Life offers so many lessons， both practical and personal， that you're never too young to begin learning them． Here are some skills to learn as soon as possible．
Money Management 
When you start receiving money of your own． It's time to start understanding your relationship with money． In a world where you can buy any and every object， the key is to save money by buying only essentials （必需品） and a treat sometimes．
Cooking 
One great way to save money is to learn to cook for yourself． Beyond that， cooking at home also helps you control your diet for better health． If you start doing this at an early age， you will not have to depend on your parents too much．
Keeping Promises： 
Promises are a matter of honesty and should be made with care． We must learn from an early age that our word must be followed up by action． When it isn't， others will quickly lose trust in us and not respect us．
Accepting Rejection （拒绝） 
Though you must． be careful not to break your word， others' promises aren't always kept． Learn about it early， and you won't be hurt easily． Also， not every job application or desired （渴望的） friendship will work out， so remember that there are more fish in the sea．
Lifelong Learning 
No matter how old you get， there will always be things beyond your understanding． It's better to learn to be modest now rather than take a proud fall later in life． Be open to new experiences and keep learning． And it's never too late to start．
（1）How many skills are talked about in the passage？
（2）Which two skills can help you save money？
（3）If one of your friends breaks his promise to you， will you be angry？ Why or why not？
When it comes to the letter grade on your test or homework， you might notice that there is no letter E． Have you ever thought about why that is so？
In the A， B， C， D and F grading system， the first four letters are typically considered passing grades． An F in this system simply stands for"fail"．The word"fail"happens to start with the letter F， which seems to leave out the letter E． The fact of the matter is that any letter can mean "not﹣passing" or "fail"．Some schools have U grade for"unsatisfactory"，or I grade for "incomplete"．
Even with all this said， we should also point out that E grade actually has been used pretty commonly throughout the history of letter grades in the US．
The first college in the US to use a letter grading system like the ones we use today is Mount Holyoke College． In 1897，they began to use the following grading scale：
A： 95﹣100%（excellent）
B： 85﹣94%（good）
C： 76﹣84%（fair）
D： 75%（barely passed）
E： below 75%（failed）
We can see the inclusion of E instead of F．
Gradually，the letter grading system became more popular throughout the US． However， many schools decided to drop the E grade and go straight to F．There is no evidence（证据） to really support this，but one possible explanation is that teachers were worried that some students and parents might mistake E for "excellent"．
Why do we have letter grades？ Well，part of the reason is that they made grading simpler during a time of great change for schools． As the 20th century began，growing cities and an increase in immigration led to larger school classrooms． Most teachers at that time thought this new letter grading system was an easy，fair and clear way to grade students．
Today，more and more people argue that letter grades don't fully reflect（反映） student learning．However，as teachers try to improve grading methods，many parents continue to favor the letter grades they got as kids．They are familiar（熟悉） and easy for parents to understand． So while they might not be perfect， the letter grades probably aren't going away any time soon．
（1）what does an F stand for in the A、B、C、D and F grading system？
（2）when was the letter grading system first used in the US college？
（3）what is one possible explanation for dropping the E grade？
（4）what did most teachers think of the letter grading system in the 20th century？
（5）why do many parents still prefer the letter grades today？
阅读下面短文，根据要求完成下列各题．
This is such a heart﹣warming piece of news in the cold winter． Some days ago， the temperature was only ﹣6℃ in Kaifeng， Henan． Someone ordered 50 cups of warm porridge（粥） through Meituan App and noted " Please give the porridge to those sanitation（环卫） workers who are clearing snow on the road nearby and those delivery（递送） men who are delivering food． "When the porridge shop owner received the order， he was moved by the note and provided 60 cups．
