初中英语阅读填空

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Welcome to the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays an important role in keeping the balanced ecosystem（生态系统）on the Earth. With an area of around 6 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. This area has a great many species（物种）. Actually, one in ten known species in the world can be found here.

Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. There are different levels in the forest. At the bottom is a system of roots under the ground. Above that is leaf litter on the dark forest floor. The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves. Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the trees which are taller than any other level of trees in the forest. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.

More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals（哺乳动物）hide among the forest’s plant life. This jaguar is one example. While a large number of jaguars survive here, they are only one part of this forest's food chain（食物链）. They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit.

The Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. What’s more, the Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by producing over 20 percent of all the Earth’s oxygen（O₂）. So it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”.

The Amazon Rainforest
Introduction	The Amazon rainforest is the largest rainforest in the world, which helps keep the （1） of the Earth’s ecosystem.
Species	Plant species	Number: over 40,000 species
		Different levels in the forest: ●the bottom: a system of roots ●the second level: leaf litter ●the third level: shorter plants with large leaves ●the fourth level: towering ancient hardwoods ●the top: the tops of the （2） trees
	（3） species	Number: more than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals
		One of the food chains in the forest: leaves and fruit→ （4） →frogs→jaguars
Importance	●The Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. ●Known as the “lungs of the planet”, the Amazon rainforest （5） over 20% of all the Earth’s oxygen.

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Humans have long tried to predict（预测）the weather. From the hunters of ancient times to today’s pilots, predicting rain or shine can shape people’s life and make a difference.

In 650 BC, the Babylonians tried to predict the weather based on the appearance of clouds. Around 340 BC, Aristotle, a famous Greek thinker and scientist, wrote Meteorologica. It introduced the types of weather, such as rain, cloud and lightning. Aristotle believed that there was water, air and fire around the Earth. It was almost 2,000 years before his ideas were replaced by new ones.

By 300 BC in China, a calendar divided the year into 24 festivals gradually, each festival related to a type of weather, like the Rain Water（the start of the spring rains）, the Waking of Insects（the spring thunder awakens sleeping insects）and so on. That was useful for farmers to plan when to plant and harvest（收获）.

People used lots of ways to predict the weather over the centuries. You might have heard the expressions like “Red sky at night, sailor’s delight”, which suggests a red sky in the evening is followed by good weather. This has a basis in science, as does telling wind direction through smoke from the fire. On the other hand, some thought that if sheep crowded together, it meant rain. But there isn’t any science behind it.

The science of weather prediction really took off in the 1830s with the invention of the telegraph. It sent messages over hundreds of thousands of miles, so weather maps were drawn up and storm systems were studied. The next big step came in the 1920s with the invention of the “radiosonde”, a balloon carrying weather instruments high above the ground to collect information. Experts took the information and built a picture of the weather over the following few days.

Today, supercomputers are used to take data（数据）from the world and process it very fast to work out the weather. For example, they once helped predict where Hurricane Lee, which hit the US and Canada, would land nine days in advance（提前）.

Humans’ Efforts to Work Out the Weather
Weather prediction has developed from experience to （1） .
Ancient times
In 650 BC	The Babylonians studied the clouds.
Around 340 BC	Aristotle formed the ideas about weather.
By 300 BC	In China, 24 festivals guided people in （2） .
Over 2,000 years	People had many ways to predict the weather, like watching the sky, animals and so on. They were （3） scientific.
In the 1830s	Telegraph marked the （4） of modern science in predicting the weather.
In the 1920s	Radiosonde helped get information at a higher level.
Today	Supercomputers can collect and （5） worldwide data very fast.

在空格中填上适当的单词，使对话完整正确。一空一词（含缩写词）。

（N: Nick T: Taylor）

N: Dr. Taylor, I’m Nick from Popular Science. Nowadays people are easily distracted（分心的）. How come?

T: It’s “the monkey mind”. You feel it hard to stay focused, like a monkey （1） from thought to thought.

N: Yeah. Many people get mad with （2） for having so many thoughts.

T: It’s （3） to feel like this because humans have around 6,000 thoughts per day. So （4） it and make friends with your monkey mind. What if your monkey mind isn’t a （5） ? Perhaps it can remind you to be curious and kind towards your mind.

N: Umm, I see. （6） that, what else can we do to calm our brain?

T: When the monkey mind is getting busy, give it a job to do. Use your （7） , like watching a flower, listening closely to the birds, smelling the air or taking deep breaths. Notice （8） your thoughts and feelings change.

