初中英语说明文试题

Recently a Beijing father sent in a question at an Internet forum(论坛) asking what “PK” meant.
“My family has been watching the ‘I Am the Singer’ singing competition TV program. My little daughter asked me what ‘PK’ meant, but I had no idea,” explained the puzzled father.
To a lot of Chinese young people who have been playing games online, it is impossible not to know this term. In such Internet games, “PK” is short for “Player Kill”, in which two players fight until one ends the life of the other.
In the case of the “I Am the Singer” singing competition, “PK” was used to refer to the stage where two singers have to compete with each other for only one chance to go up in competition raking.
Like this father, Chinese teachers at Middle schools have also been finding their students using Internet jargons which are difficult to understand. A teacher from Tianjin asked her students to write the compositions with simple language, but they came up with a lot of Internet jargons that she didn’t understand.
“My ‘GG’ came back this summer from college. He told me I’ve grown up to be a ‘PLMM’. I loved to ‘FB’ with him together; he always took me to the ‘KPM’,” went one composition.
“GG” means Ge Ge (Chinese pinyin for brother). “PLMM” is Piao Liang Mei Mei (beautiful girl). “FB” means Fu Bai (corruption). “KPM” is short for KFC, Pizza Hut and McDonald’s.
Some specialists welcome Internet jargons as a new development in language. If you do not even know what a Kong Long (dinosaur, meaning an ugly looking female) or a Qing Wa (frog, meaning an ugly looking male ) is, you will possibly be regarded as a Cai Niao!
By writing the article, the writer tries to _________.
A. explain some Internet jargons               
B. suggest common Internet jargons
C. draw our attention to Internet jargons
What does the underlined word Internet jargons mean?
A. Internet language            
B. Internet action           
C. Internet fashion
What does the writer think about the word “PK”?
A. Fathers can’t possibly know it.
B. The daughter should understand it.
C. Online game players may know it.
The example of the Beijing father and the Tianjin teacher are used to show that Internet jargons__________.
A. are used not only online
B. cause trouble to our mother tongue
C. are welcomed by all the people
What would be the best title for the passage?
A. A Puzzled Father!    
B. Do You Speak Internet English?
C. Kong Long or Qing Wa?

When talking about the 2008 Olympic Games, you must think of the host city—Beijing. But maybe you don’t think of the other cities—Qingdao, Tianjin, Qinhuangdao, Shenyang, Shanghai and Hong Kong.
Qingdao held the Olympic sailing competition. Horse-riding events was held in Hong Kong. Tianjin, Qinhuangdao, Shenyang and Shanghai held football preliminaries (预赛).
The following form tells you more.

City	Event	Where	Time
Qingdao	Sailing	Qingdao International Sailing Center	Aug.9-Aug.21
Hong Kong	Horse-riding	Existing Competition Venue （沙田马术中心）	Aug.9-Aug.20
Tianjin	Football preliminaries	Tianjing Olympic Center Stadium	Aug.10, Aug.12
Qinhuangdao	Football preliminaries	Qinhuangdao Olympic Center Stadium	Aug.10, Aug.12
Shengyang	Football preliminaries	Shenyang Olympic Center Stadium	Aug.10’ Aug.12
Shanghai	Football preliminaries	Shanghai Stadium	Aug.10, Aug.12 Aug.13

根据短文和表格内容，选择正确的答案
How many cities were getting ready for the 2008 Olympic Games?

A．One.

B．Six.

C．Seven.

D．Eight.

_______ held horse-riding events.

A．Qingdao International Sailing Center

B．Existing Competition Venue

C．Qinhuangdao Olympic Center Stadium

D．Shanghai Stadium

How long did football preliminaries take?

A．13 days.

B．12 days.

C．7 days.

D．3 days.

The sailing was held in _______.

A．Qingdao

B．Hong Kong

C．Qinhuangdao

D．Shanghai

Which of the following is NOT true?

A．Football preliminaries for the 2008 Olympics were held in four cities in China.

B．Horse-riding events for the 2008 Olympics lasted from Aug. 9 to Aug. 20.

C．Sailing for the 2008 Olympics lasted from Aug. 9 to Aug. 21.

D．Sailing events for the 2008 Olympics was held in Qinhuangdao.

Renmin Hospital Xia Zhanhui, Doctor 68 Guangming Road, Shenzhen Tel: [phone] Email: [e-mail]

Pudong No.1 Restaurant Xu Guoqing, Manager(经理) 66 Huangpu Road, Shanghai Tel: [phone] 15823017699

SDTV Station (电视台) Wang Tao, Office worker 20 Quancheng Road(路), Ji’nan Tel: [phone] 18853106796 Email: [e-mail]

根据名片内容，选择正确答案。
Wang Tao works in ____.

