初中英语健康环保类阅读阅读理解

第一节阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断其后面所给句子的对错．

    Most people agree that trees look nice， but not everyone knows that trees can also help cities save money． A few years ago， the US Forest Service studied trees in Chicago． They found that just one tree can save a city hundreds of dollars over its lifetime．

    Trees can save money by helping people save energy（能源）． Trees stop the sun shining on buildings． They also block（挡住） the winter wind． That helps people use less energy to make their homes or offices warm or cool． Saving energy is saving money．

    Trees have another way to help a city save money． When it rains， there will be a lot of water in a city's sewers （下水道）． Cities need lots of money to clean that water． But before the rainwater gets to the dirty sewers， trees can take some into themselves． With the help of trees， there is less water to clean．

（1）Everyone knows that trees can help cities save money．　　

A． Right

B． Wrong

（2）One tree can save a city hundreds of dollars in one day．　　

A． Right

B． Wrong

（3）Trees can help people save energy．　　

A． Right

B． Wrong

（4）Trees can take all the rainwater into themselves．　　

A． Right

B． Wrong

（5）With the help of trees， cities need less money to clean the rainwater．　　

A． Right

B． Wrong

New Way to Recycle

When Shanghai introduced a new garbage﹣sorting policy in July last year，the city's residents（居民）took some time to get used to it．They joked that every time they took out their garbage，the staff（工作人员）standing by the bins would ask "What kind of garbage are you？"

Starting on May 1， Beijing joined many Chinese cities by introducing a new garbage﹣ sorting policy， People's Daily reported． Residents should sort their garbage into four groups kitchen， recyclable， hazardous（有害的）and other waste．

These groups are represented（代表）by four different colors of trash bins﹣green，blue，red and grey．Those who fail to sort their trash correctly may face fines of up to 200 yuan， Xinhua reported．

The way Beijing sorts its trash sounds different from others like Shanghai and Qingdao． These cities use for different groups： wet， recyclable， harmful and dry． Although their names are different， the groups are actually the same． Wet garbage in Shanghai is， in fact， kitchen garbage． And dry garbage is the same as other waste． China Daily reported．

To help residents sort their trash correctly，the Beijing government is offering online guidelines．If people don't know how to throw away garbage，they can search for it on the WeChat account Guanchenglish（管城理事） to find out． By searching a key word or taking a photo， people can immediately find out which group their waste belongs to．

（1）What do we know from this story？ 　　

A． Garbage﹣sorting started in Beijing on May 1．

B． Garbage﹣sorting is being carried out nationwide．

C． Beijing's garbage﹣sorting policy is the same as Shanghai's．

（2）Other waste is the same as 　　in Shanghai．

A．	dry garbage
B．	recyclable garbage
C．	harmful garbage

（3）If people don't follow the garbage﹣sorting policy， 　　．

A．	they will be forced to learn the policy
B．	they won't be allowed to throw trash away
C．	they may face fines

（4）The last paragraph mainly explains 　　．

A．	the government's suggestions about garbage﹣sorting
B．	how to help residents sort their garbage
C．	problems with Beijing's garbage﹣sorting policy

（5）We can read this article in 　　．

A．	a story book
B．	a guide book
C．	a newspaper

All of us live in one world．While we are eating food， drinking water，wearing clothes，watching TV，using computers and so on， we are producing waste every moment．When we finish reading a newspaper，the paper will become waste．When TV sets or computers are broken， they will become electronic waste．

Plastic bags are often used in our everyday life．The number of used plastic bags is increasing day by day．We like to use plastic bags because they are convenient．When we get home，we throw the plastics away．These are called "white pollution"as most plastics are white．Rubber is also common in our daily life．Many of our products are made of rubber， just like the tyres （轮胎） and the bottom part of our shoes．It's true that rubber plays an important role in our life．However， it also brings us some trouble when it has been used for a long time．The old rubber pollutes environment very badly because it can't break downeasily in nature﹣it will stay unchanged for a long time．This is really a big problem all over the world．

Everyone should play a part in saving our world．For example， when we go shopping， we can bring cloth bags instead of plastic ones．And we should do something to recycle rubber．Our small actions can make a difference and lead to a better future．

（1）Which of the following things probably becomes electronic waste？ 　　

A．	The TV set．
B．	The plastic bag．
C．	The newspaper．
D．	The rubber．

（2）Why do we like to use plastic bags？ 　　

A．	Because they are very light．
B．	Because they are convenient．
C．	Because they are always used．
D．	Because they are used several times．

