高中英语阅读填空阅读填空

任务型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
Blood donation, also called blood banking, is a wonderful thing to do. It is an easy and direct way to contribute to social work and help the community. It helps to save lives and helps those who are in need of blood due to bad condition or the heavy loss of blood during operations or in accidents.
You are able to give or donate blood every three or four month, and it is a great way to make  a huge difference to someone’s life and you can always be proud of it after making valuable contributions to society. Blood donation is not a big problem, but you need to keep a few points in mind.
Before donating blood, make sure that the ferrum (铁) level in your body is high enough and for that you should take a healthy diet. Do not go for blood donation on an empty stomach. You should follow the correct process so that everything goes well. After having a balanced diet you will feel strong and comfortable to donate blood. Afterwards, you will not feel faint or weak.
For required hemoglobin (血红蛋白) in your body, drink lots of juice and other drinks. Fruit juice, such as apple juice is very good for increasing the blood level in your body.
For a good blood flow in your body, drink at least 6-7 glasses of water every day. Completely avoid a day before and after giving blood, taking alcohol (酒). Do not smoke half an hour before giving blood.
When you are going for blood donation, be relaxed, which helps keep the right blood pressure. During the blood donation activity, take a deep breath and try to calm yourself. Don’t join in some other activities.
When you donate blood, you are making the effort to save someone’s life. Blood donation is a very simple and fast process, but you need to take care of yourself after donating blood. Proper care helps to reduce side effects. The following are a few tips that will help you out.
Take a rest for 15 minutes after the donation. It helps you to feel relaxed.
Eat something and drink juice before leaving the blood donation centre. Make sure that you have meals after donating blood. Smoking should be avoided for one hour after the process. Avoid some activities right away, for example, driving.
Finally, be proud of yourself because you have done a great thing in helping to save someone’s life. Blood donation is a very important activity.

Title	Blood donation — an important activity
The      of blood donation	•     to social work and the community • Helping those people who suffer the loss of • Giving yourself a sense of pride
the donation	• Take a healthy      for a high ferrum level. • Drink fruit juice for enough hemoglobin. • Drink at least 6-7 glasses of water daily for a good       of blood. •   taking alcohol and smoking cigarettes.
During the donation	• Relax and breathe deeply • Never take      in other activities.
After the donation	• Take a rest. • Don’t skip     . • Don’t smoke until one hour later. • Don’t join in some activities like driving

Things You Should Insist on No Matter What People Say
Life can get pretty crazy at times．  Happiness is dependent upon ourselves，and there are some things in life you should always insist on doing，no matter what others have to say about it．Here is a list of some things you should always do．
1．Learn from your mistakes
No matter what people say，you will make mistakes in your life．Life is a learning process in itself．Some people will make you feel bad about your mistakes，or insult you for making them．   Accept your mistakes fully and really figure out what went wrong．
2．Embrace change and creativity
A popular proverb is，“You cannot solve a problem in the same state of consciences that created it．”    Change and creativity are vital in today’s world．Things are always changing，so why should we be any different?
3．Appreciate what you have
 This can take away from our happiness．Sometimes you just need to sit back and be happy about where your life is right now，and what you have to show for it. Sure people might tell you it’s not good enough，but don’t listen to them．It is good enough，and it gives you a sense of pride when you can enjoy the things you already have in life．
4．Listen to your heart
Sometimes you just need to follow your instincts and do what your heart tells you. There are some situations，like relationships，that rely more on your heart than on your head．People will surely tell you differently，but you should always insist on listening to what you want and feel. Again，you are the one who lives with your choices，and you are the one that has to live with the“what ifs．”  