A．SDTV Station	B．Pudong No.1 Restaurant
C．Renmin Hospital	D．Shuntong Taxi Company

We can call Xu Guoqing at ____.

A．0531-76453210

B．0755- 6357617

C．13872205368

D．15823017699

If your friend is ill (生病的), he can call ____.

A．Wang Tao

B．Xu Guoqing

C．Xia Zhanhui

D．Liu Yong

You can’t get in touch with (与……联系) ____ by Email.

A．Wang Tao

B．Xu Guoqing

C．Xia Zhanhui

D．Liu Yong

Liu Yong lives in ____. He is a ____.

A．Ji’nan; worker	B．Shanghai; manager
C．Shenzhen; doctor	D．Tianjin; driver

Many young people use computers, but few of them know how to look after them. Remember the following notice when you use your computer.
·Keep your computer in a cool, dry room.       Moisture (潮湿) is also bad for them. Most computers work best at a temperature of 5℃—30℃.
·  Smoke of all kinds is very bad for many parts of a computer and can cause many problems.
· Pieces of food and even a little water in the keyboard can also cause many problems.
·Make sure that the keyboard and screen (屏幕) are the correct height (高度) for you.    
·Make sure the screen is the correct distance (距离) from your eyes. If you wear glasses, make sure these glasses are correct for using the computer.       
·Keep you screen clean and don’t make it too bright. A dirty screen can hurt your eyes. A very bright screen can also be bad for your eyes.
将下列句子的序号填在横线上，使短文完整。

A．Some people use a different pair of glasses when they use a computer.

B．Too much or too little heat (热量) is bad for computers.

C．Don’t eat or drink when you are near your computer.

D．If they are not the correct height, you will get a backache.

E. Don’t let people smoke near your computer.

YUTIAN, Sept. 6  —Twenty－seven students of a primary school  in Yutian County of Tangshan in Hebei Province were receiving medical treatment on Tuesday after food poisoning(食物中毒). The sick children are from the country's Yuying Primary School, a private boarding school with over 800 students.

LANZHOU, Aug. 24 —The death toll in a food poisoning accident in Gansu Province has risen to three. The three died in the No. 2 People's Hospital in Longxi County. The victims(受害者) had all eaten a local snack made of bean jelly and roast chicken in Wenfeng Township, Longxi County.

School－food poisonings call for stricter actions As lots of food poisoning cases among students made the government require(要求) school－food safety for schools. Some people said increasing prices lead to the poor quality of the food. In fact it's only an excuse. The government asks schools to get higher quality school food, to cook and store food well ，or the people who make school－food poisonings must be punished strictly. Since September, six cases of food poisoning have taken place in Hebei, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guizhou and Shanxi.

The twenty－seven food－poisoning students are from ________.

A．Lanzhou

B．Longxi County

C．the No. 2 People's Hospital

D．Tangshan in Hebei Province

The number of the students in Yuying Primary School is ________.

A．800	B．less than 800
C．more than 800	D．240

Three people died in Gansu because they ate ________.

A．a local snake	B．bean jelly and roast chicken
C．fruits	D．meat

How many provinces are mentioned in the passage?

A．Four.

B．Five.

C．Six.

D．Seven.

How many cases have taken place since August?

A．Four.

B．Five.

C．Six.

D．Seven.

Every place offers the possible dangers for getting hurt, even staying at work. We may face dangers like walking into desks or chairs, receiving unexpected cuts from a paper knife and so on. Industrial jobs have similar and more dangers like getting body parts hurt by machines or falling from a height.
No one wants to get hurt. Some accidents are avoidable(可避免的). Most accidents happen because of common things seen every day—an open desk drawer, a chair pulled out too far, water on the floor and so on. We slowly get used to these things we see every day and never think about what they could possibly become in the future.
Think about the following to prevent dangers to yourself and others:
1. If there is something you see and know may become a danger for yourself or others, do      something about it. Close a desk drawer, clean up or put a sign over the water, turn off the power before leaving, and so on.
2. Get extra persons’ help and support on a task that is too hard for a single person.
3. Study the situation and think what could possibly happen and change if necessary. Do it before something happens and you won’t have to say some day, “ I should have… How sorry I feel…”
To use an old phrase “ Safety is everyone’s duty.” Looking down on it could lead to being hurt. Keep the rule in mind every day “ Everyone wants to go home in the same condition the  came to work in –or better.”
Title:______________ at Work

dangers	There are some dangers like tripping, unexpected by a paper knife.
	1. Most accidents areby the common things seen every day. 2. Get used towe can see every day and never think about the dangers.
Safety rules	1. Turn off the power before you 2. Get extra persons’ help and support if the task is too difficult for you to finish on your. 3. Make some based on the situation.
Warning	Safety on the job is duty.

