初中英语词语运用与语法试题

To be honest, it’s really hard to say g__________ to parents when leaving homes.
It was terribly cold, we sat around the fire to keep o_________ warm.
I sleep with my window open u       it’s really cold outside.
Words written alike are often pronounced d       in English.
Many rivers in Africa have d__________ up recently because it hasn’t rained for a long time.
I don’t like making speeches. I feel n       talking in front of many people.
All of my classmates are going hiking next Friday e        Wang Hong and me.
Can you p        me with some information about student exchange programs.
He took my umbrella by m       and returned it to me as soon as he realized.
In summer, we have two m___________ holiday. It is in July and August.

How to beat sadness
We all have days when we are down, tired and unhappy. That’s OK. You need days like this, or how would you know you are happy? You’ll enjoy your good days even more when you have a few bad days. Even if sadness is a part of life, let’s try to make it small. Here are a few simple ways to help you feel better when you are feeling sad.
1. Stand up straight and this helps your energy flow (流动). When your energy is flowing freely, you can flow too.
2. Smile! It’s easy to do and have good results. This way can not only leave you in a good mood but also bring others a good mood.
3. Listen to music. It can be your favorite music. Some kinds of music work better than others, so try and find out what kind of music works the best for you.
4. Take some ‘me’ time. You can find pleasure in reading a book, watching a sunrise or having a hot bath, or something like that.
5. Exercise. Even something as simple as taking a walk will get your blood flowing. It is a great way to clear your mind of anything that makes you sad.
These ways will cheer you up when you are down, but don’t just use them when you are sad. Try and practice them every day to make them a habit. You will be surprised to learn that these simple ways will keep your sadness away. But if you are in a deep depression (沮丧), go to see a doctor.

How to beat sadness
Opinions	It is OK to feel down,  and unhappy. It is possible to make sadness a small    of life.
Simple    to cheer you up	Stand up straight so that your   can flow freely.
at others because it can bring you and others a good mood.
Listen to your   music because it works the best.
pleasure in everyday life, such as watching a sunrise.
Take a walk and you can clear your of sad things.
Suggestions	Try to make these simple ways a   . Go to see a    when you are in a deep depression.

One day, a person who was famous               growing the wonderful apple trees gave a farmer a young               tree and told him how to plant it. The farmer was pleased with the gift,               he was afraid that if he              the tree near the road, strangers would take the fruit. If he planted the tree in the field, his neighbors would               some of the apples. If he planted the tree near his house, his children would take the fruit.                he planted the tree in his wood. Without sunlight and good soil, the tree soon               .
Later the friend asked the farmer               he had planted the tree in such a poor place. “What’s the difference?” the farmer said loudly and then told what he had thought.
“Yes,” said the friend, “but at              someone could have enjoyed the fruit. Now you destroyed a good apple               !”

It seems to us that Earth stands quite stable(稳定的). But it is really m    all the time. It turns around a make-believe line through its centre. We c    this make-believe line Earth’s axis(轴). The t   ends of Earth’s axis are its poles. It t    Earth 24 hours to travel around its axis once. We look at the sun and say it ‘rises’ and travels across the sky, but the sun doesn’t really do s  . It is the turning of E    that makes us feel that the sun were moving across the sky. We can’t see the Earth is moving b    everything on Earth is turning around it.
As Earth moves around every 24 hours, the first half of Earth faces the sun and then the other h 8 . When our half of Earth is f 9  the sun, we say it is day. When our half is a    from the sun, we say it is night. It is the turning of Earth that tells us when to get up and when to go to bed.

"The Chinese Dream" is a hot topic of this year. Many Chinese young people are inspired by the Chinese Dream. Everyone has their o   dreams. They give us courage and confidence to keep us going t   difficulties. Here are some advice on how to r    our beautiful dreams.
Never g   up is the key to make our dreams come true. We may fail from time to time, but we can learn from failure, correct our mistakes and try again until we a   our goals. Our life is like a long j    which is not all roses. It sometimes has wind and rain. We believe rainbows will a   after storms.
Cooperation is also n . Everyone likes a person who is good at cooperating with others. Besides, in our society most problems can't be s    by one person alone. Cooperation is becoming one of the most important w  for people living in the developing society.
Follow the suggestions above, and our dreams are sure to come true.

