You see people in movies celebrating a white Christmas in England or the United States．But Christmas in Australian is different．
The holiday，celebrated on Dec 25，comes at the hottest time of the year in Australia．The temperature is usually about 30°C in most cities and can even be over 40°C．There is certainly no white Christmas in Australia．
Because it is so hot，the tradition is to have a lunch outside and to swim in the pool or beach．Most people have a one﹣week holiday during this time，so they will travel to meet their family for Christmas lunch．Christmas lunch is usually a big meal of ham，turkey，salad and fresh seafood． （43）Family members all cook something different to bring to the big meal． I always enjoy Christmas lunch because there are lots of good cooks in the family．One year my aunt even made a delicious gingerbread house（姜饼屋） that we ate for desert．
Children get presents from"Santa Claus"and are always excited to play with them． （44）It is a fun time to play or swim in the pool with the other members of your family．
The sport of cricket（板球） is very popular in Australia and another tradition is to play a game of cricket in your backyard．I always enjoyed playing with my uncle and cousins when I was growing up．
So Australia might not have a white Christmas．But it is still a very exciting and fun time of the year．
请务必将41﹣45小题的答案写在答题卡的相应位置！
（一） 根据短文内容简要回答问题．
41．Why is there no white Christmas in Australia？
42．What sports are mentioned in this passage？
（二）将短文中划线的句子译成汉语．
43．
44．
（三）请给短文拟一个适当的题目．
45． ．
As we know，there are differences between Western culture and Chinese culture． （56） ．Let's look at some words about animals and plants．Most expressions in Chinese about the dog，for example，"a homeless dog"，"a mad dog"，"A running dog"and"A dog catching a mouse"，have bad meanings． （57） ，In English，people use the dog to describe good actions．For example，"you are A lucky dog"means you are A lucky person．And"every dog has its day"means each person has good luck sometimes．To describe a person's serious illness，they say"sick as a dog"．The word"dog﹣tired"means very tired． （58） ．But in Western culture，"cat"is often used to describe a woman who is unkind．There are many other examples of how"cat"is used to describe a woman who is unkind．There are many other examples of how"cat"is used differently as well．
（59） People think the rose stands for love，peace，courage and friendship．And the rose is the national flower of England，America and many other countries．
（60） We can learn about many differences in cultures by comparing how some words are used．
A．However，Chinese love cats very much
B．The words about plants and animals are used in good or bad ways in different cultures
C．We can see differences when we pay attention to the way words are used
D．However，westerners love cats very much
E．We can see similarities when we pay attention to the way words are used
F．The rose is regarded as a symbol of love in both China and some Western countries
G．But in Western countries，dogs are considered to be honest and good friends of humans．
根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处打最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项．
How important is music？ Many people usually think that listening to music is nice but not very important． It is often considered only as fun， but not the first choice for education． This opinion is wrong． （52）
（53） Music shows people's thinking and ideas， and the social environment it came from． just as Mozart music is a lifestyle， rock music is also a lifestyle． George Gershwin's music is another example． He introduced jazz style into his music．
（54） Science explains how the sun rises and sets． Music studies the emotive（情感的） meanings． Such as sadness and happiness． People need every possible way to learn about our world．
Music shows people's thought． It is a special language． We can "talk" to each other and exchange our thoughts， ideas and hopes． All of these can be shared with others． When we do not let our children receive a good music education， we take them away from the meaning s that music expresses． Our children are lacking in a wonderful part in their lives． （55） ．
A．Music makes our lives colorful
B．So music education is necessary for all students
C． Music tells us who we are．
D． In fact， music education is necessary and important for all students．
E． Music provides a kind of ability to know the world in a different way．
Many years ago，a French naturalist，Comte de Buffon，wrote some books about natural history．The books were a great success even though some critics（批评家）did not like them．
Thomas Jefferson did not like what Comte de Buffon had said about the natural wonders（奇观）of the New World．It seemed to Jefferson that Comte de Buffon had spoken of natural wonders in America as if（好像）they were unimportant．
This troubled Thomas Jefferson．He was also a naturalist，as well as a farmer，an inventor，a historian，a writer and a politician（政治家）．He had seen the natural wonders of Europe．To him，they were no more important than those of the New World．