N: That’s to say, try to focus our attention first. When our mind is calm, we can （9） our work again.

T: That’s true. In the daily life, developing habits helps make your brain stronger. Try drawing, reading, playing chess or else and see what （10） . Then keep practicing to strengthen your brain’s power.

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Why are good eating habits important? Your body is like a super-strong, super-speedy machine, and the food you eat is what keeps you going. （1） Eating the right food helps your body run smoothly and stay strong.

Give you energy.

The food you eat gives you energy to run, jump and play. Proteins（蛋白质）are a good choice. （2）

Help you grow.

Are you trying to get taller and stronger? Eating things such as chicken, fish and beans does good to your growth.

（3）

Some foods are like tiny doctors. Fruits and vegetables, such as apples and carrots, have an active influence on your body if something goes wrong, like when you have a little cold.

Keep you slim.

Sometimes people eat too much sugar or fatty foods, and it’s like putting too much weight in your backpack. （4） Eating a good mix of foods can help you stay light.

How can you start eating better? Firstly, eat all kinds of foods. （5） Don’t be too picky（挑食）. Next, have three meals a day. You are supposed to have each meal on time. Lastly, drink water. As a garden needs watering, your body needs water too.

A. Make you healthy. B. Exercise every day. C. Each kind is good for your health. D. It gets heavy and makes you tired. E. It’s just like putting the right oil in your car. F. Eggs and milk provide power for every movement you make.

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Ole is a student from Norway at East China Normal School. He first visited China in 2016, and since then, he （1） （develop）a deep interest in traditional Chinese culture. Recently, he and his team won the Shanghai International Students Dragon Boat Race. It was the team’s （2） （six）win in a row and his second time winning the first prize. “I （3） （introduce）to the dragon boat racing in the spring of 2023. My teacher noticed my strong arms and encouraged me （4） （try）it,” said Ole. When he was asked the secret of his success, he replied, “There is no ‘I’, （5） only ‘we’. My teammates are international students coming （6） different countries. Before we became the champions, we practiced rowing three times a week, trying to match the strokes with drumbeat.

At first, we weren’t very good. We did not know （7） the problem lay. However, with continuous effort, we learned that teamwork is the key. Although we are culturally different, we are one team in the race. Before each race, the team would stand in （8） circle and cheer loudly. “Taking part in this sport, we realized the （9） （important）of cooperation. We trained hard, each stroke bringing us a closer to understanding the tradition of Dragon Boat Festival,” said Ole （10） （proud）.

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Hotpot, Mapo Tofu and Fish Filets in Hot Chili Oil（水煮鱼）—these dishes are well-known names in China. And they all have one thing （1） common: They’re very numbing（麻的）and spicy（辣的）.“Numbing and spicy” is a special phrase which is used （2） （describe）Sichuan food. Generally, Sichuan cooks are good at using Pixian Broad Bean Paste（郫县豆瓣）. It （3） （see）as “the soul（灵魂）of Sichuan dishes” by many people. As （4） result, they are quite different from the dried and spicy Hunan food and the sour and spicy Guizhou food.

However, to Sichuan dishes, there is much more than （5） （they）numbing and spicy flavor（味道）because Sichuan cooks are able to create all kinds of flavors. So people praise Sichuan dishes, “Each dish （6） （have）its own style; a hundred dishes have a hundred different flavors.” There are at （7） （little） 24 kinds of flavors in Sichuan dishes and only one-third of them are spicy. Some dishes are neither numbing （8） spicy, like sweet and sour fish.

Visitors to Sichuan are surprised at so many （9） （choice）they have for food. Sichuan is （10） （certain）a great place to start your Chinese food journey.

完成表格 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺的信息，并将其答案的完整形式写在相应的位置。每空一词。

Bring Nature Indoors

Indoor plants seem to just sit around without doing much, but in many ways they are the silent heroes of homes. Not only do they look beautiful, but they can lift our health in body and mind by making us feel good and taking away stress. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.

What are indoor plants?

Indoor plants, also known as houseplants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these kinds are not used to growing outside, especially in winter, they grow better inside because of the warmer condition. There are many kinds of indoor plants around us, such as peace lilies, spider plants and succulents.

Why are indoor plants good for us?

There are many advantages about growing plants indoors. Plants around houses can improve our feelings. Studies have supported this and found that indoor plants can improve our creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that houseplants can clean the air around them by removing some harmful gases, such as HCHO（甲醛）. Dr Tijana Blanusa said, “Plants catch and hold tiny polluted materials. They remove some harmful chemicals from cooking or painting. Peace lilies and devil’s ivy are the best.”

