初中英语说明文试题

There are purple clothes， purple handbags， purple bicycles， purple furniture， even purple computers! So purple is one of the most（1） 　　colors today． But in the past， purple was a very expensive and unusual color． Let's take a look at the rich（2） 　　of the color purple．

Some scientists believe that the first plants to appear on Earth over 500 million years ago（3） 　　looked purple， not green． Plants today are green because（4） 　　use green chlorophyll （叶绿素） to produce energy． （5） 　　these early plants probably used something called retinal， which is a dark purple color．

During the time of the Roman Empire （37BC﹣476AD）， it was very（6） 　　to make purple dye （染料）． The dye came from sea snails （海螺）．But 10，000 dead sea snails（7） 　　you just one gram （克）of purple dye…as well as a very bad smell! This（8） 　　purple dye was called Tyrian purple， and it was the preferred（9） 　　of emperors．

In 16th﹣﹣century England， purple was（10） 　　for the kings family members． Queen Elizabeth I's clothes were purple， but ordinary people were not allowed to（11） 　　the color．

In 1856， William Perkin， an 18﹣year﹣old（12） 　　student， noticed something strange while doing an experiment （实验）． The chemicals （化学药品） he used to clean his instruments（13） 　　with the chemicals he used in his experiment and produced a bright purple color． This（14） 　　led Perkin to start a company using this chemical mixture to make purple dye． The dye was much（15） 　　than sea﹣snail dye． Thanks to Perkin， now anyone can afford to wear purple clothes．

（1）A． peaceful	B． popular	C． exciting	D． serious
（2）A． history	B． style	C． research	D． product
（3）A． gradually	B． especially	C． exactly	D． probably
（4）A． others	B． they	C． we	D． some
（5）A． And	B． So	C． But	D． Until
（6）A． dangerous	B． common	C． difficult	D． strange
（7）A． got	B． passed	C． wasted	D． cost
（8）A． basic	B． harmful	C． special	D． perfect
（9）A． color	B． smell	C． plant	D． animal
（10）A． even	B． never	C． seldom	D． only
（11）A． wear	B． sell	C． change	D． make
（12）A． geography	B． science	C． art	D． math
（13）A． compared	B． mixed	C． collected	D． kept
（14）A． survey	B． suggestion	C． discovery	D． exam
（15）A． healthier	B． thicker	C． cheaper	D． darker

Martin’s Clothes Store
Come and buy your clothes at Martin’s Clothes Store! We have pants, shorts, hats and more at very good prices! Come and have a look!
Clothes Price
black pants
blue pants
green pants $20
$18
$22
shorts ( all colours)   $10
hats (all colours)  $14
socks (all colours) $5
red skirts
blue skirts
white skirts    $12
$14
$11
white T-shirts
green T-shirts  $7
$8
red sweaters
yellow sweaters $30
$28
Where does Martin work?

A．In a bookstore.	B．In a clothes store.
C．In a hotel.	D．On a farm.

A yellow sweater and a pair of black pants are           .

A．$48

B．$34

C．$29

D．$36

Cindy has nineteen dollars. She can buy          with the money.

A．a hat and a T-shirt

B．a T-shirt and a pair of socks

C．a skirt and a pair of shorts

D．a sweater and a T-shirt

Of all the clothes,            are the most expensive.

A．skirts	B．pants
C．sweaters	D．hats

Rose can’t buy           at Martin’s Clothes Store.

A．red hats

B．blue socks

C．green pants

D．black T-shirts

We each have a memory. That’s why we can still remember things after a long time. Some people have very good memories and they can easily learn many things by heart, but some people can only remember things when they say or do the again and again. Many of the great men of the world have got surprising memories.
A good memory is a great help in learning languages. Everybody learns his mother language when he is a small child. He hears the sounds, remembers them and then he learns to speak. Some children are living with their parents in foreign countries. They can learn two languages as easily as one because they hear， remember and speak two languages every day. In school it is not so easy to learn a foreign language because the pupils have so little time for it, and they are busy with other subjects, too.
But your memory will become better and better when you do more and more exercises.
Some people can easily learn many things by heart because __________ .

A．they always sleep well

B．they often eat good foot

C．they read a lot of books

D．they have very good memories

Everybody learns his mother language __________ .

A．at the age of six

B．when he is a small child

C．after he goes to school

D．when he can read and write

In school the pupils can’t learn a foreign language easily because __________ .

A．they have no good memories

B．they have no good teachers

C．they don’t like it

D．they are busy with other subjects

Your memory will become better and better __________ .