In 1788，Thomas Jefferson wrote about his home state，Virginia．While writing，he thought of its natural beauty and then of the words of Comte de Buffon．At that moment，Jefferson created a new word﹣belittle．He said，"Comte de Buffon believes that nature belittles her productions on this side of the Atlantic（大西洋）．"
Noah Webster，the American word expert，liked this word．He put it in the English language dictionary in 1806，"Belittle﹣to make small，unimportant．"
Americans had already accepted Jefferson's word and started to use it．In 1797，the Independent Chronicle（独立纪事报）used the word to describe a politician the paper supported．"It is an honorable man，"the paper wrote，"so let the opposition try to belittle him as much as they please．"
In 1872，a famous American word expert decided that the time had come to kill this word．He said，"Belittle shouldn't become English．And more critical writers of America，like those of Britain，feel no need of it．"
This expert failed to kill the word．Today，belittle is used where the English language is spoken．
53．Thomas Jefferson was NOT a ．
A．naturalist B．historian C．politician D．musician
54．We can infer（推断）that Jefferson created the word"belittle"out of his ．
A．anger B．excitement C．kindness D．responsibility
55．What can we know about the word"belittle"from the passage？
A．It has already disappeared from the English language．
B．It had been used before it was put in the English language dictionary．
C．It is used to describe natural wonders now．
D．An American politician decided to kill this word in 1872．
56．What's the passage mainly about？
A．How the word"belittle"came into being．
B．The argument about natural wonders．
C．Every word has a long history behind．
D．Noah Webster supported Jefferson's idea．
阅读下面短文，按要求完成各项任务．
Everywhere in the world there are different ways of behaving．When we meet someone，everything we say and do expresses our cultural background．So if you want to get on with someone from another culture，it helps to understand something about these differences．
Even how we stand depends on our culture．English people talk to each other at an average （平均
的） distance of 130 cm，while Italians chat at an average distance of 80 cm．So Italians can think that
English people are unfriendly because they stand too far away!And English people can think that Italians
are too close．
Touching is also cultural．The French touch much more than Americans．A French couple may touch 100
times in half an hour while an American couple may only touch twice!And French teenagers touch each other much more than American teens．
任务一请将划线句子 When we meet someone，everything we say and do expresses our cultural background翻译成汉语．
任务二请根据短文内容回答问题．
1．In which country should you arrive on time for a meal？
2．What do French people do when they eat out？
任务三请根据短文内容，完成下面的句子．
According to the passage，Italians stand （51） than English people．American teens touch（52） than French teenagers．
Do you like drinking coffee？If you are polite when ordering in a cafe（咖啡馆）in America，you may get a reward（奖励）．（1） The shop offers rewards to those who mind their manners．There is a sign outside the shop．It says different prices for a cup of coffee depending on how polite the customer is．（2） They include："Small coffee"at 5 dollars，"Small coffee，please"at 3 dollars and"Hello，one small coffee，please"at 1.75 dollars．（3） A cafe called Petite Syrah in France also encourages customers to have good manners with different prices．（4） ．
The manager of Petite Syrah said of the reason，"（5） "And he added，"I know people may say that our service can be impolite，but it is also true that customers can be impolite when they are busy．"
The American cafe is copying the French cafe because it has been a success in changing customers'behavior （行为）．The manager of Petite Syrah says that he has been a great difference in his customers'behavior since the sign was put up．
根据短文内容，从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整正确．
A．This isn't the first time that a coffee shop has tried to teach customers a lesson． B．At lunchtime people would come under great stress and were sometimes impolite to us when they ordered a coffee． C．The cafe in America has tried to encourage customers to be more polite in a new way． D．The French cafe is copying the American cafe so that it can change customers'behavior． E．The prices are listed with the typical expression customers might use when they are ordering． F．Customers need to pay 5.96 pounds for"A coffee"，but 3.62 pounds for"A coffee，please"． |
Tea culture is varied in different countries by the way tea is made and drunk， and by the places for tea drinking． How to make tea may be different． According to the ways of making tea， tea is classified （分类） into white tea， green tea，black tea， etc． And how to prepare tea may be different， too． In Tibet， tea is commonly boiled （煮） with salt and butter （黄油）． People may drink tea at home or in public， for example， at tea houses．
As part of culture， tea has a relationship with history， health， education， communication and so on． It is commonly used at social activities． For example， afternoon tea is a British custom． Families or friends can communicate with each other while having afternoon tea．
