Happy，Happy Chinese New Year by Demi Hitz
In a book that is itself a celebration， Demi explains the ideas behind the Chinese New Year festival．The last 15 days of the old year are spent cleaning and preparing （Wash your hair and get a new haircut．Pay the debts that you owe and collect what is owed to you!）．On the eve of the new moon，a special feast is prepared…The first 15 days of the New Year are spent celebrating with lion dances，firecrackers，and other activities．
Demi has long been interested in Eastern art and philosophy，which inspired her to create this book about the Chinese New Year celebration．She has written and illustrated more than 20 books for children，including The Empty Pot，Gandhi，and Kites：Magic Wishes that Fly Up to the Sky．
Chinese New Year for Kids by Cindy Roberts
Chinese New Year for Kids is a full color book with beautiful，Chinese illustrations．This is a hands﹣on workbook for parents and teachers，written for children from ages 3 to 12 years old，for use in the classroom or at home．Children will enjoy the Chinese New Year party ideas，dragon dances，lion dances，art projects，and Chinese games．
The art projects for Chinese New Year are designed to be easy，as well as inexpensive to reproduce for large groups．All the activities in this book have been tested in the classroom，with very successful results，and have caused lots of enthusiasm from children and teachers alike．Music，physical movement，art，and food all add to the ambiance of taking an imaginary trip to China during the Chinese New Year．
debt 债 owe 欠 feast 宴会 philosophy 哲学 illustrate 插图 design 设计 enthusiasm 热情 ambiance 气氛 |
（1）What is "Happy，Happy Chinese New Year"？
A． A book．
B． A celebration．
C． A festival．
（2）What do Chinese usually do before the New Year？
A． They usually have a big meal every day．
B． They are busy cleaning and preparing．
C． They are celebrating with activities．
（3）Who will most likely read the books by Demi？
A． Children from western countries．
B． Students from China．
C． Indian Children．
（4）What will the readers most probably do after reading "Chinese New Year for Kids"？
A． They will join to write more books about China．
B． They will have a strong wish to visit China during Chinese New Year．
C． They will enjoy the Chinese New Year party ideas，dragon and lion dances．
A British man has learned the skills needed to perform Beijing Opera， making the audience （观众） enjoy his lively performance of the Monkey King．
Ghaffar Pourazar， born in Iran， said he has been a big fan of Bruce Lee since he was a child and is full of interest about China． In 1993， he happened to watch Beijing Opera performed in London by professionals from Jingju Theatre Company of Beijing． Ghaffar said he fell in love with the beautiful voices， colorful costumes， excellent shows and so on． So after one year， he arrived in China alone and became a student of Beijing Opera at a Beijing school．
At the age of 32， he had to learn with teenage students every day， starting from the most basic training of the legs and waist． At the time， he was mostly troubled by the dialogue in Beijing Opera． To him， it was the biggest obstacle． But he never gave up．
Four years later， he began to learn to perform the Monkey King， a traditional character from the Chinese classic story Journey to the West． He said he arrived in the workroom an hour earlier than other performers and also bought books and CDs to better understand the character．
Ghaffar today is not only good a speaking Beijing dialect （方言） but has also built a fame for Beijing Opera． He once got a top international prize for performing the Monkey King．
To help more people enjoy Beijing Opera， Ghaffar often teaches the traditional art form in schools in the United States， Britain and other countries． When he found that the language was difficult to understand， he started to translate Beijing Opera song lyrics． Ghaffar led a group of actors to perform 66 times in a month and a half in the United States． He also led a 48﹣member team to perform in Malaysia． In the past 10 years， he has performed in more than 400 shows．
（1）In the year of 1994， Ghaffar began to ．
A． make friends with Bruce Lee
B． take an interest in China
C． learn Beijing Opera in Beijing
D． act the part of the Monkey King
（2）The underlined word "obstacle" in Paragraph 3 probably means " "．
A． chance
B． problem
C． topic
D． dream
（3）It can be inferred from the passage that Ghaffar ．
A． is successful in performing Beijing Opera
B． has written some books about Beijing Opera
C． got a prize for translating Journey to the West
D． doesn't need any more members in his team
（4）The passage is most probably from the part of in a newspaper．
A． sports
B． business
C． culture
D． education
In the park，you see a group of people，all looking up at the sky． Without thinking about it， you look upwards， too． Why？ In the concert，someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in． You do， too． Why？
