初中英语阅读表达阅读理解

The Winter Olympics are also called the White Olympics. At this time, many colorful stamps are published (发行) to mark (标志) the great Games. The first stamps marking the opening came out on January 25, 1932 in the United States for the 3rd White Olympics. From then on, publishing stamps during the White Olympics became a rule.
During the 4th White Olympics, a set of stamps were published in Germany in November 1936. The five Olympics rings were drawn on the front of the sportswear. It was the first time that the rings appeared on stamps celebrating the White Olympics.
In the 1950's, the stamps became more colorful. When the White Olympics arrived, the host countries (东道国) as well as the non-host countries published stamps to mark the Games. China also published four stamps in February 1980, when Chinese sportsmen began to take part in the White Olympics.
Japan is the only Asian country that has ever held the White Olympics. Altogether 14,500 million stamps were sold to raise (筹集) money for this sports meeting.
Different kinds of sports were drawn on these small stamps. People can enjoy the beauty of the wonderful movements of some sportsmen.
The White Olympics and the Winter Olympics are different games.
The Winter Olympics are held every four years。
Only the host countries can publish stamps to mark the Games.
In November 1936，the five Olympics rings were first drawn on the front of  the sportswear.
Japan is the only Asian country that has ever held the White Olympics.

阅读下面的短文，并完成短文后的任务。
Have you ever wondered why birds sing? Maybe you thought that they were just happy. After all, you probably also sing or whistle when you are happy.
Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy. However, they sing most of the time for a very different reason. Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory.
Do you know what a “territory” is? A territory is an area that an animal, usually the male, claims（宣称）as its own. Only he and his family are welcome there. No other families of the same species（物种）are welcome. Your yard and house are your territory where only your family and friends are welcome. (76▲) If a stranger should enter your territory and want to hurt you, you might shout. Probably this would be enough to frighten him away.
If so, you have actually frightened the stranger away without having to fight him. (78▲)一只鸟也将会做同样的事. But he expects an outsider almost any time, especially at nesting （筑巢）season. So he is screaming（尖叫）all the time, whether he can see an outsider or not. This screaming is what we call a bird’s song, and it is usually enough to keep an outsider away.
Birds sing loudest in spring when they are trying to attract a mate（同伴）and warn others not to enter the territory of theirs.
You can see that birds have a language of their own. Most of it has to do with attracting mates and setting up territories.
根据 (76) 处划线部分的意思来完成下面句子。（每空一词，共2词）
You might frighten a stranger away by _______ _______ him if he should enter your territory and want to hurt you.
根据文章，给下列问题选择最佳选项。
What is a bird’s “territory”?  (       )

A．A place where other families of the same species are welcome.

B．A place where a bird can sing loudly.

C．An area where birds often fight against each other.

D．An area which a bird considers to be its own.

将 (78) 处划线句子翻译成英语。
_______________________________________________________________.
从文中找出一个与“establish” 同义的短语，并填在横线上。
____________________________________________.
概括本文的中心大意（不超过10个单词）。
_______________________________________________________________.

根据短文内容完成下列表格，并将完整单词写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。(每空一词)
Qian Xuesen was a rocket scientist. He was famous all over the world as the father of China’s space technology. He was born in 1911. On October 31, 2009, he passed away peacefully at the age of 98.
When Qian Xuesen was three years old, his father got a job in the Ministry of Education in Beijing, so he and his family came to Beijing. Qian Xuesen graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934. In 1935, he went to the United States for further study. In 1950, he heard that the new China had been founded, he began to try his best to go back to his motherland. Although the American government tried to stop him from his journey, he succeeded in going back in 1955.
Since 1958, Dr. Qian had devoted all his life to China’s aerospace science and technology (航天技术) and made great achievements. He set up China’s first missile-and-rocket-research institute (导弹、火箭研究机构), which later helped start China’s space program. He retired in 1991,the year before China’s manned space program (载人航天计划) was started. His research formed the basis (基础) of the Long March CZ-2F rocket that carried astronaut Yang Liwei into orbit in 2003.
Qian Xuesen--- the _____1____of China’s space technology

Personal details	Qian Xuesen was ____2____as a rocket scientist.
Career	Qian Xuesen came to Beijing at 3 years old when his father got a job there. In 1934, he graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University. In 1935, he went to America for _____3______ study. In 1955, he succeeded in going back to China, although the American government tried to ___4_____ him from his journey. Since 1958, Dr. Qian had devoted all his life to our country and made great achievements.
Achievements	He set up China’s first missile-and-rocket-research institute and helped start China’s space  ___5_____  . His research formed the basis (基础) of the Long March CZ-2F rocket.