More and more scientific experiments prove that physical exercise can reduce the dangers of some illnesses in middle-aged persons．Exercise strengthens the heart muscle，reduces blood pressure and help to prevent muscles from changing into fat．Physical exercise is just as important for children．
Exercise and food affect growing speed in young lab animals．Baby mice start running as soon as they are big enough to use an exercise wheel in their cage．If  they get extra food and run a lot，they will grow as much as 1.5 times bigger than normal．
The same differences in growing speed might be found between active and inactive children．Physical exercise helps active children grow faster than inactive children．One experiment shows that the brains of the mice that had enough exercise weighed about 3％more than those of the mice that did not exercise The mice that exercised are much quicker to learn doing new exercise than the mice that did not exercise．
The results of the experiments suppose the theory that exercise can help babies learn to talk and walk sooner than expected．
The good effects of physical exercise are not limited to children and middle-aged people．Exercise continues to be an important part of our lives after we grow old．For example，people over 50 years old begin to lose calcium(钙) from their bones，which get weaker and can break easily．Physical exercise，however，helps to strengthen the bones and to prevent them from losing calcium．Of course，old people can take medicines to prevent themselves from suffering from losing calcium．But the medicines they take increase the chance of developing some kind of cancer(癌)．So physical exercise is a much safer treatment(治疗)．
根据短文内容完成下列表格，一空一词。

Title	Physical exercise
Theme	Physical exercise does       to people’s health ,both young and old.
of experiments	·Baby mice will be as much as 1.5 times bigger than normal on       that they eat extra food and run a lot. ·The brains of the mice that had enough exercise were       than those of the mice that didn’t exercise.
	Children	·Helping active children grow faster than inactive children. ·Being      For babies to learn to talk and walk sooner.
The middle-aged	·      the heart muscle. ·Reducing blood pressure . ·Preventing muscles from changing into fat.
Old people	·Helping the old people’s bones get       by preventing them from losing calcium. ·       the chance of developing some kind of cancer         by medicine.

第一节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A group of frogs were traveling through the woods, and two of them fell into a deep pit. When the other frogs saw_____  deep the pit was, they told the two frogs that they were as good as_____ (die). The two frogs ignored the comments and tried to jump up out of the pit with all their might. The other frogs kept telling them to stop. Finally, one of the frogs heard what the other frogs ________ (say) and gave up, so he died.
The other frog went on ______ (jump) as hard as he could to get out. Once again, the other frogs cried at him and told him to stop and just allow ____ to die, but he jumped even ______ (hard) and finally made himself out. When he was out, the other frog explained to them that something was wrong with his hearing. He thought they were encouraging him_____ whole time.
There is power of life and death in the tongue. An _______ (encourage) word to someone_____ is down can lift him or her up and help them make it _____ the day, while bad words can rob another of the spirit to go on in difficult times. Be careful of what you say.

认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸相应题号的横线上。
Cheating is common in various kinds of exams in college. Students don’t feel shame to cheat in exams. They know that if caught cheating in an exam, the punishment will not be serious. This leads to frequent cheating in exams.
At the University of Nevada, after students photographed test questions with their cellphone cameras, transmitted them to classmates outside the exam room and got the answers back in text messages, the university put in place a new monitoring system.
With their electronic tools, students these days find it easier to cheat. So college officials find themselves in a new game of cat and mouse, trying to gain an advantage over would-be cheats this exam season with a range of strategies—cutting off Internet access from laptops, or demanding the surrender of cellphones before tests.
Mr. Dapremont said technology had made cheating easier, but added that plagiarism（剽窃）in writing papers was probably a bigger problem because students can easily lift other people’s writings off the Internet.
Still, some students said they thought cheating these days was more a product of an attitude, not the tool at hand. Pressure to succeed sometimes clouds everything and makes people do things that they shouldn’t do. Students today feel more pressure to do well in order to graduate from school and secure a job.
Whatever the reasons for cheating, college officials say the battle against it is wearing them out. First, people who cheat in exams will lose interest in studying. Second, they believe studying isn’t meaningful. Even though they don’t do anything, they can still pass. Third, people who cheat in exams will influence others. Plenty of hardworking people will see that their results are lower than people who cheat in exams. Thus, we must prevent cheating in exams. We reduce the opportunities for cheating in exams.
The vast majority of Americans still believe that honesty is an important part of the American character. For that reason, there are numerous watchdog committees at all level of society. Although signs of dishonesty in school, business, and government seem much more numerous in recent years than in the past, could that because we are getting better at revealing such dishonesty?
Many educators feel that as students gain confidence in themselves and their abilities, they are less likely to cheat. Surprisingly, some efforts to prevent cheating may actually encourage cheating—a person may feel “ they don’t trust me anyway”, and be tempted to “ beat the system”. Distrust can be contagious（可传染的）. But, so can trust.
Title: Cheating in exams in college

