根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填放空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选
项。
Why Cats Scratch Tings
In has long been assumed that when cats scratch objects with their front paws（爪子）that they are sharpening their claws. 1 Research on cat behavior suggests that the major reason for this behavior is communication. By scratching up the bark of a tree (or the leg of your favorite chair) the cat is letting other cats or people know where she is and what she is up to.
Cats tend to pick a small number of noticeable objects in their environments to scratch such as trees, fence posts repeatedly. 2 The scratched surface leaves a highly visible mark that can be easily seen by other cats. In addition, cats have special glands （腺）in their paws so that when they make scratching movements they leave scent（气味）that the cats can smell. The fact that cats leave scent marks by making scratching movements may be the reason that cats will continue to scratch objects even after they have been declawed. 3
We don’t know exactly what cats are communicating with their scratching. Both males and females do it. It is done inside and outside the home and even by cats living with no other cats around. 4 Cats don’t scratch up your furniture to bother you or just to be destructive, but for specific reasons, one of which is communicating. Cats also scratch to extend their bodies, during play, and possibly as a greeting or to relieve dissatisfaction when prevented from doing other things they want to do.
5 It is easier to prevent problem scratching rather than trying to change your cat’s preference for the arm of your sofa after it has become a built up habit. Thus, the goal is to establish acceptable scratching habits by getting your cat to prefer a scratching post rather than the arm of your sofa.
| A．It turns out that this is only a secondary reason. |
| B．This is why the tree next door looks so scratched up. |
| C．Cats use other parts of their bodies to communicate as well. |
| D．Small pieces of bark have accumulated on the ground underneath. |
E．Scratching can result in considerable damage, owner dissatisfaction.
F．Declawed cats may still be leaving scent marks on objects they scratch.
G．It could be a defensive warning or just a marker that announces its existence.
Scientists often see the first ten years of a child’s life as the “window of opportunity.” And studies show that the following activities can benefit their brain greatly.
Free playtime has always been an important part of “being a kid”, but it is also important to a child’s development. “Free play” not only helps kids develop different skills, it also helps them develop into happy healthy adults in the future.
Read with kids
Reading has long been known to improve children’s intelligence. For parents who don’t have much time, just surrounding your kids with books goes a long way too.
Put kids to bed early
Preschool children should get at least eleven hours of sleep and kids up to age 12 should try to get at least ten hours of sleep.
Learn a second language
Early studies in this field have shown that bilingual (双语的) kids can perform better under pressure. Young children can learn new languages with nearly perfect fluency (流利) and pronunciation.
Praise good effort not intelligence.
Your kids may be smart but you should mainly praise the effort they put into tasks. Kids, who are praised on intelligence, often feel it is a fixed quality, and mistakes or failures badly hurt their self-confidence. Kids who are praised on effort often focus more on learning.
| A．Play some helpful games. |
| B．Give them enough playtime. |
| C．And they are not afraid to fail and try again. |
| D．Kids still need time away from the TV to do homework. |
E. Kids who read often develop earlier writing and number skills as well.
F. Everything at this time is very important to the development of a person’s brain.
G. Studies show that kids with regular bedtimes are better at languages, math and reading.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项是多余选项。
Learning English online is an effective way to improve your English. But with any type of learning you need to be prepared. This passage will 
give you advice and tips on how to get the most out of your online lessons.
1
This is an obvious point but also the most important one. A computer, a good Internet connection and a headset are what you will need to take classes online. A web camera is also pretty important. Make sure that your computer is turned on, that everything is plugged in correctly and that you have tested the connection. Doing this before the class means that you will be ready when the lesson starts
Take the classes somewhere quiet.
2 Trying to listen and participate(参与) in English classes is very difficult when there is noise around you. So find a quiet room and make sure that no one disturbs you while you are taking your lesson.
3
When grammar or anything else is being taught, make sure that you understand it. You won’t need to practice it at this time; just make sure that everything is clear. If you don’t understand what is being taught, ask your teacher to explain it again. Your teacher will be more than happy to deal with whatever puzzles you.