Jiang Wen and his new film are at the top of the world - the world of Chinese cinema. His Let the Bullets Fly has just broken the box-office record for a Chinese film with some 700 million yuan ($107 million). It is such a big success that wherever you go, you can hear people talking about Bullets.
This time, he is not just the leading actor in the film, ______  also the _______ himself. Young people believe he was playing himself because to them, he himself is a true man. And experts also think highly of his way of telling stories. It seems that he does not need others to tell him how great he is ––– not any more.
That does not mean he is not proud of Bullets. It’s just that Bullets, for him, is fun. He has heard of all the political interpretations（政治隐喻的解读）of his story that have up across the Web and mainstream media（主流媒体）.
The most wonderful scenes in his movies all seem to have something to do with reality, for example, in Bullets opens with a train pulled by white horses.
"I did not invent this set-up. For 30 years in the early 20th century, there was a part of rail line in Northeast China that was powered by horses," he explains, "You may come up with the most unlikely scenes, and you’ll find that fact is stranger than fiction."
根据上下文在空格处填入所需单词使句意完整、正确。   _________、__________
将划线句子译成中文： ____________________________________________________.
在文中找出下面句子的同义句：
The film is so successful that it’s popular with people almost everywhere. 
__________________________________________________________________________
What do young people think of his performance in the film?
___________________________________________________________________________
What is this article mainly about?
__________________________________________________________________________

A）根据下面短文内容，在文章后小题的空格里填入适当的词语，
注意：每空一词。
Different cultures make different families. For example, there are differences in the way Chinese and Americans raise children.
First, Chinese and American families have different attitudes towards independence (独立). Each Chinese child has been considered to be the apple of parents’ eyes. It is not surprising to see Chinese parents always helping their children with getting dressed, having meals, bathing, and other things. American parents, on the other hand, teach their children how to do things alone from childhood.
Second, most Chinese parents often make their children have extra classes, such as piano, drawing, or singing lessons. Parents want their children to develop in an all-round way and be better students than other children. The problem is that their children may not be interested in these classes. American parents try to respect (尊重) their children’s interests and usually don’t make them do what they don’t like.
Third, there is a difference in the way parents in China and American treat mistakes that children make. Many Chinese people believe in the saying, “Spare the rod, spoil the child (不打不成器).” When Chinese parents see their children make mistakes, they often get very angry, some even hit them instead of making them realize their mistakes. This affects the children’s growth and the forming of their character, and also makes the generations gap (代沟) wide. American parents think it is common for people to make mistakes because mistakes are a part of life. They often say, “It’s OK to make mistakes. Making mistakes helps you learn.” They help their children deal with mistakes by giving them ideas about how to turn mistakes into learning opportunities (机会).
Families in China and America are quite different, and one way may seem better than the other, but it is better to think about whether the parents fit the family or not instead of talking about which one is wrong or right.

Comparisons	Differences
Different attitudes towards  independence	Chinese parents always try to do almost    1   for their children.
American parents try to let their children    2   with things on their own from childhood.
Different ways of treating children’s    3 .	Chinese children are often made to go to    4  classes.
American children are usually encouraged to do what they    5  .
Different ways of treating children’s mistakes	Chinese parents are    6   about children’s mistakes and often   7   them.
American parents think everyone can make mistakes and they are a good    8   to learn.
The author’s    9
Parenting styles should depend on what is   10   for the family.