Facts	◇ Cheating in exams is common in college. ◇ Students don’t take cheating in exams as    1   behaviour.
Means of cheating and plagiarism	◇ Use     2    . ◇ Surf the Internet.
3  for cheating	◇ Cheats are not     4    seriously. ◇ The latest technology makes it     5    for students to cheat. ◇ Heavy pressure makes students want to do well so as to ensure    56  and a job.
7  of cheating	◇ People will become     8   in studying. ◇ People will believe studying doesn’t make     9    . ◇ People cheating in exams will influence others negatively.
Solution	Educators and students should      10    each other.

 

阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1）汉语提示，2）首字母提示，3）语境提示, 在每个空格内填空入一个适当的英语单词，并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上。所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。
Wang Hai,
How are you doing? I would like to recommend a popular book to you.
Hopefully you will keep an        on it.                              
_______
This book, Chicken Soup for the Soul,       （写）by Jack Canfield,   
_______
appeared in 1993 and soon became a bestseller. A huge n      of copies have   _______
been sold so       . It will surely inspire readers of all ages. It has been put     _______
into tens of languages, spreading love to all the world. A     from this, an     _______
English       （版本）will be of great help to those English learners.      
_______
I surfed the internet and found a website selling this book w     price is   _______
64 yuan. But you can get it for 54.4 yuan through online shopping,       (节省) _______
you 9.6 yuan. You can order it at dangdang.com and get the book w      24 to  _______
48 hours after your payment. Get one and enjoy it!        action!             _______
All the best.
Yours,
Li Hua

Here are some of our favorite tips that will help any student study smarter, not harder:
Recite As You Study
Reciting---saying things out loud----should first take place as you read through each paragraph or section. Test yourself. This will help you to understand as well as learn faster because it is more active than reading or listening. It will also help you to notice your mistakes and the topics you have trouble understanding.
Study the Middle
The best time to review is soon after you've learned something. You are more likely to remember the material at the beginning and the end of the lesson, so make sure you focus on the middle when you review.
Take Fuller Notes
Notes should be in your own words, brief and clear. They should be tidy and easy to read. Writing notes will help you better than just underlining as you read, since it forces you to re-write ideas in your own words.
Sleep on it
Study before going to bed, unless you are very tired. It's easier to remember material you've just learned after sleeping than after an equal period of daytime activity, because your brain continues to think even after you've fallen asleep.
Combing Memory and Understanding
There are two ways to remember: by memorizing and by understanding. Multiplication tables, telephone numbers, and math formulas are better learned by rote(死记硬背)while ideas are best
learned by understanding.
The more ways you have to think about an idea, the more meaning it will have: the more meaningful the learning, the better you can remember it. Pay attention to similarities in ideas and concepts and then try to understand how they fit in with thing you already know. Never be satisfied with anything less than a completely clear understanding of what you are reading. If you are not able to follow the thought, go back to the place where you first got confused and try again.
Titles:  Tips on   in a smarter way.

