初中英语教育文化类阅读试题

"To raise snails （蜗牛） well， you need to spray （喷） water to the container（容器）every morning and evening，change soil every two weeks， and feed them with vegetables and sweet fruits，" said Sun Youxiang after raising snails for one year． He is a fourth﹣grade primary school student in Hangzhou， Zhejiang Province．From three white jade snails at the very beginning to more than sixty snails of four generations （代） now， he has done a great job for his science class．

    Watching the reproduction （繁殖） of animals is an uncommon experience for kids． Their creativity， patience and respect （尊重） for life will be developed as they learn to take care of animals on their own． Sun's teacher said the job served as a good example of life education． Practice is a necessary step in learning and it will benefit the kids for a life time．

    Life education allows kids to know how to live with nature and creatures （生物） in a friendly way． Starting from this year． science will become an important subject as Chinese and math in primary schools in order to improve students' knowledge about the things around us． Because of curiosity （好奇心）， more kids will be willing to watch and think through practising． It will add to our knowledge of the world in the long run．

（1）Which of the following is WRONG about Sun Youxiang ？　　

A． He is good at raising snails．

B． He makes a lot of money by raising snails．

C． Raising snails is an interesting experience for him．

D． He becomes creative and patient through taking care of snails．

（2）The underlined word " benefit" in Paragraph 2 means　　．

A． hurt

B． protect

C． be good for

D． be popular with

（3）In Paragraph 3， "Life education allows kids to know how to live with nature and creatures in a friendly way" means　　．

A． nature and creatures are friendly to kids

B． life education can make kids more friendly

C． life education tells kids how to make friends

D． life education tells kids how to get on well with nature and creatures

（4）What does Sun Youxiang's teacher think of his job ？　　

A． It takes too much time．

B． It wastes lots of money．

C． It can't help with Sun's study．

D． It serves as a good example of life education．

（5）What is the main idea of the passage ？　　

A． How to raise snails．

B． Patience， the key to success．

C． The importance of life education．

D． How to think through practising．

Would you like to improve yourself？ Would you like to be a better person？ Good news! Here we've got some tips for you．

    Tip 1Be Kind

    Remember to be kind to yourself． You can do simple things to take care of yourself， like getting enough sleep to make yourself energetic． If you don't do like that， you will not bring anything good to anyone else． When you decide to show more kindness to yourself and to others， life changes quickly in a better way．

    Tip 2Be Encouraging

    It's amazing what a kind word or touch can do． When I was a kid， I went to a lot of schools． It always made me scared， and I was very nervous and unsure of myself． One time， a teacher touched my head and said， smiling， "Don't worry﹣you'll have a good time with us in this classroom．" I still remember my teacher's words．

    All of us may come across some trouble in our life， and a bit of encouragement can be remembered for years．

    Tip 3                      

    When my sister and I were kids， my mum didn't have a car and our school was a 30﹣minute walk． Our neighbor offered to drive us to school when she dropped her son off， and that saved my mother a lot of time． Giving help to others can bring you happiness．

    When thinking about how to become a better person， remember that small changes are also important． But "be kind to yourself" comes first． As the old saying goes， "You can't pour from an empty cup．" So in order to be a person who can give more love to this world， you have to fall in love with yourself first．

（1）The underlined word "It" in Tip 2refers to （指代）　　．

A．going to a lot of schools

B．getting along with classmates

C．talking with the teacher

D．staying in the classroom

（2）What can be the best title for Tip 3？　　

A．Be Helpful

B．Be Polite

C．Be Outgoing

D．Be Honest

（3）The sentence "You can't pour from an empty cup．" in the last paragraph means "　　．"

A．To encourage others， smile to them often

B．To become a better person， start with small changes

C．To give more love to the world， be kind to yourself first

D．To make friends with neighbors， drive their kids to school

"Growing up， Einstein saw his father struggle to support the family and move the family for different jobs， Einstein had to move between schools and it was challenging for him to catch up with his new class．"