（3）What does the underlined phrase " break down" mean in Chinese？ 　　

A．	中断
B．	影响
C．	利用
D．	分解

（4）What can you learn from the passage？ 　　

A．	Few of our products are made of rubber．
B．	Only scientists can help to save our world．
C．	Everyone can do something to save our world．
D．	The new plastics pollute the environment badly．

What do you do with your rubbish？Throw it out？You don't know what you're missing!Look closely at the two figures on your left.They were made from things most people throw away.The figures were made from used bottle caps.Those two bottle﹣cap figures were exhibited （展示） in a museum.

   Folk art is art made by common people who have not been trained as artists.Their work is often based on traditions in their culture.Fine art，on the other hand，is usually made by people who have had training in art.Works of fine art are valued for their artistic beauty.They are supposed to be looked at but not used.Works of folk art，however，are often made for everyday use.

   There were more than 800 pieces of folk art from nearly 50 countries in the exhibition.All of the pieces were made from used metal，wood，cloth，and plastic.The artists come from many different cultures.Still，they all share one thing.They take objects that are normally thrown away and change them into objects that are beautiful，useful，and fun.The artists may not think of what they do as recycling，but that's exactly what it is.Fine artists might work with expensive materials.They might use expensive tools to shape these materials into works of art.On the other hand，in poor countries rubbish might be the only material folk artists and toy makers can afford.The exhibition shows that a rich imagination is very important when there are only poor materials.Recycled art began long before people began to think about recycling.Some of the objects in the exhibition date from the 1930s.

   Even if you don't create art out of rubbish，it's good to save our natural resources.Remember the three rules：reduce，reuse，recycle.If you reduce waste，true things instead of throwing them out，and recycle materials such as paper，plastic，and glass，you will protect the environment.

（1）Which idea belongs in the empty box？ 　 　

Conclusion （结论）	Details
	Art based on cultural traditions
	Art made for everyday use
	Art made with used materials

A.Folk art is made by people who are not trained artists.

B.The artists come from many different cultures.

C.Recycled art began long before people started recycling.

（2）What can we learn from Paragraph 3？ 　    　

A.There was more than 800 pieces of fine art.

B.Folk artists can't shape expensive materials into works of art.

C.Poor materials also can be made into works of art.

（3）What is the same thing of the pieces in the exhibition share？ 　    　

A.They are all woks of fine art.

B.They are all made from used materials.

C.They are all made by the trained artists.

（4）What can we do to protect our environment？ 　    　

A.Throw away used materials.

B.Only use expensive materials.

C.Recycle materials.

（5）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ 　 　

A.Used Bottle Caps

B.The Art of Recycling

C.A Museum Exhibition

When you feel a sneeze（喷嚏）or cough coming on， covering your mouth prevents the spread of germs（细菌）． You probably knew that．

    But how to cover your mouth is very important． You might use tissues（纸巾）， and put your used tissues into the bin． "If you don't have tissues， you should sneeze into your elbow， not your hand， even if you are used to doing that．" The doctors advised．

    "If somebody sneezes into his hands， those germs will be passed on to other people， or other objects that people touch．" said Dr． Hill．

    Germs are most commonly spread by sneezing and coughing． When they land on your hands， they are passed from hands to things like money， door knobs（扶手）， elevator buttons（电梯按钮）and other surfaces． At the same time， the people around you can touch them．

    This isn't nagging（唠叨）． The Centers for Disease Control also suggest that sneezing and coughing into your elbow is necessary． Even the New York City subway officers ask the passengers to "cough or sneeze into elbow or use a tissue．"

    "The suggestion was taken seriously about 10 years ago． However， most people didn't pay much attention to it． That means the adults may have missed the advice． But children are often taught in school the right way to cough or sneeze．" Dr Benjamin said．

    To be clear， people can't keep away from all the risks in this way， but it's the best choice． At the same time， we'd better wear masks（口罩） and often wash our hands． "Hand washing is one of the most important things people can do to keep healthy．" Dr． Hill said．

（1）According to this passage， when sneezing or coughing， you'd better NOT　　．

A． sneeze into your elbow

B． cover your mouth with tissues

C． use your hand to cover mouth

D． put the used tissues in the bin

（2）If you sneeze or cough into hands， germs can spread through the following activities EXCEPT　　．

