高中英语阅读填空

阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在文后小题的空格里填上适当的单词或短语。注意：每空不超过3个单词。
Host family accommodation, or living with host families, remains popular among language travel students for its unique advantages. These days, host families are trying to offer more in terms of quality, for they have something to worry about.
Host family accommodation is often seen as the number-one choice for its advantages in language study, cultural communication and cost of living. Staying alongside host families enables students to get enough practice for the time of their studying so that their language acquisition is likely to become faster. Living in host families also has the advantage for students of being able to spend a lot of time communicating with their “host parents”, and get to know the local way of life, people and culture. Another advantage is that host family accommodation can sometimes be the least expensive. It attracts students for it ensures them a family of living at a low cost.
The advantages, however, have not prevented host families from worrying. On one hand, some host families are losing their unique selling point. The problem is that the majority of hosts in big cities, now generally single and young, have less time available for students, but the selling point for host family accommodation is communication practice. On the other, students’ expectations have risen. They are becoming more demanding and asking for more than ever from their accommodation, as they come mainly from high socio-economic groups in their own countries.
To get out of the difficult situation, host families are now making efforts to improve the quality of service. They are trying to m make living conditions better, including broadband Internet service, private bathroom, and access to plenty of hot water for long shower. They are also proving students with structured family activities.
It is believed that host family accommodation will keep the popularity vote language travel students.
Title:       Family Accommodation

Theme	Host families are improving the accommodation quality
___________	1）Language study	________________
2）Cultural communication	(1) _________________
(2) Knowing the local way of life, people and culture
3） _______________	Being least expensive sometimes
__________	1）Loss of selling point	Hosts’ having less time for students
2） _______________	Students’ becoming more demanding
___________	Service quality improvement	(1) _________________
(2) Organizing structured family activities
___________	Host family accommodation will keep the popularity vote with students.

“We see lots of adults being diagnosed as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (多动症) around age 38,” says Timothy Widens, MD, an professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. “That’s right around the time people start doing more-tasks, juggling jobs, families, a home, and other personal duties，” he says.
But not everyone who slacks on work or forgets appointments has ADHD; there are plenty of other reasons you may be losing attentions. Here are five things that could be sucking your attention span dry.
1. Technology overload
Your computer, cell phone, and iPod all compete for your attention—no wonder you're distracted(心烦意乱)! To a certain point, your brain can act as secretary, keeping you organized and helping with time management. But the more tasks you try to do, the harder it is for you to stay focused on any single task, research shows. Learning basic organizational skills, like writing down responsibilities and maintaining a day planner, can help reduce these problems. So take a break from constant television, Internet, and email floods
2. Lack of sleep
If you’re missing out on enough shut-eye—most likely seven to eight hours a night—you’re probably easy-angry, dealing with mind fog, and have difficulty addressing daily tasks. That’s a normal reaction, says Dr. Widens.
3. Poor job satisfaction
Sure, everyone’s unhappy at work from time to time—maybe your customer presentation failed or your boss gave you a poor performance review. And if a disorganized working environment or a boring project make it difficult to focus, that's completely normal. But if you find that you often can't complete projects，you probably need medical attention, or a new job.
4. Too much stress
Stress takes side affects on concentration. Researchers at the University of Madison found that the relaxation technique can add to your ability to focus on your mind. Another study, from researchers at UCLA, suggests that in adults with ADHD, meditation improves attention and eases symptoms of anxiety and depression.
5. Too little exercise
Mounting evidence suggests that regular exercise can keep your mind sharp and increase learning and memory ability. It’s even more important in adults with ADHD. ” My patients who exercise all report that they see improvement in attention,” says Dr. Widens. Working up a sweat can also help you burn off the extra energy that causes you to feel uncomfortable, and it can help you sleep better at night.
Hopefully after you understand these helpful methods, you become more attentive on what you are doing.

Reasons that You Lose
Passage outline	Supporting details
The    of the passage	To tell us we can improve our concentration by following the five things.
Technology overload	Your computer, cell phone, and iPod all compete for your attention—no wonder you're distracted! So       yourself away from constant television, Internet, and email inundation— just for a break.
Lack of sleep	If you’re missing out on enough shut-eye, you are         to be easy-angry, dealing with mind fog, and have difficulty solving daily tasks.
Poor job	Everyone’s unhappy at work from time to time. When      in a disorganized environment or on a boring project, you find it difficult for you to complete projects.
Too much stress	Stress takes side effects on concentration. Relaxing yourself can      your ability to focus on your mind.
Too little exercise	Mounting evidence suggests that regular exercise can keep your mind sharp and increase learning and memory     .
	After      these helpful methods, you are wished to be more attentive on what you are doing.

