初中英语说明文试题

We live in a forest in Zambia（赞比亚）．There aren't any neighbor（46） 　 　nearby．And this community school is about an hour's drive from our home．It（47） 　 　169 students from Grade 1 to Grade 7．There are four teachers in the school．They are volunteers and they teach students（48） 　 　getting any money．But sometimes students will give（49） 　 　teachers some chicken and corn．There are over 70 languages in Zambia．Englishis the most popular and（50） 　 　of the students can speak English．

There is no running water in the school and the water pump（水泵） is broken．Teachers and students can't（51） 　　it for two months．So they have to（52） 　　their water from a nearby river．During school holidays，it always rains（53） 　　and the grass grows taller and taller．When school opens again，students will（54） 　　the grass and the school ground．

Most children in Zambia go to the community schools（55） 　　other schools are too far for them to go．They like their schools and they love their teachers．

46．A．restaurants	B．classrooms	C．schools	D．libraries
47．A．serves for	B．serves	C．works	D．works with
48．A．of	B．with	C．for	D．without
49．A．their	B．his	C．her	D．your
50．A．best	B．more	C．many	D．most
51．A．dig	B．use	C．fill	D．solve
52．A．send	B．touch	C．get	D．borrow
53．A．heavily	B．loudly	C．quietly	D．comfortably
54．A．raise	B．cut	C．clean	D．choose
55．A．if	B．because	C．unless	D．so

False Bay is South Africa． It is one of the（1）　　places in the world to see a great white shark． The great white shark is known for its（2）　　﹣﹣the largest sharks can grow to six meters in length and over 2,000 kilometres in weight． Great white sharks are meat﹣eaters． They catch large（3）　　like tuna（金枪鱼），seals（海豹）and even whales，Great white sharks also（4）　　boats． Simon a British researcher， was lucky to get away safely when a shark bit into his boat． About three people are killed each year（5）　　great white sharks．

     The sharks come to hunt 60，000 seals that live in False Bay， In order to find fish， the seals have to cross the deep water of the bay﹣﹣ this is where the sharks（6）　　． Great white sharks are very good hunters．They wait below the seals and then swim（7）　　and crash into them by surprise at 40kilometers per hour， killing （8）　　with one bite．

     Will a shark attack something that（9）　　like food？

    Some researchers put a carpet in the shape of a seal（10）　　． At high speeds the sharks can't tell the difference．

   （11）　　a shark choose between a plant and a fish？

     When scientists put tuna and sea﹣plant in the water， the shark bites into（12）　　．Even though sharks eat meat， if a plant looks like an animal， the shark attacks．

   Will a shark prefer to eat a human or a fish？

    When the shark has a choice between humans and tuna， it is the（13）　　that attracts the shark's attention． Great white sharks clearly prefer fish to humans．

    These researchers show that great white sharks are（14）　　hunters which will attack anything that looks and acts like a fish． （15）　　， that means humans can also get bitten by mistake．

（1）A． good	B． well	C． better	D． best
（2）A． colour	B． size	C． speed	D． shape
（3）A． pets	B． insects	C． sea﹣animals	D． birds
（4）A． attack	B． protect	C． love	D． follow
（5）A． for	B． by	C． with	D． of
（6）A． wait	B． rest	C． sleep	D． play
（7）A． around	B． along	C． down	D． up
（8）A． us	B． you	C． it	D． them
（9）A． looks	B． sounds	C． smells	D． tastes
（10）A． on the ground	B． in the sky	C． in the water	D． in the room
（11）A． Can	B． May	C． Must	D． Should
（12）A． all	B． none	C． both	D． neither
（13）A． human	B． fish	C． sea﹣plant	D． boat
（14）A． amazing	B． strange	C． kind	D． dangerous
（15）A． Proudly	B． Unluckily	C． Finally	D． Happily