Right things to be done	Details
	◆Help you study in an    way ◆Make you aware of your mistakes and problems
Notes		◆brief and clear ◆tidy and easy to read
Advantages	You can benefit a lot more than         when you read.
Sleep on it	Studying before going to bed brings about better      for material you've just learned.
of memory and understanding	◆Considering an idea in as many different      as possible. ◆      similar ideas and concepts ◆Going back to what first cause your       and start again

If you are worried about things and are under a lot of stress at work or school, then you are probably not sleeping well. Worry can keep you awake, tossing(翻来覆去) and turning in bed until the early hours of the morning when you eventually fall asleep. When you wake up, you don’t feel refreshed, but tired and worn out and unable to face a new day.
Dr. Henry Winkle, in a recent newspaper article entitled Stress and Sleep, indicates that        . Dr. Winkle says, “The more we worry, the less we sleep, the more we are unable to deal with stress. If we can find a way to get a good night’s sleep,” he adds, “we can often find the energy to deal with what’s worrying us.”
So, what is a good night’s sleep? Research shows that the amount of sleep which people need in order to keep healthy varies a lot. Seven hours is about average amount, though strangely enough, sleeping longer often gives you a headache instead of making you feel more refreshed.
Dr. Winkle believes that preparing for sleeping is important. People who work late should try to give themselves a short break and do something restful before going to bed. This could be watching TV or listening to music. Doing some exercise earlier in the day should help you to feel physically as well as mentally tired. A bedtime drink can also help, but coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake. “When you put the light out,” Dr. Winkle says, “concentrate on relaxing your muscles, working slowly up from your feet, and you’ll be asleep before you know it.”
What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 5 words)
                                                                                    
Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
People shouldn’t go to sleep immediately but should take a break after working late in the night.
                                                                                    
                                                                                    
Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words)
                                                                                    
Someone says that the longer you sleep, the better you feel. Try to find an argument from the passage against the idea. (Please answer within 15 words)
                                                                                    
Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese.
                                                                                        

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
We all have goals that we are moving towards and making a great effort to achieve. This is a good thing. Or can it be bad? How many of us never reach our goals and yet we have tried so hard and really thought about nothing else? I believe the mistake most of us make is that we do not focus on our present situation.
Let me explain. Most of us see our present situation as a stepping stone that we use simply as a means of reaching our final destination. We don’t take time to truly appreciate where we are today and all the great things we already have in our lives. We should focus our attention on the journey and not on the destination, or we will miss the beautiful scenery along the way.
Let’s use our job as an example. Now most of us want a promotion. We have plans to become the manager or general manager in our companies. Unfortunately, most of us will never reach the goal, but will watch others achieve our goal instead.
What we should be doing is focusing on the job we are currently in now. Forget where we want to get to and just focus on the present. You see, what we can control is our performance in our current job. We can decide to be the best we possibly can in our current job. Now this may mean further education to have the skills we currently do not have. It may mean working harder to produce better results than our colleagues. It could simply be a change of attitude, such as stopping complaining and becoming a more devoted and supportive employee. By doing our current job to the best of our abilities, we in fact give ourselves the best chance of promotion.
So the best thing for all of us to do to achieve our goals is to just focus on what we have and where we are now. Do the best and be the best we possibly can in our current situations, and we will give ourselves the very best chance of reaching our goals in the future. We have heard the old sayings and they are true: “Rome wasn’t built in a day.”, “Patience is a virtue”, and so on.
Have patience, have appreciation of what we already have, and take time to help ourselves be the very best we can. Do these things and we will all reach our goals, but more importantly, we will enjoy our life every day.

Title	Focus on the present
Theme	To (1) ______ our goals, we should focus on what we have and where we are now.
Common (2)______	﹡We do not focus on our present situation. ﹡Most of us see our present situation as a stepping stone to our final destination. ﹡We do not spend the time truly (3)______ where we are today and what we already have in our lives.
(4)______——our job	﹡(5)______ the thought of getting promoted. What we should do is (6)______ our best to do our current job. ﹡to be the best in our current job, we should get further education, work harder than (7)______, stop complaining and (8)______ ourselves to our job.
Conclusion	If we are (9)______, grateful for what we have, and take time to help ourselves be the very best we can, we can not only (10)______ in the future, but also enjoy our life every day.

