初中英语教育文化类阅读阅读理解

（1）We are living in a worl full ofcompetition． Our parents compete with others in their offices， our brothers and sisters compete with others in their colleges， and we compete with our classmates in schools． Most of us give up in face of competition and will never be successful． Why can't we do better than others？ One important reason is that we have no self﹣confidence．

（2）事实上，人人生而平等． You can do what others do． Your classmates may be better than you in some ways， （3） 　 but 　you may be better than them in other subjects． So everyone has his or her advantages． Don't look at things from a single point of view． Try to discover your own advantages， and believe that you can do better than others in those ways．

Competition is not so terrible． Don't be afraid of it． And don't be afraid of those classmates who are better than you．（4） Remember that self ﹣ confidence is the first step to success． Believe in yourselves， and you will be successful in any competition．

根据短文内容完成下列任务．

（1）请写出（1）句中下划线部分意思相近的短语．

　　

（2）请将（2）句译成英文．

　　

（3）请在（3）处填入一个合适且符合句意和逻辑的单词．

　　

（4）请将（4）句翻译成中文．

　　

（5）What's the main idea of this passage？

　　

B

Though you are a teenager now，there will finally come a time when you start to earn（赚） money．While it may be fun to have your own money to spend，it can also be difficult trying to manage it properly．Here are some tips on how to manage your money．

Use your money wisely

Most teenagers earn money for everyday use，or because they are saving up for something．So when they receive their money，they must first decide what they want to do with it．However，try to avoid the temptation （诱惑） to spend it all in one go （一口气）!Remember：Money takes a long time to earn，but it goes very quickly．

Bank your savings

The money you don't need can be saved at home or in a bank．If you want to save your money at home，get yourself a piggy bank or something else to keep your money in．The other choice is to save your money in a bank．One of the advantages is that you can earn interest （利息） on it．

Use the money to make money

Rather than saving your money at home or in a bank，you can use the money you

earn to invest （投资） in things to make more money．For example，if you are selling

something around your neighborhood，you could pay someone else to sell your things in their neighborhood．This way，by spending a little，you can make a lot．

32．The first thing for the teenagers to do after receiving their money is 　　．

A．	to consider how to deal with it
B．	to spend it for everyday use
C．	to let it go very quickly
D．	to invest in things correctly

33．Which of the following can best explain"use your money wisely"？ 　　

A．	Don't earn it for everyday use．
B．	It's saved up for something．
C．	Don't spend it all in one go．
D．	It takes a long time to earn．

34．According to the passage，one of the ways to earn interest is 　　．

A．	to get yourself a piggy bank
B．	to save your money in a bank
C．	to make some other choices
D．	to leave your money at home

35．By paying others to sell things，teenagers can usually 　　．

A．	spend less money
B．	give less money
C．	waste more money
D．	make more money．

How do you often spend your summer vacation？Do you sometimes get bored？Here are some ideas for you to help spice up（调剂） your holiday，and keep you busy either inside or outside．

A happy cook

Help your mom cook a dinner in the kitchen．Washing vegetables may be a good choice for you．You can also learn to make a simple meal，like egg﹣fried rice．When you eat a meal you have cooked，you'll feel very proud．

Make a photo wall

Collect your family photos．Choose some special ones with your family and make•photo t special wall．We can talk to parents and listen to family stories behind those photos．You can also DIY a photo album （影集） and keep the photos safe for a long time．

Help others

Encourage yourself to do something you can to help others every day．For example，give your seat to those who need it on the bus．give directions to someone who is lost，and pick up the litter on the road．These small acts will help make the world a better place．

Travel to the countryside

Traveling to the countryside is a great way to be close to nature．Experience life in the countryside with your parents，and find the differences between the city and countryside．Explain which one you like better，and write down your feelings．

41．A good choice to help mom in the kitchen is to 　　according to the passage．

A．	do the dishes
B．	wash vegetables
C．	sweep the floor
D．	take out rubbish

42．We can make a photo album by ourselves to 　　．

A．	make a photo wall
B．	choose some special photos
C．	keep the photos for long
D．	write down the family stories

