初中英语说明文试题

阅读短文，回答问题。
A taxi hit a truck. A policeman spoke to the taxi driver and to the truck driver. He also spoke to Tom. He was a witness (目击者). This is what they said.
TRUCK DRIVER: I was driving from the airport to Newton. A car crossed the road, so I slowed down. I did not stop. A taxi hit the back of my truck. Nobody was seriously hurt but both cars were damaged（受损害）.
TAXI DRIVER: I was driving behind a truck a few kilometers from Newton. The truck stopped suddenly. The driver did not give me a warning (警告). I was driving very slowly. I could not pass the truck because there were two cars coming near from Newton. My taxi hit the truck, and some glass cut my left hand.
TOM: I was watching the traffic about a kilometer from the airport. A truck was going to Newton. It was not going very quickly. There was a taxi about two hundred meters behind the truck. It was going fast. When the truck slowed down, the taxi hit it. The taxi driver was not looking at the truck. He was looking out of the window at something. My friend saw the accident, too.
Tom's friend spoke to the policeman and agreed with Tom.
How many people were mentioned (提到) in the story?
_________________________________________________________
Where was the truck going ?
__________________________________________________________
From the story, Who didn’t tell the truth?
__________________________________________________________
Who was also a witness besides Tom.
__________________________________________________________
What was the taxi driver doing when the taxi hit the truck?
___________________________________________________________

Blue whales are the largest animals in the world．But they are amazing（1） 　　because of their huge size， but their slow heartbeat．

For the first time， scientists have researched the（2） 　　of a blue whale．They found （3） 　　when blue whales dive（潜水） for food， their heart rates（心率） are as（4） 　　as 2 beats per （每） minute（bpm）．Scientists used to（5） 　　that their diving heart rate was 15 bpm．When the whales go to the ocean's（6） 　　to breathe， their heart rate is between 25 and 37 bpm．

Usually， the larger an animal is，（7） 　　its heart beats， since it takes more time to pump （输送） blood around（8） 　　body．Shrews， the smallest mammals（哺乳动物） ， have a heart rate of up to 1，000 bpm．Humans usually stay between 60 and 100 bpm．

（9） 　　slowing their heart rate， blue whales can send more blood to the muscles（肌肉） that they use（10） 　　．These muscles become stronger， allowing the whales to dive for longer periods of time．

（1）A．neither	B．either	C．not only	D．although
（2）A．heartbeat	B．body size	C．diving	D．food
（3）A．it	B．that	C．once	D．if
（4）A．many	B．little	C．fast	D．slow
（5）A．regard	B．expect	C．think	D．doubt
（6）A．bottom	B．surface	C．center	D．side
（7）A．the slower	B．slower	C．the faster	D．faster
（8）A．it's	B．its	C．his	D．her
（9）A．By	B．In	C．On	D．At
（10）A．to pump blood	B．to eat	C．to breathe	D．to dive

    Today， the Internet is used in every field of life． It also plays an important part in education． Let's take a look at it in detail．

    ★ School Projects

    The Internet can be the most（1）　　for completing projects in schools． As the Internet is an ocean of information， covering（2）　　all subjects known to man． Going through the information on the Internet is（3）　　faster than reading a book on the subject． Homework is also made easier（4）　　the help of the Internet． It is also one of the most important uses of computers in education．

    ★ News

    The latest news is often updated（更新）on the Internet on news sites（网站）． Students can learn the news（5）　　the Internet at school， at home， or at any other places．

    ★ Online Learning

    With the Internet， you can（6）　　short﹣term courses online， learn， and give exams． People from any part of the world can get（7）　　on different subjects．

    ★ No Age Bracket（档次）for Education

    Online courses can make people of all age groups get education of their（8）　　， according to their likes and wishes． You are， now， never too old（9）　　something new．

    With these points， we find that the Internet is so important in education．It is（10）　　for parents to make students understand what is good and what is not for them， or keep a watch on their surfing．

（1）A． common	B． dangerous	C． useful
（2）A． nearly	B． hardly	C． already
（3）A． very	B． many	C． much
（4）A． under	B． with	C． on
（5）A． across	B． through	C． without
（6）A． take up	B． put up	C． get up
（7）A． experience	B． knowledge	C． pleasure
（8）A． ages	B． safety	C． choice
（9）A． to learn	B． to make	C． to use
（10）A． silly	B． busy	C． wise