Sometimes we feel we are acting correctly when we do the same as others． The more people follow an idea， the better or truer we think the idea is． It's the social proof （社会认同感）that works．
The scientist Asch carried out an experiment． It shows how social proof can influence us． In a room， a man is shown Line 1，and next to it are three lines （A，B，C）． A is longer，C is shorter and B is as long as Line 1． He must tell which of the three lines is as long as Line 1． When the man is alone，he gives the correct answer B． Then， five other men enter the room， and each of them gives the answer C as they were told to． Now the man changes his idea and gives the answer C． Asch got the same result many times among different subjects （实验对象）．
Why do we act like this？Well，in the past， following others was a way to keep from danger．Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打猎） with friends．Suddenly，they all ran away．What would you have done？ Would you have stayed？ No，you would have run，too．We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others' action． It is so deeply planted in our mind that we still use it now．
Social proof has special power．The advertising industry，for example，often makes use of it．So be careful whenever a company says its product is "the most popular"．
（1）At the beginning of the passage， the writer leads in the topic by ．
A．telling a story
B．giving examples
C．answering questions
D．showing a map
（2）According to Paragraph 3， the experiment by Asch shows ．
A．following others is always right
B．social proof may change people's ideas
C．it's difficult to carry out the experiment
D．people can study better if they are alone
（3）The underlined word "It" in Paragraph 4 refers to ．
A．running with others
B．hunting with friends
C．copying others' action
D．doing something different
（4）According to the passage，we can infer （推断）that ．
A．it's important to run with others anytime
B．products in the advertisement are the best
C．we mustn't copy others' action to keep safe
D．we need to think twice before following others
The United Kingdom，officially known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland，is a state located at north﹣west Europe．The United Kingdom has four countries：England，Scotland，Wales and Northern Ireland．
It is one of the most powerful，and richest countries in the world．It is an amazing piece of land that is rich in history and facts，some of which are yet to be discovered．From the natural beauty to the people，technological advancement（科技进步）and sports，no one can ever have enough of the UK．To learn more about the country，you should read the facts below．
The English drink the most tea in the world．They drink over 163 million cups of tea daily，about 20 times the number of cups drunk by Americans．
Although Britain has been involved in many wars lasting for many years，it has also been involved in the shortest war．The Anglo﹣Zanzibar War fought in 1896 lasted only 45 minutes，just the time for a class．
The UK has the highest rate（比率）of being very fat in the world．Almost 25% of the British duets are very fat．
The UK has the third﹣highest rate of heart disease in Europe．It ranks（排位）just below Ireland and Finland．
Of all countries that celebrate Independence Day，58 are independent of the UK，the highest by any country．
Almost 25% of all women in the UK were named Mary in 1811．
According to history，the London Bridge had indeed fallen down according to the old rhyme，when the Saxons had tom it down using ropes and boats．The Thames has over 200 bridges and tunnels along its course．
（1）The first paragraph introduces the of the UK．
A．people
B．countries
C．weather
（2）What do the English drink the most？
A．Coffee．
B．Cola．
C．Tea．
（3）When did the Anglo﹣Zanzibar War happen？
A．In 1896．
B．In 1811．
C．In 1800．
（4）What did the writer use most to tell the truth？
A．Stories．
B．Examples．
C．Numbers．
（5）What can be the best title of the passage？
A．The Culture of the UK．
B．The Fun Facts of the UK．
C．The Science of the UK．
Do you know the Tantou New Year Picture？ It's a famous traditional art form in Shaoyang． It is used for the Spring Festival．
The Tantou New Year Picture appeared in the Tang Dynasty first． And it has a long history ﹣ more than 1，300 years． Since the end of the Ming Dynasty， the Tantou New Year Picture has got its special features（特点）一 bright colors， old and exaggerated images（夸张的图象）， ordinary materials and special skills． There are more than 20 steps to make the Tantou New Year Picture． All these steps， from making paper by hand to producing the New Year Picture， are finished in one place． This is not usual in our country．
In 1994， the Tantou New Year Picture won the silver medal at the folk arts fair． However， fewer people know the skill well now and most young people are not interested in it． The Tantou New Year Picture is in danger of disappearing in the world． Luckily， the government has taken action to protect and save it．