When I was at university, I studied very hard. But a lot of my friends did very l    work. Some just did enough to pass the exams. Others didn’t do quite enough. Fred Braines was such a student. He spent more time drinking in the T   House than working in the library.
Once at the end of the term, we had to take an important test in Chinese. The test had 100 questions. Beside each question we had to write “True” or “False”. While I was studying in my room, Fred was watching TV. Fred usually worried a lot the night before a test. But on that night he looked very e   . Then he told me of his idea.
“It’s very simple. There are 100 questions and I have to get 50 right to pass the test. I will take a coin into the examination room. I haven’t studied a Chinese book for months, so I will toss (抛) the coin. In this way, I’m sure I’ll get h    of the questions right.”
The next day, Fred came happily into the examination room. As he sat tossing a coin for half an hour, he wrote down his answers. Then he left, half an hour b    the rest of us.
The next day, Fred met his Chinese teacher at the school gate. “Oh, good,” he said. “I am sure you have got the r    of the test. Did I pass the test? ”
The teacher looked at him and smiled, “Ah, it’s you, Braines. Just a minute. ” Then the teacher reached his pocket and took out a coin. He threw it into the air, caught in his hand and looked at it. “I am sorry, Braines, you f   ! ”

综合填空：用方框内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、正确。(每小题1分，共10分)

One day a visitor came to Nasreddin’s house.  “I am your cousin Konya,” he said, “and I have brought you a duck to the visit”  Nasreddin was .  he asked his wife to cook the duck, and served the visitor a dinner.
The next day another visitor arrived.  “I am the friend of the man who brought you the duck.” He said. Nasreddin invited him in and gave a good meal.  The next day another visitor arrived, and said he was the friend of the friend of the man who had brought the duck.  Again Nasreddin invited him in for a meal.    , he was getting a bit angry.  seemed to be using his house as a restaurant.
Then another visitor came, and said he was the friend of the friend of the friend of the man who had brought the duck.  He was in.  Nasreddin’s wife brought some to the table and the visitor tasted it.  “What kind of soup is this?  It just like warm water.”  “Ah!” said Nasreddin, “That is the soup of the soup of the soup of the duck.”

In a famous story, a young boy called Ali Baba says “Open Sesame” and a door to treasures is opened before him. Ma Yun drew inspiration from this and founded Alibaba.com.
Over 14 years, Alibaba.com has become China’s largest e-commerce (电子商务) website. E-commerce is the a    of buying and selling goods and services and doing other business activities using a computer and the Internet. However, the founder chose to leave and to discover new areas of business. On May 28, Ma became chairman of Cainiao Network Technology Co., Ltd.The company will set up China Smart Logistics (物流) Network. Its goal is to deliver packages (运送包裹) to people anywhere in the country w    24 hours.
The 48-year-old businessman, who is short and thin and often wears oversized suits, always had he courage to dream big and try new things.
Ma got the idea or starting a business career in 1995. He was then working for a US trading company as a translator, when he was introduced to the Internet. He s   the word "beer" and saw that no data came up about Chinese products(产品).
Ma had an idea: why not build a large Internet market to connect(连接)consumers and companies from all over the world and do business o    ?
That is how Alibaba began. His company grew quickly. But that doesn't mean e     went well. Alibaba had a difficult time in 2000, when many Internet companies failed. Ma was successful because he m      to attract investment(投资)in his company.
But there is a deeper r     for Ma's success: his attitude. "You deserve (值得) to live your dream," said. "Everyone thought I was daydreaming when I started. But the most important thing is that we believed in our dream from day one, to today and tomorrow Of course we made many mistakes, but we never gave up hope."

David Stern is glad to see Houston Rockets all-star center Yao Ming return, saying it’s important to the NBA, the Rockets and China. “China is an important market for us. People __ _____ when Yao’s on court. So we are looking forward to having him back next season.” Stern said.
When asked how it would be different after Yao retires, Stern said, “After he retires, we hope that we can continue to work with him. He may become the Chinese ambassador（大使）because he ______ here .”
Yao’s role has already started to change. He became the owner of his home team, the Shanghai Sharks. Stern said, “To be a boss of a team is a hard job, but I believe Yao Ming can _______. ” “I think he didn’t have any experience in having a team. He will face lots of difficulties to run a team,” he said. “But I think he is so smart that he can make it.”

   Many people use emails to communicate with each other. If you can surf the Internet, it is a great ________to send messages easily, _________ and as often as you like. It is
not necessary to find a pen or paper, and you don’t need an envelope or a stamp.
Are we missing anything if we don’t write paper letters to people? Most people would
probably________, “No, it is a waste of paper anyway, and this is a much ______way.”
However, I would like to ________.
I believe that this kind of letters people used to write were probably more important than billions of emails sent today. Of course, if people need to send quick message, ________ is the best. If time is important, email is useful. However, if you want really to get in touch with someone, a letter is more _________.
Though I’m a teenager, I have to say that I feel very ________to receive a letter in the mail. I love seeing my name written by hand on an envelope. You make ________ a cup of coffee, sit down in a comfortable place, _______your letter, and enjoy everything that the person puts into the letter for you. What a gift.