（3）Which is NOT true according to the passage ？　　

A． The New York City subway officers ask passengers to use a tissue．

B． The adult may be used to sneezing into their elbow．

C． The children are often taught in school the right way to cough or sneeze．

D． Wearing masks is a good way to keep away from germs．

（4）What's the main purpose of this article ？　　

A．To tell us the correct way to cover mouth when sneezing or coughing．

B．To tell us how to prevent the spread of germs．

C．To tell us it's necessary to sneeze or cough into elbow．

D．To tell us how to keep away from all risks．

（5）In which layout（版面） of the newspaper can we find this kind of passage ？　　

A． Health．

B． Sports．

C． Business．

D． Education．

Planting "trees" on your screen

Do you want to help China become a more beautiful country？ Now， you can do this on your mobile phone．

Ant Financial （蚂蚁金服） is an Internet financial service company． In August 2016， it started an interesting project "Ant Forest"． According to Ant Financial， "Ant Forest" can help people improve the environment．

 But how does the project actually work？ And what effects （效果） has it had？ In "Ant Forest"，people start by planting a virtual （虚拟的） tree． The project then gives people "green energy" if they do low﹣carbon activities．The activities include walking，buying tickets online，taking public transportation and so on． With "green energy"，the virtual tree will slowly grow up．When there is enough "green energy"，Ant Financial will plant a real tree．

The Ant Financial company has been working with lots of green charities （慈善机构）．Together， they help farmers in desert places in China plant trees．

"Ant Forest" has been very popular． More than 250 million people have planted virtual trees on their phones． And Ant Financial has planted more than ten million real trees．

Bai Xue is a member of Ant Financial． She says the company believes everyone wants to improve the environment， She and her workmates are happy that they can help people realize their wishes． According to Bai， Ant Financial will do more in the future so that we can make China a greener country together．

（1）Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage？ 　　

A．	Ant Financial has helped all farmers in China to plant trees．
B．	If you buy tickets online， you can get "green energy" from the project．
C．	Because of the project， charities become more and more popular．
D．	More than ten million people have planted real trees．

（2）What is the correct order according to the passage？ 　　

a． Ant Financial plants a real tree．

b． You receive "green energy"．

c． The virtual tree grows up．

d． You do low﹣carbon activities．

e． You plant a virtual tree．

A．	d﹣c﹣b﹣a﹣e
B．	c﹣b﹣c﹣d﹣a
C．	d﹣a﹣b﹣c﹣e
D．	e﹣d﹣b﹣c﹣a

（3）What's the main idea of the last paragraph？ 　　

A．	Ant Financial believes that all the people can realize their wishes．
B．	The company will become greener．
C．	Ant Financial will do more in the future to make our country greener．
D．	Bai Xue and her workmates want to plant trees．

（4）We can learn from the passage that 　　．

A．	Ant Financial can help people realize their wishes of improving the environment
B．	Ant Financial is a charity
C．	Farmers in desert places in China often plant trees
D．	The members of Ant Financial like walking， buying tickets online and taking public transportation

Do you often run outdoors to keep healthy？ Have you ever thought about how running helps to clean up the earth？ Sometimes a creative mind can bring us a win﹣win（双赢） situation.

Plogging， a new way to exercise， began in Sweden. The name "plogging" comes from two words the Swedish word "plocka"，which means "to pick up"， and the word "jogging"，which means "to run slowly". A Swedish man called Eric started the movement. He saw rubbish here and there when riding to work each day. He became worried about the dirty environment and decided not to go to work by bike any more. Instead， he began to run to work and pick up the rubbish at the same time. To his joy， more and more people followed him and soon plogging became popular.

Many people choose plogging instead of just jogging because they think plogging is a good way to help clean up the earth. Sometimes rubbish is difficult to collect because it may scatterall around. But if the runners pick up the rubbish on the way， it is quite different. After all， many hands make light work.Another reason is that plogging burns 48 calories（卡路里）. According to a reseach， plogging for 10 minutes burns 48 calories， while usual jogging for 10 minutes burns about 39 calories.

Everyone on the earth should play a part in cleaning it up! It's time for us to take action together. So ready？ Let's plog tomorrow!