认真阅读短文，根据所读内容在下面表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格1个单词，不得用原文中的单词。
Traditionally，customers may consider more about what they buy the product for．However，the image of product and the consuming circumstance have become the key points to attract customer awareness（意识） and stimulate （刺激）their buying needs．Frequently，customers buy goods just because they are cute，lovely and unique．With a less emphasis on functional utilities，the experience and imaginative space are placed into an increasingly important role．The image of product is emphasized，as well as the communication between products and consumers．“Customer behavior，which appears to be focused and directed at the object and at pleasure，in fact responds to quite different objectives：displaced expression of desire，and the production of a code of social values through the use of differential signs”(Baudrillard)．The reason for image—oriented customer behavior is probably that customers’lifestyle has been continuously virtualized by paying much attention to“Virtual Reality”．The evidences can be traced from computer games and Hollywood movies，in which customers’preference for fleeing reality is perfectly matched．
This change requires US to take efforts to enhance product image by
integrating style，color，taste，shape and material，and communicate with customers creatively，imaginatively and innovatively，and enable them to enjoy the distinctive experience image brings．“A need is not a need for a particular object as much as it is a‘need’for difference”(Baudrillard)．The typical example is Apple Computer’S IMAC，which has strong visual impact and outstanding dynamics．By this way，customer relationship can be set up through image，and brand can be treated as living that can transform people．Other examples commonly used are Disney Fairyland and Las Vegas，where new experience and imagination are fully demonstrated．In sum，consumption is negotiation，a never ending conversation held in the languages of advertising，packaging，branding，fashion,and entertainment．
More Attention to the Image of Product

Main comparisons	Contexts
Different aspects ________  about by people when they are shopping．	In the past，people think more about the ______of the goods．
People today are more easily _____by the ______  of product and the buying atmosphere．
Different _______to promote sales	Traditionally，producers may focus more on the functional utilities of goods．
Nowadays．product image should be______ and there should be more effective_______with customers．
More details worth noticing
The _______for image- centered behaviour	Influenced by computer games and Hollywood movies，people’s ______ is virtualized．
are given to prove the’importance of image	Apple Computer’s IMAC，Disney Fairyland， Las Vegas

 
__________      __________    __________     __________      __________ 
__________      __________    _________    __________      __________

An Extension of the Human Brain

Other people can help us compensate for our mental and emotional deficiencies (欠缺)，much as a wooden leg can compensate for a physical deficiency. To be exact, other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions. When another person helps us in such ways, he or she is participating in what I've called a "social prosthetic (义肢的）system." Such systems do not need to operate face-to-face, and it's clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems. It's already a big bank of many minds. Even in its current state, the Internet has extended my memory and judgment.

Regarding memory: Once I look up something on the Internet, I don't need to keep all the details for future use-I know where to find that information again and can quickly and easily do so. More generally, the Internet functions as if it were my memory. This function of the Internet is particularly striking when I'm writing; I'm no longer comfortable writing if I'm not connected to the Internet. It's become natural to check facts as I write, taking a minute or two to dip into PubMed, Wikipedia, or other websites.

Regarding judgment: The Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large. For example, when I'm writing a textbook, it has become second nature to check a dozen definitions of a key term, which helps me dig into the core and understand its meaning. But more than that, I now regularly compare my views with those of many others. If I have a " new idea," I now quickly look to see whether somebody else has already thought of it, or something similar-and I then compare what I think with what others have thought. This certainly makes my own views clearer. Moreover, I can find out whether my reactions to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.

These effects of the Internet have become even more striking since I've begun using a smartphone. I now regularly pull out my phone to check a fact, watch a video, read weibo. Such activities fill the spaces that used to be dead time (such as waiting for somebody to arrive for a lunch meeting).

But that's the upside (好处).The downside is that in those dead periods I often would let my thoughts flow and sometimes would have an unexpected insight or idea. Those opportunities are now fewer and farther between.