I was bored last night． So I went to watch the film Treasure Island．I'm not a （1）　__　 of pirates（海盗），and I didn't watch many pirate movies． I think this movie is the best one I have seen． It took me to a world of pirates． Though they are pirates， （2）　　they aren't scary． Eddie Izzard （3）　　 the role of Long John Silver in the movie． I think he acted best． I have never thought much of him． As an actor before， but the movie certainly beat my mind． Toby Regbo， who played Jim Hawkins， performed very （4）　　， too． He told us that the real treasure to us was kindness， not the gold on the island． Other （5）　__　also did a good job．

     The movie was really a （6）　　． So I'd like to （7）　　it to you． I'm sure you will love it．

（1）A．fan	B． writer	C． kid
（2）A．but	B． if	C．不填
（3）A．studied	B． played	C． showed
（4）A．right	B． good	C． well
（5）A．singers	B． doctors	C． actors
（6）A．trouble	B． success	C． question
（7）A．introduce	B． lead	C． report

Many people go to school for an education，They（36） 　　languages and other subjects．Others go to（37） 　 B 　to learn a skill so that they can make a living．（38） 　　no one can learn everything from school．A teacher，no matter（39） 　　he knows，can not teach his students everything they（40） 　　to know．So，much more is to be learned（41） 　　school by the students themselves．It is always（42） 　　to know how to study by oneself than to memorize some formulas（公式）．Formulas are easy to remember but difficult to use in（43） 　　out maths problems．As we all know，great（44） 　　，such as Einstein，Newton and Galileo，didn't learn many things from school．But they were all so successful that they（45） 　　so many things for us．

36．A．dislike	B．speak	C．learn	D．make
37．A．park	B．school	C．home	D．cinema
38．A．Though	B．But	C．If	D．Or
39．A．how often	B．how many	C．how soon	D．how much
40．A．want	B．stop	C．forget	D．fail
41．A．from	B．outside	C．in	D．within
42．A．more important	B．important	C．most important	D．unimportant
43．A．doing	B．getting	C．working	D．taking
44．A．workers	B．scientists	C．doctors	D．students
45．A．remembered	B．celebrated	C．invented	D．shared．

What might the future be like? Here are some predictions: things to come, things to go.
The last few days of every year in big cities in China, when everyone returns home, have been the worst headaches for millions of Chinese. More than 2 billion people travel at the same time, making getting travel tickets and the journey difficult. But in 28 years, Spring Festival travel may not be a problem at all. China plans to build more than 120,000 kilometers of railway and a fast transportation network that will serve 90% of the population by 2020. And because most of China will be cities, people will not have to go to other places to find a job, so it will no longer be a problem.
Newspaper will come to an end in 2043. There will be less and less people reading news on paper and the cost of making and buying newspaper will be reduced. In the future, digital (数字的) newspapers will be sent to personal web tools through Internet. Readers can discuss topics with journalists and editors. Information will move faster.
Oil is running out faster than expected. But scientists have found something else for oil as fuel (燃料). Coal,natural gas, solar power, nuclear power and even water can take the place of oil as sources of energy (能源). And the alternative ways of energy will help reduce the cost and pollution, too.
Schools will go electronic (电子化). Computers will be important and popular among the students. Everything will be in the computer and students will not need to bring books to school. They will find information on the Internet. A computer will be the students’ library, schoolbag and connection to the outside world. There will be robot teachers, they will check homework on computers and communicate with the students’ parents through e-mail.Students will find their personal teachers to ask for special help for those the robot teachers cannot do.  And school buses will be like spaceships, comfortable and safe.
The newspapers will disappear __________.

A．in 28 years	B．by 2020
C．by 2053	D．in 38 years

The underlined the alternative ways in the 4^th paragraph means _________.

A．modern ideas	B．other choices
C．wise methods	D．natural means

From the passage we can know  _______  in the future.

A．the Spring Festival travel may still be a problem

B．90percent of the population will live in the city

C．robot teachers will check homework on computers

D．readers can discuss with each other through Internet

The passage mainly tells us ______________.