Tantou New Year Picture
History |
It appeared in the Tang Dynasty and has a long history ﹣ more than （1）___ years． |
（2） |
♦Bright colors ♦Old and exaggerated images ♦Ordinary materials and special skills |
Producing steps |
There are more than 20 steps to make the Tantou New Year Picture， and finishing all these steps in one place in a country is （3） ． |
Prize |
It won the （4） medal at the folk arts fair in 1994． |
Situation |
The Tantou New Year Picture is in danger of disappearing， but the government has taken action to（5） it． |
China and Western countries have something different in cultures about certain animals， but when it comes to pigs． we have the same idea﹣ pigs are ugly， lazy and stupid．
Just look at some Chinese sayings such as"Boiling a dead pig"and"A pig looking in the mirror is still a pig． "And in English， there are some expressions like"Eating like a pig"and"Pigs might fly． " None of them are complimentary．
However， pigs have some good qualities （ 品质）． They are even as smart as dogs and elephants． They have good memories． And they know whether people treat them well or not．
A UK cartoon ，Peppa Pig is a most popular cartoon． The four members in the pig family teach children from all around the world about love， friendship and the value of family． And a Chinese cartoon film， the Adventures of Me Dull， is also very famous． In the cartoon， the little pig， Mc Dull， has a beart of gold and always works hard towards his dreams． Most people want quick success， but Me Dull is slow and patient， and not afraid of failing again and again．
Maybe when we talk about pigs next time， we should think of their good qualities．
（1）China and western countries have in cultures according to the passage．
A．the same idea towards pigs
B．different ideas towards pigs
C． the same idea towards all the animals
（2）What does the underlined word"complimentary"mean in Chinese？
A．固执的
B．赞美的
C．负面的
（3）From the third paragraph， we can learn that ．
A．pigs have bad memories
B． pigs don't know who treats them well
C．pigs are as clever as dogs and elephants
（4）The writer gives the two examples of cartoons in the passage to show ．
A．pigs have good qualities
B． the two cartoons are well﹣known
C． both Chinese and English children like pigs
（5）What's the best title of the passage？
A．Opinions on Pigs
B． Opinions on Animals
C．Opinions on Cartoons
New Year's Eve
New Years Eve， also called Old Year's Night， is celebrated on December 31st， the final day of the year． It is celebrated all over the world with parties and social gathering with usually a lot of fireworks and noise．
In the United States of America， New York is the place where this celebration is associated with． People gather in the Times Square just before midnight in the last minute of the countdown to see the "ball dropping"．
The celebration is also associated with parties in other parts of the world． In France， for instance， the celebration is called le Reveillon． Special food is prepared accompanied with champagne． People also go to the Eiffel Tower in Paris to see fireworks display． In Japan， people traditionally clean their home． Buddhist temple bells are rung 108 times at midnight． In Brazil， the beach of Copacabana is considered by many to be the place of the most beautiful fireworks show in the world．
On New Year's Eve， people commit themselves with resolutions． These are made reform a habit and should go into effect and remain until fulfillment．
（1）When is New Year's Eve celebrated？
A． On December 30th．
B． On January 1st．
C． On December 31st．
（2）What is le Reveillon？
A． A kind of celebration．
B． A kind of food．
C． A kind of display．
（3）How many countries are mentioned in the passage to celebrate New Year's Eve？
A． Three．
B． Four．
C． Five．
（4）In the last paragraph， "These" refers to " "．
A． People
B． Resolutions
C． Habits
I wish there would be a way to describe China in a simple word but that's impossible．
▲（1） In my English classes when the students were asked what they would do if they only had a few hours to live， most students told me they would spend their last few hours with their families and parents．
▲（2） I teach in Xiangyang， a beautiful city which the Hanjiang River goes across it and I live here better． The foods are cheaper than those in the US， so are clothing and articles（物品） of everyday us． People pay less for the public transportation， too．
▲（3） However， it is reported that still there are a few children who can't afford the expenses（费用） of schooling． But the government organized Project Hope many years ago． It creates conditions for the poor children to go back to school．
▲（4） I seldom saw the things mentioned of the creative（有创造力的） changes China has made． But the economic miracles（经济奇迹） have the big problems．