（1）What did Eric do after he saw rubbish everywhere while riding to work？ 　　

A．	He began to pick up the rubbish while running to work every day.
B．	He kept riding to work every day.
C．	He didn't care and did nothing about it.
D．	He took a bus to work instead of riding every day.

（2）Why do people choose plogging？ 　　

A．	Because there are too many bikes in the city.
B．	Because it is a good way to help clean up the earth and burn more calories.
C．	Because riding bikes is harmful to their health.
D．	Because the buses are very busy.

（3）What does the underlined word "scatter" mean in Chinese？ 　　

A．	爆炸
B．	集中
C．	散落
D．	消失

（4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ 　　

A．	The name "logging" comes from two English words.
B．	An English man called Eric started plogging.
C．	Plogging for 10 minutes burns about 84 calorie.
D．	Plogging started in Sweden.

（5）What's the best title of the passage？ 　　

A．	A Bad Habit﹣Littering
B．	The Best Sport﹣Jogging
C．	A New Way to Exercise﹣Plogging
D．	The Best Exercise﹣Riding

Tide is the regular rise and fall of the ocean level caused by the movement of the sun， the earth and the moon． It is considered a promising source of green energy to produce electricity in coastal areas．

    To make use of tidal energy， we need to build tidal power stations． The bays and the river mouths where the tide is high（the tidal range is more than 10 metres） are usually perfect sites to build tidal power stations． There are many such places in the world． According to the IRENA （ the International Renewable Energy Agency）， by just using 2% of our coastlines， we can produce 4，383TWh of ocean power each year， enough to meet 16.4% of the world's electricity needs．

    To build a tidal power station， we need to build a dam． In the dam are many turbines and on each turbine there is an electric generator'． When the tide rises，water comes through the dam，the turbines turn and the electric generators work， producing electricity．When the tide falls，water goes out through the dam， the turbines turn again．The electric generators continue to work．

    Tidal energy has its advantages．Using tidal energy to produce electricity is much cheaper than using the traditional energy， like coal or gas． For example， the Rance Tidal Power Station in France has been there for over 50 years， producing around 5.000.000TWh of electricity each year． The cost is only 1.3 cents/TWh．

    Tidal energy can be used nearly 24 hours a day． As long as the sun， the earth and the moon exist，we can use it to produce electricity． But without sunshine， there is no solar energy． When there is no wind，electric generators will not work． In addition， with the development of modern technology， tidal energy can be stored and used to produce electricity continuously．

    However， we still have some problems to solve． It is difficult to build a dam in the sea， and the cost is very high．Moreover it's expensive to keep a tidal power station in its best condition．Scientists are working on them．

（1）A tidal power station is best built 　　．

A．at a river mouth with wind

B． along the coast with waves

C． In a bay with tide high enough

D．in coastal areas with sunshine

（2）The underlined word "turbine" in Paragraph Three is a machine to 　　．

A． make the tide rise and fall

B． make an electric generator work

C． let water go through the dam

D．keep the dam in good condition

（3）What advantage does tidal energy have？　　

A． We can use it to get useful tide．

B． It can improve the ocean environment．

C． We can use it nearly all the time．

D． It meets 16． 4% of the electricity needs．

（4）How can we make better use of tidal energy？　　

A． By digging more bays and river mouths．

B． By building cheaper tidal power stations．

C． By closing traditional electric power plants．

D． By using tidal energy to replace other energy．

Britain was once covered by thick forests， home to many animals which no longer live here． There were wolves， bears and wild cattle with less than four million people． They lived in small villages protected by wooden walls from the animals outside．

However， all this changed． Now Britain's population has increased to 65 million． Three﹣quarters of Britain consists of fields， towns or cities． Although 25% of land is countryside，new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals than ever before． Britain is one of the few countries in the world without a large wild carnivore（食肉动物）．

Some people want to change this． Some say that Britain needs to become more natural again and suggest trees and plants that once grew in Britain should be allowed to grow again． They even say that large wild animals which have not lived in Britain should be helped to return and live wild． They call this " rewilding"．

Not everyone agrees． In the last twenty years， over one million trees have been planted and there are plans for more﹣but wild animals？ Some people ask if wolves will attack sheep or even humans． They are also angry that rewilding might mean an end to walking in the hills many people enjoy． So far， there are no wolves or bears in Britain's forests﹣but soon there might be!

