[1]Everyone makes mistakes. How do you react when a family member, friend, or a classmate makes a mistake? Some of us may shout out , complain, or punish. Unfortunately, these reactions to mistakes sometimes greatly hurt both sides. In fact, there is a better way to deal with a mistake.
[2]Reframe（重组） "MISTAKE": Change "MISTAKE" into "MIS-TAKE." Doesn’t that have a different feeling? Therefore, a mistake is not so bad as expected. We can learn from it and it is likely to lead to success in the end.
[3]Use mistakes as an opportunity for learning. Most of us want to hide our mistakes, but we may be more willing to share our "MIS-TAKES" and let others learn from them. Either an individual or a family can benefit by openly recognizing and correcting mistakes, rather than pretending that they didn’t happen. In fact, a mistake, if corrected quickly and in a creative way, can become for learning.
[4]Think of mistakes as opportunities to prove yourself. A mistake becomes an opportunity to create a close friend or customer. For example, in business, studies show that one of the things all customers want is recovery when the organization has made a mistake. They want us to apologize sincerely. With creative thinking, we can make them satisfied with the way we deal with a mistake.
[5] We have learned to allow people around us to make mistakes. Now give them “protection” when they make a mistake. If you give people both permission and protection, you will get along well with them. Show them how they can turn a mistake into learning something about themselves so they don’t make the same mistake again.
1. What is the passage mainly about? (no more than 10 words)
2. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)
3.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words.(no more than 4 words)
4. Complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 3 words)
If we think creatively, we are able to make people feel pleased with the way in which a mistake is .
5. Why should you show people how to turn a mistake into learning something about themselves? (no more than 12 words)
A conversation is not a business meeting at work or with your family. It is a personal or informal talk that takes place in the restaurant, in a car or walking on the street on your way to work.
It can make or break a relationship. It can make a career successful. It can make new friends. It can just brighten up another person’s life. It can change the world!
Here are some ways to make a conversation bring meaning to you and others.
Before starting a conversation, be clear about what you want to achieve. Knowing your purpose beforehand allows you to keep your conversation to the point and never get lost out of the way.
Start a topic that is very timely and appropriate. The starting point has to be depending on your relationship with the person you are talking to and the situation the person or both of you are going through. Starting the conversation with the right topic sets the tone that brings both sides at ease.
Come up with something that will make both of you interested. This allows the other person to be drawn more to speak up. Discovering common likes and dislikes opens up a bond (纽带) between two people.
Put yourself in the shoes of the other person. Think how the other person feels at that moment. Feeling how the other person feels helps you to be in his position.
One of the most difficult tasks to do in a conversation is really listening. Do not prepare for what to say while the other person is talking. Do not just keep quiet because you want to give the other person a time to talk. The proof that you really listen is to repeat your understanding of what was said in your own words.
After you have spoken, give the other person a time to talk. There are some people who like to talk about themselves. If you are one of them, try to be less selfish. A conversation is not a monologue (独角戏) or an interview.
Managing a conversation shows the kind of person you are. You do not have to wait for the other person to lead the discussion. You can do this. No matter who you are, if you lead a talk, you make a difference.
| How to make meaningful conversations |
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| Passage outline |
Supporting details |
| A conversation is a personal or informal talk taking place in the |
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| What can a conversation do? |
It can change the world by |
| How can you make a conversation |
Talk with a purpose. Knowing your purpose in |
| Choose a good |
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| Find common interests. Discovering common likes and dislikes opens up a bond between two people, allowing the other person to be drawn more to speak up. |
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| Put yourself in the shoes of the other person. Feeling how the other person feels can |
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| Allow your listener to |
Scientists, doctors and mental health professionals have been studying the connection between colors and mood for years. Many now believe that colors can not only bring about emotional reactions, but can also correct mood. Colors behave in three basic ways: active, passive and neutral (中和的).
Active colors are warm colors, including yellow, orange and red. These colors bring confidence. Warm colors can also bring cheerful attitudes. Yellows and golden colors work well in offices, kitchens and study areas. Reds heat up a room. Passive colors or cool colors make people calm, quiet and satisfied. Bedrooms, private areas and bathrooms are great places for blues and greens. Beige, gray and white are thought of as neutral colors. They help to put the focus on other colors or serve to tone down colors that might otherwise be overpowering on their own.
You can easily change the look or feel of a room by making good use of different colors. Mixing and matching colors is an excellent way to balance color and emotion, and provide a welcoming feel for guests.