Practice speaking English.
Every class is an opportunity to practice your English speaking with a native and qualified teacher. Try to allow the conversation to flow by listening and talking in a natural way. 4 The teacher should note the mistakes and correct them at a later time.
Relax.
Come to class feeling relaxed and excited. 5 Come into the class excited about learning English. You will be able to get more out of the class this way.
| A．Review after the lesson |
| B．Make sure everything is ready. |
| C．Understand what is being taught. |
| D．Get away from everything that may be going on in your home |
E. Language learning should be enjoyable especially in online classes.
F. You will meet many problems when you are learning English online.
G. This is your chance to speak English without worrying about too many mistakes.
Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They cannot or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person’s health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones. They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc. .
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep anger inside may race a greater danger of high blood pressure. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough and get angry about. If it is, they say,“
Wait until your anger has cooled own and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”
Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry.
| A．In general the person feels excited and ready to act. |
| B．They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. |
| C．Expressing anger violently is more harmful than repressing it. |
| D．Anger may cause you a cancer. |
E.Don’t express your anger while angry.
F.Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.
G.Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I had an experience once which taught me something about the ways people made a bad situation worse by blaming themselves. One January, I officiated(主持) at two funerals for two elderly women. . At the first home, the son of the deceased(已故) woman said, “If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow, she would be alive today. It’s my fault that she died.” At the second home, the son said, “If only I had not insisted her going to Florida, she would be alive today.
. It is my fault.”
When things don’t turn out as we would like them to, we tend to assume that had we done things differently, the story would have had a happier ending. Any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty. Because the course of action they took turned out bad, they believe that the opposite course, for example, keeping mother at home, would have turned out better.
There seem to be elements involved in our readiness to feel guilty. The first lies in our belief that the world makes sense---there is a reason for everything that happens.
The second is the thought that we are the cause of what happens, especially the bad things that happen.. A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it. He wakes up in the morning and calls the rest of the world to its tasks.
. When he is hungry, people feed him, and when he is wet, people change him. Very often, we do not completely abandon that childish thought that our wishes cause things to happen.
| A．That long airplane ride was more than she could take |
| B．After all, how could it have turned out any worse? |
| C．Life and dead is an unsolved mystery. |
| D．The roots of this feeling may lie in our childhood |
E.He cries, and someone comes to attend to him
F.Both died a natural death
G. They believe that they are responsible for what has happened.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
All over the world people enjoy sports .sports help to keep people healthy and happy, and to live longer.
____.They buy tickets or turn on their TVs to watch the games. Often they get very excited when their player or team wins.
______Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers. What fun it is to jump into a pool or lake, whether in china, Egypt or Italy! _
__ Think how many lovers to skate or ski in Japan, Norway or Canada.
Some sports or games go back thousands of years, like running or jumping. Chinese wushu, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years old yet. ____ Water-skiing is one of the newest in the family of sports.
People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game together they often become good friends. One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace(胜不骄，败不馁)。
| A．And think of people in cold countries. |
| B．Sports help to train a person’s character. (性格) |
| C．Not a few people like sports in the world. |
| D．Many people like to watch others play games. |
E.People aren’t inventing new sports or games.
F.Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere take part in them.
G.People are inventing new sports or games all the time.
Alice、Tom、Neil 和Max正在寻找合适的宠物，第65至68题是对他们个人情况的介绍。阅读下列宠物的信息（A、B、C、D、E），选出符合他们各人需要的最佳选项。选项中有一项是多余的。
本节有4小题，每小题1分，共4分。Alice and her 10-year-old twin sons live in a house with a big yard. She’s looking for some pets to play with the boys. A pair of dogs is preferred. Money is not a problem.
Tom, 63 years old, has no children. His wife died last year and he is very lonely. He would like to have a pet that can talk to. He used to be a cook and loves birds very much, but he doesn’t like cats.