A famous symbol in American culture is a cartoon animal﹣﹣Mickey Mouse．Mickey first （1） 　　in a cartoon in New York in 1982．Walt Disney was the father of Mickey．He made lots of cartoons with Mickey．Many people around the world love the mouse with two （2） 　　ears．He was so popular because he was like a common man，but he always tried to face any danger and solve the problems all by himself．In Disney's early films，Mickey was （3） 　　，he lost his house and girlfriend，Minnie．（4） 　　，he never gave up his efforts and always won at last．Most people want to be like him．Now Mickey Mouse is still one of the most popular（5） 　　characters in the world．

（1）A．ran out	B．hung out	C．came out
（2）A．large and round	B．small and short	C．long and white
（3）A．rich	B．happy	C．unlucky
（4）A．Also	B．However	C．So
（5）A．cartoon	B．play	C．novel

Last year， I did not like my English class． Every class was like a bad（1） 　　． The teacher

（2） 　　so quickly that I didn't understand her most of the time． I was afraid（3） 　　questions

because of my（4） 　　pronunciation． I just hid behind my textbook and never said（5） 　　

（1） A． luck	B． cloud	C． dream
（2） A． speaks	B． spoke	C． speaking
（3） A． to ask	B． to tell	C． to give
（4） A poor	B． good	C． nice
（5） A something	B． anything	C． nothing

You and your family are planning a picnic for tomorrow．But you want to

（16）　　 the weather forecast （预报） first to see whether there will be rain or not．Your father turns on the television and the family listens to the（17）　　make the weather report．

"It will be partly cloudy tomorrow morning，（18）　　clearing by early afternoon．The high tomorrow will be 85．"

As there will be no rain，the whole family feels（19）　　．Without the weather forecast，you would not know this，and you would just have to take your chances．But now，you can plan your picnic（20）　　worrying whether it will rain or not．

The man you can thank for this is Cleveland Abbe．He is known as the father of the weather bureau．He was the first person to publish（21）　　weather forecasts in the United States．

Abbe began his daily weather bulletins （简报） in 1869．They were based on weather（22）_____he drew from telegraphed reports of weather conditions．Because of their accuracy （准确），the reports were（23）　　．

Congress （国会） became（24）　　 in Abbe's weather reports．They made Abbe a meteorologist （someone who studies weather conditions），and he（25）　　 issuing （发布） forecasts three times a day．He was the first official forecaster of the U．S．Weather Service．Because he often forecast probable storms，Abbe earned the nickname of "Old Probabilities．"

16．A．produce	B．spread	C．check	D．organize
17．A．fireman	B．postman	C．fisherman	D．weatherman
18．A．so	B．but	C．after	D．because
19．A．happy	B．worried	C．stressed	D．curious
20．A．about	B．without	C．against	D．from
21．A．online	B．polluted	C．daily	D．indoor
22．A．maps	B．stations	C．space	D．centers
23．A．strange	B．popular	C．terrible	D．useless
24．A．successful	B．similar	C．bored	D．interested
25．A．avoided	B．began	C．minded	D．risked．

I'm Chen Peng，I am 15 years old，I am a student in Grade Eight．I like （31） 　　very much．I am so lucky．I have been a Teens reporter （32） 　　．I sent some articles to the newspaper in 2013．I think it's fun and helps me （33） 　　my English writing．At first，when the editor asked me to write something，I had to think （34） 　　a long time．But now I can think and write faster than before．I often see my pictures and articles in the newspaper．My classmates and teachers were really （35） 　　when they saw that！Join us!

31．A．writing	B．singing	C．reading
32．A．when	B．since	C．before
33．A．understand	B．research	C．improve
34．A．for	B．on	C．at
35．A．angry	B．surprised	C．sad

Today I was so happy to know that I did quite well in my last week's science exam．Thanks to Daniel，he taught me a new way of（34） 　　over lessons．It is called"map idea"．

Because of the map idea，I've learned（35） 　　to find out the main idea in every lesson．And in my mind I can（36） 　　a map of all the important knowledge I need to remember．It's really great．I can remember so much in that way．

I had never thought about changing the way of study before．I always thought I had a（37） 　　memory，but now my memory has become better because of the map idea．It made my stuy much easier and more enjoyable．I know how to learn well is the most important（38） 　　us students．