How to choose indoor plants?

We can get plants from supermarkets, garden centers or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones. Caring for them is always full of joy. You water them, talk to them, see them grow up… Learning about the habits of each plant can bring a new interest and attention into our lives and help to connect our homes with nature.

Bring Nature Indoors
Introduction ★Be （1） heroes at home. ★Look beautiful and lift our （2） in body and mind. ★Be easy to look after and be cheap.	What are indoor plants? ★They are known as （3） and like to grow indoors. ★They grow better inside, especially in （4） . ★There are many kinds of indoor plants.
（5） are indoor plants good for us? ★Improve our feelings. ★Improve creativity, attention and memory. ★ （6） the air by removing harmful gases. ★Catch and hold tiny （7） materials.	How to choose plants ★We can （8） plants from supermarkets, garden centers or online. ★Fully grown plants are often more （9） than younger ones. ★Taking care of them is filled （10） joy.

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afford by everything easy information make only smart they when

With the development of science and technology, our life is becoming more and more convenient. It seems that （1） has been reinvented and greatly improved. But there is one thing unlike them. It’s a blind walking stick. It was invented over 100 years ago and has been used （2） many blind people for a long time. However, it had remained unchanged until an engineer named Kursat decided （3） a change. Kursat is blind. He deeply understands the difficulties and challenges that the blind face. He put some technical knowledge into his invention and invented a （4） stick. He hoped his invention would help the blind.

The smart stick uses built-in speakers and different sensors（传感器）to warn about possible dangers. It helps blind people know about the environment around （5） by using modern technology. It makes their travel much （6） than before. The stick is priced at around ＄500. It is less than half the price of most smart phones. Most people can （7） it.

In the future, this invention is going to make a big difference to more blind people. “It will not （8） change my life, but also the life of other people.” Kursat said, “These days, we are talking about flying cars, but the blind have been using just simple sticks. As a blind person, （9） I am at the subway station, I don’t know which is my exit. I don’t know which bus is coming or which stores are around me. But now, the smart stick can provide a lot of （10） for the blind,” he said, “I believe the life of the blind will be much more convenient and safer.”

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The Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship has been successfully launched（发射）from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. It marks China’s 32^nd manned flight into space.

At 8: 59 p. m. on April 25, 2024, it （1） （send）three astronauts and nearly 100 experimental boxes（实验柜）to the Tiangong space station. The three astronauts （2） （be）Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu. They were all born in the 1980s. Ye was one of the （3） （member）of the Shenzhou-l3 mission（任务）from October 2021 （4） April 2022.

This time, he works as the （5） （lead）of the three astronauts. Both Li Cong （6） Li Guangsu are newcomers to space. During （7） （they）time in space, they will care for the space station to make sure it can work （8） （safe）. They will do over 90 experiments. A fish （9） （call）“the 4^th member of Shenzhou-18” will be used for an experimental project.

The Shenzhou-18 astronauts are planned to return to （10） earth in late October this year. So they will spend about six months on the space station.

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After some warm-up activities, Zhang Hanliang starts her martial（武术的）art exercises in the morning. To promote（推广）martial arts to more people, Zhang and her team （1） （make）many （2） （tradition）Chinese martial art videos in the past few years. （3） （million）of people watched the videos. “I hope that more and more people will feel the beauty of （4） （do）Chinese kung fu.” said Zhang.

Zhang has practiced martial arts for over 20 years. （5） （she）love for martial arts （6） （come）from her family. After Zhang had practiced at home for a few years, her father sent her to a sports school. At that time, Zhang was the （7） （young）child to learn martial arts at the school, but she practiced very hard. “I would keep （8） （practice）after daily training every day.” Zhang said.

In 2007, Zhang began to teach martial arts. Besides her job at the university, Zhang （9） （work）to promote the martial arts to foreigners now. She has been invited to many foreign countries to give lessons on it. “Martial arts can be a bridge for cultural exchanges between China and other countries,” said Zhang. She wished more and more people （10） （know）and love martial arts.