Tea has remained a way of daily life in China and drinking tea has a lot of advantages． It makes people less tired， clears heat in the human body and helps people lose weight．
Chinese people are good at using tea to make other things delicious． Tea， originally （最初） served as a medicine in ancient times， is now not just a kind of drink， but also excellent seasoning （调味品）． Here are two delicious dishes made with tea：
Tea Eggs： You can find them cooked and sold in street markets in almost every city in China．
Dragon Well Tea Shrimp （龙井虾仁）： It's one of the most well﹣known dishes in Hangzhou．
Before you drink tea， please check the following tips：
◆Drink tea hot．
◆The best time to drink is in between meals． It is bad for your stomach if you drink tea just before meals， during meals or soon after meals．
◆Do not drink too much strong tea．
（1）Tea has no relationship with as part of culture according to the passage．
A． history
B． health
C． education
D． sports
（2）Afternoon tea in Britain is a according to the passage．
A． way of communication
B． hobby
C． game
D． weekend activity
（3）In ancient China， tea was originally served as according to the passage．
A． a medicine
B． a drink
C． seasoning
D． a dish
（4）The best time to drink tea is according to the passage．
A． just before meals
B． during meals
C． soon after meals
D． in between meals
（5）The passage doesn't mention ．
A． ways of making tea
B． places to drink tea
C． tools for drinking tea
D． advantages of drinking tea
Tea is an important part of Chinese tradition．Tea has very close relationship to Chinese culture．
It is said that Chinese tea was discovered by King Shen Nong．People say that he lived 5，000 years ago．One summer day，while he was visiting a faraway part of his country，he felt very thirsty．The servants began to make water hot enough to turn into gas for him to drink．Dried leaves from a near plant fell into the water．The king drank some，and found it could make him feel less tried．Also as a scientist，Shen Nong was interested in the new drink．And so，tea was created in 2737 BC．
Drinking tea has many advantages．It makes people feel less tired，clears heat inside the human body and helps people lose weight．As you add a cup of tea to your daily life，please check the following helpful advice．
l Drink it hot．Tea oxidizes（氧化） quickly，so it is suggested that you drink it hot．
l Do not drink too much strong tea．It will probably be harmful to your stomach and make you feel sick if you make the tea too strong．
l The best time to drink tea is between meals．It may not make you have a strong wish to eat when your stomach is full．
l Do not drink with medicine．It may change the medical result．You can drink tea two hours after you take medicine．
l Green tea is the best choice for office workers．Why？Because green tea helps stop the bad result of the computer．
36．Paragraph 2 is mainly about ．
A．when King Shen Nong lived
B．where Chinese tea was created
C．How Chinese tea was discovered
D．why King Shen Nong drank tea
37．Drinking tea has lots of advantages EXCEPT ．
A．help you lose weight
B．letting you feel less tired
C．having a strong wish for food
D．clearing heat inside your body
38．Mr．Smith is a computer teacher．He'd better drink ．
A．Green tea
B．black tea
C．strong tea
D．coffee with milk
39．What can we infer（推断） from the passage？
A．Don't drink too much strong tea．
B．Not all office workers drink green tea
C．Tea is connected with Chinese culture closely．
D．King Shen Nong loved creating new things
40．The passage is mainly written to ．
A．let us know tea was discovered
B．give some advice drinking tea
C．tell people the history of tea
D．advise people to drink green tea．
On the fourth Sunday of every November，most Americans get together around the dinner table to celebrate Thanksgiving．Special traditions in the US have been around for many years．（1） These are four popular Thanksgiving traditions and how they started．
（2） The first Thanksgiving meal was in the autumn of 1621 when the first travelers from England celebrated their first harvest （收获）．But it wasn't made into an official （官方的）holiday until 1863．The first large meal had turkey，fruits and vegetables，which are still common today．
（3） Historians say the first travelers invited Native Americans （美洲印第安人）to the meal to thank them for teaching them how to grow food．Today at the large meal，friends and family will also say what they are most thankful for．
（4） The parade （游行）includes very large balloons that look like cartoon characters and beautiful floats （花车）that carry famous people．There are also many musical performances to watch．This parade started in 1924，and today over 44 million people watch it on TV or in New York City．
（5） People started to watch football on Thanksgiving a few years after the day
became an official holiday．Today，the National Football League takes advantage of this popularity and hosts three NFL games every Thanksgiving．
根据短文内容，从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整正确．
A．Giving thanks is what the holiday is all about．
B．American football is something people both watch and play with their family on Turkey Day．