Bruce has a dog and he’s looking for another pet. It must be male and be able to get along well with his dog. Also, the pet has to be free.
Neil plans to find a female pet for his daughter. She loves orange and white cats. There are no smokers in the family. Free pets are preferred.
| A Brooke: orange and white, young, female She’s a shy cat and likes to be alone at first. Once she gets familiar with you, she is very sweet and loves to be in your lap and play with you. She also loves to talk. The owner shouldn’t be a smoker. For free. |
| B Sammi Hammi: adult, male Sammi Hammi, a blue and gold bird, is looking for his forever home. He loves dogs and likes to sing and dance. He will talk your ear off while you cook! He loves delicious food and he is a great boy who loves attention. The new owner will have to pay an adoption fee and for his cage. |
| C Buster: black and white, young, male He will be the sweetest cat you will ever meet. He likes to play and gets along well with other pets. Anyone who gets this guy will love him! For free. |
| D Zoey: American Bulldog, adult, female My dog Zoey is three years old and is very outgoing. She loves the outdoors and she loves kids. She is good at looking after other dogs. She also likes being around people. I need to find her a good home. I would like someone with children and other dogs to take her. For free. |
| E Rebel and Maverick: young, male Both Maverick and Rebel will be 2 years old soon. They’re wonderful dogs, but I can no longer keep them for some reasons. They love children. A home with children would be the best. They also get along well with other animals. The most suitable place for them is a home with a yard because they love to be outside. 600 dollars. |
任务型阅读
某校正在开展课外阅读小组活动Peter, Helen, Catherine, Elizabeth和Jessica想根据自己小组成员的喜好找一篇英语阅读材料。阅读下面某报纸的文章摘要（A, B, C, D, E, F），选出适合他们的文章，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。
1．Peter’s group members are fond of an article which can help them to find something that can both challenge their intelligence and provide entertainment．
2．Helen’s group members are fashionable and fond of advanced technology．They like reading something that can provide them with inspirations in achieving success and changing people’s way of life．
3．Catherine’s group members are athletic and spend a lot of time working out．They are fond of any stories about stars in the sports world．
4．Elizabeth’s group members want to read some articles which can help them keep pace with the trend of fashion．They hope to find in the article some hints on helping improve their appearances．
5．Jessica’s group members are keen on becoming volunteers and therefore are looking for some articles that can increase their chances of being chosen．
|
根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项多余选项.（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）
M：Lovely day, isn’t it?
W：Mm, yes, 1 And it’s supposed to get warmer.
M：Yes, that’s true. You know, though, I’m always a little worried to see winter go.
W： 2
M：Well, I love skating. In fact, I used to teach skating for a living.
W：Oh? That sounds interesting. 3
M：I work at Bank of America. How about you?
W： 4
M：Here?
W：No, I’m from Chicago. I’m just visiting here for the wedding.
M：Oh, I see.
W：By the way, 5 I’m Helen Keller.
M：Nice to meet you. My name is John Smith.
| A．But what do you do now? |
| B．It’s very cold. |
| C．It’s really warm. |
| D．I guess I should introduce myself. |
E．I’m on the radio station.
F．What’s your name?
G．Really?
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。注意{ E选项填涂AB, F选项填涂AC,G选项填涂AD}。
Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways . Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.
You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. .Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.
.
The following methods may work best for you.
●Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.
●Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts.
● Write your notes in your own words.
● .
● Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.
As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand(速记). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. .
| A．Use words, not complete sentences. |
| B．There are three practical note-taking methods. |
| C．You must write your notes on separate paper. |
| D．Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later. |
E. you will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.
F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.
G. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息, 请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。
首先请阅读下列图片及文字说明：
A. Drop-Bar Road Bikes
Generally lighter in weight than the typical mountain or comfort bike, road bikes are good for multiple pavement uses including fitness riding, commuting, long-distance/event rides, touring and racing.
