高中英语阅读表达试题

At least 36 people have been killed and another 42 people have been injured in a stampede that broke out during a New Year Eve celebration in downtown Shanghai, which may have been caused by the crowd rushing to grab fake money thrown from the balcony of a building.
Survivors described the stampede as "horrible and hellish."
A woman said she covered two kids in front of her with her arms in the chaos. Her son followed her. Dirty shoe prints covered her son's clothes when the 12-year-old boy came to safety.
"The crowd was in a panic. We stood in the crowd, feeling squeezed and almost out of breath," a boy said. "Some yelled for help, but the noise was too loud."
Other survivors said police rushed to the scene and tried to pull out people who were stuck, but without much success.
The local authorities said that one of the victims was a female student from the Shanghai-based Fudan University. The student, surnamed Du from Yunnan Province, was fatally injured during the incident and died later in the hospital.
"The chaos lasted several minutes, and then some of the injured were seen being carried out of the crowd," Yu said.
Chinese President Xi Jinping on Thursday demanded an immediate investigation into the cause of the stampede and urged prevention of such incidents in the future.
The city has set up a working team for rescue operations to deal with the aftermath.
Fatal incidents like this one were not rare in China, the world's most populous country. Stampedes in the past were mainly due to safety measures.
In September 2014, six students were killed in a stampede at a primary school in Yunnan Province after a stairway was blocked. In January 2014, a mosque(清真寺) stampede killed 14 people and injured another 10 in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. In 2004, a stampede on a bridge in suburban Beijing killed 37 during a local lantern festival.

How did the boy feel in the crowd?     (No more than 12 words) (3 marks)
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What happened to the college student in the passage?    (No more than 11 words) (2 marks)
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How many people were killed altogether in the stampedes mentioned in the passage?
(No more than 2 words)  (2 marks)
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What’s the news mainly about?                      (No more than 14 words) (3marks)
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Today there are policemen everywhere, but in 1700, London had no policemen at all. A few old men used to protect the city streets at night and they were not paid.
In 1750, Henry Fielding started to pay a group of people to stop thieves. They were like policemen and were called “Bow Street Runners”, because they worked near Bow Street. Fifty years later, there were 120 “Bow Street Runners”, but London had become very big and needed more policemen. So in 1829, London Police Force was started with 3,000 officers. Until 1920 all the police in London were men.
Who protected London in 1700? (回答词数不超过4个)
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When was London Police Force started? (回答词数不超过2个)
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Why were the group of people called “Bow Street Runners”? (回答词数不超过6个)
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How many “Bow Street Runners” were there in 1800? (回答词数不超过2个)
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阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
[1]Everyone has periods in his life when everything seems very hard, when there’s nobody to talk to and the mood is just getting worse and worse. There are some things that may help you lift up your mood.
[2]The first thing you should try is socializing and thinking positively. It is very hard, because usually when we feel depressed we lock ourselves at home and try to think about all the bad character issues we have. But if you try to force yourself and call a friend for a cup of coffee, the chances of changing your mood into a better one are very good. _____ Instead, try to think only about the bright side of your life. Don’t forget: We are what we think we are.
[3]You should also try doing something only for yourself, something totally selfish. This could be something you wanted for a long time: maybe a short trip, a coat, a ring or anything that could lift up your mood. This doesn’t have to be extravagant（奢侈的）or costly. The point of all these is being good to yourself.
[4]Giving presents to yourself can lift up your mood. What’s more, buying things to others may be a perfect way to feel happy. Think of your friends, families, relatives or even local charities, choose one person and give him a gift that doesn’t have to be something expensive or big. It may be just a little toy to your poor neighbor’s child. Making another person feel happy will make you feel good in your heart and mind.
[5]Meeting a positive person should be very useful. Just try to keep your problems off the conversation. The idea here is to get out of your shell and have some interaction. Get involved with someone else and your mind will take a turn as well.
What’s the main idea of this passage? （no more than 8 words）
 
Why does the author suggest buying things to others? （no more than 10 words）
 
Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. （no more than 6 words）
 
List three ways that can lift up your mood, according to the text. （no more than 16 words）
①
②
③
What does the word “It” （Line 4, Paragraph 4） probably refer to? （no more than 3 words）
 