What will the car be like in the future? Maybe we can sit in a car that can drive itself.
About 40 years ago, scientists from the United States started to develop self-driving cars (无人驾驶汽车). The most famous recent one was made by Google in 2009. There are cameras and radars (雷达) on the top of the car. They allow the computer in the car to draw a 3D map of the environment. Chinese scientists have also successfully developed a self-driving car. The car made a trip from Changsha to Wuhan.
Is a self-driving car safe? A recent study shows that robots make safer drivers than humans. If only 10% of cars on the street are self-driving, they will save 1,000 lives (生命) every year. If 90% of vehicles (交通工具) are self-driving, 21,700 lives will be saved a year. However, a self-driving car is expensive and each costs about $100,000. So it is impossible to be very popular in the near future.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。
American scientists started to develop self-driving cars in 2009.
Cameras and computers are on the top of the self-driving car by Google.
In China, scientists have successfully developed a self-driving car.
The more self-driving cars there are on the street, the fewer traffic deaths there will be.
The self-driving cars will be very popular in the near future.

Wildwood School Library Guide
This will offer you some information about our school library.You can use this guide to help your kids use our library.
Service hours:
3:00 pm—5:30 pm on school days;8:30 am—11：00 am on weekends
On school days,your kids may borrow or return books during opening hours only when his classroom teacher allows him to.At the weekend,our library is open to both you and your kids.
Borrowing
Each student can borrow one or two books at a time:More books can be borrowed only for class reading activities and school research.
Returning:
Books borrowed from the library can be kept for 15 school days. The books must be returned before the due (到期的）date or the kid can not borrow other books.
Damaged(受损的） or Lost Books
When a book is returned in a damaged condition,the kid will have to pay three dollars for the damage.Full price must be paid if a book is lost. We encourage students to carry their library books in plastic bags to protect them from rainy weather.
Please call us at 3362—1323 for more information.
Students can borrow more than two books at a time__________.

A．for sending exams

B．to do school research

C．for after-school activities

D．to read together with their parents

_______must be paid when a student loses the book he borrows.

A．Three dollars	B．Half the price of the book
C．Full price of the book	D．Twice the price of the book

The students are advised to _________to prevent rain.

A．carry their library books in plastic bags

B．cover their library books with raincoats

C．put their library books into their pockets

D．keep their library books in their classroom

This library guide is for_______.

A．teachers from Wildwood

B．workers in Wildwood School Library

C．visitors to Wildwood School

D．parents of the Wildwood School students

Which of the following is NOT true?

A．The library is open for two and a half hours every day.

B．Students parents can go to the school library on weekends.

C．Students can go to the library during opening hours as they like.

D．Students can keep the books that they borrow for fifteen school days.

What do you think robots will be like in the future? Do you think robots will work better than humans? Now come on and see the movie I, Robot.

Tickets Information Dates: 20th July — 28th July Mon. — Fri. 10.00 am, 7.00 pm Sat. — Sun. 10.00 am, 2.00 pm, 7.00 pm Place: Town Cinema Time: 2.5 hours Ticket prices: $30 (day shows) $40 (evening shows) Children under 3 years old: free Family package: $110 for 4 tickets (10.00 am, 2.00 pm shows) $130 for 4 tickets (7.00 pm shows) Tel: [phone]

根据以上内容，选择正确答案。
The movie will be on for 　　　.

A．7 days

B．8 days

C．9 days

D．12 days

Each show lasts 　　　.

A．10 hours

B．7 hours

C．2.5 hours

D．2 hours

Mary is a student. She can go to see the movie at 　　　 on 　　　.

A．2.00 pm; Sunday	B．2.00 pm; Monday
C．5.00 am; Saturday	D．5.00 am; Friday

If the Smiths go to see the movie with their two 7-year-old sons on Saturday evening, they will pay 　　　.

A．＄160

B．＄130

C．＄110

D．＄70

We can’t find 　　　 in the ad.