    This story about the struggles（奋斗）of famous scientists can't be found in your regular science textbook， but a new study suggested maybe it should be．

    In the study， 402 9th﹣ and 10th﹣grade students from four New York City high schools in low﹣income areas were divided into three groups． The students read some 800﹣word stories about Albert Einstein and Marie Curie． The control group read a regular science textbook description about their great achievements． Another group read about the scientists' personal struggles， like Einstein's running away from Nazi Germany． The third group read about the scientists' intellectual struggles， as they tried different experiments﹣﹣﹣ and failed．

    As it turned out，the students who had read about scientists' struggles， whether personal or intellectual， had higher grades than students who had read about achievements． Those who weren't getting good grades to begin with gained the most． Those in the control group not only didn't see a grade increase， they had lower grades than the grading before the study began．

    "We think that struggle stories showed scientists' weaknesses．" the researchers write， "which creates a sense of connection between the students and scientists． And that may make it easier for students to see them as role models．"

    "When kids think Einstein is a talent who is untouchable， then they believe they will never get there， "said lead researcher Xiaodong Lin﹣Siegler， PhD．

    If we want to educate a future generation of great scientists， we can start by changing the way we talk about the great scientists of the past． An 800﹣word story about scientists' failures， not just their achievements， in science textbooks will make it happen．

（1）What does the article mainly talk about？　　

A． Learning about struggles of scientists may help students succeed in science．

B． Reading stories of scientists' achievements will help educate future scientists．

C． Science textbooks should describe scientists' failures instead of their achievements．

D． Stories of scientists' struggles may make students see scientists as being untouchable．

（2）From Paragraph 4， we can know that　　．

A． those good at science achieved most from this exercise

B． the control group had lower grades than the other two groups

C． the students' grades in the control group remained the same

D． the students in the third group had the highest grades

（3）What's the main idea for Paragraphs 5 and 6？　　

A． Findings of the study．

B． Explanations from the researchers．

C． Process of the study．

D． Suggestions from the researchers．

（4）In the study， which of the following would the third group probably read？　　

A． Einstein won many awards in his life， including the 1921 Nobel Prize in physics．

B．Going to college was hard for Curie because at that time women were not allowed to attend school． So， Curie had to study at secret classes．

C．By the time she reached college， Curie was able to understand five languages that top scientists spoke at that time．

D．Often working hour after hour and day after day，Curie devoted herself to solving challenging problems and learning from her mistakes．

You may think that English dictionaries have been used for many， many centuries． The spelling of English has always been a problem， but it was more of a problem in the days before a dictionary． In those days people spelt words in different ways which you might find interesting． But it made reading English much more difficult． So dictionaries were invented to encourage everybody to spell the same． In fact， an English dictionary like the kind you use today wasn't made until the time of the Qing Dynasty．

    The largest dictionary in the world is the Oxford English Dictionary， or OED for short． The idea for this dictionary came from an important meeting in Britain in 1857． Twenty﹣two years later， Oxford University asked James Murray to be the editor of its new dictionary．

    Murray had not been to college． At the age of fourteen， he left his village school in Scotland and taught himself while working in a bank． Later he became a great teacher． After Oxford gave him the job， Murray had a place built in the garden behind his house to do his work． Part of it was one metre underground． In winter he had to wear a heavy coat and put his feet in a box to keep warm． Every morning， Murray got out of bed at five o'clock and worked several hours before breakfast． Often he would work by candle light into the evening．

    Murray hoped to finish the new dictionary in ten years． But after five years， he was still adding words for the letter A! Then others went to work with Murray， and his two daughters were among them． He worked on the dictionary until he was very old． Forty﹣four years later， in 1928， other editors finished it． It had more than 15，000words in twelve books． And you thought your English dictionary was big!