The story didn′t end here． As soon as the food delivery man got the big order，he shared it with his workmates so that they could also get paid． Finally， Meituan returned the money to the porridge buyer， Mr． Zhang and gave him a reward of ¥500． Although he had to raise his newly﹣ born baby and pay for his
house every month， Mr． Zhang said he would surely continue delivering love．
The kind help also encouraged many other citizens in Kaifeng．This summer，volunteers are sending cool drinks everyday．
Similar stories have happened in many other places in China． Outdoor workers in different cities are able to enjoy free and caring help． Lots of "love posts"are providing "coolness"in hot summer and"warmth"in cold winter． Just as a citizen of Kaifeng said，"I feel deeply moved and warm in heart．"
In fact， we get love and give love every day． Love delivery makes our life better and more beautiful．
根据上面短文的内容回答问题（每个小题答案不超过6个单词）
（1）What did Mr． Zhang order through Meituan App？
（2）How many cups of porridge did the shop owner provide？
（3）What did the delivery man do when he got the big order？
（4）Was Mr． Zhang rich？
（5）How do you feel after reading this passage？
Paying for bus rides with plastic usually makes people think of plastic bus cards．But one Indonesian city has decided to accept plastic recyclable waste in place of money for city buses．
Surabaya， Indonesia's second largest city， located on the eastern end of the country′s main island Java， made this decision in April 2018．Now，locals can pay for their bus rides by putting plastic cups or bottles directly on the bus．A two﹣hour bus ride costs 10 plastic cups or 5 bottles．
Indonesia is the second largest ocean plastic polluter， producing up to 2.4 million tons of plastic waste into the oceans every year according to a report．Only in Surabaya nearly 400 tons of plastic waste is produced every day．The head of Surabaya's transportation department（交通部门） said，"With this decision， we hope to raise public awareness about environment， especially people's awareness about plastic waste．"
Each city bus can collect up to 550 pounds of plastic bottles and cups every day．The collected bottles are sold to recycling companies and the money earned from it goes toward running the bus companies and providing money for green spaces in the city．This is certainly turning rubbish into a national treasure．
The decision is part of the city's purpose to become plastic waste﹣free by 2020．In order to encourage local people to take buses，the city also added the new Suroboyo buses．The new buses are air﹣conditioned，comfortable and easy for elderly and disabled passengers to get on and off．
The program is well received．People in Surabaya said，"We can reduce waste so it doesn't pile up at home because we can just bring it in and make good use of it． It is a win﹣win situation．"
This type of program can be a model for other cities worldwide and encourage citizens to recycle their plastic waste．
回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过六个词．
（1）Instead of money， how can locals in Surabaya pay for bus rides now？
（2）How much plastic waste does a two﹣hour bus ride cost？
（3）How much plastic waste is produced in Surabaya every day？
（4）What is the purpose of the new program？
（5）What do local people think of the new program？
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题．（请注意问题后的字数要求）
[1]Once，when there was a famine（饥荒），a rich baker sent for twenty of the poorest children in the town，and said to them，"In this basket there is a loaf（面包）for each of you．Take it，and come back to me every day at this hour for more．"
[2]The hungry children gathered eagerly about the basket，and fought over the bread because each wanted the largest loaf．At last they went away without even （77） thanking/saying thanks （goodbye）to/expressing thanks to the good baker．
[3]Gretchen，a poorly dressed little girl，did not fight or struggle with the other children，but stood quietly in the distance（远处），When the badly behaved children had left．Gretchen took the smallest loaf，which was all that was left in the basket．She kissed the baker's hand and went home．
[4]（78）第二天，孩子们表现得像以前一样糟糕．Gretchen got a loaf almost half the size of the one she got the first day．When she came home，her mother cut the loaf open．Many new shining pieces of silver fell out of it．
[5]Her mother was very worried and said，"Take the money back to the baker at once．The silver must have fallen into the dough by accident．By quick，Gretchen!"