C．However，some people don't always stop to think about where the traditions came from．
D．Here is one way to make turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner．
E．A large meal is the important event every Thanksgiving．
F．Every year，there is a Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade in New York City．
Americans like to have different kinds of parties such as birthday parties，surprise parties，tea parties and house﹣warming parties．Pajama（睡衣）parties are one of the most popular kinds of parties in the US．At a pajama party，a group of friends spend the night at a person's house．It is a great way for children or teenagers to get together and have a good time．
To hold a pajama party，the host（东道主）will usually plan some fun activities such as watching movies and playing board games and video games．He or she should also prepare some delicious snacks and fun food like pizza．Guests at a pajama party should bring their own pajamas，toothbrushes，pillows and blankets （枕头和毯子）．But if they forget something，they don't need to worry because the host will give them what they need．
If a pajama party is mainly for fun，a prom is no doubt a very important thing in most American schools．A prom is a formal（正式的）dance party that is held at a high school．The party is usually held near the end of the senior year，the last year of high school，so it is often called graduation（毕业）dance．Students are supposed to wear formal clothes at the prom．A Prom Queen and a Prom King may also be crowned（加冕）at many schools'proms．
（1）How many kinds of parties are mentioned in the passage？ ．
A．Four．
B．Five．
C．Six．
D．Seven．
（2）A pajama party is held ．
A．at a cinema
B．at a restaurant
C．at a high school
D．at a person's house
（3）The guests at a pajama party．
A．can enjoy some fun activities
B．must use the host's pajamas
C．have no snacks of fun food to eat
D．can't get what they need from the host
（4）The students at a prom．
A．wear formal clothes
B．play board games
C．are all crowned
D．are all surprised
（5）What's the best title（题目）for the passage？
A．American school life
B．Pajama parties and proms
C．American sleeping habits
D．Birthday parties and tea parties．
2016is the Year of the Monkey．Monkeys are so smart and cute，and so many people like them．They have become a part of culture．Here are some stories to help you learn more about them．
New stamps for the year
The China Post Group made special stamps for the year．They made two styles．On the first one，a monkey hangs on a branch（树枝），holding a big red peach．This means to give luck to people．On the other stamp，a mother monkey holds two monkey babies in her arms．It shows the happy reunion（团聚） of families．The monkey stamps were for sale on Jan.5th．
Monkey show
In China，there is an ancient drama called Monkey Show．It tells the story of Monkey King．When actors perform，they will paint"monkey faces"with colors．Red is the main color．Interestingly，they don't draw eyebrows（眉毛）．
Influence on personality
In Chinese culture，the monkey is a symbol of wisdom．Those who were born in the Year ofthe Monkey are said to be smart and outgoing．They are also said to have strong leadership and social skills．They can solve all kinds of problems in life and be kind to others．
Fun Fact
Did you know？The world's smallest monkey is the finger monkey．It is only 10cm tall．They live in the Amazon rainforest （亚马逊雨林） of South America．Amazingly，they can turn their heads 180degrees．
40．Which of the following stamp means"the happy reunion of families"？
41．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？
A．Actors learn how to paint"monkey faces"from Monkey Show．
B．Those born in the Year of the Monkey are thought to be friendly．
C．Stories about the Year of the Monkey is the culture of many countries．
D．The finger monkey which is 180cm tall is the smallest in the world．
42．The best title of this passage is ．
A．Year of Monkey
B．New Monkey Stamps
C．Monkey Show
D．Different Monkeys．
I arrived in the UK last weekend to learn English．So far I have already made a few friends and had some traditional English food there．But after having three days of hamburgers，sandwiches and potatoes，I thought none could be more delicious than Chinese food，especially my favorite﹣huo guo．You can't imagine how excited I was when I got to know that there was going to be a free meal of hotpot to welcome the new students．On the way to the canteen，I seemed to smell huo guo in the air．
To my surprise，when I stepped into the room，I didn't see any sign of huo guo．Where was it？
With many questions in my head，I sat down to have the free meal．After talking with an English girl，I got to know that Chinese huo guo is completely different from hotpot．Chinese huo guo is written in two words﹣hot pot； and hotpot，one word，is a traditional English dish．
Hotpot is made from mutton and onion．On the top are pieces of potatoes．People put it in the oven all day in a heavy pot on a low heat．It takes very little effort to prepare．You can often see it at parties in the UK because it's easy to prepare for a large number of people and is not expensive．
Hotpot doesn't taste bad．However，I still miss huo guo﹣hot pot，two words!