Notes on James Murray's life
Murray's early life	Born in Scotland． He left school at 14and became a（1）　　 worker， later a great teacher．
Murray's work on OED	He became the editor of OED in the year（2）　　． His working（3）　　were bad： ﹣he worked in a part﹣underground place in the garden（4）　　 his house ﹣in winter it was terribly cold there ﹣he often worked by candle light into the evening The time he spent on OED was much（5）　　than expected． Later others and his two daughters（6）　　him．
Other information．	OED was finished in the year 1928． It had over 15，000（7）　　in twelve books． It is the（8）　　dictionary in the world． Thanks to it， people can （9）　　 in the same way． For Murray， working on a dictionary wasn't only a （10）　　； it was a wonderful journey．

A good book can be satisfying， can improve your knowledge and can teach you a lot． There are several ways to develop a lifetime reading habit．

    Set times． You should have a few set times every day when you'll read for at least 5﹣10 minutes， no matter what happens． For example， make it a habit to read during breakfast and lunch（and even dinner if you eat alone）．

    Always carry a book． No matter where you go， take a book with you． When you leave the house， make sure to have at least one book． You may keep the book in the car， or into the office or to anywhere you go， unless you' re sure you won't have time to read．

    Make a list． Keep a list of all the great books you want to read． You can keep this in a pocket notebook． Be sure to add to it whenever you hear about a good book． Keep a running list， and cross out the ones you have read．

    Find a quiet place． Find a place in your home where you can sit in a comfortable chair without television or computer near the chair． There should be no music or noisy family members．

    Set a high aim． For example． Tell yourself that you want to read 50 books this year．Try your best to finish reading them． Just be sure you' re still enjoying the reading．

Title： Ways to （1）　　 a lifetime reading habit
Set times	●Read for at least 5﹣10 minutes， no matter what（2）　　． ●Make it a （3）　　to read during breakfast and lunch．
Always carry a book	●Carry at least one book when（4）　　the house． ●Keep the book no matter（5）　　 you go．
Make a（6）	●（7）　　to it when you hear about a good book． ●Cross out the ones you have read．
Find a quiet place	●Sit in a （8）　　 chair． ●Make sure no music or noisy family members trouble you．
（9）　　a high aim	●Do your （10）　　 to finish reading them． ●Be sure to enjoy the reading．

Mind Maps

    Mind maps are a great way of showing a picture of information that you need to learn． You can use mind maps for all kinds of learning． They work very well for vocabulary when you are learning a new language．

1Draw a circle in the middle of the page and write the vocabulary subject in the middle． For example：

    transport．

    2Brainstorm some word groups for 'transport' and think of headings for each one． For example：

    sea transport

    land transport

    air transport

    For each one， draw a short line from the centre circle outwards． Add another circle and write the new group word in the middle．

    3Look at each group and try to add more groups． For example， in 'land transport' there are two sub﹣groups；

    ●road

    ●rail

    Draw two more lines， add two more circles and write the two new headings inside them．

    4When you can't make any new groups， add a line for each word you know． Write the words along the lines or， if you have space， write them inside more circles．

    5As you learn new vocabulary， add it to the mind map．

    6To make the mind maps even better， use colour to show important ideas or parts of the map．

（1）The instructions above mainly show us　　．

A． what mind maps are

B． how to draw mind maps

C． what mind maps can do

D． how to make mind maps better

（2）What can we learn about mind maps？　　

A． Mind maps are usually started with a line．

B． Mind maps should be simple， with no colour．

C． A mind map is only used for language learning．

D． A mind map is a picture with useful information．

（3）Which of the following shows the right order of making a mind map？　　

a． Draw a circle in the middle of the page．

b． Add new circles and write the group words 'sea'， 'land' and 'air' in them．

c． Write 'transport' in the middle of the circle．

d． Brainstorm some word groups for 'transport'．

A． a﹣c﹣d﹣b．

B． a﹣d﹣c﹣b

C． d﹣a﹣c﹣b．

D． d﹣a﹣b﹣c．

Life offers so many lessons， both practical and personal， that you're never too young to begin learning them． Here are some skills to learn as soon as possible．

