of life.
Scientists note that babies are strongly influenced by their environment. They say a baby will smile if her mother does something the baby likes. A baby learns to get the best care possible by smiling to please her mother or other caregivers. This is how babies learn to connect and communicate with other human beings.
One study shows that babies can learn before they are born. The researchers placed a tape recorder on the stomach of a pregnant woman. Then, they played a recording of a short story. On the day the baby was born, the researchers attempted to find if he knew the sounds of the story repeated while in his mother. They did this by placing a device in the mouth of the newborn baby.
The baby would hear the story if he moved his mouth one way. If the baby moved his mouth the other way, he would hear a different story. The researchers say the baby clearly liked the story he heard before he was born. They say the baby would move his mouth so he could hear the story again and again.
Another study shows how mothers can strongly influence social development and language skills in their children.
Researchers studied the children from the age of one month to three years. The researchers attempted to measure the sensitivity of the mothers. The women were considered sensitive if they supported their children’s activities and did not interfere (干涉) unnecessarily. They tested the children for thinking and language development when they were three years old. Also, the researchers observed the women for signs of depression (消沉).
The children of depressed women did not do as well in tests as the children of women who did not suffer from depression. The children of depressed women did poorly in tests of language skills and understanding what they hear.
These children also were less cooperative and had more problems dealing with other people. The researchers noted that the sensitivity of the mothers was important to the intelligence development of their children. Children did better when their mothers were caring, even when they suffered from depression.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the factor that influences intelligence development in babies?

A．The environment.	B．Mother’s sensitivity.
C．Education before birth.	D．Their peers (同龄人)

What is the purpose of the experiment in which newborn babies heard the stories?

A．To prove that babies can learn on the first day they are born.

B．To prove that babies can learn before they are born.

C．To show mothers can strongly influence intelligence development in their babies.

D．To indicate early education has a deep effect on the babies’ language skills.

Which group of children did the worst in tests of language skills?

A．The children of women who did not suffer from depression.

B．The children of depressed but caring mothers.

C．The children of depressed mothers who cared little for their children.

D．The children with high communication abilities.

What is the main idea of the passage?

A．Scientific findings about how intelligence develops in babies.

B．Scientific findings about how the environment has an effect on babies’ intelligence.

C．A study shows babies are not able to learn things until they are five or six months old.

D．Scientific findings about how babies develop before birth.