To create a feeling of warmth and comfort in a room, use bright, warm colors like yellow, orange and red. These colors are good choices for rooms that appear cool due to limited sunlight. Yellow adds cheerfulness to dull rooms. You can add yellows to rooms which are not closely related to happy thoughts, such as kitchens and laundry room. In rooms where there's plenty of sunshine, cool colors can provide a calming environment. Sage greens and sky blues are perfect for bedrooms, playrooms and activity areas. Neutral colors, such as pale gray, white and beige, send a peaceful message to your brain. It's not a coincidence that most doctor's offices, coffee shops and mental health centers are decorated in neutrals.
To make your wall color choices better, pick out furniture that will provide a visual contrast. Cool colors make a room seem larger than it is and warm colors make rooms feel smaller.
Title: The ____________ between colors and mood
| Commonly believed effects of colors |
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| active colors ●bringing |
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| passive colors ●making people calm, quiet and bringing people more |
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| neutral colors ●helping to put the focus on other colors or tone down |
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| ●using bright, warm colors to make a ●using cool colors to create a calming environment in a bright room ●using |
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| Tips on picking out furniture |
Picking out furniture that will give a visual contrast to |
Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.
Mozart was born 1_____________January 27, 1756 and died on December 5, 1791. When he was three, he often had lessons with his elder sister. His father took him to many different countries 2.__________ he played music for lots of people.3._ ___, some people didn’t believe that a little boy could write wonderful music. They asked him to stay in a room all by himself for a week and somebody watched 4._________ room all the time. In the week, he finished a new piece 5.____________music. After that, people believed that he could write beautiful music. Mozart died when he was still a young man. 6.____ _______ his short life, he studied music and taught music, played music and wrote music. Even by working 7.________ hard, he couldn’t make much money. Often he had to borrow money 8_________ his friends. But his music made him happy and for more than two hundred years his music has made other people happy, too.
(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Smith: Mary, have you got the result of the exam?
Mary: No. How is it?
Smith: Terrible. It seems that only half of the students passed the final exam.
Mary: Really? The exam _ been very difficultthis time.
Smith: Well, I’m really (surprise) too. There are many students who definitely didn’t fail. According to Carl, there are eight boys in his class who failed,
(include) himself and Gorge.
Mary: Oh! Gorge is of the top students in the college. What about his sister, Catherine? Did she pass?
Smith: Oh, yes. It seems that she (get) good marks.
Mary: That’s (absolute) unbelievable! Gorge was
much better student than his sister, and has been working so hard for the last few months.
Smith: It seems (fair), doesn’t it? But, from
I’ve heard, perhaps he worked too hard. He was ill during the week of the exam.
Mary: Oh, I see. These things happen, sometimes. I suppose the teacher will take his illness into account and give him a pass.
Smith: Well, there is a rumor going around the head of the Department is leaving.
Mary: Because of the bad result, you mean?
Smith: Well, I suppose so. I’m not sure. Maybe Mr. Dustin is going to be the new Department Head.
The reason why science exists is to improve our lives. Sometimes science can ruin our small guilty pleasures we nature to be happier, though. These four little truths are just some of those.
Sleeping with pets is a good way to catch the plague(瘟疫), or some other bacterial infections, as is claimed in the study done in February 2011 in Emerging Infectious Diseases magazine. The study shares a case of a nine-year-old boy whose cat caught the plague and gave it to its owners while they were sharing a bed. A regular visit to the vet can greatly reduce the risk of your pet catching any disease that may infect the owner as well.
A recent study done on 200,000 people has shown that vitamin supplements do nothing to improve our lives, and what is worse—they actively increase our death risk. This conclusion from 2010 was so unbelievable that it made researchers do even more studies. Each study had the same result. People who choose vitamin supplements over fruit and vegetables are the same as people who choose to eat a burger over a healthy salad.
People who use the solarium(日光浴室)experience certain changes to their brains that are very similar to many caused by drug addiction. According to a study, our brain can in fact recognize the difference between the natural UV light and the solarium.
Long exposure to artificial light during the night is directly linked to a higher risk of breast cancer, obesity and depression. Exposure to artificial light before sleeping disturbs the natural biorhythms(生物节奏)of our bodies, which leads to restriction on the hormone(荷尔蒙)melatonin, which is the hormone that helps us fall asleep.
| Title: Four scientific |
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| Passage outline |
Supporting details |
| Sharing bed with your pet is a terrible idea |
*You will probably be infected with *To reduce such risk, you should take your pet to visit the vet |
| Be |
Vitamin supplements actively increase the risk of |
| You can become |
The solarium may bring about changes to the |
| |
*You are likely to *The natural biorhythms of your bodies will be disturbed and you will find it not |
Chinese parents are very generous when it comes to educating their children. Not caring about the money, parents often send their children to the best schools or even abroad to England, the US or Australia. They also want their children to take extra-course activities where they will either learn a musical instrument or ballet, or other classes that will give them a head start in life. The Chinese believe that the more expensive an education is, the better it is. So parents will spend unreasonable amount of money on education. Even poor couples will buy computers for their sons or daughters.