[6]When the little girl gave the rich man her mother's message，he said，"（79）It was no mistake，I had the silver pieces put into the smallest loaf to reward（奖赏）you．Always be as content（满足），peaceable，and thankful as you now are．Go home now，and tell your mother that the money is yours to keep．"
76．What did Gretchen do while the others fought over the bread？（no more than 6 words）
77．Fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words（no more than 3 words）．
78．Translate the Chinese sentence in the fourth paragraph into English．
79．Translate the underlined sentences in the sixth paragraph into Chinese．
80．What do you think of Gretchen and her mother？
Have you seen advertisements about hair care products？The models（模特） have shining hair like jewels（宝石）．But now making hair shine is no longer the task of hair care products，because hair can be made into real jewels．Believe it or not，a company called LifeGem in the US makes it possible．
The company is in the business of taking hair from dead people and making them into diamonds（钻石）．Now the company plans to make three diamonds using Beethoven's hair to show their latest technology．The work will take about 7months．In the end，Beethoven's long hair will become three shining diamonds．
Since the great musician died in 1827，you may wonder where they got Beethoven's hair．A man called John Reznikoff gave the hair to the company．He holds the Guinness World Record for the latest and most valuable collection of celebrity（名人） hair．His collection also includes hair of Napoleon，Albert Einstein，Abraham Lincoln and John F．Kennedy．In total，the collection is worth over five million dollars．
Though it sounds unbelievable，diamonds made with hair are for the families to remember the dead．
Answer the questions according to the passage．
76．What does the company of LifeGem do？
77．How did the company get Beethoven's hair？
78．John Reznikoff doesn't collect Albert Einstein's hair，does he？
79．How long will the work take？
80．What are the diamonds made with hair for？
．
Once upon a time there lived a king called Minos．He ruled the island of Crete．And he also had a terrible monster （怪兽） called the Minotaur．The Minotaur lived at the center of a very large maze（迷宫）．It had the body of a man but the head of a bull．
Minos was a cruel king．Whenever he was bored，he would attack（进攻） a nearby island called Athens．In order to get peace，King Aegeus of Athens made a deal with King Minos．If Minos didn't attack Athens，he would send seven boys and seven girls to Crete every nine years to be eaten by the Minotaur．
It was time again to send the children to Crete．Theseus，the son of King Aegeus，could not stand this situation，and decided to go as the seventh boy and kill the Minotaur．He promised his father that if he was successful，he would use white sails（船帆） instead of the black ones to show he was alive．
When arriving in Crete，Theseus met King Minos'daughter called Ariadne．She fell in love with him and wanted to help him．So when the children were sent to the Minotaur，Ariadne gave Theseus a ball of string （细绳） and a knife．Theseus left a line of string behind him when he entered the maze．After he killed the monster，he followed the string and got out of the maze．Ariadne was waiting outside．They quickly ran away together before Minos could catch them．
However，on the journey home，Theseus was so full of joy that he forgot to change the color of the sails．As soon as King Aegeus saw the black sails，he was so upset and jumped into the sea．Since then，the sea has been called the Aegean Sea in memory of King Aegeus．
56．Who had the Minotaur，King Aegeus or King Minos？
57．Where did the Minotaur live？
58．How often would King Aegeus send seven boys and seven girls to Crete according to the deal？
59．How did Theseus get out of the maze after he killed the monster？
60．Why did King Aegeus feel upset and jump into the sea as soon as he saw the black sails？
．
Eight years ago， 1﹣week﹣old Diandian was left behind． When people found her in the reeds （芦苇） of a lake， she looked too weak to survive． Now she is the mother of three milu， thanks to the workers' attention and care at the East Dongting Lake National Nature Reserve．
Li is the president of a milu conservation association in Yueyang and head of a local milu and bird rescue center， where 11 deer， including Diandian， have their families． Li and his workmates need to work extra hours to take care of the animals from March until mid﹣May． He remembers March 18 this year． He fed Diandian some fresh shoots and leaves for breakfast as usual， and moments later when he returned，a newborn milu was right beside her． Since it is her third baby and born in the third month of the year，people named it Sansan， referring to "three﹣three"． Li has developed a deep affection for milu and made up his mind to protect them． "As our country is paying more attention to environmental and wildlife protection， people are increasingly aware that milu are state﹣protected animalsm，" Li said．
Milu habitats （栖息地） are usually centered around water， and fishing equipment that used to be a threat to the animals is no longer seen in nature reserves． On May 27， a team of experts went to watch milu near Dongting Lake． It takes time and luck to meet one and count them especially when they live in the thick reeds that are 4 to 5 meters tall． The team leader Song， saw a milu for the first time when he was studying for his doctorate in zoology early in 2009． Since then， he has helped protect the habitats at Dongting Lake． As the flood season is coming， Song and his workmates will go around the lake area day and night to save deer in trouble， and provide feed for the animals when needed．
As the environment improves in and around Dongting Lake， China's second﹣largest freshwater lake， the wetland has become cover once again for wildlife． "We will continue to protect these rare animals and their living environment，" Song said．
请将答案写在答题卡上
（1）How was Diandian when she was found in the reeds eight years ago？
（2）Why do people call Diandian's new baby Sansan？
（3）Why does Li think more people realize milu are state﹣protected animals？
（4）When did Song start to devote himself to protecting the habitats at Dongting Lake？
（5）What can you learn from Li， Song and Their workmates？ （请自拟一句话作答）
Long ago， Mother Nature gave each tree a different purpose． However， she did not share her sons with the trees．
Fir Tree（杉树） had many tree friends．In summer，they watched Bird and Squirrel（松鼠）play in the field．Then autumn arrived．The leaves on other trees turned colourful．Fir Tree's leaves stayed green．Fir Tree told Mother Nature that he wanted his leaves to change colours too．
"Be patient，" Mother Nature said． "You will learn your purpose．"
So Fir Tree waited．The temperature dropped． Bird flew south， and Squirrel was nowhere around．All the trees lost their leaves except Fir Tree． Soon it snowed．Fir Tree cried，"Why don't I change like my friends？"
"Be patient，" Mother Nature replied． " Soon you will get to know your purpose．"
Just then， Squirrel appeared．She was cold．She asked if she could build a warm home in branches（树枝）．Other trees said no because they had no leaves． But Fir Tree said yes． Squirrel ran up Fir Trees branches． Soon， she was warm， comfortable and asleep．
Fir Tree was happy that his green leaves provided a warm home for animals in winter． He finally understood his purpose．
（1）What did Fir Tree want to do in autumn？ （不超过10个词）
（2）Why did other trees say no to Squirrel？ （不超过10个词）
（3）What purpose did Fir Tree understand at last？ （不超过15个词）
In 1988，Wang Chengbang retired（退休）from the army.Instead of enjoying a relaxing life，he volunteered to save the soil from desertification（沙漠化）by planting trees in Korla，Xinjiang.
