初中英语教育文化类阅读试题

American and British people both speak English of course．But sometimes it does not seem like the same language．In fact， there are some important differences between British English and American English．

（1） 　　Often， Americans don't say each word separately．They say several words together．Americans may say "I dunno" instead of "I don't know"．Or they may say "Whaddya say？" instead of "What did you say？" However， the British are more careful in their speech．They usually say all the words and keep them separate．

Sound is not only the difference between British English and American English．Words sometimes have different meanings too．（2） 　　Americans drive trucks， but in England people drive lorries．

（3） 　　In England， if you are going to telephone your friends， you "phone them up"．In America， you "give them a call"．

There are also some differences in grammar．For example， Americans usually use the helping verb "do" when they ask a question．They say "Do you have a storybook？" But the British often leave out the helping verb．（4） 　　

Most languages are like this．Languages change over time．When people live in separate places， the languages change in different ways．This is what has happened to English．（5） 　　Many people in Canada speak French but their French is very different from the French of France．

A． English is widely used in China．

B． It can also happen to other languages， such as French．

C． For example， the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different．

D． They say "Have you a storybook？"

E． English in these two counties is different only in sound．

F． First of all， they sound very different．

G． Many expressions are also different in the two countries．

Could the students from less developed areas in central and western China get the same educational chances as those in big cities in the east？Could the children in poor rural （农村） areas develop as well as those in rich cities？Maybe the answers were"No"in the past．But now，China is trying to change the situation．

In order to help rural students grow taller and stronger，China's Nutrition （营养） Improvement Program started in 2011．According to the program，a lot more money was spent improving students'meals．More than 36 million students from 134 ， 000primary and junior high schools in poor rural areas have benefitedfrom the program．They are provided with healthy food like eggs and milk from Monday to Friday at school．And the result of a survey shows that the students in those areas are much taller and stronger than before．

It is true that there were differences between less developed areas and developed areas in education before．Recently，The Guideline for Popularizing High School Education （2017-2020）has come out．According to the guideline，above 90% students from all over the country will go to high schools by 2020．What's more，the schools in central and western areas will get more support to improve their education．

Students from rural and poor areas also get more chances to receive higher education．A special college program makes it possible for more students from those areas to go to key （重点的） colleges and universities．The number will be increased by 10% in 2017．

With the guideline and the programs，we can expect a fairer and more balanced （均衡的） education in the future．

（1）The number of 134 ， 000in Paragraph 2 is the number of 　　in poor rural areas．

A．	the key schools
B．	the poor students
C．	the key colleges and universities
D．	the primary and junior high schools

（2）The underlined word" benefited"in Paragraph 2 means 　　in Chinese．

A．	逃离
B．	获益
C．	受害
D．	赚钱

（3）If we put the passage into three parts，which of the following is the best？ 　　

（①＝Para．1   ②＝Para.2    ③＝Para.3   ④＝Para.4 …⑤＝Para.5）

A．	①②；③④；⑤
B．	①；②③；④⑤
C．	①；②③④；⑤
D．	①②；③；④⑤

（4）After reading the passage，we can infer（推断） that 　　．

A．	Liu Xi，a student from Chongqing，can go to any high school if she wants to
B．	Li Mei，a student from a western rural school，can get a bag of milk every day
C．	Hu Jia，a 12-year-old rural student，will more easily receive high school education
D．	Han Lei，a student from Beijing，will have few chances to go to key universities．

Students in our school have a colorful school life．We have School Activity Week every year，On the wall of the teaching building are the posters from Grade 7，Grade 8 and Grade 9．Let's go and have a look!