A．if you have a lot of good food

B．if you do more and more exercises

C．if you do morning exercises every day

D．if you get up early

Choose the best topic from A to F according to the meaning of each paragraph.
Suggest your parents turning off their cars when they don’t use them. Don’t use the cleaners that are bad for the environments. Don’t throw waste here and there.
If you live in cities or towns , it will be easy for you to recycle waste. You just put your glass, paper and plastic bags outside and the recycling truck will pick them up . If you don’t live in such areas, you have to find a recycling centre.
When you have a bath , brush your teeth or wash your hands, please don’t let the water run all the time . Only run the water when necessary.
Turn off the lights and television when you are out. Don’t waste the electricity. Energy is very important to us.
Paper is made of wood. If you waste too much paper, you are cutting down more trees. Forests are so important to us, so try to make the best use of paper.

A. How to protect trees B. Save energy C. Avoid environmental pollution E. Save water D. Recycle F. Don’t waste paper

 

Once an animal expert did some research on antelopes（羚羊）． These antelopes were living on both sides of a river in South America．The expert（1） 　　that the antelopes on the east side multiplied（繁殖）more and ran faster than（2） 　　on the west．

The expert didn't get the reason about differences after thinking hard， as the two groups of antelopes lived in（3） 　　environment and they fed on the same kind of grass．

One year，（4） 　　the help of the Animal Protecting society， he caught ten antelopes on each side and（5） 　　them． A year later， the ten antelopes that were sent to the west side multiplied by fourteen． （6） 　　how about the antelopes sent to the east？ Only three remained!

Where were（7） 　　seven？ They were eaten by wolves．

At last the expert understood why the antelopes on the east were （8） 　　． That was because there were a group of wolves﹣their natural enemy， on the（9） 　　side．

So thanks must go to your opponents（对手）． It is your opponents that are（10） 　　you． It's true!

（1）A． has covered	B． covered	C． has discovered	D．discovered
（2）A． they	B． those	C． them	D．that
（3）A． different	B．same	C． the same	D． difference
（4）A． with	B． without	C． under	D．by
（5）A．changed	B． exchanged	C． challenged	D． fed
（6）A． But	B． Though	C． So	D． Or
（7）A． other	B． the other	C．others	D． the others
（8）A． weak	B．weaker	C． strong	D．stronger
（9）A． south	B． north	C． east	D． west
（10）A． improving	B． hurting	C．comparing	D．disappointing

A. The fish are found in an acidic swamp (酸性的煤炭沼泽) on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. Indonesian swamps are disappearing because of the unchecked development and farming. And several populations of the tiny fish have already been lost.
B. According to researchers, such acidic swamps was once thought to have few animals in, but recent research has discovered that they are homes to many unique creatures.
C. The fish has a translucent(半透明的)body and a head unprotected by a skeleton(颅骨).Mature females(成熟的雌性)grow to less than a third of an inch long.
D. Scientists say they have discovered the world's smallest known fish in Indonesia.
E. "This is one of the strangest fish that I've seen in my whole career,' said Ralf Britz, a zoologist(动物学家) at the Natural History Museum in London. "It's tiny and has these special fins(鱼鳍). I hope we'll have time to find out more about them before their habitat disappears completely."
阅读上面的五个短文，并把它们排列成一片完整流畅的文章，并将其标号填入表格相应的位置。

Here are some programs that kids would like to watch on BBC Kids Channel.

Time	Programs
8:30am	Tom’s World Do you know that different kinds of dogs live in different places? It’s true! And there’s a lot more for you to learn as Tom and his friends tell about the dogs!
9:20am	Play School Join the play school to learn English while singing songs, listening to stories, and learn to make things with Big Ted, Jame on the children’s show
12:00pm	BBC News News from all over the world
2:10pm	A Cartoon Movie The movie about a little fish called Nemo. He is caught by a fisherman and later his father travels through the sea to look for him
4:00pm	Around the World Do you want to know how people live in different countries? Do you want to make friends with foreign kids? Come to join in Buzy’s trip.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。
________ will take you to see how people live in different countries.

A．Tom

B．Nemo

C．Buzy

D．Jame

BBC News begins at _______.

A．8:30am	B．2:10pm
C．12:00pm	D．9:20am

Kids can NOT _______ by joining the play school.

A．sing songs	B．draw pictures
C．listen to stories	D．learn to make things

Peter should watch the program _____if he wants to know more about dogs.

A．Tom’s World	B．Play School
C．BBC News	D．around the World

The cartoon movie is about a ________.

A．boy

B．girl

C．fish

D．toy

Little Women is Louisa May Alcott's most famous novel.The novel follows the（1） 　 　of the four March sisters - Meg，Jo，Beth and Amy - and is based on the writer's own（2） 　　of growing up with her three sisters during the American Civil War （1861﹣1865）.

The main theme in the story is the importance of（3） 　　.Other themes include the need to work and self﹣improvement.