  [1] Have you ever been in the situation where you really didn’t believe what someone was saying? Did you have a sense that something didn’t ring true or a feeling that all was not right? Perhaps they were saying ‘‘Yes’’ yet their heads were shaking “No”．
[2]  The difference between the words people speak and our understanding of             comes from non-verbal communication, otherwise known as “body language”. Body language includes body movements and gestures(1egs，arms，hands，head and body)，posture，muscle tension，eye contact，skin coloring，even people’s breathing rate and sweat．Additionally，the tone of voice，the rate of speech and the pitch of the voice all add to the words that are being used．
[3]   By developing your awareness of the signs and signals of body language，you can more easily understand other people，and more effectively communicate with them．There are sometimes subtle(微妙的)—and sometimes not so subtle—movements，gestures, facial expressions and even shifts in our whole bodies that indicate something is going on．We have ways of talking，walking，sitting and standing and they all say something about us，and whatever is happening on the inside can be reflected on the outside．
[4]By becoming more aware of this body language and understanding what it might mean，you can learn to read people more easily．This puts you in a better position to communicate effectively with them．What’s more, by increasing your understanding of others，you can also become more aware of the messages that you convey to them．
[5] There are times when we send mixed messages—we say one thing yet our body language reveals something different．This non-verbal language will affect how we act and react to others，and how they react to us．Therefore，in order to communicate more effectively，we should learn the signs and signals of body language correctly．
What is the best title for the passage? (no more than 6 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
Complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 3 words)
Maybe their behaviors didn’t _____________________________ their words.
Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no more than 3 words)
___________________________________________________________________________
What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to ? (no more than 9 words)
___________________________________________________________________________
What should people do in order to communicate effectively with others ? (no more than 10 words)
___________________________________________________________________________

When Should a Leader Apologize and When Not?
Why Difficult?
When we wrong someone we know, even not intentionally, we are generally expected to apologize so as to improve the situation. But when we’re acting as leaders, the circumstances are different. The act of apology is carried out not merely at the level of the individual but also at the level of the institution. It is a performance in which every expression matters and every word becomes part of the public record. Refusing to apologize can be smart, or it can be stupid. So, readiness to apologize can be seen as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness. A successful apology can turn hate into personal and organizational harmony—while an apology that is too little, too late, or too obviously strategic can bring on individual and institutional ruin. What, then, is to be done? How can leaders decide if and when to apologize publicly?
Why Now?
The question of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never been more urgent. During the last decade or so, the United States in particular has developed an apology culture—apologies of all kinds and for all sorts of wrongdoings are made far more frequently than before. More newspaper writers have written about the growing importance of public apologies. More articles, cartoons, advice columns, and radio and television programs have similarly dealt with the subject of private apologies.
Why Bother?
Why do we apologize? Why do we ever put ourselves in situations likely to be difficult, embarrassing, and even risky? Leaders who apologize publicly could be an easy target. They are expected to appear strong and capable. And whenever they make public statements of any kind, their individual and institutional reputations are in danger. Clearly, then, leaders should not apologize often or lightly. For a leader to express apology, there needs to be a good, strong reason. Leaders will publicly apologize if and when they think the costs of doing so are lower than the costs of not doing so.
Why Refuse?
Why is it that leaders so often refuse to apologize, even when a public apology seems to be in order? Their reasons can be individual or institutional. Because leaders are public figures, their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable and even professionally risky. Leaders may also be afraid that admission of a mistake will damage or destroy the organization for which they are responsible. There can be good reasons for hanging tough in tough situations, as we shall see, but it is a high-risk strategy.