43． 　　will make the world a better place

A．	Helping others
B．	Collecting photos
C．	Learning to cook
D．	Experiencing country life

44．The writer advises us to 　　after coming back from the countryside

A．	cook egg﹣fried rice
B．	show our friends photos
C．	pick up litter on the road
D．	write down our feelings

45．The passage it mainly about 　　

A．	school life
B．	vacation activities
C．	after﹣class plans
D．	personal hobbies．

Li Haoqin is an 8th﹣grader in Mianyang，Sichuan．The 14﹣year﹣oldgirl studies hard in her English class．Every day，she listens carefully in class and does many exercises after class．However，she can't get good grades，so she is very sad．"Why doesn't my hard work pay off（回报）？"Li Haoqin asks．Lots of middle school students are now facing this problem：They try theirbest at something but can't _make it_．"They don't have effective（有效的）learning methods．This is the main reason of their difficulties，"says Bi

Qin．She is a well﹣known English teacher in Bejing No.4High School．Bi Qin thinks that hard work is not enough for middle schoolstudents．She says，"Students have more subjects now．They shouldlearn in many different ways．The more you use new words，the betteryou can remember them．For example，making sentences with newwords is an effective way to learn．"Chen Xiping，13，of Shandong，has his own ways of learningEnglish．"I study hard in school，and I also like watching CCTV﹣9．Onthis TV channel，I always see the English words from my textbook，"says Chen Xiping．"It's really useful．"Lin Pingyi，13，of Shanghai，has a habit of reading．"I like Englishnovels like The Old Man and the Sea（《老人与海》）．And I write notes inmy diary，"says Lin Pingyi．"In this way，I can remember more words，and make my reading and writing better．"

36．Li Haoqin studies hard at English but she can't get good gradesbecause she doesn't 　　．

A．	listen carefully in class
B．	have effective learning methods
C．	do many exercises
D．	play sports after class

37．Bi Qin is a 　　．

A．	writer
B．	student
C．	teacher
D．	reporter

38．The underlined phrase "make it"means" 　　"in Chinese．

A．	按时到达
B．	获得成功
C．	能够出席
D．	事倍功半

39．In Bi Qin's opinion，students should remember new words effectively by 　　．

A．	listening to them
B．	using them more
C．	writing them often
D．	reading them aloud

40．From the passage，we know that 　　．

A．	Li Haoqin is a student in Grade 9
B．	Bi Qin asks students to learn different subjects in the same way
C．	Chen Xiping doesn't like watching CCTV﹣9
D．	Lin Pingyi has a habit of reading English novels

School is a good place for us to study．Yet sometimes，it's easy focus to have accidents there．Experts suggest that right safety training could avoid 80% of these accidents．Here are parts of safety rules in some countries．In China，fire training at school is common to teach students to deal with emergencies（紧急情况）．During the training，students hurry to the playground with a wet cloth covering their mouth．Fire training is held each term．In Japan，public elementary schools hold earthquake training once a month．They teach students how to escape during an earthquake without pushing．Most US school buildings have fire escapes on each floor．A fire escape has platforms（露台）with ladders（梯子）．In many middle schools in the UK，students can choose to take a bicycle course．There，they learn how to ride to school safely．

31． 　　countries are mentioned in this passage．

A．	Two
B．	Three
C．	Four
D．	Five

32．Students should receive right safety training because 　　．

A．	it is easy
B．	it could avoid most of these accidents
C．	it is interesting
D．	it is accepted by the teachers

33．If there is a fire，Chinese students should go to the playground hurriedly 　　．

A．	with a wet cloth covering their mouth
B．	by using ladders
C．	by bike
D．	by pushing each other

34．Public elementary schools in Japan hold earthquake training 　　．

A．	once a week
B．	once a month
C．	once a year
D．	every day

35．This passage mainly talks about 　　．

A．	how to escape from earthquakes
B．	how to put out the fire
C．	some school safety rules in some countries
D．	a bicycle course

How Can You Become a Successful Learner？

Everyone is born with the ability to learn． But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits． Research shows that successful learners have some good habits in common．