A．future changes in many ways	B．computers will be important
C．new things will be	D．old things will be gone

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案．

The Communist Party of China （中国共产党） has vowed（郑重宣告） to satisfy the people's desire for "a better life" and（1） 　　the idea into a key political document． The Chinese phrase "mei hao sheng huo"， which can be translated as "a happy life" or "a better life"， appeared 14times，（2） 　　both in the opening section and the last paragraph， in the report given by Xi Jinping in October， 2017at the opening of the 19th CPC National Congress． The report at the five﹣yearly congress（3） 　　the most important political speech in China． This year's report said socialism with Chinese characteristics （特色） has entered a new era， and it draws up a two﹣stage development（4） 　　to build China into a "great modern socialist country" by mid﹣21st century． By the end of the second stage， the Chinese people will "enjoy happier， safer， and（5） 　　lives．"

（1）A． wrote	B． put	C． written	D． planted
（2）A． included	B． including	C． besides	D． except
（3）A． considers	B． is regarded	C． regards	D． is considered
（4）A． plan	B． idea	C． way	D． thought
（5）A． healthy	B． unhealthier	C． healthier	D． sweet

We each have a memory. That’s why we can still remember things after a long time. Some people have very good memories and they can easily learn many things by heart, but some people can only remember things when they say or do the again and again. Many of the great men of the world have got surprising memories.
A good memory is a great help in learning languages. Everybody learns his mother language when he is a small child. He hears the sounds, remembers them and then he learns to speak. Some children are living with their parents in foreign countries. They can learn two languages as easily as one because they hear， remember and speak two languages every day. In school it is not so easy to learn a foreign language because the pupils have so little time for it, and they are busy with other subjects, too.
But your memory will become better and better when you do more and more exercises.
Some people can easily learn many things by heart because __________ .

A．they always sleep well

B．they often eat good foot

C．they read a lot of books

D．they have very good memories

Everybody learns his mother language __________ .

A．at the age of six

B．when he is a small child

C．after he goes to school

D．when he can read and write

In school the pupils can’t learn a foreign language easily because __________ .

A．they have no good memories

B．they have no good teachers

C．they don’t like it

D．they are busy with other subjects

Your memory will become better and better __________ .

A．if you have a lot of good food

B．if you do more and more exercises

C．if you do morning exercises every day

D．if you get up early

A primary school in Canada has made some of its students very（1）　　by banning（禁止） homework．

Teachers will still be able to ask students to（2）　　and read at home，but they cannot give them homework like pages of math problems．The school will（3）　　the way students spend time in class to make sure they don't fall behind in their work．

Some（4）　　think it's a bad idea．They say homework is a way for them to know how their children are doing in school．And to help them if they are having problems．

The school says it will send home an exercise book（5）　　parents can see their children are doing．

Several school in Canada and United States have been discussing（6）　　homework is a good idea or not．

In 2009，a study（7）　　that student with more homework may get higher marks．But this was only true for students in the seventh grade and higher，not in primary school．

Many people believe that homework is important because it（8）　　children to manage their time better．They say it also reinforces（巩固） what the students are learning in school．

But other people think homework causes stress for students and makes them less interested （9）　__　learning．They say children's lives are too（10）　　，and they need to be able to spend more free time with their families，or just playing．

1．A．sad	B．happy	C．angry	D．afraid
2．A．play	B．sing	C．study	D．dance
3．A．change	B．stop	C．study	D．continue
4．A．students	B．parents	C．teachers	D．experts
5．A．so	B．but	C．or	D．if
6．A．why	B．whether	C．how	D．what
7．A．told	B．guessed	C．tested	D．found
8．A．tells	B．forces	C．teaches	D．advices
9．A．at	B．in	C．on	D．for
10．A．free	B．interesting	C． relaxing	D．busy．

Do you think of white when someone talks about a polar bear? In fact, the polar（北极） bear does not have white fur. It just appears to be white. Polar bears have a very good sense of smell. It helps them to find food. During summer, polar bears sleep longer, because they are able to find their food more easily at night. Usually, after a meal, polar bears have a short sleep. A polar bear can have 2-3 babies at a time. They live with their mothers until they are about two-and-a-half years old.
However, polar bears will die out soon because of people. There are only 20,000 to 25,000 polar bears in the world. The ones that are left are trying to survive today. The number of polar bears is becoming smaller and smaller because of the loss of sea ice— polar bears mostly inhabit (居住于) the sea ice, not the land ice. This is happening because of global warming (全球气候变暖), pollution, hunting and so on.
Ordinary people don't care, but great people have the power and want to save tigers, fight for giant pandas and save polar bears. Ordinary people will wait, but great people will find a new world. For me, I will not waiting. I will take the bus more often from now on. Join me and save the polar bears, and, of course, the tigers, the giant pandas and...
According to the passage, which of these answers does NOT make sea ice less?