（1）Why does Britain have fewer wild animals？ 　　

A．	Their living conditions are destroyed by humans．
B．	They are being killed by their natural enemies．
C．	The number of large animals is increasing．
D．	People there don't like wild animals．

（2）What does the underlined word " rewilding" probably mean？ 　　

A．	Protecting wild animals．
B．	Returning wild animals to Britain．
C．	Planting more green plants．
D．	Helping wild animals live better．

（3）What is the main idea of the last paragraph？ 　　

A．	Some people are against rewilding．
B．	People plan to plant more trees．
C．	Wild animals will be back to Britain．
D．	Wild animals do harm to humans．

（4）Which of the following can be the best title？ 　　

A．	Causing UK Greener
B．	Wolves Returning to UK
C．	Saving Wildlife in Britain
D．	Making Britain Wild again

The Youth Climate Summit（气候峰会） a week﹣long festival of climate action for primary and middle schools in the UK，starts on 9 November.It aims to create a fairer，more environmental world and make promises that will help the planet.Climate change is the long﹣term changes in the world's weather patterns that are mostly caused by human activity. "Unlike world leaders， "say the summit's organizers. "young people are refusing to let it drop off the plan. "

Each day has a topic，which includes food and fashion，looking at how humans harm the environment and how to save the planet.Organizations are leading some on line activities.For example，the Marine Conservation Society is hosting meetings on protecting sea fish.Separately，the environmental organization Greenpeace is running a workshop on how to turn worn﹣out clothing into something new and wearable.

The summit will finish on 13 November，when youth ambassadors（大使）wants schools to stop paper waste.Max，another 16﹣year﹣old ambassador wants schools to organize more trips and activities that get students outside to experience the beauty of nature.As part of the summit，hundreds of schools across the country are signing up to the Let's Go Zero activity，aiming to become carbon﹣zero（零碳的）by 2030.

Carbon﹣zero schools are ones that promise to stop emitting carbon in seven areas，including where they get their food and how they use water and recycle their waste.The activity is run by Ashden，a charity working towards climate solutions.Ashden hopes that schools will be able to help each other by sharing ideas and methods.It is also calling on the Government to back the promise.Head over to transform﹣our﹣world.org where you can find out more.

（1）The writer develops the first sentence in Paragraph 2 mainly by 　    　.

A．	telling stories
B．	comparing facts
C．	giving examples
D．	listing numbers

（2）Max advises schools to       　.

A．	recycle and reuse old clothes
B．	prevent students from wasting paper
C．	have meetings on saving endangered sea fish
D．	provide more chances for students to enjoy the nature

（3）The underlined word " emitting" in Paragraph 4 is the closest in meaning to" 　    　".

A．	using up
B．	taking in
C．	sending out
D．	cutting down

（4）The purpose of the passage is mainly to        　.

A．	explain the problems with climate change
B．	develop children's ability to solve social problems
C．	introduce the environmental organizations to schools
D．	encourage young people to care more about climate change

"I am so busy with my study． I don't even have enough time to have breakfast．"said Zhangli， a middle school student． Do you have the same problem __A__ Zhangli？ However， missing breakfast could raise your risk of heart problem by 87 percent， according to a new study． Researchers at the University of Iowa analyzed 18 years of data on 6，550 people over 40 years old who had no history of heart problems．They were given regular surveys __B__ included the question， "how often do you eat breakfast？ Most （59 percent）ate breakfast every day，but 5.1 percent never did，10.9 percent rarely did， and 25 percent would miss for a few days． The team found that①早餐习惯与心脏病风险之间存在明显关联．Those who didn't eat in the morning were up to 87 percent more likely to develop heart problems．

" It's believed that ②an， important， day， breakfast， the， is， meal， of， but there has been an

increasing prevalence （普遍）of missing breakfast over the past 50 years in the United States， with as many as 23.8 percent of young people missing break fast every day，" the researchers said．"However， studies on the health effects of missing breakfast are rare．"

The team pointed out a few factors which could underlie this connection． ③ Firstly ， those who don't eat breakfast may be more likely to snack unhealthily ．Secondly， breakfast may help to balance blood sugar levels and control blood pressure． The findings were published on the American College of Cardiology． Some days later a similar study showed people who missed breakfast and ate a late dinner were less likely to survive a heart attack． And Borja Ibanez， a doctor of medicine， also pointed out those who didn't eat breakfast were more likely to smoke， be lack of exercise， and drink alcohol．

As for us teenagers， what are your opinions on breakfast？ Do you think breakfast is important for us？

任务一：请分别在文中A、B两处的横线上填入适当单词（每空一词）

（1）A 　　B 　　

任务二：请将文中①处句子译成英语．

（2）The team found that 　　

任务三：请将文中②处的斜体单词连成句子

（3）It's believed 　　

任务四：请将文中③处划线句子译成汉语

（4） 　　

任务五： What can we learn from the passage？

（5） 　　

Dogs might have the latest tools in the fight against cancer （癌症）：their noses!Researchers at California's Pine Street Foundation （PSF） say they have trained five dogs to smell cancer on a prison's breath.This could be exciting news.