It is no easy job.The high temperature in Korla makes it difficult for anyone to work day after day in the sunshine.Besides，water is a big problem.In fact，Wang Chengbang's work in the first few years failed as very few trees survived（存活）.
But Wang Chengbang would not give up."After trying many different ways，I have learned how to grow young trees in a better way，" said Wang Chengbang.He also worked out new ways to save water.With his hard work，more and more trees have survived.So far，he has planted more than 1.5 million trees.Those green trees prevent desertification，make the air cleaner and protect people from the hot sun.Now，Korla is a model city in environmental protection.
Wang Chengbang is also successful in fighting cancer（癌症）.In 2005，he had cancer and was told that he had only six months to live.However，he continued taking care of his trees rather than lying on the hospital bed."Working is the best medicine.Planting trees helps to fight cancer，" he often jokes.
Now，at the age of 85，Wang Chengbang is still working.
（1）Is it an easy job for Wang Chengbang to plant trees？
（2）How many trees has Wang Chengbang planted so far？
（3）What is Wang Chengbang successful in？
（4）In the summer holiday，do you want to be a volunteer to work with Wang Chengbang？Why or why not？
At an early time，a paper ticket was necessary even for passengers who bought tickets online.But now people are saying goodbye to paper tickets.
Passengers can swipe（刷）an ID card to pass through a gate before taking a high﹣speed train. "It's very convenient and fast， "said Wu Yuanzhen，a passenger from Guangxi. "I am a business man and travel a lot by train.For us，time is money.E﹣tickets save time and improve travel efficiency（效率）. "
For passengers who need to change or return their tickets，they can change the tickets or get their fund（退款） through 12306.cn or the ticket office at the station.
Since 2011，passengers have been able to swipe their ID cards at self﹣service machines to take the Beijing﹣Tianjin high﹣speed railway and Beijing﹣Shanghai high﹣speed railway.And now checking﹣in by swiping an ID card is available at high﹣speed railway stations in most cities across China.At stations in some remote（偏远）areas，passengers still need a paper ticket to get on a train.