A．Global warming.	B．Pollution.
C．Hunting.	D．Travelling.

What can we learn from the passage?

A．Polar bear fur is white.

B．Perhaps the writer will drive his car less.

C．It's harder for polar bears to find food in summer.

D．Polar bears left have a good, happy life.

What does the word "ordinary" mean in Chinese?

A．勤劳的

B．聪慧的

C．普通的

D．坚强的

What is the main idea of this passage?

A．To show that the number of polar bears is getting smaller.

B．To tell people that polar bears will soon have nowhere to live.

C．To let people know why polar bears are in danger.

D．To talk about polar bears and suggest that people protect animals.

Where can this passage come from?

A．A magazine about animals.	B．A book about greetings.
C．A poster about working plans.	D．An instruction book.

The computer is fast， and never make a mistake， while people are too slow， and full of mistakes sometimes． Now a（36） 　　can do a lot of everyday jobs wonderfully． It is（37） 　　used in factories， hospitals， post office． A computer can report， decide and control in almost（38） 　　field． Many computer scientists are thinking of（39） 　　　　    the computer "think" like a man． With the help of a person， a computer can（40） 　　    pictures， write music， talk with people， play chess， recognize voice， translate languages and so on． Perhaps（41） 　　computers will really think and feel． Do you think the people will be afraid（42） 　　they find that the computer is too clever to listen to（43） 　　the people？ But I believe man is（44） 　　the master of the computer． The computer works only （45） 　　the help of man． It cannot take place of man．

36． A． boy	B． computer	C． woman	D． teacher
37． A． widely	B． slowly	C． sadly	D． hardly
38．A． either	B． both	C． every	D． none
39． A． making	B． leaving	C． feeling	D． taking
40． A． hear	B． talk	C． draw	D． put
41． A． one day	B． a day	C． any day	D． every day
42． A． what	B． when	C． where	D． why
43． A． choose	B． get	C． have	D． serve
44． A． seldom	B． never	C． always	D． sometimes
45． A． with	B． about	C． beside	D． for

The Monkey King is the main character from the famous （1）　　story Journey to the West． He is wonderful because he helps （2）　　 people．

     The Monkey King has a magic stick． He （3）　　it to fight bad people． He can（4）　_　 the stick big or small． He sometimes does not even look like a monkey． He can turn himself （5）　　different animals and objects． But unless he can hide his （6）　　，he can't make himself a human． （7）　　he sees bad people， he thinks of ways to fight them． Children all over the world become （8）　　 in reading this story．

（1）A． Chinese	B． Japanese	C． English
（2）A． safe	B． strong	C． weak
（3）A． has	B． uses	C． beats
（4）A． make	B． made	C． makes
（5）A． off	B． on	C． into
（6）A． hair	B． tail	C． head
（7）A． As soon as	B． But	C． Until
（8）A． interesting	B． interested	C． excited

Each one of us shares this planet with seven billion others．And we all need （36） 　 : 　．People and products need to move from city to city and country to country．However，we all know（37） 　 　most cars，motorcycles，boats and planes cause air pollution．They are also（38） 　 　．This is a serious problem in many cities．（39） 　 　inventors are coming up with creative ideas to try to reduce the pollution and noise．

In many cities around the world，motorcycles are very（40） 　 　．Now Vietnam has around 33million motorcycles and China has almost 120 million．Motorcycles are a faster and cheaper way to get around a city than（41） 　 　．Yet air pollution is a growing problem．In large cities，people（42） 　 　it is difficult to breathe．To solve these problems，a U．S．company designed an environmentally friendly motorcycle，It uses electricity as fuel（燃料）．As a result，there is（43） 　 　pollution．It's also quiet and fast．This makes （44） 　 　a good choice for getting around a city．