   A dog's sense of smell may be 10，000 to 100，000 times stronger than ours.But can dogs really smell illness？PSF researcher Michael McCulloch says yes. "We were very surprised by how exact they were，" he said. "They were telling who had cancer，and they were also saying who didn't."

    McCulloch and his team asked four healthy people and one with cancer to blow into plastic tubes （塑料管）.Special materials in the tubes kept the things of each breath.The tubes were then placed one yard apart.Finally the dogs were allowed to smell the tubes.Each dog had been trained for three weeks to sit when it smelled cancer.Ninety﹣nine percent of the time，the dog sat next to the tubes blown into by patients with lung cancer.The dogs were right 88 percent of the time about breast cancer.

Dogs in the Pine Street Foundation test were trained to sit when they smelled cancer.How well did they perform？Take a look at this chart to find out.
Breath Sample	Number of Times the Dogs Sat Down	Number of Times the Dogs Kept Standing
Breath from lung cancer patients	564	10
Breath from healthy persons	4	720

No lab test for cancer has given more correct results than this test.The results are so amazing that many experts question the dogs' smelling power.They wonder if there were other reasons why the dogs did so well.For example，they thought the way the dog trainers behaved could have influenced how the dogs acted.However，most experts agree that this study is important.The information could help scientists create a simple breath test for cancer in the future.Once again humans may be getting a helping paw or nose﹣from their best animal friends.

（1）What's the latest tool a dog might have in the fight against cancer？ 　 　

A.Tooth.

B.Nose.

C.Ear.

（2）What happened first in the Pine Street Foundation test？ 　 　

A.The dogs were trained.

B.The tubes were placed one yard apart.

C.The dogs smelled the tubes.

（3）What was a dog supposed to do when it smelled cancer？ 　 　

A.Smell again.

B.Turn around.

C.Sit down.

（4）Look at the chart.How many times did the dogs keep standing when they smelled the breath from healthy persons？ 　 　

A.Less than 10 times.

B.Almost 600 times.

C.About 700 times.

（5）Why do many experts question the dog's smelling power？ 　 　

A.Because no lab test for cancer has given more correct results.

B.Because the dog trainers influenced how the dogs acted.

C.Because they don't think this study is important.

Living on an island might sound wonderful． But what if you left for a trip and found you could never return？ What if your home， and even the land it stood on， was gone forever？For people living in the Pacific Islands，this is really possible．

    Why？ Climate（气候） change． Climate change is causing the sea to rise． That's bad news for the Pacific Islands． Young people on the islands are even starting to wonder：Will they be the last generation（一代人）？

    Not if the islanders have anything to do about it．These people are deeply connected to their homelands． The Pacific Islands are made up of 11 different countries： the Marshall Islands， Fiji， Samoa，and others． But now， those countries are working together． They're joining forces to fight climate change．

    Why is climate change such a huge threat to this part of the world？Islands have low elevations（海拔）．So they are among the first places influenced by rising sea levels． That's why countries of the Pacific Islands are working together to do their part．

    But these are small countries． When it comes to climate change， can they make a big difference？ They can， because most of the things that people on islands buy are brought by ships．This is very harmful to the environment． After all， ships put out almost 3 percent of the world's carbon emissions（碳排放）．That makes climate change worse．

    Pacific Islanders realize the problem． So， in 2019，six countries got together：Fiji，the Marshall Islands， Samoa，Vanuatu， the Solomon Islands， and Tuvalu． They came up with a plan． They agreed to cut carbon emissions from shipping by 40 percent by 2030．And by 2050，they expect zero﹣carbon shipping．

    How will they pull this off？ They plan to use some really cool carbon﹣free technologies．They'll make use of solar and wind energy．