   Money Management

   When you start receiving money of your own． It's time to start understanding your relationship with money． In a world where you can buy any and every object， the key is to save money by buying only essentials （必需品） and a treat sometimes．

   Cooking

   One great way to save money is to learn to cook for yourself． Beyond that， cooking at home also helps you control your diet for better health． If you start doing this at an early age， you will not have to depend on your parents too much．

   Keeping Promises：

   Promises are a matter of honesty and should be made with care． We must learn from an early age that our word must be followed up by action． When it isn't， others will quickly lose trust in us and not respect us．

   Accepting Rejection （拒绝）

   Though you must． be careful not to break your word， others' promises aren't always kept． Learn about it early， and you won't be hurt easily． Also， not every job application or desired （渴望的） friendship will work out， so remember that there are more fish in the sea．

   Lifelong Learning

   No matter how old you get， there will always be things beyond your understanding． It's better to learn to be modest now rather than take a proud fall later in life． Be open to new experiences and keep learning． And it's never too late to start．

（1）How many skills are talked about in the passage？ 　　

（2）Which two skills can help you save money？ 　　

（3）If one of your friends breaks his promise to you， will you be angry？ Why or why not？ 　　

There are almost as many ways to write as there are kinds of texts． Some writers cannot produce a word unless they are poised behind a desk， while others prefer to write sitting outdoors or in noisy restaurants． Some writers create an entire work before going back to read what they have written， while others may rewrite a single paragraph many times before moving on． Individual writers' techniques may be different， but successful writers do have one thing in common； the writing process（步骤）． The writing process is made up of four stages， and each stage involves certain activities． The chart below summarizes what happens during each stage of the writing process．

What You Do During the Writing Process

Prewriting	●Choose your topic． ●Identify your purpose and audience， and select a writing form appropriate to that purpose and audience． ●Generate ideas and gather information about the topic． ●Begin to organize the information． ●Decide the main point you want to express．
Writing a Draft（草稿）	●Catch your readers' attention in the introduction． ●Provide background information． ●State your main points， your support， and your elaboration of them． ●Follow a plan of organization． ●Wrap up with a conclusion．
Revising（修改）	●Evaluate your draft． ●Revise the draft to improve its content， organization， and style．
Publishing	●Proofread， or edit your final draft． ●Publish or share your finished writing with readers． ●Reflect on your writing experience．

（1）What do successful writers have in common？　　

A． They have the writing process．

B． They like to read what they have written．

C． They write outdoors or in noisy restaurants．

D． They rewrite a single paragraph many times．

（2）When you write a draft， you should　　．

A． choose your writing topic

B． get your readers' attention in the introduction

C． publish or share your finished writing with readers

D． revise the draft to improve its content， organization and style

（3）What is the best title of the passage？　　

A． Writing Points

B． Writing Ways

C． Writing as a Process

D． Writing with Materials

We wake up very early to go to school， maybe even earlier to meet with a teacher， complete our extracurricular（课程以外的） activities， come home to have a quick dinner， talk for eight minutes with our parents and do homework until we fall asleep． But then we remember． We have to look at the American College Test（ACT） exercises one more time． Half asleep， we run downstairs to get the ACT book， and start studying． After this we finally get to turn off the lights and drift away to sleep． And then six hours later， we do it all over again．

In my health class， my teacher told us that teenagers need at least eight to nine hours of sleep each night． The sad truth is， with so much to do every day， high school students cannot keep to this sleep schedule（安排）．

Let me ask you all a question： Doesn't it seem more humane（人道的） to give a teenager perhaps two hours of homework each night？ This would allow us to have the eight to nine hours of much needed sleep． Or does it seem better to pile students with five hours of work a night？ It leaves us very little time to relax， therefore reducing the time that we can sleep．

In my opinion， the present structure（结构） of the junior year of high school doesn't work well． Junior year of high school is a time for growth． By this time many students have the ability to think creatively， and solve challenging problems． Homework is important for a student's growth． But do we really need to spend countless hours a night doing it？ Too much homework can only lead to too little sleep and too low an ability． I do think it is time to change the structure， so that we sleep at home， and learn at school．