Creating an interest in what they learn

Studies show that if you are interested in something， your brain（脑）is more active and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time． Good learners often connect what they need to learn with something interesting． For example， if they need to learn English and they like music or sports， they can listen to English songs or watch sports programs in English． This way they will not get bored．

Practicing and learning from mistakes

Good learners think about what they are good at and what they need to practice more． Remember， "Use it or lose it．" Even if you learn something well， you will forget it unless（除非）you use it． " Practice makes perfect．" Good learners will keep practicing what they have learned， and they are not afraid of making mistakes． Alexander Graham Bell did not invent the telephone overnight． He succeeded by trying many times and learning from his mistakes．

Developing their study skills

It is not enough to just study hard． Good learners know the best way they can study． For example， they may take notes by writing down key words． They also look for ways to go over what they have learned． They may do this by reading their notes every day or by explaining the information to another student．

Asking questions

Good learners often ask questions during or after class．They even ask each other and try to find out the answers． Knowledge comes from questioning．

Learning is a lifelong journey because every day brings something new． Everything that you learn becomes a part of you and changes you， so learn wisely and learn well．

62．According to the passage， what can make you become a successful learner？ 　 　

63．How can learners create an interest in what they learn？ 　 　

64．Why is it important to practice using what you've learned？ 　 　

65．What study skills does the writer talk about？ 　 　

66．What is the last good learning habit in the passage？ 　 　

67．Are you a successful learner？ Why or why not？ 　 　

James is a good student and he has lots of friends，but he also has a problem．Some older boys are bullying（欺负）him at school．James is very unhappy and he doesn't know what to do about it．Here are some suggestions for him and other teenagers in this situation．

Don't feel worried．It's not your fault! Being bullied can make you feel very lonely and angry，but you are not alone．

Don't feel that you have to hide the problem．You should find a person you can trust，and tell him．It might be your teacher，your parents，or even your friend's parents．After you tell someone，you will get some support and feel some relief．

Speaking to an adult might make you nervous，but here are other things you can do．Some people express their feelings more freely on paper．Write a letter to someone or keep a diary．Include all the facts about what the bullies do，as well as when and where the bullying happens．You can use it as proof（证据）to show what is going on．And it is a wonderful idea to show your

letter or diary to a teacher or another responsible adult．Then the bullies will fell very afraid if their names appear in a letter!

Also，don't show you are sad and don't try to fight with the bullies．You could get in trouble yourself．Pay no attention to them and just walk away．The bullies will soon stop．

31．Why does James feel unhappy？Because 　　at school．

A．	he isn't a good student
B．	he doesn't have any friends
C．	he doesn't know what to do about it
D．	some older boys are bullying him

32．According to the passage，if you're nervous to talk to adults， you'd Better 　　．

A．	ignore（忽视）them and just walk away
B．	tell a responsible adult what the bulles do by writing a letter
C．	make the bullies worried by keeping a dairy
D．	not show your sadness or fight with the bullies

33．If you remember and follow the suggestions above， 　　．

A．	nobody will speak to the bullies
B．	everybody will feel some relief
C．	the bullies will not get in trouble
D．	the bullies will soon stop

34．Which advice is NOT mentioned in the passage？ Don't 　　．

A．	call the police for help
B．	be worried about being bullied
C．	keep the problem away from your parents
D．	hide the proof from a responsible adult

35．What do you think the passage is trying to tell us？ 　　．

A．	What to do about being bullied
B．	How to be a good student at school
C．	What to write in a diary
D．	How to give suggestions to teenagers

Overwork is one of the main reasons why so many students feel tired and stressed．There are some ways for you to learn to relax．Such as reducing（减少） some of the jobs you do each day．So you can leave time for some relaxing and fun activities，like reading a good book，listening to a sweet music going for a walk or taking a relaxing bath．

Secondly，get a good night's sleep．Getting enough sleep win help you keep your body and mind in the best form．If you stay up late and need to get up early for school the next day，you may not be able to concentrate on the things you need to do．Next，exercise often and eat healthily．You'd better eat less junk food or fast food．