▲（5） To be honest， if I compare China with the US， my answer has always been the same： "We are not worse or better than each other； we are only different． "
A． It's a tradition to value education in China． B． I realize that family is everything in China． C． I am often asked which country I consider better． D． You'll not know China unless you go closer to it． E． I was used to reading the news of China in the US． F． The cost of living here isn't as high as that in the US． |
Look around when you're on a subway． What is the most popular time﹣killing（消磨时间的） activity？ In China， most people play on their smart phone． While in other countries． people often enjoy reading．
On average（平均），each Chinese person read less than eight books in 2018， according to a recent survey from the Chinese Academy of Press and Publication． But Chinese people①/spend/ an average of 26 minutes on WeChat Reading every day．
②在许多西方国家，人们在任何时间都会阅读．Even backpackers（背包客） enjoy reading books when they are having a break at the beach or relaxing from a hike． Reading books builds a bridge③/bɪˈtwiːn/ our lives and the unknown world．
Many hotels abroad also offer book﹣exchanges for visitors． Simply drop off your finished books and take those ones that other people left behind．
In most US middle schools， teachers give students a reading list every few weeks． ④Most books are easy to read，so students won't lose their confidence of reading．
Good reading habits lead you to a lifelong love of books．In order to encourage people to read more． China is planning to foster（培养） the habits of reading in its law， Although this has both good and bad sides，⑤ ．
（1）填写单词：根据文中①、③两处音标填写单词．
①/spend/ ③/ bɪˈtwiːn/
（2）将文中②处划线句子翻译成英语：
（3）将文中④处划线句子翻译成汉语：
（4）补全短文：从下面四个选项中，选出能填入文中⑤处划线部分的最佳选项．
A． it can be seenas a way to foster one's interest
B． it can be seen as a way to build somebody up
C． it can be seen as a way to develop one's reading habits
D． it can be seen as a way to improve one's writing ability
（5）What's the purpose of having good reading habits according to the passage？
Thousands of years ago， people had to hunt for food． They lived in caves and needed fire to keep warm．（1） ．
We don't know why they drew the pictures． They had to go deep into the cave to do it ， so they must have had a plan． They probably took a fire made of fat with them．（2） ． Others think the spears（长矛） in the pictures mean they were teaching other people to hunt．
For paint，they mixed animal fat with some different things such as dirt or berries（浆果）．（3） Some of the drawings are colorful and others are black from the burned end of a stick．
These people drew what they saw around them﹣animals such as buffalo， deer， horse， and sometimes birds and fish（4） ．
The pictures are quite good． The buffalo look strong and powerful． Many of the horses and deer look beautiful．
These drawings have been found in more than 130 caves ﹣﹣﹣﹣mostly in England and France（5） ． It is interesting to look at such old drawings．
A． They drew people ， but no very often． B． Maybe there are more that we haven't found yet． C． Some of them drew pictures on the walls of their caves． D． They used sticks to brush the paint onto walls on the cave． E． Maybe they drew the pictures to bring good luck when they hunted． |
In the eyes of many foreigners，Chinese are the best hosts and the worst guests in the world．And western hosts sometimes look rude（粗鲁的）in the eyes of Chinese guests．It is because the guest﹣host relationship in China is quite different from that in some western countries．
In China，guests are almost like gods．Whenever I enter a Chinese friend's home，there is always fruit on the table for me，and someone is quick to bring me a cup of tea or water．In the west，generally the guest is not a god．Acting according to the host's way of doing things is usual behavior for a guest．
My wife's mother，a very kind Chinese lady，doesn't smoke．When I see some of her guests smoking in her house，as a non﹣smoker，I feel unhappy．Usually，I want to stop them directly，but I must realize that in China，to be a good host，she must not do that．
In most North American homes，if you are a guest，and the hosts are not smokers，you should not smoke in their house．At the very least，you should ask，"Is it OK if I smoke？"But don't be surprised if they say，"No，you can't smoke．"In my culture，if you smoke in their house，you are a bad guest，but if they don't allow you to smoke in their house，they are not rude hosts．
In a word，no matter where you are，the best way to be a good guest is to adapt to（适应）the habits of your hosts．
（1）When a western guest visits a Chinese family，he often ．
A．buys some fruit
B．brings a cup of tea
C． smokes
D． feels like a god
（2）What will the writer probably say if a guest wants to smoke in his house？
A． Let's smoke together．
B． Sorry， you can't smoke here．