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The Lin family has a son and a daughter, Lin Ming and Lin Fang. Lin Ming is seven and Lin Fang is two years （1） （young）than her brother. They study in different （2） （school）. One day, Mrs. Lin picked up Lin Ming and then they went to Lin Fang’s school together. Some boys and girls were playing （3） （happy）on the playground. Lin Ming stood at the school gate and waited （4） his sister. Just then, the bell （5） （ring）. Several minutes later, many （6） （child）walked out in a line. Lin Fang was the （7） （five） one in it. When Lin Ming saw her, he couldn’t wait to run to her. “Fangfang,” Lin Ming （8） （shout）. Jumping with joy, Lin Fang rushed to meet （9） （he）. They hugged each other and walked to their mother hand in hand. When Mrs. Lin saw this, （10） big smile appeared on her face. Her heart was filled with happiness.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。

I can still remember my primary school homework on animals. I decided （1） （write）about the whale（鲸鱼）. I have loved them from a young age.

I’m not quite sure why I love them. It might be something about （2） （they）shape. They have a smooth shape, and their tails look like a heart. They also move so （3） （slow）and beautifully, like a tree dancing in the wind. This way, they seem very clever.

So, of course, one of my best memories （4） （be）when I got to see a type of whale called the Southern Right Whale in Argentina. Watching them moving smoothly in the water, I felt （5） （happy）than ever. They were so beautiful!

And I’m not the only one who loves whales. Different peoples across the world have a special place for whales in their （6） （heart）. Take the Maori people in New Zealand as （7） example. Living by the ocean, they see whales as guardians（守护者）of the ocean and talk about them a lot in their （8） （tradition）stories.

Why was I interested in whales like the Maori people? （9） they need our protection. That’s what my school homework was about— animals we need to protect. Whales play a big role （10） the ocean. So, protecting whales means protecting the whole ocean.

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Do you like staycation（宅度假）? It can be relaxing and save money. （1）

Firstly, you can travel in your city like a tourist. （2） You might discover something great right where you live. You can try different foods at local restaurants, too.

（3） Choose movies that you love or the ones you’ve never seen before. Make your living room comfortable. Have the lights off for a better movie experience.

（4） Clean your desk or put away your books. This might not sound like fun, but it feels great. You will create a peaceful space where you can enjoy spending time.

Lastly, you can start a small garden or plant some flowers. （5） Watching your plants grow every day can bring a lot of joy.

All in all, you don’t need to go far to have a wonderful holiday. The most important thing is to have fun.

A. It’s a good idea to go to the movie theater. B. Organizing your room is also a good idea. C. Here are some ideas for a great staycation. D. Visit local museums, parks, or new places in your city. E. You can watch movies with snacks and drinks at home. F. Gardening is a peaceful hobby that can make you happy.

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Adolescence（青春期）is a difficult time for teenagers. It takes place when you’re aged between thirteen and nineteen. （1） For example, you used to be happy to be with your parents, but now you need your own space. In the past, your parents made most decisions for you, but now you want to decide things by yourself.

In fact, these changes are perfectly normal. But it’s important to remember that they’ll influence your relationship with your parents. （2）

First, let your parents know you love them all the time. （3） They may not say so, but they’ll probably feel a sense of loss.

Secondly, （4） You may feel these are unnecessary, but your parents’ main worry is just to keep you safe. So try your best to follow the rules and stick to them. It may feel like a trouble to always remember to phone them and let them know where you’re, but make the effort anyway.

Finally, it’s all about communication! （5） Tell them what you did today and let them know where you’re going. Besides, ask for advice if you need. All in all, the more you communicate with them, the more they’ll trust you.

A. follow your family rules. B. Keep talking to your parents. C. follow your parents’ suggestions. D. As your body changes, you also begin to think and feel differently. E. In their eyes, they have forever lost the little child you used to be. F. Then how can you make sure that you get on well with your parents?

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Chinese New Year is a great celebration. It （1） （mark）the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. According to tradition, people like to give flowers and fruits （2） each other during Chinese New Year, because they carry many special （3） （meaning）. They represent（象征）the earth coming back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.

Orchids（兰花）come in many colors, but many people like purple and red ones for Chinese New Year. They are believed （4） （represent）love and beauty. Orchids say, “Wish you to be （5） （luck）, successful and happy.” During the holiday period, this plant is a must.

Peonies（牡丹）are like soft clouds in pink, red and white. They are beautiful and can brighten up someone’s day. Red peonies （6） （give）to people to show love and care. Peonies say, “You are special to me.” They are also a symbol of wealth and （7） （rich）.

Kumquats（金橘）, with （8） （they）golden color, ate a symbol of wealth and luck. The Chinese word for “kumquat” sounds like “gold orange”, which connects kumquats with richness. This small fruit tree is often presented in pairs.

The apple, with its bright colors （9） round shape, represents peace and harmony（和谐）. In fact, the word for “apple” in Chinese sounds like “peace”. （10） （certain）, apples make great gifts.