Another way is getting to know pleasant people．Some people are optimistic while others not Choose optimistic people as your friends and spend more time with them．Then you'll be as happy as them． Next，learn to keep calm when you face problems．You know that you can probably solve the problems，and it is a good way to build up your self﹣confidence．

Finally，have a happy attitude．Your attitude decides the way to see things．For example，is your cup half full or half empty？learn to think more positively about the difficulty you face

66．Why do lots of students feel stressed and tired？ 　　

A．	Because they think studying is boring．
B．	Because they have too much work to do．
C．	Because they watch TV a lot at night．
D．	Because they can't get on well with their friends．

67．The students don't need to get enough sleep，do they？ 　　

A．	maybe．
B．	No，they don't．
C．	Yes，they do．
D．	Sorry，I don't know．

68．According to the passage，if the students want to be happy，what friends should they have？

　　

A．	The ones working hard．
B．	The ones who are optimistic．
C．	The ones loving sports．
D．	The ones they like．

69．How can the student do when they face some problems？ 　　

A．	They can ask the teachers for help．
B．	They can get the ideas from their friends．
C．	They can solve the problems only by themselves．
D．	They should learn to be calm．

70．How many ways for the students to relax are mentioned in this passage？ 　　

A．	Six
B．	Seven．
C．	Eight．
D．	Nine．

There are some ways to improve your English，but I think the most important thing is to make English all around you．Here's some advice for you．

Listen to the radio in English．If there are no English radio stations where you live，listen to one on the Internet．

Watch TV and movies in English．If you have English channels on your TV，watch them．If there are no English channels，you can buy some DVDs of English movies．

Speak English to your friends．You can find a friend who is good at English and speak English with him as much as possible．You'd better find friends whose native language is English．Ask your friend to correct you when needed．

Study or travel to an English ﹣ speaking country．Of course the best way to improve your English is to live in English environments．You'll find yourself surrounded（围绕）with the language everywhere．It can be a more difficult and expensive choice，but you may find it to be a very valuableand helpful experience．

41．How many ways are mentioned in the passage？ 　　

A．	Two．
B．	Three．
C．	Four．
D．	Five．

42．If there are no English radio stations where you live，you can 　　．

A．	buy a new radio
B．	buy some DVDs
C．	listen to one on the Internet
D．	find a friend to talk with you

43．What does the underlined word"valuable"mean in Chinese？ 　　

A．	无价值的
B．	有价值的
C．	花费大的
D．	必不可少的

44．Which of the following is NOT tale according in the passage？ 　　

A．	You can watch English channels on your TV to improve your English．
B．	You'd better find friends whose native language is English to talk with you．
C．	The best way to learn English is to live in all English environments．
D．	Study or travel to an English﹣speaking country is a good choice because it doesn't cost you too much．

45．From this passage，we mainly know 　　．

A．	How to improve your English
B．	The best time to listen to the radio in English
C．	Make friends with foreigners
D．	The steps about how to study abroad．

Co﹣operation（合作）is always needed when we make a project that the teacher gives you．

First，discuss all we would like to do with our classmates．Choose one of the members to write down what we're talking about．Then，with the idea we get，list all we want．Everyone shares the duty for the project．We can collect information not only from books but also on the Internet．Making a survey and doing a research are also good ways．After that，all the members put what has been found together．Try to make the project more well﹣organized．In the end，we can give a report in front of our class to show the result of our hard work．

根据以上短文内容，完成下列表格．答案书写在答题卡卷Ⅱ各小题规定的位置．每空一词．

We need （1） 　　when we make a project．
How to do it？	First，discuss with our classmates and （2） 　　one member write down what we're talking about．
	Second，collect and （3） 　　all we want．Making a survey and doing a research are also good ways．
	After that，put what has been found together and（4） 　　the project more well﹣organized．
	In the end，（5） 　　the result of our hard work by giving a report

The American writer Sally Seaman tells young students some smart ways to find friends．Sally says founding friendship is just like planting a tree．You plant the seed （种子） and take care of it to make it grow．