（1）Were paper tickets necessary when people travelled by train 15 years ago？
（2）What is the advantage of c﹣tickets？
（3）How can you change or return your e﹣tickets？
（4）Is checking﹣in by swiping an ID card available in your hometown？
（5）According to the passage，where do people sill have to use a paper train ticket in China？
Ten years ago，when I was in high school，Mrs．While was my language teacher．One day at lunch time，I was about to eat my cold fish sandwich and she suddenly asked me if she could buy my lunch from me．She explained that I could use the money to buy a hot lunch from the cafeteria（食堂）．I was very pleased．I had never thought of going to the cafeteria to buy my lunch like other students．The food at the cafeteria was too expensive for my family．
Kids always complained about the cafeteria food but I really wanted to buy it．When we finished lunch that day，she told me that she was a Catholic and Catholics don't eat red meat on Fridays﹣they eat fish on Fridays．After that，every Friday Mrs．White bought my fish sandwich and with the money I could buy a hot lunch from the cafeteria．
One year later，I learned from a classmate that Mrs．White was not a Catholic and her family was not rich．She bought my cold sandwich because she saw a little girl that was excited to have a hot lunch．She wanted to help me!I couldn't help crying．I will never forget her kind heart．I will remember my dear Mrs．White all my life．
根据短文内容回答下列各题．
92．Why didn't the writer go to the cafeteria to have lunch？
93．How did the writer feel when Mrs．White wanted to buy her cold fish sandwich？
94．What did the writer do with the money from Mrs．White？
95．Was Mrs．White a Catholic？
96．What kind of person was Mrs．White？ ．
The Future of Chinese
Do you know that one fifth of the planet speaks Chinese？About 873million people speak ①it at home in China，people in Singapore，Malaysia and some other Asian countries also speak Chinese．②That makes Chinese the most widely used first languages in the world．
③ in，Chinese，schoolchildren，UK，the，are，USA，and，learning （．） In the future，people will speak Chinese as an international language because China is becoming a very important country in the world．④Many foreigners visit China，and many countries trade China． China is a world leader，and so many people will learn Chinese and speak Chinese as an international language．
66．写出文中①处画线代词的所指内容．
67．将文中②处画线句子翻译成汉语．
68．将文中③处画线内容连词成句．（标点符号已在括号内给出）
69．文中④处画线句子有一处错误，改正、将正确的句子抄写在横线上．
70．Why does the writer think Chinese will be an international language？ ．
To the Editor，
I am writing as a member of One﹣on﹣One，the sixth﹣grade mentoring （指导） group．Our group is two years old and made up of 14 students．Our task is to help students reach their goals through mentoring．We hope the readers of this school newspaper will join our group． This is my first year as a mentor，but I have already learned that everyone taking part in mentoring gets something out of it．
I was assigned （分配） to a mentor last year． Mentoring was one of the best things that happened to me． I was able to turn the corner at an important point in my studies， going from nearly failing math to passing it． It still amazes me that I completely changed from almost hating math to loving it! Would you believe I'm even thinking of studying math in college？ Even if I don't， I have skills that I will use for the rest of my life． My own experience made me feel certain of becoming a mentor this year and helping other students like myself． Now that I am a mentor， I realize what a good feeling you get from helping someone else and knowing that you' re making a difference in his or her life．In many situations，lasting friendships are made as well． My mentor and I hit it off right away．And we're still good friends today．
Becoming a mentor is a serious commitment（承诺）．Mentors spend one hour every week with the student they are mentoring．Considering your responsibilities，it may be difficult to add another commitment to your schedule．But I hope you will at least consider the possibility．
Thank you for considering our invitation． We look forward to hearing from you．
Sincerely，
Mark Lopez
（1）将划线句子Our task is to help students reach their goals through mentoring．翻译成汉语．
（2）参照示例，列举Mark在数学学习方面的两个转变．
①pass the math exams
②
③
（3）从文中找出与"I became friends with my mentor as soon as we met．"句子意思相同或相近的句子．
（4）根据短文内容填空．每空一词．
Mark， one of the mentors， offered to write a letter to ask the of the school newspaper to consider the possibility of the mentoring group．
Need a reason to be happy？ Then you will be happy to know that March 20th is the International Day of happiness．
The united Nations set up the International Day of happiness in 2012 to remind us that happiness is a basic human goal and right．
It was celebrated for the first time in 2013． On that day， we celebrated hundreds of " Happy Heroes" ﹣ those who did so much to bring happiness to others． They helped the homeless to live a comfortable life and the poor kids to go to school．
The 2014 Day of Happiness actions asked people to share pictures of making them happy． People all over the world showed their favourite pictures on the Internet． "It's exciting to see so many people sharing photos of what makes them happy．" Joe， a senior high school students from Canada said． The 2015 Day of happiness actions gave attention on relationships． Modern society is leaving more and more people felling lonely． On that day， thousands of people all around the world reached out to make new connections with others． They visited their neighbours， gave calls to the doctors they didn't know very well， drove the strangers to station for free…
The theme of the 1029 Day of Happiness is "Happier Together"． It encourages people worldwide to focus on what we have in common， rather than what divides us．
（1）When is the International Day of Happiness？
（2）Why did the United Nations set up the International Day of Happiness？
（3）How did Joe feel when he saw many people sharing photos？
（4）According to the passage， more and more people are feeling happy in modern society，aren't they？
（5）What is the theme of 2019 Day of Happiness？
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