A．the name of the movie

B．the name of the cinema

C．the telephone number

D．the names of some actors

When we talk about intelligence(智力)，we do not mean the ability to get good scores on certain kinds of tests or even the ability to do well in school．By intelligence we mean a way of living and behaving(表现)，especially in a new situation．If we want to test intelligence，we need to find out how a person acts instead of how much he knows what to do．
For example，when in a new situation，an intelligent person thinks about the situation，not about himself or what might happen to him．He tries to find out all be can，and then he acts immediately and tries to do something about it．He probably isn’t sure how it will all work out，but at least he tries．And if he cannot make things work out right，he doesn’t feel ashamed(羞愧)that he failed，he just tries to learn from his mistakes．An intelligent person，even if he is very young，has a special outlook(看法)on life，a special feeling about life，and how he fits into it．
If you look at children，you’ll see great difference between what we call“bright”children and“non-bright”children．They are actually two different kinds of people，not just the same kind with different amount of intelligence．For example，the bright child really wants to find out about life-he tries to get in touch with everything around him．But the unintelligent child keeps more to himself and his own dream-world：he seems to have a wall between him and life in general．
According to this passage，intelligence is the ability to__________．

A．get some high scores on some tests

B．do well in school

C．deal with life

D．have a lot of book knowledge

In a new situation，an intelligent person________．

A．knows more about what might happen to him

B．is sure of the result he will get

C．cares more about himself

D．keeps his mind on what to do about the situation

If an intelligent person failed，he would_______．

A．try not to feel ashamed

B．learn from his mistakes

C．try to find all he could

D．make sure what result he would get

Bright children and non-bright children________．

A．are two different types of children

B．are different mainly in their degree of cleverness

C．have difference only in their way of thinking

D．have different knowledge about the world

综合阅读（共二节，计30分）
阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下面四位生活在中国的朋友在QQ群中的聊天记录，选择最佳选项。
Mary 8:45:10am
Hi! Nice to meet you!
Jim 8:45:15am
Hi! Nice to meet you, too!
Mary 8:46:08am
I’m a girl. My name is Mary Green. My favorite (最喜爱的) color is red. My telephone number is 873-3516.
Jim 8:46:36am
I’m a boy. My name’s Jim Hand. My favorite color is blue. And my phone number is 894-2015.
Mike 8:46:40am
Hello! I’m a boy. I’m Mike Miller. I like (喜欢) green. My phone number is 740-8899.
Sally 8:46:43am
Hi, I’m a girl. I’m Sally Black. Black is my favorite color. My phone number is 388-9654.
Who is the first on QQ?

A．Mary

B．Jim

C．Mike

D．Sally

Black is ________ last name.

A．Mary’s	B．Jim’s
C．Mike’s	D．Sally’s

Mike likes ________.

A．red

B．blue

C．green

D．black

Jim’s telephone number is _______.

A．837-3516	B．894-2015
C．740-8899	D．388-9654

The four kids (小孩) are on line (在网上) ________.

A．in the morning	B．in the afternoon
C．in the evening	D．at night (夜晚)

阅读表达 （共5小题，计5分）
Tanzania(坦桑尼亚) has _________ animals, such as lions, elephants, giraffes, crocodiles and so on(等等). Every year, many people in the world travel to this African country to watch the animals closely. But do you know how they travel?
By bus --This is the most common way. When people get on a bus, they'll find that the bus is a little strange(奇怪). It is different from the buses we often see. There are no big windows（窗户） at all, but some small windows. And it looks like a cage. What are they used for? Oh, people can use it to watch animals and take photos.
By boat --We can often see many people are in a boat, enjoying the beautiful things along a river or a lake, and they can also enjoy the hippos(河马) and crocodiles from a nearer distance.
By hot balloon(热气球) --In the early morning, when the sun is beginning to rise, a large hot balloon is also starting its tour. Taking a hot balloon makes most of the tourists excited. After some time, the balloon will land in a certain place, and the waiters will give people delicious and special breakfast. But the cost of taking a hot balloon is also very high. A person should pay 400 dollars for an hour's trip
“such as ” 的汉语意思是__________________________________________________
How many ways of transportation(交通方式) are mentioned in the passage?
__________________________________
Put the underlined sentence into Chinese.（写出划线句子的汉语意思）
_______________________________________________________________________
在文中空白处填上适当的单词。（不多于3个）______________________________.
___________________________ is the most common way of traveling in Tanzania.