An Extension of the Human Brain
A prosthetic nature	荫 ●The (71) ▲can help make up for our mental and emotional deficiencies as a wooden leg can compensate for a bodily deficiency. • ●It (72) ▲in our daily events, extending our intelligence, comprehending our feelings, and expanding the range of social activities.
Wonderful aspects: memory and judgment	• ●On the Internet, we could quickly and easily locate the details, and check facts, without (73) ▲them in mind.
	•   ●The Internet makes us smarter over (74) ▲kinds of things. It provides a dozen definitions of a key term for us to find the (75)               ▲of the matter. • ●The Internet enables us to exchange ideas with many others to (76)    ▲our claims, and to (77) ▲our actions.
The (78) ▲sides of smartphones	• ●Smartphones make it easier and more (79) ▲to check reality, watch video clips, read weibo.
	• ●Smartphones (80) ▲the possibility for new and insightful minds, and steal away our dead time.

Returning a father's love
He was a single father, raising a 5-year-old boy by himself. He was often worried about his son，growing up without a mother to care for him.

      One day, he went away on business, leaving the childalone. He worried about the child all the way, not knowing if he

had eaten. But his child always told him not to worry. He went
home after he finished his work.
When he got home, the child was deep asleep. He was
tired out. He was about to sleep when he was surprised to find
an overturned（翻倒） bowl of noodles under the quilt（被子）.
He hit his sleeping son angrily ,”Why are you so careless , making the quilt dirty ? Who will wash it ?” It was the first time that he had hit his boy after his wife’s death. “Sorry, but ....” the child explained with tears in his eyes , “This is your supper ,Daddy .” In order to let his father eat dinner the moment he got home , the child prepared two bowls of noddles : one for himself , the other for his father . He was afraid that his father’s noodles would get cold , so he placed them under the quilt .
Hearing this , the father hugged his boy tightly without saying a word .
根据短文内容填空，每空填一词。
The father often              about his son because the son's mother was_________ .
The_________ cooked the noodles and put them under the quilt to keep them_________ .
When the father _________ an overturned bowl of noodles under the quilt , he got __________ .
After             what his son explained, the father felt__________
The boy was so             , but he knew how to__________his father's love.

Many people think a telephone is a necessity. But I think it is of great harm and a time waste. Very often you find it impossible to escape from it. If you have a telephone in your own house, you will admit that it tends to ring when you least want it to ring: when you are asleep or in the middle of a meal or a conversation, or when you are just going out, or when you are in your bath. Are you strong-minded enough to ignore it? You are not. You think there may be some important news or message for you. I can assure you that if a message is really important it will reach you sooner or later. Have you ever gone to answer a telephone in a hurry from the bath, or from the table, or from the bed, only to be told that you are a wrong number?
But you will say, you need not have your name printed in the telephone directory, and you can have a telephone which is only usable for outgoing calls. Besides, you will say, isn’t it important to have a telephone in case of sudden emergency---illness, accident, or fire? Of course, you are right, but here in a thickly populated country like England one is seldom far from a telephone in case of dreadful necessity.
I think perhaps I had better try to justify myself by trying to prove that what I like is good. I admit that in different circumstances---if I were a wealthy and powerful businessperson, for instance, or badly ill and had to lie in bed. I might find a telephone a necessity. But then if I were a taxi-driver I should find a car a necessity. Let me put it another way: there are two things for which the English seem to show particular talent: one is mechanical invention, the other literature. My own business happens to be with the use of words but I see I must now stop using them. For I have had just been handed a piece of paper to say that somebody is waiting to speak to me on the telephone. I think I had better answer it. After all, one never knows, it may be something important.

Title: The 
Different    towards it	Many people: It is        when one wants to make a call, especially in time of emergency. The author: It can         time and even be        . Not everyone,        a businessperson or a sick person who has to stay in bed, needs it.
Problems with it	It        to ring when one doesn’t want it to ring. Almost         can ignore it even if they want to. One          to answer it only to find that he is a wrong number. Anyway, one has to answer it, because it may be something   .