Be a Good Reader! Time：13：30-16：30，Apr． 10 ^th Place：Reading Hall ★Improve your reading skills and get new ways of reading． ★Learn more about nature． ★Increase your knowledge and make new friends． For Free! Grade Seven

Invite Your Father to Join Us! Time：09：00-12：00，Apr． 12 ^th Place：Meeting Hall ★Join in the one-month"stop smoking"challenge ★Know about how to give up smoking ★Ask your father to join us! For Health! Grade Eight

Raise Money for Children! Time：14：00-17：00，Apr． 14 ^th Place：School Playground ★Save 30% on everything． ★Come and buy pens，dictionary and other school things． ★Look forward to your coming． For Children! Grade Nine

（1）We can see the posters on the 　　．

A．	desk
B．	blackboard
C．	wall
D．	playground

（2）The"stop smoking"challenge lasts 　　．

A．	one week
B．	one month
C．	one term
D．	one year

（3）When we take part in the activity on Apr.10 ^th，we can do the following activities expect 　　．

A．	buying school things
B．	getting new ways of reading
C．	improving reading skills
D．	learning more about nature

（4）If a pen in the shop is ten yuan，we can pay only 　　yuan for it in our school on Apr.14 ^th．

A．	eight
B．	seven
C．	three
D．	two．

Sharing Wall Dear readers， Where do you usually read books？Please share your ideas．Thank you! Reading Club
In a tree．Perhaps it seems a little strange．But for me，it's really a good place．You can listen to the singing of birds and the green leaves around make you peaceful． Bill	At home．"East or west，home is the best．"Home is the warmest place in the world．You can lie on the sofa or just sit on the floor．Quietly，you can enjoy reading books，like talking with good friends． Rose
In the reading club．After reading a good book，maybe you can't wait to share it with your friends．It's really amusing to talk about a good book．Everyone has his own ideas about the book．You can learn more by sharing． Dick	In a coffee shop．The taste of coffee smells so nice!On sunny days，you can enjoy the sunshine through the window，on rainy days，you can listen to the sound of rain．Also，you can watch different people pass by．They may walk into your book and become part of it． Emma

52．The readers share their ideas by writing a（n） 　　．

A．

e﹣mail

B．

poem

C．

note

D．

report

53． 　　thinks home is the best place to read books．

A．

Rose

B．

Emma

C．

Dick

D．

Bill

54．Dick enjoys reading in the reading club because he can 　　．

A．	listen to the sound of rain	B．	sit on the floor or lie on the sofa
C．	talk about books with a friend	D．	watch different people pass by

55．The ideas above are mainly about 　　．

A．	how to choose books	B．	when to borrow books．
C．	where to read books	D．	which books to buy．

阅读下文并回答问题．

Recently，Chongqing Three Gorges University has held an activity named"Cell Phone Ninja"（手机忍者）．They would like their students not to use cell phones for 21 days．It is really a challenge（挑战） for most students．

The activity started on April 12．Each student who volunteered to take part in this activity got a bracelet（手环）．If the students did not use their cell phones，there would be a photo on the screen of the bracelet to show that．If they used their cell phones，a different photo would appear on the screen of the bracelet．After the last class of each day，the students sent the photos to the school's public WeChat．

More than 800 students wished to take part in this test，and 400 were chosen．After seven days，only 103students remained．The test was set for 21 days because some scientists believe that 21 days is long enough to help form（形成） a habit．

According to the teachers in the university，the activity was not a competition．It depended on students themselves to make the decision．The teachers hoped their students could form．better study habits through activities like this one．

51．When did the activity"Cell Phone Ninja"start？

　　

52．Were 400students chosen to take part in this test？

　　

53．Why was the test set for 21 days？

　　

54．What was the bracelet used for in this test？

　　．

When talking about picking a right school，a mother and teacher gave some pieces of advice．

In the latest issue（期） of Youth magazine，the mother shared the school advice she gave her daughters with young people across the country．

"I've told my daughters many times that I don't want them to choose a name，"the mother said．"I don't want them to think，'Oh，I should go to these top schools．'We live in a country with hundreds of excellent universities．So the first question is：what's going to work for me？"

"When it was time to prepare for picking schools，nobody around me believed I could get into Xiamen University．But through hard work I finally made it，"she continued．"So，my second piece of advice is：believe in yourself，no matter what other people might say．Once your goal is set，you only need to try your best to make it come true．"