Many people run after goals that they hope will make them happy, but happiness is not always the final result. So how does one decide which goals will end in personal happiness and which will not？How do the things in life affect personal happiness?
The most important thing is people’s attitude toward life, which can greatly affect their personal levels of happiness and satisfaction with life.
Psychologists have known for some time that optimism is a good way to fight against unhappiness. It’s probably no secret that optimistic people are considered to be much happier people than pessimists. There are specific characteristic features optimists have (pleasant ways of thinking), that bring them more success, greater health, increased life satisfaction, and other good things. If you became an optimist, it can mean that you became a very happy person, despite your circumstances, and it can actually bring more things into your life to be happy about. “If you are optimistic and you think life is going to get better, it will become a selffulfillment prediction.” says one of the scientists. “Happy people manage to look on the bright side, even if they meet big problems on their way.”
Positive psychologists believe that people can learn how to become happy and that everyone can teach themselves to see a half empty glass as half full. All they have to do is to spend time thinking about all the things that have gone right for them, rather than complaining what has gone badly. But people who are depressed usually think and worry about something that went wrong in the past.
What can affect people’s personal levels of happiness according to the passage? (No more than 5 words)
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Why are some people depressed according to the study? (No more than 14 words)
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How do happy people deal with the big problems in their life? (No more than 8 words)
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What is the main idea of the passage? (No more than 10 words)
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We stayed at the Altapura for 9 nights over the Christmas period. The hotel benefits from a perfect location with easy ski in and ski out. The ski room is well equipped and the staff are very friendly and helpful in fitting the correct skis and boots.
Overall the hotel is well appointed and conveniently located with its own underground car park, a selection of restaurants and spa facilities. We particularly enjoyed lunches on the sunny terrace(露天平台) facing the slopes and have a late afternoon drink at the bar area in the comfortable chairs and sofas which are surrounded by two fires.
We support the repeated comment in all the reviews that there is no control over the temperature in the room. We were also surprised the bathroom floor was not heated. This is to be expected at any five star hotel in the Alps and is a standard these days in so many homes that for a hotel not to have it is disappointing.
Our main letdown with the hotel was service and this was broken down to the actual servicing of the room and the overall operation of the hotel. By our third night we did complain to the management and the GM Praveen was quick to meet with us and crack all the issues as well as offer us a drink and dinner on the house, which was highly appreciated.
The managements’ timely response to our issues is why we have given this review 4 out of 5. Otherwise we would have given this hotel 3/5.
Overall if you are looking to stay at the highest resort in Europe and want to be guaranteed snow, then the Altapura is the place to stay at in Val Thorens.
What is the passage mainly about? (No more than 10 words)
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What is the repeated comment in all the reviews? (No more than 15 words)
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The underlined word “crack” in the 4th paragraph can be replaced by _______. (One word)
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Why did the author give the review 4 out of 5 instead of 3? (No more than 15 words )
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If you go traveling, what kind of hotel would you like to stay in? Why? (No more than
20 words)
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Playing is serious business for children. In fact, it’s what they do best! Ask them why they do it, and kids will probably say, “Because it’s fun!” But it’s much more than that. It’s also good for them.
Studies show that from birth babies begin learning through play. They use their five senses to get know their new world. Touching allows them to discover how different things feel. Brightly colored toys and clothing help develop a baby’s sense of sight.
When small children choose which toy to play with, they begin developing their abilities in making decisions.
Children love toys that allow them to use their imagination. Sometimes an empty box is more fun than a high-tech toy. That’s because a box can become anything a child imagines it to be.
Crayons, paints and Play-Doh(彩色塑泥) are also good because they allow children to crate. Traditional building blocks teach important pre-math skills like problem-solving.
Playing doesn’t become any less important once children start school. Many valuable(有价值的) lessons about life are learned on the school playground. Kids learn how to share, take turns and play by the rules.
What help develop a baby’s sense of sight according to the passage? (回答词数不超过13个)
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When do the children begin developing their abilities in making decisions? (回答词数不超过10个)
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What does the passage mainly tell us? (回答词数不超过8个)
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Directions: Read the following passage, and answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.
Elephants and people are in competition for space. In much of Africa, elephants are now put in national parks. Elephants suffered a serious and steady decrease in number in the 1970s.This was the same time when scientists were beginning to learn a great deal about elephants and their behavior. Studies through the 1980s and into the 1990s showed a lot about their sounds and methods of communication.
In Kenya alone, in the 1970s and 1980s, the elephant population decreased from 170,000 t0 25,000. The sharp drop in number was the result of poachers (偷猎者) illegally killing elephants for their ivory. The price of ivory went up from $ 3 a pound to $ 50 to $ 100 a pound. Africa became very attractive to poachers. Bull elephants carried larger tusks (象牙) , so they were more often killed. With males gone and older females killed by poachers as well, there were many young elephants unable to benefit from the wisdom of the older females and matriarchs, who lead the herds.
Kenya took a stand that international trade in ivory was officially forbidden, and $ 3, 000,000  worth of confiscated (没收的)  ivory was burned in Kenya. The following year, only 50 elephants were lost to poachers in Kenya instead of 3,000. But Kenya has the fastest growing human population in the world. People throughout Africa won’t tolerate elephants eating their crops and destroying their livelihoods. In South Africa, elephants live behind the fences of national parks. In some parts of Africa, big-game hunters pay a lot of money to hunt elephants. This keeps their numbers down, and the money goes toward conservation. In Kenya, there are some attempts at birth control to keep the elephant population in manageable numbers to reduce conflicts with people.
Faced with a growing human population, elephants are losing the battle for space. It’s unlikely, though, that they will become extinct(绝种的). They will live in natural parks that bring tourists to Africa as well as India and other parts of Asia. The money from tourism will help elephants to survive.
What’s the reason for elephant population decrease?  ( No more than 8 words)
Why were bull elephants at higher risk of being killed? (No more than 6 words)
How can we reduce conflicts with elephants? (No more than 9 words)
Why is it not likely that elephants will become extinct? (no more than 15 words)

Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart(购物手推车). They will, in a lifetime, push the chrome-plated contraptions many miles. But few will know--or even think to ask--who it was that invented them.
Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging(吃力地携带) groceries（杂货物品) around in baskets they had to carry.
One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.
On June 4, 1937, Goldman’s first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn’t wait to see them using his invention.
But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.
After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts. “Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied.
But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony(假冒的) customers.
As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come--those who came bought more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before.
Today’s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman’s original model. Perhaps that’s one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937--before the coming of the shopping cart.
The underlined words “chrome-plate contraptions” in Paragraph 1 refer to ______. (No more than 3 words)
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What was the purpose(目的) of Goldman’s invention? (No more than 10 words)
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Why was Goldman disappointed at first? (No more than 10 words)
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Why did Goldman hire people to push carts around his market? (No more than 10 words)
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What do you think of Goldman? Please give your reasons. (No more than 20 words)
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阅读下面的短文，并用英语回答问题，请注意问题后的词数要求。
Why do young adult children become independent so much later than they did in 1970, when the average age of independent living was 21? Why have reduced class sizes and increased per－pupil expenditures(花销) not resulted in higher academic achievement levels? Why is the mental health of today's kids so poor when compared with that of children in the 1960s and before? Why do today's parents become defensive when told by teachers that their children have misbehaved in school?
The best answer is that parents play a different role in children’s growth, which also summarize the differences between “old” child raising and new, post－1960s parenting. Then, the overall philosophy was that parents were not to be highly involved with their kids. They were available in case of crisis, but they stood a (an) safe distance from their kids and allowed them to experience the benefits of the trial－and－error process. It was the child's job, back then, to keep his or her parents from getting involved. That was how children learned to be responsible and determined.
Today's parents help their kids with almost everything. These are parents who are confused when it comes to an understanding of their purpose in their kids' lives. Their involvement leads them to personalize everything that happens to their kids; thus the defensiveness. But given that schools and mental health professionals have been pushing parental involvement for nearly four decades, the confusion and defensiveness are understandable.
University researchers analyzed three decades of data relating to parental participation in children's academics. Their conclusions confirmed what I've been saying since the 1980s: parental help with homework lowers a child's academic achievements and is not reflected on standardized tests.
Parents who manage a child's social life interfere with the development of good social skills. Parents who manage a child's after－school activities grow kids who don't know how to fill their own free time. Parents who get involved in their kids’ conflicts with peers grow kids who don't know how to avoid much less trouble.
These kids have anxieties and fears of all sorts and don't want to leave their home. And their parents, when the time comes, don't know how to stop being parents. You can imagine what will become of their future.
What accounts for the differences between parents of different period? (no more than 5 words)
What qualities could children gain in the form of “old” child raising? (no more than 4 words)
What usually do today’s parents do in the process of their children’s growth? (no more than 7 words)
How does the author evaluate parental participation in children’s academics? (no more than 5 words)
In what way do parents interfere with a child’s social life? (no more than 6 words)