However, what most parents fail to see is that the best education they can give to their children is usually very cheap.
Parents can see that their children’s skills vary, skilled in some areas while poor in others. What most parents fail to realize though, is that today’s children lack self-respect and self-confidence.
The reasons are that parents are only educating their children on how to take multiple-choice tests and how to study well, but parents are not teaching them the most important skills: they need to be confident, happy and clever.
Parents can achieve this by teaching practical skills like cooking, sewing and doing other housework.
Teaching a child to cook will improve many of the skills that he will need later in life. Cooking demands patience and time. It is an enjoyable but difficult experience. A good cook always tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and gradually finish his job successfully. His result, a well-cooked dinner, will give him much satisfaction and a lot of confidence. These activities are not only teaching a child to work, but rather to think, and to use his mind. And that is more important.
请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后的空格内填入最恰当的单词. 每空格1个单词，不得用文章中的单词。
A scientist once said that studying the stars from the earth is something like looking up at the sky from the bottom of a swimming pool. Even on the clearest night the earth’s dense atmosphere will dim stars in the sky as it screens out (遮挡) 30 percent of their light. Air turbulence (湍流) causes stars to winkle. Through a telescope, the stars seem to jump around dizzily.
Because the moon has no atmosphere, astronomers are looking forward to setting up an observatory there. On the moon, there will be no clouds to obscure the view. The sky will appear dark at all times, so astronomers can work twenty-four hours a day. Because there is not air turbulence, the stars will steady through a telescope.
Because the moon is relatively near the earth, moon-based astronomers will see the stars in familiar patterns known on earth. They will not need new star maps of the sky. Stars seen from the moon will appear to move very slowly. Because the earth rotates (自转) on its axis once every twenty-four hours, earth-based astronomers see the stars hurry across the sky each night. The moon rotates on its axis only once a month. To astronomers on the moon, the stars will appear to stand almost still. Moon-based astronomers will have much more time to focus their telescopes and take time ---exposure photographs.
On the earth, man-made radio noises jam the airwaves and interfere with the reception of radio signals from certain stars. A radio telescope located on the far side of the moon will be permanently protected from such interference.
It won’t be easy to put telescopes on the moon. However, astronomers are certain the job can be done. They are convinced that the moon is an ideal place to set up an observatory.
Title : The Reasons for establishing an observatory on the moon
| Main Comparison |
Context |
| Different |
There is very |
| On the earth, air turbulence causes stars to twinkle like |
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| Different |
On the moon, the sky will seem to be in |
| Because of clouds, there is a |
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| Different |
Earth-based astronomers see stars move very |
| Stars are seen on the moon to move at a very low |
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| In contrast |
The moon is |
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
注意：每空格一个单词。
Some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society. We should return to the old traditions of family and community, and then we will have a better life. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion?
In this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes. While people traditionally prioritize(区分优先次序) caring, sharing and generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned.
Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life. They say that it is a jungle out there. To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy. Obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas. In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues. We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct. It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences.
In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary. In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned(谴责) then. But we cannot ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern twins.
Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them? There is no fixed answer either. Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite. But I personally think that people should not be too selfish. Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship.
In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.
Title: Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish?
| Main comparisons |
Contexts |
| |
In the past people put caring, sharing and generosity in the (2)_________ place. |
| Nowadays, people seem to be more (3)_________ about themselves. |
|
| |
People in the past appeared to be modest and self-effacing(谦让). |
| People may strive to achieve their own (5)_________, even at the price of their coworkers. |
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| The author’s understanding |
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| (6)_________ for the changes in author’s eyes |
Fierce (7)_________ and great (8)_________ on modern people may be responsible for the changes. |
| The author’s (9)_________ towards topic |
A relationship which can (10)_________ both sides should be established. |
Things You Should Insist on No Matter What People Say
Life can get pretty crazy at times． Happiness is dependent upon ourselves，and there are some things in life you should always insist on doing，no matter what others have to say about it．Here is a list of some things you should always do．
1．Learn from your mistakes
No matter what people say，you will make mistakes in your life．Life is a learning process in itself．Some people will make you feel bad about your mistakes，or insult you for making them． Accept your mistakes fully and really figure out what went wrong．
2．Embrace change and creativity
A popular proverb is，“You cannot solve a problem in the same state of consciences that created it．” Change and creativity are vital in today’s world．Things are always changing，so why should we be any different?