34．A：go	B：to go	C：going	D：gone
35．A：how	B：when	C：where	D：why
36．A：find	B：draw	C：buy	D：borrow
37．A：good	B：special	C：common	D：poor
38．A：of	B：for	C：with	D：in

The universe is really mystical（神秘的）．Scientists have done lots of study about it but there is till much they haven't discovered．

Scientists think that there （41） 　　life on the earth for many many years．However，we haven't found life on any other planets （42） 　　．

There are eighteen planets going around the sun．The earth is one of them．There are humans，animals，plants and many other kinds of life on the earth．There is water and air，too．And compared to the other planets，the earth is not too （43） 　　or too cold．None of seven other planets has an environment like that of the earth．

The sun and its planets are called the solar system，and our solar system is a small part of a （44） 　　larger group of stars and planets，called the Galaxy or the Milky Way．There are （45） 　　stars in the Galaxy，and our sun is only one of them．

Scientists have also discovered many other galaxies in the universe．Their light has to travel for many years to reach us．So （46） 　　is the universe？it is impossible to imagine．

Scientists have sent spaceship to the planet Mars （47） 　　photos．they have even sent spaceships to travel outside （48） 　　．However，no spaceship has traveled （49） 　　to reach other stars in our Galaxy．

When we see stars twinkling（闪耀） in the sky at night，we may think a lot：（50） 　　so many stars in the universe，is there life out there in space？If there is life on other planets，what life will be like there？What transports do they use to travel？why don't they visit us？We do not know the answers…

41．A．is going to be	B．are going to be	C．has been	D．have been
42．A．yet	B．already	C．still	D．just
43．A．cool	B．warm	C．hot	D．wet
44．A．most	B．more	C．many	D．much
45．A.200 billions of	B.200 billion of	C．billions of	D．billion of
46．A．how large	B．how far	C．how wide	D．how long
47．A．taking	B．to take	C．take	D．took
48．A．Mars	B．the sun	C．the earth	D．the solar system
49．A．enough far	B．far enough	C．enough close	D．close enough
50．A．with	B．without	C．by	D．on．

The earliest maps were probably drawn in the Middle East．Some of these maps have

（16）　　 and they show us the people at that time thought the earth flat （平的）．As time went by，the pictures became more detailed and maps were more（17）　　 made．Later on，ancient Greeks（希腊人） used their（18）　　 of math and science to make maps．Greek maps tell us the Greeks knew the world was（19）　　．

From simple pictures，mapmaking has turned into a science．Maps are made（20）　　surveying（勘测） land．In the 1900s，people around the world started to share information to make （21）　　 maps．With the help of the photographs taken from the sky and space，maps are now more exactly made than ever．（22）　　 the world is always changing，we will always need new maps．

There are many types of maps，but almost all use（23）　　 and pictures to describe what a place is like when the map is made．A map usually tells what the pictures（24）　　．Some maps may show the whole world．A road map will help you know the（25）　　 from one place to another．Other maps may use pictures to show the temperature and population in different places．

16．A．disappeared	B．survived	C．gone	D．left
17．A．slowly	B．simply	C．correctly	D．carelessly
18．A．knowledge	B．courage	C．energy	D．challenge
19．A．long	B．small	C．square	D．round
20．A．into	B．by	C．of	D．from
21．A．cleaner	B．lighter	C．better	D．older
22．A．Though	B．So	C．Unless	D．Since
23．A．sounds	B．models	C．words	D．stories
24．A．stand for	B．go for	C．ask for	D．wait for
25．A．weather	B．distance	C．feature	D．culture

My name is Tian Yong．I was born in a poor family on July 22，1996．My parents are（11） 　 : 　farmers in a small mountain village．In my family，there （12） 　　also my grandparents and my younger sister．（13） 　　life is not so easy for such a big family，we are still enjoying a happy life．with the help of many people，I became a student in a middle school．My teachers and classmates are very （14） 　　to me．I like my computer science teacher most，I learned a lot （15） 　　him．when I grow up，I want to become a teacher like him．I will try my best to help poor students．