任务型阅读
Confidence（自信） is very important in daily life. It can help you to develop a healthy attitude （态度）.A study shows that the people who are more confident are much __ (1)______. They can have more chances to make ____(1)_____ successful. But how to be more confident? Here are some suggestions:
·Speak loud   When you are not confident, you can’t do well what you want to do. You speak in a voice so low that other people can hardly hear you. Try to speak loudly enough so that people can hear you clearly. The .high voice can help you become more confident.
·Play sports   Physical exercise makes you tired but completely relaxed. (2) A strong body helps you be full of confidence.
·Encourage yourself  Write down a list of things you did during the day to see how many things you have done well. Did you finish your homework? Did you tell a joke that made everybody laugh? Give yourself praise for the good things you’ve done.
·Get rid of （消除） fear  Fear comes along with failure （失败）. But it’s easy to overcome （克服） if you know that failure is part of your life. Don’t hide your head just because you said something stupid last time. Try to start again and believe you can do better.
·Pick up a hobby   If you like singing, sing as much as you can. In some ways, a hobby can make you outstanding. And it will make you happy and confident.
在空白处填下所缺的单词，每空一词：____________  ____________
将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
____________________________________________________________________
根据短文内容，回答问题：How can you encourage yourself?
____________________________________________________________________
找出与下句意思相同或相近的句子：
Please speak as loudly as possible in order to make yourself heard clearly.
____________________________________________________________________
请找出或写出短文主题句。
____________________________________________________________________

Something interesting always happens（发生） in our life. John is a doorman(看门人) of a club in a big city. Every day hundreds of people pass his door and a lot of them stop and say to him, “①What’s the time, please?”
A few days later, John thinks, “②I don’t want to      this same（相同的） question, I’m going to the shop and        a big clock. Then I’m going to put it up on the wall here.” He buys a clock and puts it up on the wall.
“③No people are going to ask me the time again,” he says happily. But after that, a lot of people also stop every day, look at the clock and say to John, “Is that clock right?”
写出划线部分①的同义句。                                    
在②句的空白处分别填入一个适当的词使句意完整、上下文通顺。                
将句③译成中文。                                
What’s John’s job?                                   
找出或写出最能表达该短文主题的句子：                

任务型阅读：根据短文内容，填写下列各题。
John is an American boy. His family is in China now. John likes chocolates(巧克力) very much. But his mother doesn’t give him any. They are not good for him, she thinks. But John has a very nice grandfather. The old man loves him very much, and sometimes he buys John some chocolates. Then his mother lets John eat them. She wants to make the old man happy. On the evening of May 1st John says in his room, “Please, God (上帝). Make them give me a big box of chocolates tomorrow. It’s my eighth birthday.” His mother says，“God can’t hear you, my boy.” “I know, but my grandfather is in the next room. He can hear.”
1. John comes from    .
2. John lives in     now.
3. John likes eating   very much. But his mother thinks they are not     for him.
4. John’s    sometimes buy some chocolates for him
5. May 2nd is John’s eighth     .

请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。
Whether summer or winter, holiday time can mean travel. A few years ago, some people moved from California to Maryland with their birds. Traveling with birds is a very unusual experience. But everything can go well with a little planning. There are some good tips for you.
★ The first thing you have to decide is what cage your birds will use. You should make sure that the cage is neither too small nor too big, and can be put into the car easily. If you find that you need a travel cage, get it a few weeks before the trip, so you can give your birds time to get used to it.
★ If your car has the airbag, do not put the cage in the front seat. The force of the airbag even in a little accident could easily damage any cage and even injure or kill the bird inside. The cage should be held in the car with seatbelts.
★ If your trip takes several days, you need to make some stops at pet-friendly hotels. When you stop at hotels during the trip, you must put lots of newspapers under the cage to help control the rubbish.
★ If your travel or moving plans bring you to areas with hot weather, remember that the car will become very hot in a short time in the sun. Never leave your birds in the car alone.
Traveling with birds can be stress-free, and a little planning can make it a pleasant experience.
What is the first thing you have to decide?
____________________________________________________
How should the cage be held in the car?
____________________________________________________
Why must we put lots of newspapers under the cage at hotels?
____________________________________________________
What is the passage mainly about?
____________________________________________________
What do you think of traveling with birds? (请自拟一句话作答)
____________________________________________________ 