"The last piece of advice is not to be worried even if your dreams don't come true．As I've said above，there are so many good universities out there．So it's important for everybody to understand that you can always find a university that gives you a great education．"

38．The mother shared her advice 　　．

A．	with her students
B．	with her husband
C．	in Youth magazine
D．	in Xiamen University

39．To explain her second piece of advice，the mother gave 　　．

A．	a story of her daughters
B．	a story of her own
C．	some different reasons
D．	some different ideas

40．We can learn from the last paragraph（自然段） that 　　．

A．	we can realize our dream through hard work
B．	the name of the university isn't the most important
C．	it's not necessary to care what other people might say
D．	more than one university can give us a good education

41．The best title of the passage may be "　　"．

A．	Colorful University Life
B．	Best School Education
C．	A Report on University Building
D．	Advice on School Picking．

When talking about picking a right school，a mother and teacher gave some pieces of advice．

In the latest issue （期） of Youth magazine，the mother shared the school advice she gave her daughters with young people across the country．

"I've told my daughters many times that I don't want them to choose a name，"the mother said．"I don't want them to think，'Oh，I should go to these top schools．'We live in a country with hundreds of excellent universities．So the first question is：what's going to work for me？"

"When it was time to prepare for picking schools，nobody around me believed I could get into Xiamen University．But through hard work I finally made it，"she continued．"So，my second piece of advice is：believe in yourself，no matter what other people might say．Once your goal is set，you only need to try your best to make it come true．"

"The last piece of advice is not to be worried even if your dreams don't come true．As I've siad above，there are so many good universities out there．So it's important for everybody to understand that you can always find a university that gives you a great education．"

58．The mother shared her advice 　　．

A．	with her students
B．	with her husband
C．	in Youth magazine
D．	in Xiamen University

59．To explain her second piece of advice，the mother gave 　　．

A．	a story of her daughters
B．	a story of her own
C．	some different reasons
D．	some different ideas

60．We can learn from the last paragraph （自然段） that 　　．

A．	we can realize our dream through hrad work
B．	the name of the university isn't the most important
C．	it's not necessary to care what other people might say
D．	more than one university can give us a good education

61．The best title of the passage may be" 　　"．

A．	Colorful University Life
B．	Best School Education
C．	A Report on University Building
D．	Advice on School Picking．

Students are very interested in computers，the Internet and mobile phones．Using new technologies in the classroom can be very helpful for them．

Mobile phones can be very useful in the classroom．When students speak or act，teachers can use them to record students，take photos and show them to students．Using mobile phones in class is a fun way of doing some interesting language work．

Students like the photos on your mobile phone．So try your best to take more photos for students．Photos can help students to practice speaking，listening or writing in an interesting way．

How to use the Internet and mobile phones in class？Please remember the following key points（要点）．

•Use the Internet with your students in many different ways，if possible．

•Try to find good websites for your students．

•Use your mobile phone in class to record your students，take photos and play recordings．

•Ask your students to listen for the pronunciation mistakes when you play the recordings back to them

46．Students are interested in new technologies． 　　

47．Mobile phones are useful but boring in language learning． 　　

48．Teachers should find good websites for students． 　　

49．Mobile phones can be only used to record students and take photos in class． 　　

50．The key points to remember are for students． 　　．

（61） 　　Friends are important in our life，because no one wants to be lonely．However，some people have difficulty in making friends and they often feel lonely．（62） 　　According to a new study from Chicago University，the reason is that this kind of people have brains（脑）different from common people．And they often feel unsafe when facing strangers．

Does that mean they have no way to become happy again？（63） 　　Scientists of this study have thought up ways to help these people deal with their loneliness．They provided four steps for getting out of loneliness．

（64） 　　"It's not enough for people just to get in touch with others online．That's because most people don't show their true selves there，"said Dr． Cacioppo．one of this study's scientists．Another step is to get an action plan．As"actions speak louder than words"，people need to be active to communicate with others．They also need to meet people with the same interests．Also，they should try to expect the best from each activity．（65） 　　Who knows what good things are waiting for us？