11．A．both	B．all	C．either	D．none
12．A．is	B．are	C．was	D．were
13．A．So	B．Because	C．Since	D．Though
14．A．bad	B．nice	C．sad	D．well
15．A．at	B．to	C．from	D．with．

Teenagers must learn to stay safe while they are in school or at home．Self﹣protection is one of the most important （48） 　　for teenagers．

But how can we protect ourselves？Here are some of my suggestions．First，students in school should have an information card with us．The information includes the name，photo．（49） 　

　phone numbers，etc．There is also information about how to （50） 　　dangerous situations．The card is

made of a special kind of metal．It can't be destroyed if something dangerous （51） 　　．Second，we should be careful when we make friends．Don't keep it to yourself if you have made friends on line．You need to talk with your mother，father，or （52） 　　of them．Third，if we are in danger，we must cal the police for help in time （53） 　　we can keep ourselves safe．Also，we ought to eat healthily and safely．If we want to do any cooking at home，（54） 　　safety rules for the kitchen．Remember to close our doors and windows．It helps us to stay safe．Besides，we shouldn't crowd each other when we go upstairs or downstairs at school．What's more，summer is coming，we must remember it's dangerous to swim（ 55） 　　．

Other kinds of dangerous situations could happen，too．A fire，or we or our family may get sick or hurt．We should know how to call 119or 120，and tell them our （56） 　　and phone numbers．（57） 　　，everyone needs to learn how to protect ourselves and stay away from danger，especially for teenagers．

48．A．skills	B．skill	C．reason	D．reasons
49．A．a parent	B．parent	C．parents'	D．parents
50．A．catch up with	B．come up with	C．begin with	D．deal with
51．A．happen	B．happens	C．happened	D．will happen
52．A．neither	B．both	C．all	D．none
53．A．so that	B．even though	C．as soon as	D．in order to
54．A．Memorizing	B．To memorize	C．Memorize	D．memorized
55．A．alone	B．lonely	C．happily	D．slowly
56．A．homes	B．houses	C．family	D．addresses
57．A．First of all	B．In a word	C．However	D．Instead

If you are given only 1yuan，can you live in a city for one day？It may be a little difficult．But （16）　　 from Xi'an did it．

On April 10^th，more than 60students from the Middle School Attached to Northwestern Polytechnical University （17）　　 the One Yuan Metropolis Survival．The charity for teenagers called Imperceptible Education held this （18）　　．Students had to live and they had to deal with a lot of （19）　　 tasks．It has happened in eight cities and is going to four others，including Beijing，in May．

To（20）　　，many students looked for part﹣time jobs and saw how hard life was．Zhang Qiyue，14，asked more than 10restaurants for a job and （21）　　 got one chance．"We were sad when they said （22）　　．But slowly，we got used to it，"he said．After being a waiter for an hour，he （23）　　 25yuan．

Some made use of their talents （24）　　 singing and dancing in parks or shopping malls．Many people who walked by took notice and helped （25）　　．Zhao Jiacheng，14，drew pictures and made paper crafts （手工）．"This showed it's（26）　　to learn a special skill，"he said．

Living was hard，（27）　　finishing the tasks was not any easier．They went to different places to finish tasks in a （28）　　 time．The most amazing one was when they had to exchange things worth a hundred yuan with only a piece of paper in half an hour．"We learned （29）　___　 to persuade （说服） others．From a balloon to a cake to a bottle of yogurt…，after almost 20tries，we got an expensive necklace，"he said，"we would （30）　　 all of the money we had raised to poor schools in Tibet．"

16．A．teachers	B．students	C．workers	D．waiters
17．A．took a look at	B．took photos of	C．took care of	D．took part in
18．A．activity	B．party	C．celebration	D．festival
19．A．easy	B．hard	C．perfect	D．secret
20．A．make trouble	B．make paper	C．make money	D．make music
21．A．finally	B．quickly	C．recently	D．suddenly
22．A．hello	B．thanks	C．yes	D．no
23．A．borrowed	B．paid	C．got	D．spent
24．A．by	B．from	C．with	D．about
25．A．him	B．her	C．them	D．us
26．A．important	B．difficult	C．possible	D．interesting
27．A．or	B．if	C．as	D．but
28．A．long	B．short	C．right	D．wrong
29．A．where	B．why	C．how	D．when
30．A．show	B．bring	C．afford	D．gi ve．