任务型阅读。

Do you have a QQ number? Many people like to chat online using QQ. QQ has become the most popular way of communication(交流).It even changes the way people communicate with each other. Do you know who invented QQ? Let me tell you. QQ was invented by Ma Huateng.
Ma Huateng was born in 1971.(71) When he was very young, he showed a great interest in astronomy.（天文学） However, he chose to learn computer when he entered Shenzhen University in 1989. (72)In his eyes, computer science was closer to everyday life compared to (与…相比) astronomy. He worked hard and became the best student in his class. He was popular among students and teachers at school.
(73)He worked as a computer programmer in a company in Shenzhen for five years . Then he started his own company in 1988. It was difficult at the beginning and he had to work hard every day.(74)After he invented QQ,  his business got better and better. It is said that now there are at least three hundred million people using QQ. To be honest, the number of QQ users is getting larger and larger. (75) It is a wonder, isn’t it?
把划线句子改为同义句。
When he was a _________ _________, he was very _________ _________ astronomy .
把划线句子改为同义句。
He_________ that computer science was closer to everyday life _________astronomy.
对此句进行划线部分提问。
_________  _________ _________ he _________ as a computer programmer in a company in Shenzhen?
把此句翻译成中文 。
_____________________________________________________________________________
把此句改为感叹句。
_________ _________ _________ it _________!

阅读短文， 从方框中所给的四个句子中选出正确选项， 填在短文空缺处，使短文内容完整、连贯。

Do you have a mobile phone? Do you often send text messages（信息）to your friends of family? If you keep sending text messages over and over again, there may be something wrong with your fingers(手指).   If you don’t , you may get hurt one day.
Text messaging or “texting” is becoming popular. But , scientists have found out that texting can give us problems with fingers. Too much texting can make your fingers uncomfortable. When we press small buttons over and over again , we may have a disease(疾病) called RSI. RSI is short for Repetitive Strain Injury(重复性力损伤).
Harriet Wilson is a doctor. She has many patients(病人) with RSI. If we spend more than 10-15 minutes every day, we could have such problems in the future.
Mobile phones and the buttons are getting smaller and smaller.   Texting with a smaller phone is worse than using a large phone with bigger buttons. . It’s easy to type with a large one.
If you use a computer keyboard and play video games for long, you may have the same problem. More and more people can find themselves with RSI.

It’s a good idea to use a large phone. Everybody using the mobile phones should be careful. The buttons are getting closer together. She says we should check how much time we are spending in typing text messages.

What does the writer want to tell us?

A．He wants to ask us not to send text messages with mobile phones.

B．He wants to tell us to uses small mobile phones to send text messages.

C．He wants to tell us some good ways to communicate with friends.

D．He wants to tell us the damage(损害) of sending text messages too much.

请阅读下面关于宠物的材料，给A—E选择恰当的标题。
A. Many people like animals and take them as their pets. Pet hospitals are very busy. Kind persons who love animals are needed to work in busy animal hospitals. They will teach you the job.
B. Scientists think that pets will probably be much smaller, because people in the future will be living in much smaller spaces. Scientists are already working on making very small farm animals. The same things might be done to make smaller cats and dogs.
C. might have to start turning wild（野生的）animals into pets. This might be the only way to save them from dying out.
D. What about a robot（机器人）for a pet? This may sound silly, but it could become true. Robot dogs have been made to get things, to bark like real dogs. These “pets” might become more and more popular in the future. After all, robots don’t lose hair or eat things the way real pets do.
E. Lots of people miss their pets while they are on holiday. One hotel in Minnesota has solved this problem. They lend cats to their guests. Many experts（专家）believe this idea will become more and more popular. It is very possible that in the future you will be able to have a pet while in a hotel.
Pet Hotels.
Smaller Pets.
Robots for Pets.
A Panther for Pet.
People Needed in Pet Hospital.