根据短文内容．从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项．

A．People who feel lonely

B．The first step is to accept social invitations if you don't want to go．

C．After all，"tomorrow is another day"．

D．What's the reason behind that？

E．Why don't we like them？

F．New ways to deal with loneliness

G No．don't worry．

The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms．Grain Rain（谷雨），as the last term in spring， starts on April 19 and ends on May 4．

Grain Rain comes from the old saying， "Rain brings the growth of hundreds of grains"，which shows that this period of rainfall is very important for the growth of crops．Here's something that you may not know about the Grain Rain．

1． Grain Rain falls between the end of spring and the beginning of summer，and the temperature rises much higher than it does in March． With dry soil and heavy winds， sandstorms may happen more often．

2． There is an old custom in southern China that people drink tea on the day of Grain Rain． Spring tea during Grain Rain is good for the eyes． It is also said that drinking tea on this day would prevent bad luck．

3． People in northern China have the tradition to eat the vegetable toona sinensis during Grain Rain． An old Chinese saying goes "loona sinensis before the rain is as tender as silk"． The vegetable is good for the stomach and skin．

4． The Grain Rain Festival is celebrated by fishing villages in northern China． Grain Rain marks the start of the fishermen's first voyage of the year． The custom dates back to more than 2，000 years ago．

（1）When Grain Rain ends， 　　stars．

A．	summer
B．	spring
C．	fall
D．	winter

（2）The underlined word "crops" refers to 　　．

A．	flowers in the garden
B．	trees in the forest
C．	fishes in the sea
D．	plants in the field

（3）The people in southern China 　　on the day of Grain Rain．

A．	eat toona sinensis
B．	fly a kite
C．	drink tea
D．	start the first voyage

（4）We can infer that "toona sinensis" must be a kind of vegetable which 　　．

A．	can bring good luck
B．	is delicious and healthy
C．	grows at the seaside
D．	is a type of medicine

（5）The right order of the titles from 1 to 4 should be 　　．

a． Eating toona sinensis

b． Sandstorms happen

c． Grain Rain Festival

d． Drinking tea

A．	b﹣d﹣c﹣a
B．	b﹣a﹣d﹣c
C．	b﹣c﹣a﹣d
D．	b﹣d﹣a﹣c

New trains run across rocky mountains and the Great Wall to the north of Beijing like bullets（ 子弹）．They run on a high﹣speed railway line between Beijing and Zhangjiakou． The opening was on Dec 30，2019．

The railway is an important support project for the 2022 Winter Olympics． The 174﹣km railway's trains move at a top speed of 350 km/h． This reduces the travel time between Beijing and Zhangjiakou， the Winter Games will be held there， from over three hours to only 47 minutes． It has 10 stops in total．It will help improve tourism． There are places of interest nearby．

Some of the trains on this railway are smart trains that can run by themselves．

With the help of the Beidou Navigation Satellite System， they can automatically（ 自动）start， run between stations， change their timing according to the time table， correctly stop at a station， and open and close their doors． Passengers can also watch live sports programmesduring the Winter Olympics on the train， which is helped with 5G technology．

Some people consider Zhan Tianyou as "the father of China's railways"． Who is Zhan Tianyou？ In 1872， the Qing government chose 30 young boys to be sent to the US to study．They were the first students in Chinese history to study abroad． Zhan Tianyou was one of them．After graduating from Yale University， Zhan came back to China． In 1905， the Qing government decided to build a railroad between Beijing and Zhangjiakou． Zhan， who studied engineering， led the project． The project is best known for its Y﹣shaped switchback（人字形坡路）．There are many mountains along the Being ﹣Zhangjiakou railway． It was difficult for trains to climb the mountains．

He led construction（建设）on the old Bejing Zhangjiakou railway， China's first independently ﹣designed railway． It was not possible to build a railway without foreign help at that time． But Zhan， the head engineer of the railway project， insisted（坚 持） that it could be done． Zhan came up with an idea to reduce the slope（坡度）：a Y﹣shaped switchback．Instead of going directly from A to B along a steep（ 陡的）slope， the train goes from A to C first and then from C to B． This makes the slope much less steep．