（1）In the first paragraph the writer gives　　．

A． a picture of the present daily life of high school students

B． an example of an ideal daily life of high school students

C． a reason for high school students to live a busy daily school life

D． a suggestion of what high school students should do to pass ACT

（2）From the last paragraph we know that the writer thinks　　．

A． Junior year of high school is the most important growth period

B． challenging problems are needed for a teenager's growth

C． the ability to think has nothing to do with homework

D． the present structure leads to students often sleeping in class

（3）Why does the writer write this article？　　

A． To prove the role of enough sleep in teenagers' growth．

B． To complain about the problems in the system of the ACT．

C． To ask for a change for less homework and more sleep．

D． To discuss the relationship between sleep and homework．

One day a professor entered the classroom and told the students about a surprising test． He gave the test papers to all the students and said： "Begin"． The students were confused to see that there was not a question but just a black dot（点） in the center of the page． The professor noticed the students' face expression and told them， "I want you to write about what you see there．"

The students were still confused but got started with the test． At the end of the class， the professor took all the answer sheets and started reading each answer from each sheet in front of the students． All of them described about the black dot and tried to explain its position etc.. After the professor finished reading， the whole class was silent．

Professor began to explain， "Don't worry． I am not going to give you grades for this but I just want you to think about something． Here everyone focused on the black dot and wrote about it but no one wrote about the white paper． The same is with our life． The white paper represents our whole life and the black dot represents problems in our life． "

"Our lives are a gift to us by God， with love and care， and we always have reasons to celebrate ﹣ our friends around us， the job that provides us our livelihood， the miracles we see every day．"

"Still we just focused on day to day problems like health issues， lack of money， problems in relationships ect．， but we never see that these problems are very small compared with everything we have in our life．"

44． What's the Chinese meaning of the underlined word "confused" in the first paragraph？　_　

A． 迷惑的

B． 兴奋的

C． 绝望的

D． 惊讶的

45． Why were the students confused when they saw the test papers？　　

A． Because it was a surprising test．

B． Because the test papers were blank（空白的）．

C． Because there was not a question but just a black dot in the papers．

D． Because the questions were too difficult for them．

46． How many students wrote about the white paper？　　

A． None of them．

B． Some of them．

C． All of them．

D． Only one．

47． What did the professor want to tell us？　　

A． Be sure to answer the question from two sides．

B． The white paper represents our whole life and the black dot represents problems in our life．

C． We should just focus on day to day problems like health issues， lack of money， problems in relationships etc．．

D． Take the eyes from the problems and cherish each moment that life gives us． Be happy and live a positive life．

B    

     Many children in England get given lunch at school．There are new rules about what children may be given for these lunches．The reason for this is to give children healthier food．There are many foods that children aren't allowed to eat and they're only allowed to eat small amounts of fatty or sweet food．If you were at a school there，you might hear this conversation as you wait for your lunch．

      Josh：Whats for lunch？I want chips．

      Dinner lady：No chips today．You've had chips twice this week already．

      Josh：Oh!OK，I'll have a chicken pie with gravy．

      Dinner lady：No，sorry．You've had a pastry dish （油酥食品） once this week already．

      Josh：Really!Oh yes，on Monday．Well，what can I have？I'd like pasta and sauce．

      Dinner lady：No，sorry．Pasta counts as （算作）a pastry dish．So you can't have that，either．

You've had two pastry dishes this week﹣a meat pie and a pizza．You can have vegetables or salad．The meatballs are nice today．

      Josh：All right．I'll have meatballs and steamed vegetables．I hope they're tasty．

      Dinner lady：They're good for you!