36．The writer felt excited when she learnt she would ．
A．learn English in the UK
B．meet some new friends
C．have hamburgers and potatoes
D．have her favorite food
37．The underlined word"canteen"means a place for people to ．
A．play sports
B．have parties
C．have food and drink
D．buy books and magazines
38．Hotpot is often prepared for parties because it is ．
A．very popular
B．quite expensive
C．easy to prepare
D．good for health
39．After the free meal，the writer learnt that ．
A．"hotpot"wasn't"hot pot"
B．hotpot took little time to cook
C．hotpot wasn't traditional in the UK
D．the English girl knew little about hotpot．
What's in a Name？
Your name is very important．When you think of yourself，you probably think of your name first．（56）
Right now，the two most popular names for babies in the United States are"Jacob"for boys and"Emily"for girls．（57） And why are some names unpopular？
Names can become popular because of famous actors，TV or book heroes，or top players．Popular names mean very positive （积极的）things．Unpopular names mean negative （消极的）things．（58） Here are some common opinions about names from a recent survey．
（59） The biggest reason is tradition．They have no choice．Many people are named after a family member．
（60） A name that is unpopular now might become popular in the future．That's good news for all the Georges and Bettys out there．
A．Chinese names are different from English names．
B．Of course，opinions can change over time．
C．Surprisingly，people usually have similar opinions about names．
D．Why are these names popular？
E．Because it is an important part of your identity（身份）．
F．So why do parents give their children unpopular names？
As the years go by，the Italian community has found its place in Australia．One of the main reasons is the birth of a second generation （代）．The children of migrants （移民） have grown up as Australians．
Lucy's family is an example．
Lucy's parents came from Italy in the 1950s．Lucy was born in Sydney soon after her parents arrived in Australia．Lucy's parents were both workers．They spoke Italian at home．When Lucy went to school she had to learn English．Her mum and dad could speak just a little English．At home it was always Italian．When she got a bit older，her mum and dad would ask her to help them out when they didn't understand something in English．
When she was growing up，her parents didn't allow her to do as much as her Australian friends．Her friends didn't understand why she couldn't go out and do things with them，or why she always did what her parents wanted!Lucy's parents spent a lot of time with other Italians，mainly because it was much easier for them to communicate in Italian．Because of this，she spent more time with kids from Italian background．
Things have changed since Lucy had children of her own．Lucy is not as strict as her parents were，so her own kids have more freedom （自由）．They can move between the different cultures and feel easier in both cultures．They haven't had so many problems about their identities （身份）•They see themselves as Australians with an Italian background and they‘re proud of their traditions．
51．Lucy's family live in ．
A．Italy
B．Germany
C．Australia
D．China
52．Lucy's parents spoke at home most of the time．
A．English
B．Italian
C．Chinese
D．German
53．When Lucy was a kid，she was allowed to ．
A．do what her parents wanted
B．do everything with her friends
C．do as much as her Australian friends
D．spend more time with kids from Australian background
54．Lucy's children ．
A．only speak Italian
B．can't accept Australian cultures
C．don't like their own Italian traditions
D．live in Italian and Australian cultures freely
55．What's the main idea of the passage？
A．Lucy's parents lived a hard life in the early years．
B．It's hard for Lucy's children to accept Australian culture．
C．As time goes by，the Italians in Australia have found their places there．
D．The Italians have played an important role in Australian society．
China is a great country with the largest population in the world．In order to solve the population problem，our government carried out one﹣child policy （政策）before．When it is carried out for some time，many people not only see its advantages but also disadvantages．
From 2016，two﹣child policy is put into effect．In my opinion，two﹣child policy is good．First of all，two﹣child policy is the gift for some only child．For some families，maybe the parents are only child and they also can have only child．Besides the loneliness of their child，when their child grows up and they grow older，their child marry an only child girl，the burden（负担）on their child and his wife is too heavy．Their child and his wife have to take care of two couples．Usually，a young couple looking after an old couple is a little difficult．But if their parents have two children，they can share the burden of taking care of their parents．It would be much better．Secondly，two﹣child policy can guarantee （保证） the number of Chinese population．
All in all，one﹣child policy has been out of date．And two﹣child policy is needed and necessary．It can solve the problems of nowadays （现在）and the future．
（1）Which country has the largest population in the world？
A．America．
B．Britain．
C．China．
D．Japan．
（2）The underlined phrase"carried out"in Paragraph 1 means" "in Chinese．
A．携带
B．取消
C．禁止
D．实行
（3）Our government carried out one﹣child policy before in order to ．
A．solve the population problem
B．take care of two old couples
C．share the burden of taking care of their parents
D．argue that two﹣child policy should be put into effect
（4）According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true？
A．One﹣child policy has its advantages and disadvantages．
B．It's easy for a young couple to look after an old couple．
C．China is a great country with the largest population in the world．
D．For some families，maybe the parents are only child and they also can have only child before 2016．
（5）What's the main idea of this passage？
A．Two﹣child policy is needed and necessary．
B．Our government carried out one﹣child policy．
C．Two﹣child policy is the gift for some only child．
D．Two﹣child policy can guarantee the number of Chinese population．
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