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卷上相应题号的横线上。
You want to be confident and feel confident, but what if you're starting with little or no confidence? True self-confidence isn't an overnight acquisition. It takes dedication to realize you are a good human being that is worthy of respect and love.
Recognize your insecurities
What does that voice in the back of your mind say? Why do you feel uncomfortable or ashamed of yourself? This could be anything from regrets to friends at school or negative experience. Whatever is making you feel unworthy, or ashamed, identify it, give it a name, and write it down. You can also tear these written pieces to start feeling positive on those points.
Get rid of insecurities gradually
Each day you should weaken it. There's no quick fix. Get to the root of the problem; focus on it and understand that you need to resolve each issue before you can move on. Check if it is an old past emotion and if it is really still relevant or applicable in your life today. And that does not mean you have to get rid of whatever makes you feel bad (many times, you simply can't). You need to learn to accept yourself, your past, your circumstances as they are, without necessarily thinking of them as “bad”.
Identify your successes
Everyone is good at something, so discover the things at which you do extremely well, then focus on your talents. Give yourself permission to be proud of them. Give yourself credit for your successes. Inferiority (自卑) is a state of mind in which you've declared yourself a victim. Do not allow yourself to be victimized.
Be Positive
Avoid self-pity, or the pity and sympathy of others. Never allow others to make you feel inferior—they can only do so if you let them. If you continue to dislike and look down upon yourself, others are going to do and believe likewise. Instead, speak in a positive way about yourself, about your future, and about your progress. Do not be afraid to show your strengths and qualities to others. By doing so, you strengthen those ideas in your mind and encourage your growth in a positive direction.
Apply “facial feedback theory”
Studies surrounding what’s called the "facial feedback theory" suggest that the expressions on your face can actually encourage your brain to express certain emotions. So look in the mirror and smile every day, and you might feel happier with yourself and more confident in the long run.
Help others
When you know you’re of help to the people around you, and are making a positive difference in other people’s lives (even if it's just being kinder to the person who serves you coffee in the morning), you'll know that you are a positive force in the world—which will boost yourself confidence.
Now, dear friends, will you let confidence keep you company? Be confident, and accomplishing your goals will be just around the corner.
Title: The ways to become confident

Specific ways	Supporting details
Recognizing insecurities	Find out what         you uncomfortable or ashamed, forget it and feel positive.
insecurities gradually	Find out the          of problems, resolve them and learn to accept          you are.
Identifying successes	Find out your talents, take       in them and praise yourself for your successes.
Being positive	Speak         about yourself. Don’t make yourself         by others.
Applying “facial feedback theory”	Look in the mirror and smile to gain more       ____ .
Helping others	Be          to the people around you.
Conclusion Confidence helps people accomplish goals and become worthy to be           and loved.

Blood donation, also called blood banking, is a wonderful thing to do. It is an easy and direct way to contribute to social work and help the community. It helps to save lives and helps those who are in need of blood due to bad condition or the heavy loss of blood during operations or in accidents.
You are able to give or donate blood every three or four month, and it is a great way to make  a huge difference to someone’s life and you can always be proud of it after making valuable contributions to society. Blood donation is not a big problem, but you need to keep a few points in mind.
Before donating blood, make sure that the ferrum (铁) level in your body is high enough and for that you should take a healthy diet. Do not go for blood donation on an empty stomach. You should follow the correct process so that everything goes well. After having a balanced diet you will feel strong and comfortable to donate blood. Afterwards, you will not feel faint or weak.
For required hemoglobin (血红蛋白) in your body, drink lots of juice and other drinks. Fruit juice, such as apple juice is very good for increasing the blood level in your body.
For a good blood flow in your body, drink at least 6-7 glasses of water every day. Completely avoid a day before and after giving blood, taking alcohol (酒). Do not smoke half an hour before giving blood.
When you are going for blood donation, be relaxed, which helps keep the right blood pressure. During the blood donation activity, take a deep breath and try to calm yourself. Don’t join in some other activities.
When you donate blood, you are making the effort to save someone’s life. Blood donation is a very simple and fast process, but you need to take care of yourself after donating blood. Proper care helps to reduce side effects. The following are a few tips that will help you out.
Take a rest for 15 minutes after the donation. It helps you to feel relaxed.
Eat something and drink juice before leaving the blood donation centre. Make sure that you have meals after donating blood. Smoking should be avoided for one hour after the process. Avoid some activities right away, for example, driving.
Finally, be proud of yourself because you have done a great thing in helping to save someone’s life. Blood donation is a very important activity.