Directions：Read the passage carefully．Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Financial setbacks in the form of pay cuts are having a trickle-down effect(涓滴效应) as the depression persists．Families across America are cutting or even axing kids’ allowances(零花钱) to reflect what’s going on with household finances and the economy as a whole.
Some jobless parents are doing it out of necessity．Other parents are using allowance adjustments to teach children about economic realities and how to budget in learner times.
‘Try to use relevant news to explain the reasons behind the depression and how it’s hitting home．If they see it obvious in their own allowance, they’ll feel the impact and see how it all ties in,’ says financial consultant Antwone Harris.
Any reduction in allowance should be understood in age-appropriate communication, says Dr．Tony Meyer, a child psychiatrist(精神科医生) and medical director of Aurora Psychiatric Hospital．Six- to 12-year-olds are mature enough for a frank talk, but don’t set them back with a lot of details．It’s sufficient to say their allowance is lower because Mom or Dad is getting paid less at work, so there’s less money for the family to spend．With 12- to 18-year-olds, you can broaden the discussion to include the banking crisis and other factors that contributed to the depression, Meyer says．Younger kids have the idea that they’re at the center of things, and adolescents by mature are especially self-concerned．‘They’ll think they’re responsible,’ Meyer says.
A cut in allowance might seem punishing, so the message that the child is not at fault needs to come across．Depending on the child’s age, ‘You can also ask them to bring some income by working a job or helping more around the house so Mom or Dad can work more,’ he says．Kids can also contribute by means of taking over landscaping services previously done by a paid professional．‘You’ll pay lower rates, and the money stays in the family,’ financial consultant Antwone Harris remarks．Meyer also suggests implementing a stimulant program to cut household expenses．Anyone who comes up with a cost-cutting idea get 10 percent of the savings.
That way, they’ll come to understand that a paycheck only goes so far, and decisions and sacrifices are part of responsible money management.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)
___________ is American families’ response to the financial depression.
What are both jobless and other parents using allowance adjustments to teach their children about?
When communicating with 12-to 18-year-olds about reduction in allowance, parents can broaden the discussion through ________.
Besides ‘working a job or helping more around the house’, what are the other two suggestions put forward by Meyer to bring some income to kids?

阅读表达。阅读下面短文，并根据题目要求用英语回答问题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
How do you keep a library when you’ve got no room for your books? With rising rents and record numbers of young people having to move with their parents, it’s clear that we are a moving generation.
As a student in Leeds I moved three times in four years; in London it was seven times in three years. Regularly having to load our possessions into laundry bags and boxes takes a lot of our finance and energy, but the effect on our book collections is rarely considered.
Keeping a collection of beloved books in a damp flat with no shelves, which you’ll probably have to move out of in six months’ time, is a challenge. Deciding which books to keep and which to reject becomes increasingly difficult. Do you hold on to the books you know you’ll reread or do you keep the to-be-read pile intact (完好无损的) ?
Donating books to a charity shop or local school may be virtuous, but when you haven’t had time to read them since your last move, it becomes depressing. There’s a copy of Much Ado About Nothing I’ve been moving around with for nearly a decade because it is the only piece of Shakespeare in the marketplace.
“Just buy a Kindle!” you might argue — but for many people, books are more than just books. They offer us an emotional connection to the past, to the person who gave them to us. They are a way to brighten up a dark flat, they are a link to home; they are the hardest thing to move and the most enjoyable thing to unpack.
So what if you are already facing your second move this year and can’t bear the thought of pensioning off more of your beloved books? You start reading more. Read all the books in your current bedroom and work out if they’re worth the trip; give away as many books as you can; leave books with trusted friends to be reclaimed at a later point. Start looking at your books creatively.
Why has the moving generation appeared? (no more than 15 words)
While moving, why do people often ignore their book collections? (no more than 10 words)
What makes the author keeps a copy of Much Ado About Nothing? (no more than 10 words)
What does the underlined phrase pensioning off in the last paragraph mean? (no more than 3 words)
What would you do with your books when you have to move? Give a persuasive reason. (no more than 25 words)

阅读表达
Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight while the French, who consume rich food, continue to stay thin? Now a research by Cornell University suggests how life style and decisions about eating may affect weight. Researchers conclude that the French tend to stop eating when they feel full. However, Americans tend to stop when their plate is empty or their favorite TV show is over.
According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating as an important part of their life style. They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table, while Americans see eating as something to be squeezed between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans lose the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped. In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and frozen foods for the week. The French, instead, tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers’ markets where they have a choice of fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal.
After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women .Don’t Get Fat, decided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid food. Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym.
In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent life style changes may be affecting French eating habits. Today the rate of obesity among adults is only 6%. However, as American fast food gains acceptance and the young reject older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17% — and is growing.
What does the research by Cornell University show? (No more than 10 words)
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What do the French think of eating according to Dr. Joseph Mercola?(No more than 15 words )
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Why do you think Mireille Guiliano can stay thin though she rarely goes to the gym? (No more than 10 words )
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What does the underlined word “obesity” mean in the last paragraph?(No more than 3 words)
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Do you think enjoying food has close connection with getting fat? Give your reasons. (No more than 25 words)