After many difficulties． the Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou line went into operation in 1909． Its trains ran at 35 km/h．

As President Xi Jinping said， the Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou railway stands for the development of China' s railways over more than a century， as well as China' s development in general．

（1）Which is not correct about the Beijing﹣Zhangiakou high﹣speed railway？ 　　

A．	Its construction is of great value for the 2022 Winter Olympics．
B．	It was based on the old Beiing Zhangiakou railway that was built by foreigners．
C．	Not all of the trains on this railway are conducted by man．
D．	The trains on this railway are faster than before．

（2）Thanks to 　　， the trains on the Bejing Zhangjiakou high speed railway can start automatically．

A．	the Beidou Navigation Satellite System
B．	Zhan Tianyou
C．	5G technology
D．	Yale University

（3）Which is wrong about Zhan Tianyou？ 　　

A．	He is remembered as one of the most important engineers in Chinese history．
B．	He took the advice of Qing government and designed V﹣shaped switchback on his own．
C．	He was chosen and sent to the US to study engineering with other young boys in 1872．
D．	Though he went through a lot of difficulties， he succeeded at last．

（4）What do the underlined words mean？ They mean 　　．

A．	sports programmes that are happening while they are shown
B．	sports programmes that are lively
C．	sports programmes that are popular
D．	sports programmes that last long time

（5）Why was the old Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou railway designed its Y﹣ shaped switchback？ 　_____

A．	To help people know more about sightseeing nearby．
B．	To make China's first independently﹣ designed railway famous．
C．	To make the trains speed up．
D．	To reduce the difficulty of building．

When I was 12 years old，a girl in my class liked to point out my shortcomings． She said I was very thin； I wasn't good at math； I talked too much； I was too proud， and so on． At last． I became very angry． I ran to my father with tears in my eyes． He listened to me quietly， and asked．"Are those things true or not？ Jane， haven't you ever thought about what you're really like？" Then he added，" Well， you have that girl's opinions． Make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true．"

（A） 我按照他告诉我的去做了．To my great surprise，I found out that half the things were true．Some of them I couldn't change，like being very thin，but many I could and suddenly I wanted to change．（B） For the first time ． I got a clear picture of myself ．

I brought the list back to daddy， and he said， "Now， you know more about yourself． But you have to learn to listen， not just close your ears angrily and feel hurt． When she said about you is true， you'll find it will be of great help to you． Don't shut your ears． Listen to the truth and do（C）_____ you know is the right thing to do．"

Daddy's advice has turned to me at many important moments． It's the best piece of advice in my life．

（1）根据短文内容，回答下面的问题．

Why did Jane become angry？

　　

（2）将（A）处划线句子译成英语．

　　

（3）将（B）处划线句子译成汉语．

　　

（4）在（C）处填入一个恰当的词，使句意完整．

　　

（5）请给短文拟一个恰当的英文标题（不超过7个词）．

　　

Let me tell you something very important： Never have water near you when you have something electric not far away! Last month， my family experienced a terrible thing．

My brother Tom had just received a new train set． We decide to build a little "world" for it with mountains， streetlights and even a lake． We found a large board that was big enough to hold the train．We spent over a week building the things with paper and cardboard．

When we finished all the things，we showed everyone our new train set．It was very wonderful．Now，it was time to turn it on． I flipped the switch and the train began to move． Everyone was excited．

I turned to look at Tom， and he looked strange．He was shaking．"Tom!" 1 shouted．He didn't move， looking straight ahead．Suddenly，my dad realized What was happening He reached quickly for the switch and turned off the train．

The water had leaked （漏） from the bag under the board and arrived where Tom was standing．One of our wires had fallen under the table and was touching it．We sent Tom to the hospital．And luckily Tom was fine． He told us that when the electricity was on， he could not move at all!