When the story begins the sisters are complaining because they are（4） 　　and have to work.Their mother says that they mustn't spend money on pleasure（5） 　 　there is a war and everybody must help.Their father is in the army.In the letters their father sends home he tells his daughters to work hard and not to waste their time.They must try to（6） 　　the bad things in their lives and stay cheerful.He wants to be proud of them when he comes home.The girls decide to make an effort to（7） 　　themselves because they love and miss their father very much.

Alcott was interested in women's rights and，through the four March sisters，she explored （探索）four different（8） 　 　 of being a woman in those days.Meg leaves the family to get（9） 　　 and have a new family.Beth devotes （致力于）herself to（10） 　　 her own family.Amy focuses on herself and her own pleasure.And Jo，like Alcott herself，tries to have a career in writing and care for her family at the same time.

（1）A.rules	B.lives	C.secrets
（2）A.experiences	B.expressions	C.directions
（3）A.friendship	B.work	C.family
（4）A.poor	B.rich	C.clever
（5）A.so	B.because	C.if
（6）A.sell	B.find	C.accept
（7）A.improve	B.serve	C.imagine
（8）A.maps	B.ways	C.circles
（9）A.dressed	B.lost	C.married
（10）A.looking after	B.looking for	C.asking for

Blue whales are the largest animals in the world．But they are amazing（1） 　　because of their huge size， but their slow heartbeat．

For the first time， scientists have researched the（2） 　　of a blue whale．They found （3） 　　when blue whales dive（潜水） for food， their heart rates（心率） are as（4） 　　as 2 beats per （每） minute（bpm）．Scientists used to（5） 　　that their diving heart rate was 15 bpm．When the whales go to the ocean's（6） 　　to breathe， their heart rate is between 25 and 37 bpm．

Usually， the larger an animal is，（7） 　　its heart beats， since it takes more time to pump （输送） blood around（8） 　　body．Shrews， the smallest mammals（哺乳动物） ， have a heart rate of up to 1，000 bpm．Humans usually stay between 60 and 100 bpm．

（9） 　　slowing their heart rate， blue whales can send more blood to the muscles（肌肉） that they use（10） 　　．These muscles become stronger， allowing the whales to dive for longer periods of time．

（1）A．neither	B．either	C．not only	D．although
（2）A．heartbeat	B．body size	C．diving	D．food
（3）A．it	B．that	C．once	D．if
（4）A．many	B．little	C．fast	D．slow
（5）A．regard	B．expect	C．think	D．doubt
（6）A．bottom	B．surface	C．center	D．side
（7）A．the slower	B．slower	C．the faster	D．faster
（8）A．it's	B．its	C．his	D．her
（9）A．By	B．In	C．On	D．At
（10）A．to pump blood	B．to eat	C．to breathe	D．to dive

I was bored last night． So I went to watch the film Treasure Island．I'm not a （1）　__　 of pirates（海盗），and I didn't watch many pirate movies． I think this movie is the best one I have seen． It took me to a world of pirates． Though they are pirates， （2）　　they aren't scary． Eddie Izzard （3）　　 the role of Long John Silver in the movie． I think he acted best． I have never thought much of him． As an actor before， but the movie certainly beat my mind． Toby Regbo， who played Jim Hawkins， performed very （4）　　， too． He told us that the real treasure to us was kindness， not the gold on the island． Other （5）　__　also did a good job．

     The movie was really a （6）　　． So I'd like to （7）　　it to you． I'm sure you will love it．

（1）A．fan	B． writer	C． kid
（2）A．but	B． if	C．不填
（3）A．studied	B． played	C． showed
（4）A．right	B． good	C． well
（5）A．singers	B． doctors	C． actors
（6）A．trouble	B． success	C． question
（7）A．introduce	B． lead	C． report

Many people go to school for an education，They（36） 　　languages and other subjects．Others go to（37） 　 B 　to learn a skill so that they can make a living．（38） 　　no one can learn everything from school．A teacher，no matter（39） 　　he knows，can not teach his students everything they（40） 　　to know．So，much more is to be learned（41） 　　school by the students themselves．It is always（42） 　　to know how to study by oneself than to memorize some formulas（公式）．Formulas are easy to remember but difficult to use in（43） 　　out maths problems．As we all know，great（44） 　　，such as Einstein，Newton and Galileo，didn't learn many things from school．But they were all so successful that they（45） 　　so many things for us．

36．A．dislike	B．speak	C．learn	D．make
37．A．park	B．school	C．home	D．cinema
38．A．Though	B．But	C．If	D．Or
39．A．how often	B．how many	C．how soon	D．how much
40．A．want	B．stop	C．forget	D．fail
41．A．from	B．outside	C．in	D．within
42．A．more important	B．important	C．most important	D．unimportant
43．A．doing	B．getting	C．working	D．taking
44．A．workers	B．scientists	C．doctors	D．students
45．A．remembered	B．celebrated	C．invented	D．shared．

据材料内容选择最佳答案，将其标号填入题前括号内。
If you want to be a tutor, you can call____________.