任务型阅读
Do you like chocolate? Maybe most people do. A box of it can be a great gift. Buy one for a friend and give it as a surprise. See how happy that person gets.
Say you’ve just got a box of chocolate. Which piece would you pick first? A man has studied people’s choices(选择). He says they tell something about the person. What if you choose a round piece? You are a person who likes to go to the party. What if you choose an oval(椭圆形的)shape? (1)You are a person who likes to make things. Picking a square shape shows something else: The person is honest and truthful, and you can depend on(依靠)him or her.
(2)What kind of ________do you_______? Maybe you pick milk chocolate. This shows you have warm feelings about the past. Dark chocolate means something else. A person who chooses it looks toward the future. What about white chocolate? Would you choose it? If so, you may find it hard to make up your mind. Some people like chocolate with nuts(果仁). These are people who like to help others.
Different choices may show different characters(性格). Do you believe these ideas? Can candy tell all these things? It doesn’t really matter. There is one sure thing about eaters of chocolate. They eat it because they like it.
将(1)句译成中文：_____________________________________________________________
在(2)句的空白处填入适当的词使句意完整、上下文通顺：_________ _________
回答问题：What may you like to think of if you enjoy eating milk chocolate?
_____________________________________________________________________________
在文中找出与You enjoy taking part in parties.意思相近的句子：
_____________________________________________________________________________
在文中找出最能表达该短文主题的句子：
_____________________________________________________________________________

There are nearly 400 different types of sharks, but only about 30 types have even been reported as attacking human beings.
The chances of being attacked by a shark are very small compared to other dangers. Many more people drown（溺死）in the ocean every year than are bitten by sharks. The low number of attacks that happen every year proves that sharks do not feed on humans if they have the choice. There are three types of shark attacks. The main one is known as a ‘hit and run’. The shark attacks because it thinks you are a fish, but when it tastes a human it decides not to eat you. The second type is called a ‘bump and bite’. The shark bumps you to find out if you are fit to be eaten and then bites you if it thinks you are. The third type is called a ‘sneak’. When attacking in this way, the shark waits for you to swim by and attacks you suddenly. The latter（后者的）two types of attack are more likely to be deadly for humans.
However, your chances of being attacked by a shark can be reduced if you follow the advice below.
Do not swim in the dark. Sharks can still see you but you cannot see them.
Do not swim if you are cut or if you have a fresh wound. Sharks can smell blood over a long distance.
Do not wear bright clothing or jewellery because sharks are attracted to colours and shiny objects.
Try and stay in groups, as sharks usually avoid large numbers of people.
Don’t be frightened（受惊吓）by sharks as there is 30 times greater chance of being hit by lightning than being attacked by a shark.
Are there only 30 types of sharks in the world?
Are the chances of being attacked by a shark small or big compared to other dangers?
What are the two deadly shark attacks called?
Why should you try and stay in groups to avoid the shark attack?
What does the writer mainly tell us in the passage?

根据短文内容回答问题。
Red Ribbon Week is held every year, usually during the last week of October. It started with a police officer named “Kiki” Camarena. He was sent to Mexico in order to investigate(调查) a Mexican drug company and stayed there for four and a half years. His efforts helped put a stop to several major drug making companies. So the bosses wanted to murder the men who brought them down. When Camarena left his office for a lunch date with his wife on February 7, 1985, a car drove up and kidnapped(绑架) him, and a month later he was killed. At that time he was only 37 years old.
Shortly after his death, people in Camarena’s town began wearing red ribbons in his honor. Then Camarena’s high school friend, Henry Lozano, started Camarena Club. Hundreds of people joined the club and promised to be drug-free in order to honor the death of Camarena. And then schools in several states began to join in. Now, at the end of every October, millions of Americans wear red ribbons in memory of “Kiki” Camarena. So, in 1988, the first national Red Ribbon Week was founded in America.
Red Ribbon Week has become the largest drug education and prevention organization in the United States. It encourages communities to stand up against drugs and it encourages children to make a promise not to take drugs in their life.

Is Red Ribbon Week held at the end of October in America?
How long did “Kiki” Camarena stay in Mexico?
What did “Kiki” Camarena do there?
Why do people wear red ribbon during Red Ribbon Week?
What’s the passage mainly about?