It's reported that the 2015 Nobel Prizes have been announced on October 5th．Sweden's Nobel Prize committee（委员会）said the Nobel Prize for（1） 　　will go to scientists from Ireland，Japan and China．The prize for medicine is going to Chinese researcher Tu Youyou．She（2） 　　artemisinin（青蒿素）．Artemisinin is a drug that has greatly lowered the number of people who die from malaria（疟疾）．The committee said her greatest achievement is that the discovery of artemisinin has given the world new ways to fight（3） 　　two serious diseases．It is said those diseases influence millions of people every year．Ms．Tu is the chief professor at the China Academy（学院）of Traditonal Medicine．She is also the（4） 　　Chinese citizen to be awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine．Mr．Tu went through about 40 failures before she succeeded．But she never（5） 　　and always fought on．

1．A．physics	B．math	C．chemistry	D．medicine
2．A．discovered	B．found	C．called	D．invented
3．A．for	B．at	C．against	D．in
4．A．first	B．second	C．third	D．fourth
5．A．ate up	B．gave up	C．took up	D．made up．

September is the time for students to go back to school!For Chinese students，most schools start on the same day．We will share summer stories with the same classmates （61） 　

　the first﹣year students．But in US schools，students get ready for classes a little（62） 　　．

First of all，US schools don't all start on the same day．Classes begin any time between August and September．Every（63） 　　decides when to begin their classes．If summers are too（64） 　　then school will usually start a little later．

Every year we usually see the same teachers and classmates，but US students have some big changes．In US high schools，teachers divide（65） 　　 into different levels or focuses．Students can choose their favorite teachers and courses according to their abilities and（66） 　　 ．This means that every year students will（67） 　　 different classrooms for each class．They will meet（68） 　　 classmates and teachers in each one．Also，students will go to school a few days early to get their（69） 　　 so that they can know the classes every day．

For first year students，the first day of school also means they finally get their own lockers（储物箱）．Primary school students in the US have to share closets（储物柜） with their（70） 　

　．But once students make it to junior high they finally get one．

61．A．including	B．except	C．besides
62．A．early	B．late	C．differently
63．A．school	B．city	C．town
64．A．dry	B．cool	C．hot
65．A．students	B．classes	C．subjects
66．A．ages	B．interests	C．habits
67．A．see	B．enter	C．build
68．A．new	B．special	C．unfriendly
69．A．homework	B．books	C．schedule
70．A．classmates	B．teachers	C．owners．

Every day in newspapers and magazines there are articles telling us we should exercise more.

    And scientists now say that（1）　 　is one of the best way to keep fit.It can make you feel better and look better.Some say it can even make you live（2）　 　.

    All you need for naming，some comfortable clothes and a pair of sports shoes.You don't need to buy special clothes（3）　 　you should get a good pair of sports shoes.And remember一you should always buy shoes for running one size larger than your（4）　 　shoes.

    Some people find running boring，so，cycling or swimming instead once in a while.Also，you shouldn't exercise every day.It's very important to（5）　 　two or three times a week.You should eat well and drink lots of water but you can still have nice things like chocolate（6）　 　.Do some leg exercises every week as well，because this makes you stronger and helps you run better.

    If you're a beginner，there are lots of ways to make exercise fun.You can join a club or you can exercise with a friend.Another idea is to run in a race.This can give you a（n）（7）　 　to train and keep you interested in running.

（1）A.running	B.swimming	C.cycling
（2）A.long	B.longer	C.longest
（3）A.and	B.or	C.but
（4）A.usual	B.clean	C.different
（5）A.play	B.rest	C.work
（6）A.never	B.often	C.sometimes
（7）A.reason	B.excuse	C.method