      Josh：I miss my chips．They're my favorite．I used to have them every day．Before these new rules came in．

     Dinner lady：Well，that's why these rules were brought in．Too many children were eating junk food，especialy chips．Children like chips，but they aren't a healthy choice．

       Josh：I'll have an apple juice with that，please．

      Dinner lady：OK，but its only 150 ml．You aren't allowed more than that as juice has sugar

in it．The new rules encourage you to drink water．No soft drinks at all．

      Students cannot have more than two portions （价额）a week of food that has been deep﹣fired．They must have at least three different fruits and three different vegetables every week．Whole grains such as brown bread are to be given，instead of"white"grains．

      These ru les are to teach healthy eating and to stop children putting on too much weight．This will make sure that more people are healthy in the future．

6．The new rules about gwen lunch are brought in to　　．

A．give children healthier food       

B．sell fruit and vegetables   

C．help students save money

7．What did Josh have for lunch in the conversation？　　

A．Chips．

B．A chicken pie with gravy    

C．Meatballs and steamed vegetables．

8．The new rules encourage children to have　　a week

A.150 ml soft drinks      

B.3 portions of deep﹣fired food  

C．more than 3 kinds of vegetables

9．Many children in England get given lunch．In that way，children　　．

A．can eat whatever they like    

B．must choose food by rules   

C．can put on weight quickly

10 The passageis about　　．

A．healthy school lunches      

B．how to order food     

C．school rules．

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题．（请注意问题后的字数要求）

[1]Once，when there was a famine（饥荒），a rich baker sent for twenty of the poorest children in the town，and said to them，"In this basket there is a loaf（面包）for each of you．Take it，and come back to me every day at this hour for more．"

[2]The hungry children gathered eagerly about the basket，and fought over the bread because each wanted the largest loaf．At last they went away without even （77）　thanking/saying thanks （goodbye）to/expressing thanks to　 the good baker．

[3]Gretchen，a poorly dressed little girl，did not fight or struggle with the other children，but stood quietly in the distance（远处），When the badly behaved children had left．Gretchen took the smallest loaf，which was all that was left in the basket．She kissed the baker's hand and went home．

[4]（78）第二天，孩子们表现得像以前一样糟糕．Gretchen got a loaf almost half the size of the one she got the first day．When she came home，her mother cut the loaf open．Many new shining pieces of silver fell out of it．

[5]Her mother was very worried and said，"Take the money back to the baker at once．The silver must have fallen into the dough by accident．By quick，Gretchen!"

[6]When the little girl gave the rich man her mother's message，he said，"（79）It was no mistake，I had the silver pieces put into the smallest loaf to reward（奖赏）you．Always be as content（满足），peaceable，and thankful as you now are．Go home now，and tell your mother that the money is yours to keep．"

76．What did Gretchen do while the others fought over the bread？（no more than 6 words）

77．Fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words（no more than 3 words）．

78．Translate the Chinese sentence in the fourth paragraph into English．

79．Translate the underlined sentences in the sixth paragraph into Chinese．

80．What do you think of Gretchen and her mother？

Thinking is something you choose to do， just as a fish choose to live in water． To be human is to be always thinking． But thinking may come naturally without your knowing how you do it． Thinking about thinking is the key to critical thinking． When you think critically， you take control of your own ideas， or you might be controlled by others' ideas． Indeed， critical thinking is at the heart of education．

The word "critical" here has a special meaning． It doesn't mean taking one opinion against another， as when someone criticizes （批评） another person for doing something wrong． The nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond （超出） what you easily see ﹣ beyond the pictures on TV or reports in newspapers．

What are critical thinkers like？ If you want to know about life and hope to dig deeper into it， you are a critical thinker． If you find pleasure in deep thinking about different ideas， characters， and facts， you are a critical thinker．

Critical thinking is a deep and careful thinking． It takes time， and doesn't go with the fast speed in today's world． If you are among people who believe speed is a measure of intelligence （智力测量）， you may learn something new from a story about Albert Einstein． The first time Hoffman， a well﹣known scientist， talked with Einstein about his work， he was too nervous to speak． But Einstein got him relaxed right away by saying， "Please go slowly． I don't understand things quickly．"