The Italian city of Venice is a city with only a few（45） 　 　．There are no cars in the city center．（46） 　 　cars，water taxis and buses carry people along the city's canal（运河）．However，they cause pollution，（47） 　 　to the water．English engineers Dick and Jem designed a solar﹣powered（太阳能）water taxi．The water taxi

（48） 　 　run for a day after being recharged（充电）．

Planes also cause air and noise pollution．Designing an environmentally friendly airplane is a real （49） 　 　．Some airplane companies have （50） 　 　to solve the problems．Swiss engineers have gone one step further．They developed a solar airplane．This plane holds the world record for the longest solar﹣powered flight﹣1，541 kilometers from Arizona to Texas in America．

36．A．air	B．food	C．transportation	D．communication
37．A．how	B．why	C．when	D．that
38．A．noisy	B．dirty	C．fast	D．expensive
39．A．Since	B．So	C．Because	D．Although
40．A．popular	B．valuable	C．dangerous	D．safe
41．A．bikes	B．subways	C．buses	D．cars
42．A．explain	B．complain	C．doubt	D．promise
43．A．much	B．some	C．no	D．more
44．A．them	B．you	C．us	D．it
45．A．rivers	B．roads	C．tourists	D．people
46．A．Instead of	B．Thanks to	C．Because of	D．As for
47．A．probably	B．only	C．especially	D．hardly
48．A．must	B．can	C．should	D．need
49．A．question	B．job	C．decision	D．challenge
50．A．disagreed	B．refused	C．started	D．remembered．

You may think there is only sand in the desert（沙漠） of the world，（1） 　 　it is not true．In the desert，as we know，there is a little（2） 　 　，but it is not（3） 　 　for most plants．Still we can see some plants live in the desert．

There is（4） 　 　in some places in the deserts．We call these places oases（绿洲）．In the oases，there are villages and towns．People grow all kinds of eropa in the fields there．

People（5） 　 　live outside the oases．They have camels，sheep and other animals．These animals depend on the desert plants for their food and do not need （6） 　 　water．

The aninmals are useful to the desert people in many ways．They eat the meat and drink the milk of the animals．They use the camels for carrying water，food，and something else．

The people of the desert have to keep moving from place to place．They must always （7） _ 　grass or desert plants for their animals．When there is no more food for their animals，they move to （8） 　 　place．The desert people are（9） 　 　．No man in the desert would ever（10） 　 　to help the people in trouble and give them food and water．

（1）A． and	B． but	C． or	D． so
（2）A． rain	B． rains	C． wind	D． winds
（3）A． well enough	B． enough well	C． good enough	D． enough good
（4）A． sand	B． plants	C． woods	D． water
（5）A． also	B． too	C． either	D． still
（6）A．a little	B． too many	C． too much	D． some
（7）A． look at	B． look for	C． look up	D． look after
（8）A． other	B． the other	C． others	D． another
（9）A． well	B． friend	C． friendly	D． carefully
（10）A． agree	B． refuse	C． promise	D． want

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的三个选项（A、B 和C）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项．

In China，red is known to be a lucky color．But you may be surprised to know that British Culture is（46）　B　of the red，It's true．Go to Britain and you'll see（47）　C　everywhere．

There are red postboxes，red phone boxes and（48）　B　rec double﹣decker（双层） buses

around the country．Red is the color traditionally worn by British（49）　A　in battle，and there is red in the UK's Union Jack national flag．

To go with British culture's love of red，many red animals（50）　A　an important part in

British nature，like the robin（知更岛） with a bright red breast（胸）．（51）　A　Christmas

Day，the bird is commonly found on the greeting cards people send（52）　B　．There are quite

special red squirrels（ 松鼠），too，'

But is red（53）　A　lucky to British people？The results may surprise you．Red is used quite

（54）　B　as a metaphor（比喻）．If some one"sees red"，they are angry．（55）　C　apersonis"red

laced"，they are out of breath or turning red in the face．

Even so，red is still every where in Britain It does seem that the country is in love with The color．

the color．

46．A fond	B，full	C．proud
47．A yellow	B．green	C．red
48．A boring	B．popular	C．surprising
49．A．soldiers	B．officers	C．teachers
50．A play	B．spend	C．take
51．A．At	B．Or	C In
52．A．any other	B． each other	C．another one
53．A．considered	B． given	C required
54．A similarly	B．differently	C．difficultly
55．A．Unless	B．Before	C．When．