C． Smoking is a bad habit．
D． It's OK if you smoke here．
（3）What can be learned from the passage？
A．A friend in need is a friend indeed．
B．Where there is a will，there is a way．
C．When in Rome，do as the Romans do．
D．Actions speak louder than words．
（4）What is the best title of the passage？
A．The Best Hosts
B．The Best Guests
C．Different Cultures in Different Countries
D．Different Guest﹣host Relationships in Different Cultures
People in different countries speak different languages． But is there a language that can be understood by everyone in the world？ Emojis might be the first truly universal（通用的） language．
Emojis are a kind of special language． Pictures are used to put meaning across． A group called the Unicode Consortium is in charge of choosing official（官方的）emojis It has added new emojis every year since 2014． These new emojis do not come out of nowhere． They come from what people think about， like and care about．
Emojis can be used to represent （代表） different groups of people． In 2015， emoji faces with different skin tones（肤色） were added． In 2016， different jobs were added，such as doctor， police officer and painter along with female versions of these jobs． This year， emojis of disabled people were added， including emojis of blind people and people in wheel chairs．
But there is also more to emojis． They can also refer to pop culture and new cultural trends．New emojis in 2019 have included several animals， such as sloths（树懒） and flamingos（火烈鸟）． These animals are not very common， but are known to many people． For example， sloths have become popular thanks to the 2016 film Zootopia（《疯狂动物城》）． Many fashion designers have included flamingos in their designs in recent years． This animal makes people feel like they' re on a tropical（热带） vacation．
It seems that emojis are a mirror of the world we live in．It will be interesting to see how they change and grow in the years to come．
根据短文内容，完成下列任务．
（1）Emojis are a special language using the to put meaning across．（仅填1个词）
（2）Where do new emojis come from？（回答不超过9个词）
（3）When did emojis begin to show different jobs？（回答不超过2个词）
（4）What kind of animals have been included in2019？（回答不超过6个词）
（5）将画线句子翻译成汉语．
Every night in Jinan University in Guangzhou，a group of students plays diabolo （空竹） as a crowd watches on in amazement．
Chen Zhelun，25， a Malaysian﹣Chinese started the diabolo club， which helps to increase the popularity of this traditional Chinese game． He is one of many students expressing their interest in the country's cultural heritage（遗产）by starting clubs．
The diabolo， which came from China， is popular among Chinese living in Malaysia．
"We played diabolo from primary school onward． I thought I could find someone to play with in China， but only a few students knew about it． So I started a club to develop it，"says Chen．
To Chen's surprise， the old game has interested a huge crowd﹣ more than 1，000 students have joined the club．
"It keeps your body strong and it's fun，" says Chen．
But some prefer quieter activities． Every weekend， one classroom in Shenzhen University is always crowded， but it's unusually silent． The members of Lanting Calligraphy Club are writing Chinese characters with traditional brushes．
Fan Dongling， 21， a student in Shenzhen University， says it's a shame that young people no longer enjoy the beauty of Chinese characters．
Although her club is quiet， Fan says it keeps members healthy， mentally and physically．
"Some students think traditional things are outdated． They like celebrating Western festivals like Christmas or Valentine's Day， but they seldom pay attention to traditional ones， "says Kong Yanquan， 21，a student in Guangxi University．
As head of the traditional Chinese local operas club， Kong plans to put modern elements （元素）into traditional culture to get students to join his club．
"I think it's everyone's duty to save and develop China's traditional culture among young people，" he says．
（1）The passage is organized by giving three ．
A．examples
B．tasks
C．lessons
D．speeches
（2）The underlined word "It" in Paragraph 6 refers to（指代） ．
A． watching diabolo shows
B． playing diabolo
C． talking about old games
D． going to primary school
（3）It can be learned from the passage that Fan Dongling ．
A． comes from Malaysia
B． is good at local operas
C． loves quiet activities
D． is interested in sports
（4）Kong Yanquan advises young people to ．
A． practice writing Chinese characters
B． celebrate Western festivals
C． pay attention to traditional culture
D． make friends with the elders
The word culture includes not only the customs of our society， its art， music， but also everyday activities． Cultures give us a sense of belonging in society． So the losing of one's culture is， for many， alarming． Many people believe their traditional ways of life are under threat （威胁）and that something should be done． Yet for some， the losing of culture is a natural result of globalization （全球化）and progress． So is the globalization of culture a threat or a chance？