56． According to the passage， if we don't think critically，　　．

A． it will be hard for us to think fast

B． we will make mistakes easily

C． we might be fooled by other people

D． we might be controlled by others' ideas

57． What's the main idea of Paragraph 2？　　

A． Don't believe in others．

B． Criticizing others is wrong．

C． What the word "critical" means．

D． The word "critical" is quite special．

58． If you are a critical thinker， you will　　．

A． think deeply about different ideas

B． believe the reports in newspapers

C． take one opinion against another

D． criticize other people for their mistakes

59． The story of Einstein mentioned in the passage shows　　．

A． Einstein thinks quickly

B． Hoffman thinks slowly

C． speed can improve intelligence

D． intelligence is not decided by speed

60． What can be the best title of the passage？　　

A． Critical Thinkers

B． Critical Thinking

C． Thinking Naturally

D． Thinking Fast

Many kids help parents to do chores in the house． They may take out the trash， walk the dog or sweep the floor． In return， some kids get money or other rewards from their parents， such as 20minutes to play computer games．

But some people do not think that kids should get rewards for doing chores． One of them is Jane Smith， a parenting educator and family coach． She believes if kids get rewards， they may think that work isn't worth doing unless you get something in return． For example， kids won't sweep the floor if they see it is dirty． But they will do it if their parents reward them for it．

"Every house is a team effort，" Jane said． "A home is a living space for everyone in the family． It's important for kids to see that we all have a responsibility to keep our home clean．"

Other people hold different opinions． They believe that money or other rewards encourage kids to do more chores． It also teaches them real world lessons． They can learn about how we need to work to make money．

Now， there are also apps that encourage kids to do chores． The apps give kids points and digital （电子的） gifts that can be used either online or in life． With the app ChoreMonster， kids earn digital points after doing chores． Kids can exchange their points for real rewards， such as time to play video games or a trip to the mall． "Our goal is to encourage kids so they can earn rewards，" says Joe Black， founder of ChoreMonster． "Kids need positive （积极的） power to make them do chores．"

51． Jane Smith thinks that　　．

A． housework isn't worth doing

B． kids are not willing to do chores

C． kids should get something in return

D． kids shouldn't get rewards for doing chores

52． ChoreMonster is a（n）　　．

A． educator

B． coach

C． app

D． app founder

53． If rewarded for doing chores， kids can learn to　　．

A． take responsibilities     

B． use apps well

C． make money through work  

D． understand team effort

54． What's the purpose of the apps mentioned in the passage？　　

A． To give kids points and gifts．

B． To encourage kids to do chores．

C． To exchange points for real rewards．

D． To give kids advice on doing chores．

55． The passage mainly talks about　　．

A． how to encourage kids to do chores

B． what kind of chores kids should do

C． if kids should do chores at home

D． whether kids should be rewarded for doing chores

It's difficult when you have no good friends around﹣﹣﹣maybe because you have moved to a different school or a different class or you re sick at home．没有朋友你也许会感到寂寞．You want to have new friends．But how to make them？How do you start？How do you get along with people？Here are five ways to help you to do these．

Greet（问候）people

     Greet people and hope that they have a good day﹣﹣﹣whatever time of day it is．It doesn't hurt any people．It also makes people think you're friendly．

Share

     Take something to eat in your pocket．Ask if people would like to have some，and at the

same time hand it to them．

Help people

     Simple actions，like helping people carry something or opening a door show your kindness．

Smile

     Perhaps smiling is the easiest way to introduce yourself．There's a great reason why it takes fewer muscles（肌肉）to smile than to cry．Nature just wishes us to smile more．

Respect（尊敬）others

     The world's full of differences．So learn to respect others．It is the only way other people will respect you．

76．将文中划线的汉语句子译成英语．

　　

77．将文中划线的英语句子译成汉语．

　　

78．回答问题

What does the writer advise us to take in our pockets？

　　

79．回答问题

Which takes more muscles，smiling or crying？

　　

80．回答问题

What does the underlined word"It"in the last sentence refer to（指的是）？

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