3．Appreciate what you have This can take away from our happiness．Sometimes you just need to sit back and be happy about where your life is right now，and what you have to show for it. Sure people might tell you it’s not good enough，but don’t listen to them．It is good enough，and it gives you a sense of pride when you can enjoy the things you already have in life．
4．Listen to your heart
Sometimes you just need to follow your instincts and do what your heart tells you. There are some situations，like relationships，that rely more on your heart than on your head．People will surely tell you differently，but you should always insist on listening to what you want and feel. Again，you are the one who lives with your choices，and you are the one that has to live with the“what ifs．”
More and more scientific experiments prove that physical exercise can reduce the dangers of some illnesses in middle-aged persons．Exercise strengthens the heart muscle，reduces blood pressure and help to prevent muscles from changing into fat．Physical exercise is just as important for children．
Exercise and food affect growing speed in young lab animals．Baby mice start running as soon as they are big enough to use an exercise wheel in their cage．If they get extra food and run a lot，they will grow as much as 1.5 times bigger than normal．
The same differences in growing speed might be found between active and inactive children．Physical exercise helps active children grow faster than inactive children．One experiment shows that the brains of the mice that had enough exercise weighed about 3％more than those of the mice that did not exercise The mice that exercised are much quicker to learn doing new exercise than the mice that did not exercise．
The results of the experiments suppose the theory that exercise can help babies learn to talk and walk sooner than expected．
The good effects of physical exercise are not limited to children and middle-aged people．Exercise continues to be an important part of our lives after we grow old．For example，people over 50 years old begin to lose calcium(钙) from their bones，which get weaker and can break easily．Physical exercise，however，helps to strengthen the bones and to prevent them from losing calcium．Of course，old people can take medicines to prevent themselves from suffering from losing calcium．But the medicines they take increase the chance of developing some kind of cancer(癌)．So physical exercise is a much safer treatment(治疗)．
根据短文内容完成下列表格，一空一词。
| Title |
Physical exercise |
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| Theme |
Physical exercise does |
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| of experiments |
·Baby mice will be as much as 1.5 times bigger than normal on ·The brains of the mice that had enough exercise were |
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| |
Children |
·Helping active children grow faster than inactive children. ·Being |
| The middle-aged |
· ·Reducing blood pressure . ·Preventing muscles from changing into fat. |
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| Old people |
·Helping the old people’s bones get · |
第一节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A group of frogs were traveling through the woods, and two of them fell into a deep pit. When the other frogs saw_____ deep the pit was, they told the two frogs that they were as good as
_____ (die). The two frogs ignored the comments and tried to jump up out of the pit with all their might. The other frogs kept telling them to stop. Finally, one of the frogs heard what the other frogs
________ (say) and gave up, so he died.
The other frog went on ______ (jump) as hard as he could to get out. Once again, the other frogs cried at him and told him to stop and just allow
____ to die, but he jumped even
______ (hard) and finally made himself out. When he was out, the other frog explained to them that something was wrong with his hearing. He thought they were encouraging him
_____ whole time.
There is power of life and death in the tongue. An _______ (encourage) word to someone
_____ is down can lift him or her up and help them make it
_____ the day, while bad words can rob another of the spirit to go on in difficult times. Be careful of what you say.
认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸相应题号的横线上。
Cheating is common in various kinds of exams in college. Students don’t feel shame to cheat in exams. They know that if caught cheating in an exam, the punishment will not be serious. This leads to frequent cheating in exams.
At the University of Nevada, after students photographed test questions with their cellphone cameras, transmitted them to classmates outside the exam room and got the answers back in text messages, the university put in place a new monitoring system.
With their electronic tools, students these days find it easier to cheat. So college officials find themselves in a new game of cat and mouse, trying to gain an advantage over would-be cheats this exam season with a range of strategies—cutting off Internet access from laptops, or demanding the surrender of cellphones before tests.
Mr. Dapremont said technology had made cheating easier, but added that plagiarism（剽窃）in writing papers was probably a bigger problem because students can easily lift other people’s writings off the Internet.
Still, some students said they thought cheating these days was more a product of an attitude, not the tool at hand. Pressure to succeed sometimes clouds everything and makes people do things that they shouldn’t do. Students today feel more pressure to do well in order to graduate from school and secure a job.