First，you should choose a friend．What makes a good friend？It is not because a person has money or good looks．A good friend should be kind and patient．For example，if you have a bad day，a good friend could listen to your complaints （抱怨） and do his or her best to help you．To make a friend，you can't be too shy．You should make each other happy and share your lives．

But things can not always be happy．Even the best friends have fights．What should you do when you have a fight with your friend？You have to talk to him or her．If he or she doesn't want to talk，you can write a letter．

There are three steps to be friends again：

Tell him or her how you are feeling，say what your friend has done wrong and explain（解释） why you did this or that．

Remember that friendship is one of the most important things in your life．

66．Friendship is like a tree． 　　

67．To make a friend，you should make each other happy and share your lives． 　　

68．A good friend should have money and good looks． 　　

69．Friendship is one of the most important things in your life． 　　

70．You don't talk to him or her when you have a fight with your friend． 　　．

（C）

The government in China plans to end its one﹣child policy and let families have two children instead．

The plan was announced on Thursday after high﹣level political meetings in Beijing．A Chinese Communist Party statement gave a number of reasons for the change in policy．The statement said the change is meant to balance population development，stop a falling birth rate（出生率） and strengthen the country's labor force（劳动力）．

China，with the largest population in the world，started the one﹣child policy in 1980．But the government allowed only a small number of couples to have two children．For example，some families in the countryside could have two children，if the first﹣born child is a girl．

In 2013，the Chinese government gave other couples a chance to have two children if one of them was an only child．

Jiang Quanbao，a teacher and population expert，explained how Chinese families react to the newest policy．"Too many young people in the cities are no longer interested in having a second child，"he said．"People in the countryside are more interested．But some of them are already allowed to have two children．"

At the end of 2014，China had a population of 1.37billion people．A total of 800million of them have jobs．But the labor market population will drop in 35years．That is to say，the country will be in great need of labor by the year 2050．With the two﹣child policy，an increase in births can solve this problem．

Boys and girls，what do you think of the two﹣child policy？Do you want to have a new﹣born brother or a sister？

（1）Why does the government plan to end the one﹣child policy？ 　　

A．	Because we need a larger population．
B．	Because millions of people have jobs．
C．	Because most families want to have a second child．
D．	Because a falling birth rate must be stopped．

（2）How do most young people in the cities react to the two﹣child policy？ 　　

A．	They support the policy．
B．	They don't think it is good．
C．	They're very interested．
D．	They're not interested any more．

（3）When will our country be seriously short of labor if the one﹣child policy continues？ 　　

A．	In 2015．
B．	In 2035．
C．	In 2050．
D．	In 2070

（4）The Two﹣Children Policy mainly 　　．

A．	helps solve the problems of aging population and labor shortages．
B．	doesn't allow one couple to have two children．
C．	has a bad influence on one's mental health．
D．	encourages one couple to have more than two children．

（5）More couples 　　the Two﹣Children Policy according to the passage．

A．	disagree with
B．	agree with
C．	don't know
D．	hate．

Imagine 50 years from now．Imagine the perfect school．Getting to school is already difficult because of traffic．In 50 year's time，it will be even more difficult．A solution is needed．Imagine there is a big cyber﹣school，but the classes are in many different places，both in the suburbs and the city．You would never need to walk more than 10 minutes to get to school．

Once you get there，there is no teacher speaking at the front of the class．Instead there is a large screen playing a video of the teacher．There is a classroom helper who walks around helping you with your problems．You can get the best teaching there，and you have a helper who can help you understand your work．You listen to the teacher for only 15 minutes．Then you work in teams to do group projects and solve problems together．

The days of pen and paper are gone．You each have your own computer and you do all your work and tasks on it．After classes finish．you can stay there and talk with your school friends．

You each have a lovker to keep your personal things．There is a gridge to keep your lunch and a microwave to warm it．There are sofas to sit on when it's time to read a book．

Your class would always be cool in summer and warm in winter．There is solar and wind power on the roof of the building．Each room is kept at a comfortable temperature automatically．