The air plant has wonderful and amazing features. It takes in moisture(水汽)from the air through its leaves．Although it is seen growing on another object or plant to support itself.
To prevent the roots from being too wet，avoid(避免) planting it in soil. Keep the roots in a well—ventilated(通风良好的)environment. Air plants can grow well hanging from fishing lines. They can also be hung from seashells, teacups or even on wood.
Water the air plant once in a while. Simply let the water fall from the roots. The roots will take in the water for the air plant. The air plant can live between 0℃° and 51 ℃. It does not need to be in the light all the time. However, sunlight(morning and evening only)helps it to reproduce(繁殖)faster. When it flowers，it turns a colorful pink, red or orange．At most 8 young plants can grow from the air plant．When these grow to half the size of the parent plant, simply pull them away gently from the parent plant and plant them in another place．
The lifespan of an air plant depends on the care it gets and the environment it is placed in. Generally, all air plant can live for many years.
Because they are so beautiful and easy to take care of, air plants are excellent as birthday gifts or housewarming gifts.
The air plant takes in moisture from ______.

A．other plants	B．the air
C．the roots	D．other objects

An air plant must NOT be placed in _______.

A．soil

B．seashells

C．teacups

D．wood

Morning sunlight can help the air plant _________.

A．become drier

B．produce young plants faster

C．turn into different colors

D．become half the size of the parent plant

The underlined word “depend on” most probably means _______.

A．支持

B．继续

C．取决于

D．应付

The air plant is easy to take care of because it ______.

A．is a famous plant

B．needs little water and sunlight

C．grows on other plants and objects

D．makes the garden beautiful

Bamboo (竹子) is one of nature's (自然) most surprising plants. Many people call this plant a tree, but it is a kind of grass.
Like other kinds of grass, a bamboo plant may be cut very low to the ground, but it will grow back very quickly. A Japanese scientist reported one bamboo plant which grew 1. 5 metres(4 feet) in 24 hours! Bamboo grows almost everywhere in the world except Europe. There are more than 1, 000 kinds of bamboo.
Not all bamboo looks the same. Some bamboo plants are very thin. They may only grow to be a few centimetres wide while others may grow to more than 30 centimetres (1 foot) across. This plant also comes in different colours, from yellow to black to green.
Bamboo has been used to make many things such as hats and kitchen tools( 厨房用具). Because it is strong, bamboo is also used to build buildings.
Many Asian countries have used bamboo for hundreds of years. They often use bamboo for buildings and supporting (支撑) new buildings and bridges while they are being built.
In Africa, poor farmers are taught how to find water using bamboo. These African countries need cheap way to find water because they have no money, and their fields often die from no rain and no water. Bamboo pipes( 管子) help poor farmers bring water to their thirsty fields without spending a lot of money.
How is bamboo like grass?

A．It grows quickly.

B．It's wood. `

C．it is easy to cut.

D．It is very thin.

Though you can see bamboo everywhere, it doesn't grow      .

A．in China

B．in Europe

C．on mountains

D．in Africa

Why is bamboo used by African poor farmers? Because       .

A．it is cheap	B．it has different colours
C．it is strong	D．it has been used by Asians

Bamboo pipes can      .

A．make money

B．be trees

C．grow quickly

D．carry water

In Asia, bamboo has been used for      .

A．a short time

B．many thousands of years

C．many hundreds of years

D．about 100 years

根据短文内容按要求完成任务。（共30分，每小题2分）
No one is born knowing how to study. You need to learn a few study skills and then practice them. Here are six ways of studying smartly.
Listen carefully in class. When you listen carefully in class and take good notes, you are starting learning carefully. Are you sitting next to a loud person? Is it hard to see the blackboard clearly? Tell your teacher or parents about this kind of problems.
Take food notes. Not sure how to take notes? Start by writing down what your teacher says or writes on the blackboard during class. Try your best to write clearly so you can read your notes later.
Plan ahead （提前作计划）. It is bad to wait until Thursday night to study for Friday’s exam. You should plan ahead. Write down the date of your exam. You can plan what to do after school each day, and how much time to spend on each subject.
Break it up（拆开）。 When there’s a lot to study, it can help you to break things into units. If you have an exam on spelling words, break them up into five-word units and work on one or two different units each night.
Ask for help. Ask your teacher for help if you don’t understand something. If you’re at home, your mom or dad might be able to help.
Have a good sleep. A good sleep is good for your next day’s study.
How many ways to study smartly are there in the passage?
What is the first step(步骤) of starting learning and studying?
What could you do if you have a lot to study?
Who can you ask for help when you don’t understand something at school?
Do you think a good sleep is good for your next day’s study