A．293-7742	B．555-3721
C．667-8973	D．556-3826

People who like dancing can come at____________.

A．7:45 p.m.	B．11:45 a.m.
C．12:15 p.m.	D．2:00 p.m.

Ms. Martin really needs a____________.

A．tutor	B．musician
C．cleaner	D．dancer

Julia can ________________, she wants to be a band member.

A．dance	B．speak English
C．play the violin	D．play the guitar

Who will the tutor help?

A．Mrs. Johansson	B．Emily
C．Mrs. Johansson’s daughter	D．Mrs. Johansson’s son

The computer is fast， and never make a mistake， while people are too slow， and full of mistakes sometimes． Now a（36） 　　can do a lot of everyday jobs wonderfully． It is（37） 　　used in factories， hospitals， post office． A computer can report， decide and control in almost（38） 　　field． Many computer scientists are thinking of（39） 　　　　    the computer "think" like a man． With the help of a person， a computer can（40） 　　    pictures， write music， talk with people， play chess， recognize voice， translate languages and so on． Perhaps（41） 　　computers will really think and feel． Do you think the people will be afraid（42） 　　they find that the computer is too clever to listen to（43） 　　the people？ But I believe man is（44） 　　the master of the computer． The computer works only （45） 　　the help of man． It cannot take place of man．

36． A． boy	B． computer	C． woman	D． teacher
37． A． widely	B． slowly	C． sadly	D． hardly
38．A． either	B． both	C． every	D． none
39． A． making	B． leaving	C． feeling	D． taking
40． A． hear	B． talk	C． draw	D． put
41． A． one day	B． a day	C． any day	D． every day
42． A． what	B． when	C． where	D． why
43． A． choose	B． get	C． have	D． serve
44． A． seldom	B． never	C． always	D． sometimes
45． A． with	B． about	C． beside	D． for

Name	Palace Museum	British Museum	Hermitage Museum	Metropolitan Museum of Art
Location	Beijing, China	London, the UK	Saint Petersburg, Russia	New York, the USA
Information	The largest ancient palace with many kinds of collections in China	One of the largest museums with collections of any time and any area in the world	One of the largest and oldest museums with a large number of collections in the world	The largest art museum in the USA with large collections of art from the USA and other countries
Ticket	60 yuan (April 1^st — October 31^st); 40 yuan (November 1^st — March 31^st )	Free	Foreign tourist: about 70 yuan; Russian tourist: about 20 yuan	About 200 yuan

Jack wants to visit the Hermitage Museum. He should go to ______.

A．Beijing	B．London
C．Saint Petersburg	D．New York

How many museums have the collections of different countries?

A．One.

B．Two.

C．Three.

D．Four.

Mary wants to visit the Palace Museum with her parents on January 1^st. They should pay ______ yuan.

A．60

B．100

C．120

D．140

Which of the following is TRUE according to the materials?

A．Chinese tourists pay more than Russian tourists when they visit the Hermitage Museum.

B．Tourists don’t have to pay when they visit the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

C．The British Museum has the world’s largest art collection.

D．The Palace Museum isn’t open on Mondays.

We may read the material from a ______ magazine.

A．food

B．travel

C．sports

D．science

Malls(购物中心) are popular places for Americans to go to. Some people spend so much time at malls that they are called mall rats. Mall rats shop until they visit hundreds of stores.
People like malls for many reasons. They feel safe because malls have police stations. Parking is usually free. And the temperature inside is always fine. The newest malls have beautiful rest places with waterfalls and large green trees.
The largest mall in the United States is the Mall of America in Minnesota. It covers 4. 2 million square feet. It has 350 stores, eight nightclubs, and a large park! There are parking spaces for 12, 750cars. About 750,000 people shop there very week.
The first indoor mall in the United States was built in 1965 in Edina, Minnesota. People love doing all their shopping in one place. More malls are built around the country. Now malls are town centers where people can come to do many things. They shop, and of course, they also eat in food courts(美食街) that have food from all over the world. They see films at theaters. Some people even get their exercise by doing the new sport of “mall walking”. Others go to malls to meet friends.
In some malls, people can see a doctor and even go to the church. In other words, people can do almost everything in malls. Now people can live in their favorite shopping centers in fact.
Those Americans           are called mall rats.

A．who eat in food courts at malls

B．who spend so much time at malls

C．who enjoy themselves at malls

D．who do all their shopping at malls

According to the passage, Americans like doing shopping           .

A．in one place	B．in a quiet place
C．in a busy place	D．in different places

What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?

A．People like to go to the mall.

B．The Mall of America is noisy.

C．When America had the first mall.

D．The Mall of America is very large.

Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?

A．People can see a doctor in some malls.

B．Parking is free in all the malls.

C．The malls are only in big cities.

D．The largest mall is in Hong Kong.