Title	Blood donation — an important activity
The (1)      of blood donation	? (2)      to social work and the community ? Helping those people who suffer the loss of (3)      ? Giving yourself a sense of pride
(4)      the donation	? Take a healthy (5)      for a high ferrum level. ? Drink fruit juice for enough hemoglobin. ? Drink at least 6-7 glasses of water daily for a good (6)      of blood. ? (7)    taking alcohol and smoking cigarettes.
During the donation	? Relax and breathe deeply ? Never take (8)      in other activities.
After the donation	? Take a rest. ? Don’t skip (9)     . ? Don’t smoke until one hour later. ? Don’t join in some activities like driving (10)

任务型阅读,请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
ID systems are used as a means for people to prove their identity, as a means of access control, or for many other situations. ID cards also contain a lot more information than simply the name of the holder. All ID cards contain information that is relevant to the institution that released them, so there is no single model that applies to all ID cards.
Different institutions have different rules when it comes to ID cards, and ID cards used by students, in universities, will not have the same security features as those used in the military, for example. The more important the institution is, the more important the security is, and the more security features will be used to prevent duplication(复制) of an ID card.
Anyone with a printer that can print ID cards can duplicate in ID card, if it does not have any security measures. There have been lots of cases, especially in low security institutions, where ID cards have been duplicated and this was not noticed, since the person holding the card usually flashed it when it was requested, and that was not enough to notice that it is a fake.
That may not be extremely important when it is simply a case of a student trying to enter the campus of another university, but it can be of vital importance if it happens in a military institution. Checks in military institutions are much stricter and the personnel checking the card are always trained to spot fakes in a short amount of time.
Some may think that creating an ID card is extremely difficult, but it is not. All it takes is a special printer that can print ID cards, a model and a photo ID. The fact that such printers can be freely ordered online has raised security issues with lots of companies and institutions, and most have decided to either create their own ID cards, or simply use more advanced security features that regular home-users do not have access to. This includes magnetic stripes(磁条), chips, barcodes(条形码),and other methods. This does increase the cost of the card per person, so the total cost of the cards increases based on the number of employees the company has, but it also reduces security risks to a minimum.
So ID systems, as basic as they seem, are an excellent security measure for any institution. To ensure that the IDs look good and function properly, the company that handles the card printing services should be top-class. Trying to save some money by choosing a cheaper provider is not really wise. While some companies offer bonuses for large orders, if the quality provided is not of the highest standard, it is not worth it.

ID systems
Passage outline	Supporting details
______ to ID system	There is not a single model _____ to all ID cards because of different information contained in different ID cards. Different security features are decided by the degree of the ____ of the institutions
Security features of ID cards	With no security measures quite a lot of ______ of ID card duplication have happened. In a military institution ID cards are _____ more strictly
_______ of  ID cards	It is not______ to make ID cards with special printers. Using magnetic stripes, chips and barcodes______ the safety of ID cards.
The author’s advice	_______ basic and simple, ID systems are an excellent security measure. It’s wise to _____ top-class providers or services to ensure ID cards of a fine quality.

It is not easy to find true friends．Even if you’ve connected with someone，how do you really know he is a true friend？And often you will find that someone who you thought you could trust may have let you down．There are ways you can know if a friendship is true and how you can hold onto that friend．
Generally speaking，a true friend is someone who will be there for you no matter what happens．They will stand by you through bad and good times．They will accept you for who you are without trying to change you，and they will be there to help you grow in new ways．
A true friend will keep you secrets for you trust him．They will be honest and be someone you can depend on．They will listen and be someone you can talk things over with，even if they may not have advice to share with you．
However，friendship is a two-way street．To find true friends and keep them，you must in turn be the same as well．Be there for them in their hard times and share the good times with them．Be someone your friends can depend on as well and offer them the same thing they give to you．A friendship will fall apart fast if only one person is giving and putting all the effort．If you are the only one making an effort，be honest and it works．
Actually，there will be barriers in the road but that is the test of true friendship．If it can survive those barriers，it will be stronger and better than ever．Just as St Thomas Aquinas put it，“There is nothing on this earth more prized than friendship．”