Drop-bar handlebars are lightweight and aerodynamic and are a better choice if you want to go faster or are more concerned with efficiently transferring your energy into making the bike move forward. They also allow for a greater number of riding and hand positions than flat-bars. Their more aerodynamic riding position (bent over at the waist) may put more strain on your back if you are less flexible.
B. Flat-Bar Road Bikes
Flat-bar handlebars combine the efficiency of drop-bar road bikes with a slightly more upright riding position. This allows you to sit up in a higher and more relaxed position so you can better see the road and potential risks. An upright position also reduces strain on your hands, wrists and shoulders. This increased versatility comes with the tradeoff of being slightly less efficient (from an aerodynamic standpoint) than the typical drop-bar road bike.
C. Hardtail Mountain Bikes
Mountain Bikes are best for dirt or rocky trails and gravel roads; they are OK for pavement too (with tire change).
Hardtail bikes feature a front suspension fork and a rigid back with no rear suspension shocks. This type of mountain bike is much less expensive and lighter in weight than a typical full-suspension mountain bike. A hardtail is the more versatile choice if you plan to use it for both paved and unpaved surfaces. The tradeoffs from a full-suspension mountain bike? A hardtail is less able to safely handle more technical singletrack trails, provides less overall shock absorption and, in some situations, delivers less rear wheel traction.
D. Full-Suspension Mountain Bikes
Full-suspension mountain bikes have both front and rear suspension shocks making them ideal for backcountry trails or technical (steep, bumpy, twisty) singletrack. They also stand up to more aggressive riding including jumps or drops of up to 5 feet. As mentioned above, full-suspension bikes are more expensive and generally heavier than hardtail bikes.
E. Folding bikes
These bikes can be folded up and placed in a carrying bag, which makes them handy for commuters with limited storage space at home or the office. They are lightweight yet strong and can be folded up quickly and easily. Folding bikes are also a good choice for those who want to travel with their bike.
F. Electric-assist bikes
These bikes feature a battery-powered motor that can help you climb hills easily or make your commute less strenuous. Built-in sensors can monitor how much pressure you're putting on the pedals and then apply battery power accordingly.
以下是一些用户信息，请把图片与相关介绍匹配起来。 Tom is a bike lover. He wants to buy a road bike that can go fast on the road. Speed is important but it is more important for him to see the road and stay safe, since the road on which he rides is often full of traffic.
Jack is an office worker. Every day he goes to work by subway. There is still a long way from where he lives to the subway station, so he decides to buy a bike, which can be easily put at home, on the subway train and his office.
Peter loves making long-distance journey by bike. When travelling, he has to climb hills or ride on rocky trails, which makes him too tired to go. He wants to continue his journey even when he is tired, but he doesn’t want to travel by car or ride his motorbike.
Mark is a bike enthusiast who often rides in the mountainous areas. Unfortunately, his bike was damaged when he was riding on the mountain. Now he is going to buy a new mountain bike. Being a rich man, Mark doesn’t care about the price of the bike, but it must be tough and flexible enough to jump and drop on the mountain road.
Jim needs a new mountain bike that can be ridden on both paved and unpaved surfaces. It doesn’t need to be too expensive. He hopes to buy a bike that is lighter in weight than a typical full-suspension mountain bike
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Love Your Parents
Even if you think that your parents are mean-spirited at times, loving your parents is a normal and fulfilling part of life．You love them for the fact that they created you, raised you, and are in part, a source of who you are．__
Tell them you love them every morning．A gentle "good morning" and "I love you" will warm a coldest heart． Remember that they brought you into this world． Without your parents, we might still wander at an unknown corner in an unknown world．
Respect them more and cherish these moments．You can use these moments to learn from them, preparing yourself for when you're off on your own．It's OK to get angry but angry actions don't help you or your parents． Act calmly, cool off, write down your feelings, or talk to a friend．
Obey their requests． It will make your attitude better and earn you more respect from them．It may seem like you are going through hell when you don't get what you want or you have to clean．However, you had better remember they keep a roof over your head when it's cold, raining, snowing, or too hot．Understand that parents are human beings and make mistakes． Since you can forgive your friends, why not forgive your parents?