阅读表达(共5小题；满分10分)
Statuses(身份) are part of human inventions that help us get along with one another and determine where we “fit” in society. As we go about our daily routines, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, and so on.
The statuses we take often vary with the people we meet and change throughout life. Most of us can quickly adjust our statuses that various situations or occasions require. Most of social interaction(互动) consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to take their statuses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental process of judgment. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather effortlessly.
A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric (衣料). But an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocketbook(钱包). Having made a choice within these limits we can make certain changes, but apart from minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks(衣架). Statues too come ready made, and the range of choice among them is limited.
What is the function of statuses ?     (not more than 15 words)
What do we do as the situation changes? (not more than 5 words)
In Paragraph 2 which word do you think can replace “identifying”? (1 word)
Besides society what are the other two factors (因素)that limit our choice of statuses? (not more than 3 words)
What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?  (not more than 7 words)

Mr. Rock teaches maths at a secondary school. He knows well of his neighbours except the man who lives next door. The man never speaks to anyone and no one knows what he does to make a living.
One day, when Mr. Rock came home from work, he found a gold necklace outside his door. Mr. Rock wondered where it came from. He thought that perhaps someone had dropped it. Mr. Rock planned to take it to the police station the next day.  He thought the police would be able to find the owner.
Just then, the police came to Mr. Rock’s home and saw the necklace in his hand. Mr. Rock was very shocked when he was accused(起诉) of robbery(抢劫).  A  policeman told him that a jewellery shop had been robbed. A witness said that she had seen someone run from the jewellery shop into Mr. Rock’s building right after the robbery. Mr. Rock was not the robber, but how could he prove it?
What’s Mr. Rock’s job?
___________________________________（回答词数不超5个）
Where did he find the necklace? (回答词数不超过3个) _______________________
Why did Mr. Rock feel shocked? (回答词数不超过6个) __________________________

阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置(请注意问题后的词数要求)。
【1】Who says you need super power to save the world? On April 22, more than a billion people worldwide celebrated Earth Day by taking part in green activities in their communities. However, you needn’t wait until Earth Day. You needn’t be an adult, either! Every day, young people across the globe are doing their part to keep the Earth healthy and green. These are just a few kid heroes for the planet.
Manatee (海牛) minder
【2】When she was in second grade, Stephanie Cohen read about a baby manatee hit by a boat off the coast of Florida. Biologists saved the manatee. But caring for the sea creature was expensive. Stephanie took up a collection and raised 27 dollars in one day. Now 18, Stephanie still raises money to help these "Gentle Giants".
Goodbye paper bags
【3】When Adrienne Smith, 15, was in sixth grade, she noticed that many of her classmates carried paper lunch bags. To help kid cut down on waste, she invented an eco-friendly lunch bag. It is partly made from recycled plastic bottles. "Kids like it because they can fold it up and put it in their backpacks," said Adrienne. She sells the bags at greenearbag.com. And some of the money goes to charity.
He's skiing to save the earth
【4】Parker Liantaud, 15, wanted to raise awareness about the effects of climate change on the polar regions. He set out to become one of the youngest people ever to ski the North Pole. Although the cruel conditions forced Parker and his guide to finish the last 15 miles of the journey by helicopter, Parker felt he met his goal to inspire others. "All young people have the power to make a change," he said.
He ______ the earth
【5】Every year, Max Kesselman, from Pennsylvania, USA, celebrates his birthday December 3 by cleaning up the Earth. When Max was 6, he noticed trash on the sides of the road. He wrote a letter to local leaders suggesting a cleanup day on his birthday.(words:353)
What is the main idea of the passage?（no more than 8 words）
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What does the word "it" (Line 4, Paragraph3) probably refer to?（no more than 5 words ）
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Fill in the blanks of the title of Paragraph 5 with proper words.（no more than 5 words）
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Why didn't Parker ski the North Pole all the way?（No more than 7 words）
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Write out at least one other Green Activity you can take part in?（no more than 8 words）
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