    Sea levels are rising， but hopes aren't sinking in the Pacific Islands．

（1）What is the bad news for the Pacific Islands according to the passage？　　

A． Some Pacific Island countries have disappeared．

B． The sea level is going up because of climate change．

C． All the sipping to the Pacific Islands has been stopped．

D． The Pacific Islands have nothing to do about the climate change．

（2）The underlined word "threat" in Paragraph 4 probably means"　　"．

A． risk

B． step

C． project

D． development

（3）It can be inferred from the passage that 　　．

A． there will never be zero carbon emissions from sipping

B． solar and wind energy will make climate change worse

C． all the Pacific Islanders may leave their homelands by 2050

D． some Pacific Island countries may have hopes to make a difference

（4）The passage mainly talks about 　　．

A． why other countries are helping the Pacific Islanders fight climate change

B． how some countries are working hard to develop carbon﹣free technologies

C． how Pacific Island countries are working together to fight shipping pollution

D． why Pacific Island countries put out so much of the world's carbon emissions

Many environmental groups are warning that oceans of the world are in great danger． In the past 50 years，the number of water with zero oxygen（氧气） in the open ocean has increased more than four times． In the near coast water bodies， including the river mouth and seas， low﹣oxygen areas have increased more than 10 times since 1950．Scientists discover that oxygen continues dropping ever outside these zones as the Earth warms． To stop the drop，the world needs to control in both climate change and nutrient（养分） pollution．

Oxygen is a must to life in the oceans． The drop in ocean oxygen is among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earth's environment．

This is the first time for the scientists to take such a deep look at the causes， results and solutions to low oxygen worldwide， in both the open ocean and the near coast waters．About half of the oxygen on Earth comes from the ocean． However， mixed effects of nutrient loading and climate change are greatly increasing the number and size of "dead zones" in the open ocean and the near coast waters， where oxygen is too low to support most sea life．

In the areas traditionally called"dead zones"． like those in Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico， oxygen drops to levels so low that many animals have trouble in breathing and die．As fishes run away from these zones， their living areas become smaller and smaller． But the problem goes far beyond "dead zones"． Even smaller oxygen drops can hold up the growth in animals and lead to disease or even death． Low oxygen also can cause the release of dangerous chemicals．Although a few animals can grow well in dead zones， overall biodiversity（多样性）falls．

（1）How to stop the drop of ocean oxygen in the article？ 　　

A．	By controlling in both climate change and nutrient pollution around the world．
B．	By taking a deep look at the causes， results and solutions to low oxygen worldwide．
C．	By running away from these zones， for the living areas become smaller and smaller．
D．	By cutting down the number of animals in the oceans．

（2）Why are these waters called"dead zones" from the article？ 　　

A．	Because the oxygen in these areas is too low for most sea life to live．
B．	Because nutrient loading and climate change are greatly increasing．
C．	Because there are no animals living in these areas．
D．	Because low oxygen also can cause the release of dangerous chemicals．

（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article？ 　　

A．	Only a few animals living in the sea need oxygen．
B．	Climate change can help cut down the dead zones．
C．	Fishes grow faster and better in low oxygen areas．
D．	Human activities have many serious effects on ocean environment．

Global warming is a big problem that we have to stop． One of the best things we do is to plant more trees． Trees can take in CO2 in the air and stop global warming．（1） 　　

A team of scientists at Boston University has been working with NASA to study Earths green vegetation（植被）． They used a special NASA camera and found that global leaf area had increased by 5 percent since the early 2000s． （2） 　　That's about one﹣quarter of the size of the entire Amazon rainforest．

The growth mainly came from China's forest protection programs， NASA said． For example， since 1962． China has been planting trees in Saihanba． Hebei Province． It was once a desert，（3） 　　

（4） 　　Ant Forest， a feature in Alipay app， gives users points for doing eco﹣friendly things such as walking and going paperless in the office． Users can then use these points to water and grow their own virtual（虚拟的）trees． When the virtual trees are big enough， Ant Forest will plant real trees somewhere in the world．（5） 　　

A． More than 55 million trees have been planted in this way．

B． The Chinese public has also joined in these activities recently．

C． And China was responsible for 25% of that gain． according to the study．

D． However， people there can produce vegetables without any difficulty now．

E． But now， China has turned the area into the country's largest man﹣made forest．

F． According to a news report， China is doing a great job of"greening"the world．