The school of the future is high﹣tech，but it is a friendly place to bel．

76．Nowadays it is difficult to get to school because of 　　．

A．	the terrible traffic
B．	the bad weather
C．	the long distance

77． 　　walks around to help you with your problems in class．

A．	A school friend
B．	A computer teacher
C．	A classroom helper

78．You can 　　after listening to the teacher for 15minutes in class．

A．	watch a fun video
B．	begin the group projects
C．	talk with your friends

79．From the passage，we know the FALSE statement is 　　．

A．	each student has their own coomputer at school
B．	it's neither too hot nor too cold in each classroom
C．	you can use a fridge to keep and warm your food

80．What's the best title for this passage？ 　　．

A．	The school of the future
B．	The teacher in the future
C．	The traffic in the future．

How do you feel about your looks？ Is it important to have a beautiful face？ Are there other things that can make a person special？ The way you look is special． Do you know what I mean by that？ We all look a little different． Some of us are tall， Some of us are fat．The point is， all of us have our own look一our own face．

Sometimes，we might feel bad about looking different．We might feel like we look ugly or strange．But our differences are what make us special．

I recently watched a speech by a man named Robert Hoge． He was born with a strange﹣looking face．His mother always worried that he would face many difficulties in life．

But what Hoge did changed his mother's mind little by little．Strangers would stare at him or even make fun of him． But he didn't care at all． He decided to accept his face and feel confident（自信的） in himself． He has made a decision to live an amazing life．

It's hard when you feel like you don't look "normal" or"perfect"．But the truth is，no one is perfect．The important thing to remember is that you are special， no matter what you look like．

根据短文内容，判断下列各句正（T）、误（F）．

（1）According to the writer， all of us look a little different． 　　

（2）The writer recently watched a speech by Robert Hoge's mother． 　　

（3）Hoge's mother used to worry that he would face many difficulties in life． 　　

（4）When strangers made fun of him， Hoge lost his confidence． 　　

（5）The writer tries to tell us that we are special no matter what we look like． 　　

Looking for Crafts（手艺）is a documentary about the story of 199 Chinese Craftsmen．We can watch it online． Although it doesn't show beautiful pictures or exciting scenes， it quietly tells the story of traditional Chinese Crafts and their special skills． After watching the film， the warmth and faith（信念） of the traditional culture may deeply touch you．

Zhang Jin， the director of the documentary is from the countryside of Hunan． After living in a moden and busy city for many years， he became to miss the traditional crafts of his hometown，so he made a decision to record them． He sold his apartment and invited two friends to join him and travelled all over China．The film was made without professional filming machines or much money． Yet its narration （带有口音的旁白）made people feel at home．

In the film you can see an 80﹣year old man who makes paper umbrellas with bamboo for the Dai people．Making umbrellas is a long process that includes six steps． but he has continued with his hobby for 60 years．After watching the film， many people wanted to buy such an umbrella，but the old man was dead．

It's easy to notice that the hands of these craftsmen are full of wrinkles（皱纹）﹣ these craftsmen are using their lives to protect our culture heritage（遗产）． From making a piece of clay to crating a musical instrument， these crafts are hard work．

True artists give up their own comfortable lives to produce what's in their heart， which is believed to be the real meaning and the purpose of making this documentary． The film reminds people the importance of the crafts． And it has also caught a lot of attention．

I hope these ancient and wonderful skills will still be alive forever．

（1）What can we know about Looking for Grafts？ 　　

A．	It's an action movie．
B．	It tells the story of Chinese directors．
C．	It has lots of nice pictures in it．
D．	It can be watched on the internet．

（2）Why did Zhang Jin decide to make the documentary？ 　　

A．	Because he wanted to be famous．
B．	Because he needed much money．
C．	Because he hoped to work with his friends
D．	Because he missed the traditional crafts of his hometown．

（3）The old man started to make paper umbrellas at the age of 　　．

A．	20
B．	40
C．	60
D．	80

（4）What does the writer advise us to do？ 　　

A．	To make more documentaries．
B．	To protect our culture heritage．
C．	To make things by hand．
D．	To give up our comfortable life．