Those who see globalization as a threat argue that societies are losing special parts of their cultures． For example， Omotik ， a language spoken in east Africa， has only 50 live speakers． There are also increasing fears in China， where the losing of musical and dance traditions， as well as traditional crafts， is causing concern to many． Some argue that it is hard to find differences between London and Tokyo． Young people， whose ideas are often influenced by Western or other popular cultures， often refuse or even give up the traditions their parents grew up with．
Others focus on the advantages of globalization． They accept that Western culture is spreading， but they also point to how Western countries and many other parts of the world are being shown to world cultures． Young Americans enjoy Japanese comic magazines and watch Korean movies． Thai teenagers enjoy pop music from Hong Kong． Many argue that there are advantages to these cross﹣cultural exchanges and that they lead to better understandings between cultures． They say world traditions are celebrated more widely because of these． Chinese New Year， now celebrated in most big cities around the world， is just one of the many festivals that are accepted internationally．
Anyway， many grass﹣roots organizations and governments are making efforts（努力）to protect their cultures． One successful example is Wales． There was a time when social pressures were killing off the Welsh language， but after years of efforts， it is now an active part of Welsh life again． Around the world， similar efforts are going on．
（1）Which of the following is an OPINION according to the passage？
A． Omotik is a language spoken in East Africa．
B． Young Americans enjoy Japanese comic magazines．
C． The globalization of cultures is a chance to traditional ones．
D． Chinese New Year is now celebrated in most big cities around the world．
（2）The underlined word "concern" in Paragraph 2 probably means " "．
A． worries
B． changes
C． differences
D． problems
（3）What does the underlined word "these" in Paragraph 3 refer to？
A． Advantages．
B． World traditions．
C． Cross﹣cultural exchanges．
D． Better understandings．
（4）Which of the following might be the best title for the passage？
A． Culture Changes
B． Threats to Culture
C． Culture protection
D． Exchanges of Cultures
Every night in Jinan University in Guangzhou，a group of students plays diabolo （空竹） as a crowd watches on in amazement．
Chen Zhelun，25， a Malaysian﹣Chinese started the diabolo club， which helps to increase the popularity of this traditional Chinese game． He is one of many students expressing their interest in the country's cultural heritage（遗产）by starting clubs．
The diabolo， which came from China， is popular among Chinese living in Malaysia．
"We played diabolo from primary school onward． I thought I could find someone to play with in China， but only a few students knew about it． So I started a club to develop it，"says Chen．
To Chen's surprise， the old game has interested a huge crowd﹣ more than 1，000 students have joined the club．
"It keeps your body strong and it's fun，" says Chen．
But some prefer quieter activities． Every weekend， one classroom in Shenzhen University is always crowded， but it's unusually silent． The members of Lanting Calligraphy Club are writing Chinese characters with traditional brushes．
Fan Dongling， 21， a student in Shenzhen University， says it's a shame that young people no longer enjoy the beauty of Chinese characters．
Although her club is quiet， Fan says it keeps members healthy， mentally and physically．
"Some students think traditional things are outdated． They like celebrating Western festivals like Christmas or Valentine's Day， but they seldom pay attention to traditional ones， "says Kong Yanquan， 21，a student in Guangxi University．
As head of the traditional Chinese local operas club， Kong plans to put modern elements （元素）into traditional culture to get students to join his club．
"I think it's everyone's duty to save and develop China's traditional culture among young people，" he says．
（1）The passage is organized by giving three ．
A．examples
B．tasks
C．lessons
D．speeches
（2）The underlined word "It" in Paragraph 6 refers to（指代） ．
A． watching diabolo shows
B． playing diabolo
C． talking about old games
D． going to primary school
（3）It can be learned from the passage that Fan Dongling ．
A． comes from Malaysia
B． is good at local operas
C． loves quiet activities
D． is interested in sports
（4）Kong Yanquan advises young people to ．
A． practice writing Chinese characters
B． celebrate Western festivals
C． pay attention to traditional culture
D． make friends with the elders
试题篮
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