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空一词。
How old is “old”? The answer has changed over the years. Two hundred years ago, you were old at 35. That was the average life expectancy (平均寿命) then. At the turn of the 20th century, as medical knowledge advanced, the average life span increased to 45. In 1950, 70-year-olds were really old. Today, a healthy 70-year-old is looking forward to many more active years.
So, how old is “old”? The answer is one you've heard many times, from all sorts of people. “You are as old (or young) as you feel. The calendar simply tells you how many years you have lived. Your body tells you how well you've lived.”
“Youth,” wrote an unknown author, “is not a time of life—it is a state of mind. Nobody grows old by living a number of years; people grow old by deserting their ideals.”
Old is a point of view. Alice Brophy, when she was with the New York City Commission for the Aging, said, “It annoys (让人心烦) me when people say, ‘Gee, you look young for your age.’ What does that mean? Is there some model that you ought to look a certain way at 65 and 75 and 85? You know you can die old at 30 and live young at 80.”
Gray Myths (荒诞的说法)
There are many myths about aging. These myths stereotype (使……有成见) people on the basis of age. Here are some of the more common myths and the facts.
Myth: Most older people are in poor health.
Fact: Not so. There are neither biological nor physiological reasons to connect poor health with growing older. Older people are more likely to be affected with illness and physical disabilities than you are, but old age itself is not a disease. It is possible to remain physically fit throughout your life.
Myth: When you get old, you become senile (衰老).
Fact: Older minds can be as bright as young minds. Senility is a sign of disease; it is not part of the normal aging process. In a 1985 study of men ages 20; 40; 60 and 80 years, no evidence was found to indicate that aging was connected with an avoidable drop in intellectual (智力的) performance in generally healthy people.
Myth: Older people are rigid, unable to change?
Fact: Older people are as different in their life-styles and action as are young and middle-aged people. Despite the large pressure they deal with—death of loved ones or job, financial, and family problems—they deal with very well. Older people give up smoking and break other bad habits just as successfully as younger people.
Title: Standards about __________ Age

The average life span has _________ as medical knowledge has been _________.	time	the ________ life span
200 years ago	35 years old
in 1900	_________ years old
in 1950	70 years old
today	_________ 70 years old
Gray Myths and _________
Myths	Facts
When you get old, you will ________ poor health.	Older people are more likely to be affected with illness than younger people.
When you get old, you become senile.	Senility is a sign of disease, which might     happen in different sorts of ________.
Older people are rigid, unable to change.	Older people can deal with the large ______very well and break bad habits just as successfully as younger people.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ____1____ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears____2____ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ____3____gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ____4____ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ____5____ (easy) see them.

But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ____6____ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades ____7____ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ____8___ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ____9___(connect) between uniforms and school performance.

School uniforms are ___10_____ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

ㅤXiao long bao（soup dumplings），those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers，encasing hot，（1）＿＿＿＿（taste）soup and sweet，fresh meat，are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one，you have to decide whether（2）＿＿＿＿（bite）a small hole in it first，releasing the stream and risking a spill（溢出），（3）＿＿＿＿to put the whole dumpling in your mouth，letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai maybe the （4）＿＿＿＿（recognize）home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao's birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently﹣more dumpling and less soup，and the wrappers are pressed （5）＿＿＿＿hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside，the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin，allowing them （6）＿＿＿＿（lift）out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of （7）＿＿＿＿（they）contents. The meat should be fresh with （8）＿＿＿＿ touch of sweetness and the soup hot，clear and delicious.

ㅤNo matter where I buy them，one steamer is （9）＿＿＿＿（rare）enough，yet two seems greedy，so I am always left （10）＿＿＿＿ （want）more next time.

For thousands of years，people have told fables （寓言）（1）　 　（teach） a lesson or to pass on wisdom.Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures，and the well﹣known Aesop's fables date to the（2）　 　（six） century B.C.Yet，the form of the fable still has values today，（3）　 　 Rachel Carson says in " A Fable for Tomorrow. "

Carson uses a simple，direct style common to fable.In fact，her style and tone （口吻） are seemingly directed at children. "There was once a town in the heart of America，（4）　 　all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings，" her fable begins，（5）　 　（borrow） some familiar words from many age ﹣ old fables.Behind the simple style，however，is a serious message （6）　 　（intend） for everyone.

（7）　 　（difference） from traditional fables，Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.She warns of the environmental dangers facing society，and she teaches that people must take responsibility（8）　 　saving their environment.

The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life.However，Carson's theme is a more weighty（9）　 　（warn） about environmental destruction.Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still （10）　 　（employ） today to draw attention to important truths.

Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure，and they have diverse 11 （idea）．Dreams might be a side effect of memory making．When you sleep，your brain sorts through everything 12 happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it 13 （connect） things，your brain tums them into a story，and you get a dream．

After reading the passage below ， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word ， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other blanks ， use one word that best fits each blank.