Keep company with them．Do things with your parents like watching TV, or go somewhere with them． Listen to their old stories and learn from them． You will find they are your teachers in this way or another．
Some people simply may not be able to love their parents． Seek help if you are being abused（虐待）in anyway．Parents do not have a right to harm you．
| A．Parents will in turn express their love to you． |
| B．Forgiveness is the key． |
| C．Here are some ways to love your parents． |
| D．There can be realistic reasons for this, family violence for example． |
E． Anyway, spend as much time with them as you can．
F． After this, share your feelings with your parents．
G． Please remember parents are as important as friends．
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ancient Rome was one of the world’s most powerful empires more than 2,000 years ago. The Romans’ ideas about roads, laws, government and buildings still influence us today.
Italy is shaped like a boot.
The Colosseum in Rome was built during the time of the Roman Empire, in the first century A.D._____It is a popular tourist attraction today.
Italy is well-known for its designers, who create cars, handbags, clothes, shoes and other items that are in demand for their style and fine workmanship.
Today, the economy of Italy is stronger than in the past. Today, manufacturing and tourism are the main sources of income. There are some big companies, but Italy has many smaller companies, too.
The southern part does not offer as many manufacturing jobs, so it is not as prosperous.
Italy is a member of the European Union, a group of countries that join together for better trade. The currency, or money, they use is called the “euro”.
Food and eating good meals are important to Italians. _______
Popular foods include pasta, risotto, minestrone and pizza．McDonald’s is also popular there. Many families still eat their main meal in the middle of the day. Families spend a lot of time together.
| A．The family is very important to the Italian way of life. |
| B．The country used to depend on agriculture. |
| C．Mountains cover about three-fourths of the country. |
| D．It could seat about 50,000 people, who went to see fights between animals and people. |
E. While there are some supermarkets, many people shop at small, neighborhood markets.
F. Italy has several islands off the coast.
G. The northern part of the country is the main manufacturing center.
Money Matters
Parents should help their children understand money. ____ So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.
The basic function of money
Begin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services. It is important to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have.If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier(收银员). When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, you can start explaining more complex ways of using money.
Money lessons
Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. __ If you must say no to a child’s request to spend money, explain, “You have enough toy trucks for now.” Or, if the request is for many different things, say, “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”
Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a product--- a name-brand butter and a generic (无商标产品)，for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. __ ____ If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved. Later, you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.
| A．Wise decisions |
| B．The value of money |
| C．Permit the child to choose between them. |
| D．Tell your child why he can –or cannot --- have certain things. |
E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.
F. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.
G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A new study of 8,000 young people in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior shows that although love can make adults live healthily and happily, it is a bad thing for young people. The study shows that girls become more depressed than boys, and younger girls are the worst of all.
The possible reason for the connection between love and higher risk of depression for girls is "loss of self". According to the study, even though boys would say "lose themselves in a romantic relationship", this "loss of self" is much more likely to lead to depression when it happens to girls. They won't tell that to their parents.
Dr. Marianm Kaufman, an expert on young people problems, says 15% to 20% young people will have depression during their growing. Trying romance often causes the depression.
She advises kids not to jump into romance too early. During growing up, it is important for young people to build strong friendships and a strong sense of self.
Parents should watch for signs of depression—eating or mood changes. . The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age. Love will always make us feel young.
.
| A．Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions. |
| B．However, only maturity (成熟) gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects. |
| C．Puppy love (早恋) may bring stress for young people and can lead to depression (忧郁症) |
| D．Parents should forbid their children’s puppy love. |
E. She also suggests the parents should encourage their kids to keep close to their friends, attend more interesting school activities and spend enough time with family.
F. If they see signs from their daughter or son, they need to give help.
G. Lacking love can lead young people to grow up more quickly.
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