Whatever the reasons for cheating, college officials say the battle against it is wearing them out. First, people who cheat in exams will lose interest in studying. Second, they believe studying isn’t meaningful. Even though they don’t do anything, they can still pass. Third, people who cheat in exams will influence others. Plenty of hardworking people will see that their results are lower than people who cheat in exams. Thus, we must prevent cheating in exams. We reduce the opportunities for cheating in exams.
The vast majority of Americans still believe that honesty is an important part of the American character. For that reason, there are numerous watchdog committees at all level of society. Although signs of dishonesty in school, business, and government seem much more numerous in recent years than in the past, could that because we are getting better at revealing such dishonesty?
Many educators feel that as students gain confidence in themselves and their abilities, they are less likely to cheat. Surprisingly, some efforts to prevent cheating may actually encourage cheating—a person may feel “ they don’t trust me anyway”, and be tempted to “ beat the system”. Distrust can be contagious（可传染的）. But, so can trust.
Title: Cheating in exams in college
| Facts |
◇ Cheating in exams is common in college. ◇ Students don’t take cheating in exams as 1 behaviour. |
| Means of cheating and plagiarism |
◇ Use 2 . ◇ Surf the Internet. |
| 3 for cheating |
◇ Cheats are not 4 seriously. ◇ The latest technology makes it 5 for students to cheat. ◇ Heavy pressure makes students want to do well so as to ensure 56 and a job. |
| 7 of cheating |
◇ People will become 8 in studying. ◇ People will believe studying doesn’t make 9 . ◇ People cheating in exams will influence others negatively. |
| Solution |
Educators and students should 10 each other. |
认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。
Modern science proves that a healthy lifestyle matters much to how long you can live and how well you live. Here are some tips for you to form a healthy lifestyle.
Keep in mind that sugar can be removed from our diet completely. Over intake (摄入量) of sugar is one of the main reasons for getting fat. Over intake of protein or fat and low intake of fiber can also lead to getting fat. We only need a few grams of protein to keep our body in order.
There is a relationship between the mood and health. A good mood keeps you in high spirits. Thanks to the Internet, we can enjoy and learn much without going out. Take a look at some online shops and pick up some bargains, enjoy music and movies and chat with good friends. Just keep happy.
Two studies show the reasons why teens and adults don't have enough sleep. With teens, a major reason is mobile phone use; with adults, it's work. Meanwhile, a third study of young children shows that lack of sleep in early life may lead to serious problems in future. Everyone needs at least 8-hour sleep to recover from tiredness and the hurt caused by hard work in the daytime.
Do exercise to keep away from fatness. Because of the quick pace of the modern life, you don't have time to do exercise every day, but at least three times a week and 45 minutes each time.
| Keep a scientific |
●Taking in too much ●Having protein or fat. |
| Be always in a good |
Relationship between the mood and health ●A good mood keens you in high |
| Enough sleep. |
Factors affecting people's sleep ●Teens don't sleep enough because of mobile phone use while adults because of ●In order to recover, we need at least an |
| Proper exercise. |
●Exercise prevents us from being ●We need to exercise at least three times a week and three |
If you are worried about things and are under a lot of stress at work or school, then you are probably not sleeping well. Worry can keep you awake, tossing(翻来覆去) and turning in bed until the early hours of the morning when you eventually fall asleep. When you wake up, you don’t feel refreshed, but tired and worn out and unable to face a new day.
Dr. Henry Winkle, in a recent newspaper article entitled Stress and Sleep, indicates that . Dr. Winkle says, “The more we worry, the less we sleep, the more we are unable to deal with stress. If we can find a way to get a good night’s sleep,” he adds, “we can often find the energy to deal with what’s worrying us.”
So, what is a good night’s sleep? Research shows that the amount of sleep which people need in order to keep healthy varies a lot. Seven hours is about average amount, though strangely enough, sleeping longer often gives you a headache instead of making you feel more refreshed.
Dr. Winkle believes that preparing for sleeping is important. People who work late should try to give themselves a short break and do something restful before going to bed. This could be watching TV or listening to music. Doing some exercise earlier in the day should help you to feel physically as well as mentally tired. A bedtime drink can also help, but coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake. “When you put the light out,” Dr. Winkle says, “concentrate on relaxing your muscles, working slowly up from your feet, and you’ll be asleep before you know it.”What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 5 words)
Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
People shouldn’t go to sleep immediately but should take a break after working late in the night.
Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words)
Someone says that the longer you sleep, the better you feel. Try to find an argument from the passage against the idea. (Please answer within 15 words)
Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese.
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