Millions of Baby Olive Ridley Turtles Emerge in Orissa

   Nature is full of wonders． In （1） 　      　is one of the most breathtaking sights in nature， millions of baby Ridley turtles broke out of their eggshells under the sand at one of their mass nesting grounds in coastal Orissa． The baby turtles started their journey towards the Bay of Bengal （2） 　      　they emerged from their nest in the southern district of Ganjam， about 175 km from Bhubaneshwar．

   Orissa is the home to three mass nesting sites of the Oliver turtles， a species （3） 　      　（threaten） with extinction， and one of the sites， Gahirmatha，（4） 　      　around 70 to 80 million turtles lay eggs on the beach every year， is considered one of the world's largest nesting sites．

   The female turtles drag （5） 　      　up the beach from the sea， dig a nest， lay at least one hundred eggs， cover and conceal their eggs and nest， and then return to the sea． The females never visit the nest again to take care of the eggs that （6） 　      　（deposit） in the warm sand．

   The baby turtles emerge from the eggs after 45 60 days， then the babies grow without their mother， which is a rare phenomenon in nature， Interestingly， it is on the same beach where they were born （7） 　      　the females lay their eggs．

In the recent years， sea erosion has led to many turtles' nest （8） 　      　（damage） or destroyed． Also， some fierce animals such as dogs and birds （9） 　      　（reduce） the number of nesting turtles． And of course man has also had a negative impact （10）

　      　using engine﹣powered fishing boats near the turtles' nesting grounds．

Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.

People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36   Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.

There are three main types of cryptography. 37   For example, the first letters of "My elephant eats too many eels" Spell out the hidden message "Meet me."

38   You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let's number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message "Meet me" would read "13 5 20 13 5."

A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example "bridge" might stand for "meet" and "out" might stand for "me." The message "bridge out" would actually mean "Meet me." 40    However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.

A．	It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B．	In any language, some letters are used more than others.
C．	Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D．	As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E．	You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F．	With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G．	Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

Things You Should Insist on No Matter What People Say
Life can get pretty crazy at times．  Happiness is dependent upon ourselves，and there are some things in life you should always insist on doing，no matter what others have to say about it．Here is a list of some things you should always do．
1．Learn from your mistakes
No matter what people say，you will make mistakes in your life．Life is a learning process in itself．Some people will make you feel bad about your mistakes，or insult you for making them．   Accept your mistakes fully and really figure out what went wrong．
2．Embrace change and creativity
A popular proverb is，“You cannot solve a problem in the same state of consciences that created it．”    Change and creativity are vital in today’s world．Things are always changing，so why should we be any different?
3．Appreciate what you have
 This can take away from our happiness．Sometimes you just need to sit back and be happy about where your life is right now，and what you have to show for it. Sure people might tell you it’s not good enough，but don’t listen to them．It is good enough，and it gives you a sense of pride when you can enjoy the things you already have in life．
4．Listen to your heart
Sometimes you just need to follow your instincts and do what your heart tells you. There are some situations，like relationships，that rely more on your heart than on your head．People will surely tell you differently，but you should always insist on listening to what you want and feel. Again，you are the one who lives with your choices，and you are the one that has to live with the“what ifs．”  

Some people succeed, while others may not. This is because some people possess certain qualities, which others do not.
The first thing you must remember is that in order to succeed, you must be optimistic. If you do not expect to win, you will not try as hard as those who do expect to win. You also need to have a clear aim and a reason for doing something because motivation is a key to achieving success. If you do not have an aim, then you will not be motivated to work hard and put your performance under the microscope to make sure that every detail is right.
Another quality that helps people succeed is creativity---thinking about things in a different way and wondering how others would do the same thing. Think about some successful people you know. They might be successful with a little creativity, but the most successful people are the most creative ones.
Reading is another to success, as it will help you learn about how other people have achieved success. If you want to learn how to set up a successful business, you should read books about people like Bill Gates and Jerry Yang, who have achieved amazing success in their areas of business.
Practicing is equally important if you want to success because practice makes perfect. Practise every day at whatever career you are in, and by doing so, you will see yourself, your business and your self-confidence begin to grow. If you feel confident about what you do, this confidence will make other people believe in you as well. Your colleagues will be happy to work with you, and your boss will give you more responsibility. Finally if you are a successful person, you will be able to look people in the eye and smile confidently.
Success is yours for the taking! Cheers!
根据短文完成下列表格，一空一词。
Title _______

Certain qualities	Supporting details
______	●Try hard _______ people who do expect to win. ●Have a clear aim and a reason for doing something because a key to achieving success is _____
Creativity	●_______about things in a different way. ●Study how other people would do the _______ thing.
Reading	●Help you know about how _______ have achieved success. ●Read books about __ people such as Bill Gates and Jerry Yang to encourage yourselves.
Practising	●_______ the saying “practice makes perfect.” ●Believe in yourself and do what you want to do ______.