We learned a lesson that day． Never mix electricity and waters! It's too dangerous．

（1）How long did it take them to build the little "world"？ 　　

A．	A month．
B．	Over a month．
C．	More than a week．
D．	Less than a week．

（2）The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 5 refers to 　　．

A．	the board
B．	the water
C．	the bag
D．	the table

（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ 　　

A．	After finishing the train set， my dad turned it on．
B．	There were mountains，bridges and a lake on the large board．
C．	Tom couldn't move at all when the electricity was on．
D．	I found Tom was strange and then I turned off the switch quickly．

（4）According to the passage， we should remember to 　　．

A．	stay away from water
B．	have something electric near us
C．	take good care of the young
D．	keep water away from electricity

What will you do in your spare time？ Have you ever seen a windsock（风向袋） blowing in the wind？ Well， you can make one of your own! This is an interesting project that you can do with things you may have． You just need to follow a few easy steps．

Prepare one piece of heavy colored paper， five ribbons（丝带）strong tape（胶带），a string and a pencil at first，．

Step 1； Draw pictures on the paper． You can write your name on it Do anything that will make it different from others．

Step 2： Make the paper into the shape of a tube（管）． Then stick the tube together with the strong tape at each end and in the middle．

Step 3： Use the pencil to make a hole into both sides of the tube． The holes should be only on one end of the tube． Pull the string through both holes． Then tie the ends of the sting together．

Step4： Now make five holes around the top of the other end of the tube． Put a ribbon through each of the holes． Tie a knot in the end． Make sure the knots are bigger than the holes．

Now your windsock is ready． But how does it work？ The shape of the tube plays an important part． Wind blows through the tube and makes it fly and dance around．Hold the windsock up in the air by its string and run around． It will fly in the wind． You can also hang it outside and watch it dance around on its own．

（1）Which of the following things do you need for Step 2？ 　　

A．	Ribbons．
B．	Strong tape．
C．	A string．
D．	A pencil．

（2）Which step will make your windsock different from others？ 　　

A．	Step 1．
B．	Step 2．
C．	Step 3．
D．	Step 4．

（3）What is probably the most important to make a windsock work？ 　　

A．	The color of the pictures．
B．	The knots in the end．
C．	The strong tape．
D．	The shape of the tube．

（4）What did the writer mainly tell us？ 　　

A．	How to give an art lesson．
B．	How to make a windsock．
C．	What a windsock is like．
D．	What you'll do after school．

Safety is very important to everyone． As a teenager， do you know how to protect yourself in different situations？

If there is a warning sign near the water， don't go into it． Only swim in the area where there is a lifeguard． Never swim alone． When you see someone drowning（湖水）， never jump into the water if you can't swim． Remember to ask adults for help in time． When you go boating， you must wear a life vest（救生衣）．

Some strangers may give you snacks or other things to show kindness． They may also invite you to his or her home， offer you a ride， or ask you for detailed information about you or your family． Say no to themand leave as fast as you can． If you find yourself in danger， shout "Help!" loudly or find out a safe way to get help． The strangers around you， such as the police a security guard（保安）， a shop assistant or even a passer ﹣ by can help you．

Stay away from places that are very crowded． Once you go， watch out your feet and avoid falling down． When people around begin to push， try to stand sill and never push harder． If you fall down in the moving crowd， cover your head with both hands． Lean（倚靠） to one side， and curl up（蜷起） your body．

（1）When someone drowns， you should 　　．

A．	run away at once
B．	call other children for help
C．	ask adults for help in time
D．	jump into the water directly even if you can't swim

（2）What does the underlined word "them" refer to？ 　　

A．	Strangers．
B．	Friends．
C．	Your family．
D．	The police．

（3）Which is NOT mentioned in the passage？ 　　

A．	Water Safety．
B．	Meeting strangers．
C．	Traffic accidents．
D．	Avoiding getting hurt in a crowd，

（4）The passage may be from 　　．

A．	a fashion magazine
B．	a newspaper
C．	a business ad
D．	a fiction book