That was a hot summer. When I was five years old just before my sister came to the world, my mother asked me what we     (应该)name the new baby. I think for a minute and said, “Let’s call her Gravy!”
You know, we pour gravy over meat and it tastes good! My parents found my idea  
(有趣的)but at last they named the new baby Caroline,   （代替）.
Having a sister    (改变) my life. When my sister and I played together, we often fought and    （争吵）with each other. It made our parents angry. But at the same time, we learned to    （分享） our things and forgive（原谅） each other.
In North America, there are many    （种类） of families but most families have a boy and a girl. Of course, some have three or more. In China, most    （孩子）don’t have brothers or sisters and they often feel    （孤独的）. Some middle school students in China wish that they had a brother or sister. If you are one of them, I have a good idea for you. You can treat your friends or classmates   （当作） your brothers and sisters!

综合填空：用方框内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、正确。（每小题1分）

quickly, while , clear, meter, walk, across，both，careful, wait, understand

Many people die from accidents every year. Nowadays road accidents happen very often. People are often killed   66  crossing the road. Most of these people are old people and children. Old people are often killed because they usually cannot see or hear very well. Children are often killed because they are not   67 .
A car, a truck or a bus cannot stop very   68 . If it’s running very fast, it will travel many meters before it stops. People don’t always   69  this. They think a car can stop in a few   70 . The faster a car traveling, the longer it takes to stop.
The only safe way to cross the road is to look   71  ways, right and left. Then if the road is   72
it is safe to cross. The right way to cross is to   73   quickly. It’s dangerous to run. If people run   74
the road, they may fall down.
Besides, we can’t cross the road when the traffic light is red. We must   75  till the light is green. If old people have trouble in crossing the road, young ones should try their best to help them.

British teenagers can leave school at sixteen after taking their GCSE exams. They study for exams in as many as ten subjects, s  they have to work pretty hard! Today’s teens spend more time doing their homework than any teenagers in the past, s   for 2.5 – 3 hours every evening.
Free Time
It’s not all work, of course. What do British teenagers do to have f   ? They love watching TV, going out, meeting friends in Internet cafés and listening to music.
Communications
In addition to (除......之外）the Internet, teenagers in Britain use their computers to play games and do their homework. They a love their mobile phones, and spend hours texting their friends and chatting. Today, phones are getting smaller and lighter and you can do a lot more
wthem than just talk. Text messaging has b the coolest and most popular way to communicate. More than 90% of 12- to -16-year-olds have a mobile, and experts say that this stops t  from spending their money on sweets and cigarettes(香烟).
Fashion (服饰)
At school, almost all British teenagers have to w a school uniform. However, in their free tthey can wear whatever they like, and what they like is designer names such as Nike, Diesel and Paul Smith. In fact, 40% of British teens say that they think it is important to have the latest fashion. Looking good doesn’t come c, but many teenagers think it usual or easy to spend more than ￡100 on one item (件）of clothing.

Your brain (大脑) is faster than a supercomputer.
Your cat is in the k____73____. She’s going to step onto a hot oven. You have a very short time to act. When your brain r____74_____ the message coming from your eyes, it quickly calculates when, where and at what speed you will need to stop her. Then it orders your body to move.
Neurons (神经系统) send messages to your brain at more than 150 miles an hour.
A bee lands on your f_____75____. The neurons in your skin send this message to your brain at a speed of more than 150 miles an hour. Your brain then passes the message to your foot to shake the bee off q____76____.
When you learn, you change the structure of your brain.
Riding a bike seems i_____77_____ at first. But soon you learn it. How? As you practice, your brain sends “bike riding” messages along certain pathways (路径) of neurons over and over, forming new connections (关联). In fact, the structure of your brain changes every time you learn. It changes too whenever you have a new t_____78____.
Exercise helps make you s______79____.
It is well known that exercises like r_____80____ or playing basketball are great for your body. Scientists have recently learned that a short time after you’ve exercised, your body produces something that makes your brain more w____81____ to learn. So if you have trouble s_____82____ a math problem, go out and do exercise, then try the problem again. You might d_____83____ that you’re able to solve it.

根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填入一个恰当的词，使短文内容完整、通顺。每空一词，含缩略词。
Everyone wants to be happy. But life isn’t like our imagination. In fact, everyone   _    sometimes. How do you deal with your worries? Whether your worries are big or    , you can take these three steps to deal with them:
1. Try to find out what you’re worried about.
Sometimes, you will know what you’re worried about. Other times, you might not. Try to find it out first; if you     , you can ask for help.
2. Think of ways to make it better.
There is always something you can do to help you feel    worried. Sitting there worrying is no fun and it will not solve your     .
If your worry is a fight you had with a       , you might write down all the things you could do: write a note to him or her, invite him or her to a basketball game, say       to him or her, etc. Once (一旦) you have a list of things you could do, you can choose the one that gets your friend back.
3. Ask for help.
When you’re worried, it can help to find someone to talk to. You can ask      parents, friends or teachers for help.